高考英语作文 遣词造句与谋篇布局讲课讲稿

学科教师辅导教案教学内容说明：教师引导学生重视文章的结构和布局，重在简洁清晰，便于理解。

英语写作一般包括一个开头段、一至两个扩展段和一个结尾段。

开头段和结尾段一般比扩展段短。

一、开头段1. 开头段的作用：概括陈述主题，提出观点或论点，表明写作意图。

开头段一定要语言精练，并且直接切入主题。

开头段一般不对主题进行深入的探讨，具体的论证或叙述应该在扩展段进行。

2. 开头段的方法：写作结构种类千千万，那么，我们到底要选用何种结构才不混乱呢？But!!!让阅卷人经历千辛万苦才找到文章中心的后果，看上去很美~~1.主题句法：开篇点明主题，用主题句，然后围绕主题内容进行发展。

例如：I insist that teenagers’ secrets, if not at all, should be shared by their parents.2.提问法：提出有争议或探讨性的具体问题，然后加以简要回答或展开引导性简短讨论。

例如：What do you want from your work? Money? Promotions? Interesting challenges? Continual learning? Work based friendships? The opportunity to develop your own idea and potentials? Though we are all individuals and so our answers will differ, all agree that work provides more than material things.3.引语法：使用引语(use a quotation)：使用一段名人名言，或人们常用的谚语、习语，以确定文章的写作范围和方向。

例如：“Great minds must be ready not only to take the opportunity, but to make them.” Colton, a great writer once remarked. But it still has a profound significance now. To a person, in whose lifetime opportunities are not many, to make opportunities is more essential to his success.4.数据法：使用具体详实的数字或数据，然后作出概括性分析，指明问题的症结所在。

读后续写第一部分谋篇布局第一章情节素描第一节“负转正”的情节轮廓“矛盾（负）”决定了故事的起点：有了矛盾，人们才需要克服艰难险阻，应对天天灾人祸；有了冲突，人世间才会有悲欢离合。

没有矛盾，就没有精彩的故事可说。

读后续写本质上是一“故事续写”，也必然有矛盾。

“转折（转）”决定了高潮：故事的转折是为了解决之前的矛盾，是之前积累的矛盾、冲突、负面情绪的集中释放。

续写中转折有可能是题目已经写明或者给出了线索和方向，也有可能需要学生进行合理的想象，完整构建矛盾解决的过程。

这个转折决定了故事高潮的展开。

当然转折后矛盾也有可能暂未解决，抑或有新的矛盾出现。

“结局（正）”决定了故事的终点：“正能量”的结局，文章主题应该是积极的，结局也应该是积极的。

虽然不能说悲剧的结尾就一定消极，但是在处理的难度上，“happy ending”要比“bad ending”更易于传播正能量，弘扬真善美。

正向的结局决定了故事的终点。

注意1：正能量不等于皆大欢喜例1：“监守自盗”文章讲述了银行职员Jack,因妻子出车祸急需要手术费，而利用职权之便盗窃银行的故事。

文章写到他成功抢走一大袋钱之后，出现了续写的两个段落的首句。

Paragraph1：After Jack had been gone from the bank for a while, the alarms began to ring. Paragraph2：But the most unlucky man was the manager of the bank, an old man.不难发现，所给文章和两个段落的首句，其实都没有提示“Jack 会落网”。

但是我们需要一个正能量的结局，所以Jack 不能逍遥法外。

虽然设计结局让Jack 自首或者被捕，对于Jack 和他妻子来说不一定是好事，因此，正能量的结局不等于皆大欢喜。

注意2：结局不等于结尾除了正能量不等于皆大欢喜外，我们还要注意，故事的结局不等同于文章的结尾。

2022年高考英语作文提升秘诀谋篇布局一.一个中心：切题二.两个基本点：三.四个层次：词句段文1.英语用词较灵活我认为I think…?I believe/ argue/ insist/ maintain/ deem/ As I see it,/ In my opinion,/ From my point of view,/ As to me,/ As for me,/ As regards me,/ When it comes to me,/As far as I am concerned,…2.英语句型较丰富1)主语从句It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.It is well-known that…It is self-evident that…It goes without saying that… It is universally acknowledged that…2)宾(表)语从句We cannot understand why he was so cruel to his roommates.The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.3)定语从句(限定性和非限定性)As is shown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described…in the cartoon/ picture/ graph/ table…,There are many reasons why I want to study in your university.It is estimated that tens of billions of yuan is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste.4)状语从句(时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等)When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes amonster (怪物) which will devour him.Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers.5)词短语做定语或状语Prof. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better.Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.6)倒装句Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots.7)被动句Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem.He is said to have accomplished a lot of great deeds.Many people believe that…(It is believed that…)8)设问句Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him?3.英文段落展开严谨第一段：主题句法;提出问题第二段：列举法;正反法;举例法;因果法第三段：给出意见;解决问题;归纳法4.英文文章结构清晰首尾句型积累（一）段首句1. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。

高考作文整体谋篇思路高分作文〔1820分〕整体要求：①掩盖了全部内容要点；②应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;③语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误但为尽力使用较简单结构或较高级词汇所致；④具有较强的语言运用力量；⑤有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

写作谋篇：①内容定档：切忌写不够、写不全学会谋篇②细节定分：切忌写不对、写不好学会造句经典真题1【2019新课标1卷】假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。

请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事情。

写满全部要点：1. 写信目的I want to be a volunteer in this Chinese painting show, because I like Chinese panting very much.2. 个人优势I am from China, so I can speak both Chinese and English.3. 能做的事情I can tell people knowledge about Chinese culture and help you organize the activity.假设整篇文章根据以上行文思路，40词左右草草结束，那么作文得分只能得到个位数。

当句子主语不明学会运用被动语态！篇幅不够，往往是写作中的一大难题，其实，英语作文写的不好，其实跟英语没什么关系。

高考作文命题在题干中留意“请〞字，“请〞之前是背景，“请〞之后是目的。

学会谋篇：20分=要点全面+语言正确+规律连贯+卷面美观实质：知道每一段写什么内容！！首段：自我介绍+写信背景+写信目的自我介绍：I am Li Hua, +另一个身份〔同学、成员等〕, who es from/is interested in……例：1. I am Li Hua, a 17 years old boy, who es fromChina.2.I am Li Hua, a 17 years old boy currently studying in Sunshine Middle School, who is interested in……写信背景+写信目的：Learning from your last letter/the Internet that…… I am writing this letter/email to……首段：Dear Sir or Madam,I am Li Hua, a student who es from China. Learning from the Internet that a Chinese painting show will be held in your gallery, I am writing to apply to be a volunteer.经典真题2【2012全国1卷】假定你是李华，从互联网((the Internet)上得知一个国际中同学组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢送各国同学参与。

第一讲：谋篇（篇章内容结构分配）以及常见问题分析一，考点梳理：1：“三段式”篇章结构安排2：各个段落句子形式和数量根据内容进行编排3：连词应用：表结构连词、表关系连词二，真题演练：1：（2011年，陕西卷）假设你是中学生李华。

在一位名叫TigerMom的学生家长博客上，你看到以下内容。

请你根据博客内容、写作要点和要求，给这位家长回复。

I’m the mot her of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well in school, but some friends of mine keeping telling me that I put too much pressure on her. Am I wrong?写作要点：1、表明自己的看法；2、陈述自己的理由（可举例说明）；3、提出至少两条建议。

Hi，TigerMom，What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. My idea is that it is not quite right for you to do so.Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating students and their future university admission ,development in wisdom, emotion, health, and life attitude school never be ignored. There are many examples around us. Some all-A student in school have turned out notto be ac successful in society as they were expected. The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities. Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.So I suggest that you take your friends’ advice. More importantly, let her live like a lovely girl; let her have more friends and social activities; and let her make takes of her own as we teenagers often do.（2011年，湖北卷）请根据以下提示，结合你校园生活中的一个事例，就与人合作这一话题，用英语写一篇短文。

大学英语写作：遣词、造句、谋篇一、遣词1.选词要具体good—kind, friendly, generous, just, warmhearted, selfless, brave, honest, skillful, competent, qualified, colorful, interesting, informative, instructive, beautiful, delicious, nourishing, fresh, wholesome, effective, efficient.water—current, flood, wave, spring, fountain,crops—wheat, rice, maize, barley, beans, cottonmove—walk, march, run, jump (into the flood), climb, flysee—gaze, peep, glance, stare, spot, sight, scan, witness, eye, observe, peer, gapesports—race, game, soccer, basket-ball, swimming, boxing, gymnastics, calisthenicslaugh—smile, grin, beam, giggle, snigger, chuckle,（以上各组词的第一个词义比较宽泛笼统，而破折号后面的词语比较具体。

）2.谨防ChinglishYou must work hard to learn / study more knowledge at college. (acquire / obtain / enlarge / accumulate / have a good command of)He has a lot of vocabulary. (He has a large vocabulary.)You had better take the nearest way. (You had better to take the shortest way.)Cf. the newest news (the latest news)When he was at school, he won first reward for good behavior. ( reward: prize)The Chinese people often respect cigarettes when they meet. (respect: offer)In my childhood, when I did something wrong, my mother never hit me. (hit: beat)When the teacher was giving lectures, I simply wanted to sleep. (sleep: doze off / Cf. When the teacher was giving lectures, I could not help dozing off.)He remained alive after experiencing the car accident. (cf. He survived the car accident.)Since the boy is growing up quickly, this suit now becomes too small for the boy. (cf. The boy has outgrown this suit.)He is as strong as an ox. (ox: horse。

（推荐）高考英语作文遣词造句与谋篇布局高考英语作文遣词造句与谋篇布局一．英语作文常用的高级写作词汇1.sad(depressed; upset)2.happy(cheerful; delighted; thrilled)eg. I’m absolutely delighted to hear from you.3.bad(annoying; awful; unpleasant)eg. Smoking in public is an annoying habit.4.important(vital;; essential; significant; be of great importance ) eg. Education is of much importance.A balanced diet is absolutely essential for\to everyone.Parents play an important role in chi ldren’s learning.Chinese parents attach much importance to children’s education.5.surprising(astonishing; amazing; extraordinary)6.necessary(a must; essential)eg. A raincoat is a must in the rainy season.7.good(amazing; fantastic; impressive; splendid)eg. The view from my bedroom window was absolutely fantastic.This is a unique opportunity to learn about American culture.8.can(be capable of; have the ability to do sth)eg. I am perfectly capable of looking after myself.He has the ability to finish the task on time./doc/20ca28d7cd84b9d528ea81c758f 5f61fb636283e.html e(take advantage of; make good\full of) eg. You are supposed to make good use of your time to improve yourself. 10.do one’s best(spare no effort to do) eg. We should spare no effort to make our city more andmore beautiful. 11.influence(have /make a +adj+effect/influence on)eg. The mother’s behavior has a profound effect on the developing child.12.be good for(do sb good; be beneficial to)eg. A bit more exercise can do you good.We will benefit a lot from the activity.13.remember(keep sth in mind)Eg. You must always keep the rule in mind.You must keep it in mind that you should study hard.14.in order to do(with the intention of; with the aim of;)eg. He wrote the letter with the intention of asking for some advice.We started a campaign with the aim of helping those homeless children.15.I firmly believe that(I was convinced that; I have the firm/strong belief that) Eg. I firmly believe that you will be admitted into a key university.16.be bad for(be harmful to; do harm/damage to.)17.attract(appeal to; fascinate;)Eg. The idea of working abroad really appeals to me.The children were attracted by the toys in the shop.What fascinated/attracted me most was the beautiful scenery.18.cause(lead to; result in; account for; contribute to)Eg. His actions could lead to his failure.Several reasons may account for the strange phenomenon.His carelessness contributed to the accident.19.want to do(intend to; would like to do; feel like doing; have a strong desire to do) Eg. I intend to study abroad nextmonth.The boy has a strong desire to win the match.20.decide(make up one’s mind to do; make a decision to do)Eg. He made up his mind to study harder than before.21.pay attention to(attach much/great importance to; lay/put great stress on) 重视，关注……Eg. Everyone should pay more attention to his own behavior in public places.The whole society should attach importance to protecting the environment.22.pay no attention to(overlook; neglect; turn a blind eye to)Eg. People always overlook/turn a blind eye to the problem.23.about(concerning; regarding; with regard to)Eg. I wrote a letter to him about/concerning/regarding/with regard to the problem.24.because of(thanks to/owing to/as a result of/as a consequence of+n/doing)Eg. Thanks to your help, we’ve reached our goal.The fishes in the river have died as a result/consequence of water pollution. 25.Many(many a+单数名词；a large number of+复数名词; a great/good many +复数名词) Eg. Many a student is addicted to playing computer games.A good many students are crazy about playing computer games.26.In this way(by doing so; by this means; with this method)Eg. By doing so, we can face challenges from all aspects.Only in this way/by this means/with this method can we improve our ability.27.If(as long as/ provided/providing that/ on condition that/supposing that+句子) Eg. I will help you with your English as long as/provided that I have enough time.We shall go on condition that the weather is fine.28.not(by no means; in no way; under no circumstances; on no account)Eg. By no means/on no account should we lose heart when we face failures.29.many kinds of(various; a variety of; a wide range of)Eg. There are various/a wide range of after-class activities in our school.30.support(be for; be in favor/support of; subscribe to )31.oppose(be against; be opposed to; object to)32.very+(extremely; absolutely; considerably;more than; nothing but; anything but) Eg. Self-confidence is extremely vital to our success.Earthquakes are absolutely/considerably difficult to predict.The film we saw last night was nothing but/anything but interesting.33.thing(matter; affair)34.more and more+adj(increasingly+adj)Eg. Nowadays, studying abroad is becoming increasingly popular in China.35.should(be supposed to; be expected to)Eg. We are supposed to study hard in order to be admitted to a key university.重要句式1.表示“重要性”1）It is important for sb to do 2）It is important/essential that sb should do sth.Eg.It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid in your d aily life.It is essential that we should learn a foreign language.3）Sth/Doing sth is essential to sth/doing sth.Eg. Memorizing words is essential to i mproving our reading ability.4）Sth undoubtedly plays an important/essential role/part in Eg. Computers undoubtedly play an essential part in our daily life.5）Sth +be of great/much importance.6）Nothing is more important than +n/to doEg . Nothing is more important than to receive education.2.表示“益处”1）Sth is beneficial to sb/sth 2) Sth does good to sb/sth3) Sth +contribute to sth eg. Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.4)Sb benefit a lot/a great deal from sth eg. We benefited a lot from the activity.5)As we know, cellphones bring many benefits and convenience to us.3.表示“危害”1) Sth is harmful to sb eg. It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health.2) Sth dose harm/damage to eg. Reading in bed will do harm to your eyes.4. 表示“原因”Eg. There are many reasons why teenagers are addicted to playing computers games.Eg. The reasons why teenagers are addicted to playing computers games are as follows.Eg. The reason why we have to grow trees is that t hey can supply fresh air for us.5) 句子(结果)；that is because+句子（表示原因）Eg.Tom was late for work this morning. That is because he overslept.6）Because/As/Since+句子，主句5. 表示“结果”1）句子（表示原因）；as a result/consequence,句子（结果）Eg. He didn't work hard; as a result,he failed in his exam.2）句子（表示原因）；that is why + 句子（表示结果）Eg. Tom overslept ; that is why he was late for work this morning3）句子（表示结果）+ because of/ as a result of/ on account of +n/doing6. 表示“目的”1）In order to do sth, sb should do sth/ sb did sthEg.In order to do great things, we have to perfect the small things.2) Sb should do sth/ sb did sth in order that/ so that……Eg. My son saved his money in order that he might buy a new car.3) The aim of sth is to do sthEg. The aim of the activity is to encourage students to read more books.4）Sb do sth/did sth with the aim/intention of doing sthEg. We started it mainly with the aim of helping lonely people.5) Sth is intended to do sth7. 表示“号召”“希望”1）I sincerely hope that +句子 eg.I sincerely hope that you will have a wonderful time tonight.2) It is advocated that +句子Eg. It is advocated in China that a couple has two childen.3) I would like to appeal to sb to do sthEg. I would like to appeal to everyone to save electricity and water.8. 表示“建议”1) You had better/ should/be supposed to/be expected toEg. You are supposed to be responsible for them.2) I think it is a good idea to do sthEg. I think it would be a good idea to ask your mother for advice.3) Why not do sth? / Why don’t you do sth?4) If I were you, I would do sth.Eg. If I were you, I should tell him the truth.5) I hope my suggestions will be of some help to you.9. 表示“感谢”1）Thank you for doing sth.Eg. Thank you for doing so much to make my trip to New York interesting2) I would like to express my thanks/gratitude to you.3) I would appreciate it if you could do sth.10. 表示“歉意”1） I am sorry to do/ that + 句子Eg. I am sorry to say I cannot come to the party.I am sorry that you failed in the examination.2）I would like to apologize to you for doing sthEg. I would like to apologize to you for the inconvenience that I have caused you11. 表示“真实条件”1）If +条件句，主句（主将从现）2）主句+on condition that/ providing that/ supposing that/as long as+句子12. 表示“尽管”“虽然”1）Although/Though+句子，主句Eg. Although he failed, he has done his best.2）Despite/ In spite of+名词，句子或句子+despite/ in spite of+名词Eg. Despite/ In spite of the bad weather, we enjoyed ourselves.I went shopping in spite of the rain.3) 形容词/名词+as+sb/sth is/was, 主句Eg. Young as he is, he knows a lot.13. 表示“时间”1）This is/was the first/last time that sb have done/had done sth’Eg. This is the first time that our whole class have gone out together for a picnic.2) It is high time that sb should do/did sthEg. It is time that the government took/should take measures to protect the rare birds and animals.3) There was a time when+句子Eg. There was a time when this song was very popular.4）It is/has been+时间段+since sb did sthEg. It’s / has been three months since we met last time.5) It was not until+n/句子+that+sb did sthEg. It was not until he got seriously ill that he knew theimportance of health.6) It will（not）be +时间段+before+句子（现在时）Eg. It will not be long before we meet again.14. 表示“比较”1）Compared to/with+ sb/sth, 句子Eg. Compared to/with his classmates, he studies much harder.2）句子+while/whereas+句子Eg. Some students are in favor of it, whereas others are against it.3）In contrast to/with+ sb/sth, 句子Eg. In contrast to his brother, he looks healthier.4) On one hand,句子. On the other hand, 句子（矛盾的两方面）Eg. On the one hand, they’d love to have kids, but on th e other hand, they don’t want to give up their freedom.15. 表示“列举”“举例”1）for example/for instance,句子(可换成插入语) 一般只以“一个”为例，可置于句首、句中和句末Eg. Noise, for example,is a kind of pollution.There are many kinds of pollution ,air pollution, for example.2）句子（最后一个单词是名词复数）+such as/like+（两个或三个）名词、动名词Eg. There are many kinds of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution and light pollution.16. 表示“要求”“请求”1）Sb are requested/asked to do sthEg. You are requested to come on time.2)I wonder if/whether you would like to do/can doEg. I wonder if you would like to give a performance to us.17. 表示“遗憾”“懊悔”1）To one’s regret, 句子eg. To my regret, I can’t attendyour birthday.2）I regret to tell you that+句子Eg. I regret to tell you that I can’t attend your birthday.。