Zheng-Rong Shi, Lu-Nan Yan, Bo Li, Tian-Fu Wen, Liver Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, ChinaAuthor contributions: Shi ZR, Yan LN participated in the research design and writing of the paper; all authors participated in the performance of the research; Shi ZR contributed analytic tools and data analysis.Correspondence to: Lu-Nan Yan, MD, PhD, Liver Trans-plantation Division, Department of Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China. yanlunan2009@ Telephone: +86-28-85422867 Fax: +86-28-85422867 Received: May 31, 2009Revised: July 16, 2009 Accepted: July 23, 2009Published online: August 28, 2009AbstractAIM: To evaluate different standard liver volume (SLV) formula and verify the applicability of the formulae for Chinese adults.METHODS:Data from 70 cases of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) performed at our transplanta-tion centers between January 2008 and April 2009 were analyzed. SLV was estimated using our recently reported formula [the Chengdu formula: SLV (mL) = 11.5 × body weight (kg) + 334] and other reported formulae used for Chinese adults. Actual intraoperative liver volumes were obtained from a review of the patients’ medical records. RESULTS:The actual right liver volume was not signifi -cantly different from the estimated right liver volume de-termined by the Chengdu formula, but was signifi cantly smaller than estimates using the Heinemann, Urata, Vauthey, and Lee formulae (P < 0.01), and signifi cantly larger than estimates using the Fan formula (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Chengdu formula was demon-strated to be reliable by its application in LDLT.© 2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng. All rights reserved.Key words: Standard liver volume; Living donor liver transplantation; Chinese adult; Liver volume formulaPeer reviewers: Silvio Nadalin, MD, PhD, Director of Transplant Program, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe Seyler Strasse 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Salvatore Gruttadauria, MD, Assistant Professor, Abdominal Transplant Surgery, ISMETT, Via E. Tricomi, 190127 Palermo, ItalyShi ZR, Yan LN, Li B, Wen TF. Evaluation of standard liver volume formulae for Chinese adults. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(32): 4062-4066 Available from: URL: http://www. /1007-9327/15/4062.asp DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3748/wjg.15.4062INTRODUCTIONLiving donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been used to alleviate the shortage of available liver donors. Accurate estimation of the standard liver volume (SLV) of the living donor and recipient is crucial. Overestimation of the donor’s SLV may result in excessive hepatic resection leading to liver failure, while underestimation of the recipient’s SLV may result in small-for-size graft syndrome[1-5]. Since 2001, our transplant centers have carried out 212 LDLTs. We estimated the SLV using computed tomography (CT) or reported formulae. However, there was a difference between these estimates and the actual liver volumes (ALVs) for Chinese adults. Recently, we developed a new formula (named the Chengdu formula) to estimate SLV using data from 115 LDLTs[6]. The formula is: SLV (mL) = 11.5 × body weight (kg) + 334. Using this formula, the SLVs were evaluated in 76 cases of LDLT performed from January 2008 to April 2009. Its accuracy was compared to that of other internationally reported formulae[7-10] to assess which formula is the most accurate for Chinese adults. MATERIALS AND METHODSPatient selectionThe data from 76 living donors were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were: (1) a healthy adult donor, aged 19-59 years;(2) right liver graft without middle hepatic vein; (3) adult-to-adult LDLT; (4) single donor; (5) no history of long term drinking. Exclusion criteria: (1) donor age < 18 or > 60 years; (2) left hepatic graft or left lateral lobe graft;(3) double donor grafts; (4) adult-to-child transplant; (5) donors who were hepatitis B or C carriers[11-14].Clinical dataData of preoperative donors included age, sex, heightOnline Submissions: World J Gastroenterol 2009 August 28; 15(32): 4062-4066 wjg@ World Journal of Gastroenterology ISSN 1007-9327doi:10.3748/wjg.15.4062 © 2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng. All rights reserved.Evaluation of standard liver volume formulae for Chinese adultsZheng-Rong Shi, Lu-Nan Yan, Bo Li, Tian-Fu WenBRIEF ARTICLES(BH, measured to the nearest 1 cm), body weight (BW , measured to the nearest 0.5 kg), and body surface area (BSA) calculated using the DuBois formula: BSA (m 2) = BW (kg) 0.425 × BH (cm) 0.725 × 0.007184 or the Mosteller formula: BSA (m 2) = square root BH (cm) × BW (kg)/3600. From the diaphragm to the superior mesenteric artery plane, the entire liver image was scanned using a 7 mm thick layer. In the Leonardo workstation, the LV was measured by venous phase images [15,16]. All preoperative CT examinations of donors were performed by a single radiologist and all donor procedures were performed by the same surgical unit. The volume of the grafts was measured by a 3 L beaker using a drainage method intraoperatively and the error was less than 10 mL [17,18].Right liver graft without middle hepatic vein reconstruction from a living donor was performed as described, with temporary occlusion of the right portal vein (PV) and right hepatic artery and use of ultrasonography to guide parenchymal transection. The right hepatic duct, right hepatic artery, right portal vein branch, and right hepatic vein were transected approximately 2-3 mm from the con fl uence [19,20], leaving the donor’s main PV and confluence intact. The graft was flushed with University of Wisconsin solution through the PV and hepatic artery [21,22].The volume of 70 livers was calculated using the Chengdu standard LV formula [6] as described above. The estimated right LV (ERLV) was obtained by multiplying the SLV by the proportion of the LV contributed by the right lobe on CT. The actual right LV (ARLV) was obtained by intraoperative measurement. The differencebetween the ERLV and ARLV was statistically evaluated. The formulae of Heinemann et al [8], Urata et al [7], Vauthey et al [9], Lee et al [5], and Fan et al [4] in addition to our own formula [6] were used to determine the estimated SLV (ESLV) of our donor livers. The previously reported formulae are shown in Table 1. For each liver, we calculated the difference between the ALV and volume estimated by each formula (ELV).Statistical analysisAfter testing for normal distribution (kurtosis and skewness tests), descriptive statistics were calculated and data were expressed as means ± SD for age (year), BW (kg), BH (cm), body mass index (BMI), and BSA. The ERLV-ARLV and the ELV-ALV were compared by the 2-sided paired-samples t -test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS (version 13.0) program.RESULTSSeventy donors (all Chinese; 53 men and 17 women; mean age, 32.21 ± 10.07; range, 19-57 years) met the selection criteria. All donors were related to the recipients.The characteristics of donors are shown in Table 2. All donors were considered healthy on the basis of BMI. All but one donor with a BMI of 17 kg/m 2 had a BMI of 18-28 kg/m 2. The mean volume of the right lobe on CT was 658.98 ± 81.14 mL and represented 55.4% ± 3.7% of the whole liver on CT.The mean ELV and mean ERLV using the Chengdu standard formula were 1058.70 ± 96.74 mL and 586.15 ± 67.17 mL, respectively. The mean ARLV was 578.58 ± 72.33 mL. Differences for individual donors between ERLV and ARLV were not signi fi cant (t = -1.882, P = 0.064). A plot of the relationship of ARLV to the ERLV calculated using the Chengdu formula is shown in Figure 1. The mean total LV determined preoperatively on CT was 1189.53 ± 114.75 mL. The mean RLV on CT without the middle hepatic vein was 658.98 ± 81.14 mL, and 55.4% ± 3.7% of the total LV . The ALV calculated from the volume of the graft and the ratio of the RLV to the total LV on CT (%) was 1050.10 ± 107.41 mL. The Heinemann, Urata, Vauthey, and Lee formulae signi fi cantly overestimated the LV (P < 0.01), while the Fan formula significantly underestimated the LV (P <Shi ZR et al . Liver volume formulae for Chinese adults 4063ESLV: Estimated standard liver volume; BSA: Body surface area; BW: Body weight; CT: Computed tomography; LDLT: Living donor liver transplantation.Table 2 Donor characteristicsMHV: Middle hepatic vein.0.05). There was no signi fi cant difference between ALV and ELV using the Chengdu formula (Figure 2).DISCUSSIONCT has become a standard method for assessing livergraft volume in living donors. Estimation of LV by CT (compared to actual volume) has a margin of error of 5%-25%[23,24]. In the present study, all donors had preoperative CT assessment of LV (mean total LV , 1189.53 ± 114.75 mL and mean volume of right lobe graft without middle hepatic vein, 658.98 ± 81.14 mL). The actual volume of the right liver was 578.58 ± 72.33 mL. In the present study, the LV on CT was 10%-20% higher than the ALV [25-27]. The reasons may be as follows: (1) Preoperative CT measurement is carried out under normal blood fl ow conditions. Perioperatively, liver resection interrupts the blood supply causing a loss of liquid volume, collapse of supporting structures, and thereby reduction in the volumeof the liver. (2) Sources of error (partial volume effect, inter-observer variation, and respiratory movements) may account for this difference [28].The difference between the ERLV (using our formula) and ARLV was compared to the difference between ERLV, calculated using the formulae of Heinemann, Urata, Vauthey, Lee, and Fan, and ARLV in our 70 donors. The Heinemann, Urata, Vauthey, and Lee formulae overestimated LV (P < 0.01)[29]. The reasons may include: ethnic differences (patients in Europe and the United States were Caucasian). All except the Sheung Tat Fan and Chengdu formulae were used to estimate LV from CT LV or autopsy LV. Estimates of LV by CT were 5%-25% higher than the ALV [30].Statistical analysis showed that the Fan formula tends to underestimate LV. The weight and height of the donors in our study were higher than of those in the Hong Kong group. This may be one of the reasons both results are very close (Table 3). Above all, we believe thatALV: Actual liver volume; ND: Not determined.Figure 1 Correlation between actual right liver volume (ARLV) and estimated right liver volume (ERLV) by the Chengdu formula. When both were the same, a dot would be on the linear line.500 600 700Graft ARLV700600500E R L VFigure 2 Correlation between actual liver volume (ALV) and estimated liver volume (ELV) by each formula. When both were the same, a dot would be on the linear line. Formulae of Urata, Heinemann, Vauthey, and Lee overestimated LV with respect to ALV. The Fan formula underestimated LV and the Chengdu formula gave a good estimate of ALV.4064 ISSN 1007-9327 CN 14-1219/R World J Gastroenterol August 28, 2009 Volume 15 Number 32700 900 1100 1300 1500ALV150013001100900700U r a t a700 1000 13001600ALV160013001000700H e i n e m a n n700 900 1100 1300 1500ALV150013001100900700L e e700 1000 1300 1600ALV160013001000700V a u t h e y700 900 1100 1300 1500ALV150013001100900700F a n700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300ALV14001300120011001000900800700C h e n g d uthe Chengdu formula was demonstrated to be reliable by its application in LDLT. We were limited to use of single center data in the present study, but we hope to improve the formula by using national multicenter data in the future[31].With development of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), especially improvement of right graft adult-to-adult LDLT, the danger of donating has been paid more and more attention. The exact liver volume is not only relevant for the recipient, but also for the donor to avoid dangerous life-threatening residual liver volumes.Research frontiersScholars of different countries established several standard liver volume (SLV) formulae from clinical data. The authors estimated the SLV using computed tomography or reported formulae. However, there was a gap between these estimates and the actual liver volumes for Chinese adults. Recently, they developed a new formula (named the Chengdu formula) to estimate SLV using data from 115 LDLTs.Innovations and breakthroughsWith the Chengdu formula, the SLVs were evaluated in 76 cases of LDLT performed from January 2008 to April 2009. Its accuracy was compared to that of other internationally reported formulae to assess which formula is the most accurate for Chinese adults.ApplicationsWith national multicenter data in the future, the Chengdu formula for SLV can be improved. It may then be applied to the evaluation of donors for LDLT. TerminologyStandard liver volume: normal liver volume without disease affecting the volume of liver.Peer reviewVery interesting manuscript dealing with a very hot topic: determination of optimal size matching between graft and recipient in LDLT by means of race-adapted calculation of liver volumes. 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㊃短篇报道㊃卡瑞利珠单抗联合卡培他滨治疗恶性腹膜间皮瘤１例∗∗㊀基金项目：甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目（１３０８ＲＪＺＡ１８１）７３００５０㊀兰州㊀中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四ʻ医院肿瘤科徐㊀良，张百红㊀㊀ʌ关键词ɔ㊀腹膜间皮瘤；㊀卡瑞利珠单抗；㊀卡培他滨中图分类号：Ｒ７３５ ５㊀㊀文献标识码：Ｄ㊀㊀文章编号：１００９－０４６０（２０２０）１２－１１５０－０３㊀㊀恶性腹膜间皮瘤（ｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏｍａ，ＭＰＭ）是来源于腹膜间皮细胞的恶性肿瘤，发病率低，起病隐匿，临床症状不典型㊂目前，ＭＰＭ治疗手段有限，预后差㊂本院采用卡瑞利珠单抗联合卡培他滨治疗ＭＰＭ患者１例，现将诊治过程报告如下㊂１㊀病案摘要患者男性，６３岁㊂因 腹胀㊁乏力１个月余 于２０１９年３月２２日在外院就诊㊂腹部增强ＣＴ提示腹膜后多发淋巴结增大㊂超声引导下行腹膜后淋巴结穿刺活检术，病理检查提示ＭＰＭ（图１）㊂２０１９年４月１日患者入住我院，多学科会诊后予以培美曲塞联合顺铂（ＰＣ）方案化疗１个周期，因化疗过程中出现４级恶心呕吐等消化道反应，患者拒绝继续化疗，遂出院㊂图１㊀ＭＰＭ的常规病理染色（ＨＥˑ１００）２０１９年９月４日患者因 腹胀㊁腹痛加重 返院㊂腹部ＭＲ示：腹膜㊁肠系膜广泛增厚并多发软组织肿块，腹㊁盆腔大量积液，腹膜后多发肿大淋巴结（图２Ａ）㊂胸部ＣＴ示：右肺上下叶㊁左肺及胸膜下多发结节，考虑转移瘤（图２Ｂ）㊂疗效评价为疾病进展（ＰＤ）㊂２０１９年９月１２日行卡瑞利珠单抗（２００ｍｇ静滴ｄ１，１４天为１个周期）联合卡培他滨（１ ５ｇ口服，ｄ１ ｄ１４，每天２次，２１天为１个周期）方案治疗㊂用药３天后，患者颈部㊁上肢逐渐出现 红痣型 反应性皮肤毛细血管增生症（ｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅｃｕｔａｎｅｏｕｓｃａｐｉｌｌａｒｙｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａ⁃ｔｉｏｎ，ＲＣＣＥＰ）㊂治疗２个周期后，２０１９年１１月６日复查腹部ＭＲ示：腹膜㊁肠系膜广泛增厚并多发软组织肿块，瘤体较前明显缩小（图２Ｃ）；胸部ＣＴ示：右肺上下叶㊁左肺及胸膜下结节较前减少（图２Ｄ）㊂疗效评价为部分缓解（ＰＲ）㊂治疗６个周期后，２０２０年２月２４日复查腹部ＭＲ示：腹膜㊁肠系膜瘤体消失（图２Ｅ）；胸部ＣＴ示：双肺内小结节消失（图２Ｆ），疗效评价为完全缓解（ＣＲ）㊂给予卡瑞利珠单抗（２００ｍｇ静滴ｄ１，１４天为１个周期）维持治疗㊂２０２０年５月２０日复查腹部ＭＲ（图２Ｇ）㊁胸部ＣＴ（图２Ｈ）仍示瘤体消失，疗效评价为ＣＲ㊂随访截止于２０２０年８月，患者一般情况良好，肿瘤无复发，继续卡瑞利珠单抗维持治疗㊂２㊀讨㊀论ＭＰＭ常起源于腹膜浆膜，组织学类型多为上皮型，约占所有间皮瘤的１５％ ２０％［１］㊂患者的症状和体征多不典型，常表现为腹痛㊁腹围增大和体质量减轻等，查体时可能触及腹部包块㊂ＭＰＭ治疗方法首选肿瘤细胞减灭术联合腹腔热灌注化疗㊂一项纳入了１０４７例肿瘤细胞减灭术联合腹腔热灌注化疗的ＭＰＭ患者的Ｍｅｔａ分析显示，患者的１㊁３㊁５年生存率分别为８４％㊁５９％和４２％［２］㊂对于不能手术的ＭＰＭ患者，目前首推ＰＣ方案㊂Ｆｕｊｉｍｏｔｏ等［３］报道，ＰＣ方案一线治疗ＭＰＭ的有效率为４５ ８％，疾病控制率为９１ ７％，中位无进展生存期和总生存期分别为１１ ０和１５ ８个月㊂大约４０％恶性间皮瘤不同程度地表达程序性死亡配体１（ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｄｄｅａｔｈｌｉｇａｎｄ１，ＰＤ⁃Ｌ１）［４］，提示程序性死亡受体１（ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｄｃｅｌｌｄｅａｔｈ１，ＰＤ⁃１）抑制剂可能具有抗恶性Ａ：２０１９年９月４日腹部ＭＲ；Ｂ：２０１９年９月４日胸部ＣＴ；Ｃ：２０１９年１１月６日腹部ＭＲ；Ｄ：２０１９年１１月６日胸部ＣＴ；Ｅ：２０２０年２月２４日腹部ＭＲ；Ｆ：２０２０年２月２４日胸部ＣＴ；Ｇ：２０２０年５月２０日腹部ＭＲ；Ｈ：２０２０年５月２０日胸部ＣＴ图２㊀该例ＭＰＭ患者的ＣＴ和ＭＲ影像间皮瘤的作用㊂ＰＤ⁃１抑制剂帕博利珠单抗治疗恶性胸膜间皮瘤的部分缓解率为２０％，疾病稳定率为５２％［５］，而细胞毒性Ｔ淋巴细胞相关蛋白４抑制剂联合ＰＤ⁃Ｌ１抑制剂治疗恶性间皮瘤的中位总生存期为１６ ６个月，疗效和耐受性尚可［６］㊂另外，也有ＰＤ⁃１抑制剂纳武利尤单抗用于ＰＣ方案化疗后进展的ＭＰＭ病例报道［７］㊂这些研究表明，免疫检查点抑制剂可能是恶性间皮瘤治疗的新选择㊂本例患者不能耐受ＰＣ方案化疗，参考上述研究报道，经患者及家属同意，尝试免疫检查点抑制剂治疗㊂因进口ＰＤ⁃１抑制剂价格昂贵，综合考虑选择价格较低的卡瑞利珠单抗联合卡培他滨治疗㊂卡瑞利珠单抗是一种ＰＤ⁃１抑制剂，主要作用机制为通过与ＰＤ⁃１受体结合从而阻断与ＰＤ⁃Ｌ１结合，阻止ＰＤ⁃１及其下游信号通路的激活并提高机体的免疫反应，能够恢复抗肿瘤的免疫功能［８］㊂卡培他滨是氟尿嘧啶的前体，属抗代谢类的化疗药物，副作用较轻且口服给药的依从性较好㊂患者使用卡瑞利珠单抗联合卡培他滨治疗６个周期后接受卡瑞利珠单抗维持治疗，瘤体完全消失，疗效评价为ＣＲ㊂因此，结合免疫检查点抑制剂在恶性间皮瘤中的研究报道以及本例患者的疗效，免疫检查点抑制剂联合化疗很可能是一种新的治疗ＭＰＭ的方法，未来我们应当深入探究免疫检查点抑制剂在ＭＰＭ治疗中的作用㊂患者在第１个治疗周期内出现ＲＣＣＥＰ，考虑为卡瑞利珠单抗的不良反应㊂卡瑞利珠单抗治疗实体瘤的Ⅰ期临床试验结果显示，其最常见不良反应为ＲＣＣＥＰ［９］㊂王锋等［１０］研究报道，ＲＣＣＥＰ的发生率达到７７ １％，未发生严重的不良事件，在治疗结束后可自行消退㊂卡瑞利珠单抗导致ＲＣＣＥＰ的机制尚不明确㊂Ｆｉｎｌａｙ等［１１］报道，卡瑞利珠单抗是人体高选择性㊁低亲和力的血管内皮生长因子受体２强效激动剂，可能通过激活血管内皮细胞促进ＲＣＣＥＰ的发生㊂因此，在治疗上联合抗血管生成药物可能减少ＲＣＣＥＰ的发生率㊂卡瑞利珠单抗联合血管生成抑制剂阿帕替尼治疗晚期肝癌和胃癌等肿瘤的临床试验正在进行，提示联合用药可能减少ＲＣＣＥＰ的发生［１２］㊂本例患者使用卡瑞利珠单抗联合卡培他滨治疗的疗效良好，不良反应较轻且治疗成本相对较低㊂因此，卡瑞利珠单抗联合卡培他滨有可能成为ＭＰＭ新的治疗方法㊂参考文献［１］㊀ＣａｒｂｏｎｅＭ，ＡｄｕｓｕｍｉｌｌｉＰＳ，ＡｌｅｘａｎｄｅｒＨＲＪｒ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏ⁃ｍａ：Ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃｃｌｕｅｓｆｏｒｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ，ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓ，ａｎｄｔｈｅｒａｐｙ［Ｊ］．ＣＡＣａｎｃｅｒＪＣｌｉｎ，２０１９，６９（５）：４０２－４２９．［２］㊀ＨｅｌｍＪＨ，ＭｉｕｒａＪＴ，ＧｌｅｎｎＪＡ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｃｙｔｏｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｖｅｓｕｒｇｅｒｙａｎｄｈｙｐｅｒｔｈｅｒｍｉｃｉｎｔｒａｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌｃｈｅｍｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙｆｏｒｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏｍａ：ａｓｙｓｔｅｍａｔｉｃｒｅｖｉｅｗａｎｄｍｅｔａ⁃ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ［Ｊ］．ＡｎｎＳｕｒｇＯｎｃｏｌ，２０１５，２２（５）：１６８６－９３．［３］㊀ＦｕｊｉｍｏｔｏＥ，ＫｉｊｉｍａＴ，ＫｕｒｉｂａｙａｓｈｉＫ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｆｉｒｓｔ⁃ｌｉｎｅｃｈｅｍｏ⁃ｔｈｅｒａｐｙｗｉｔｈｐｅｍｅｔｒｅｘｅｄｐｌｕｓｃｉｓｐｌａｔｉｎｆｏｒｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏｍａ［Ｊ］．ＥｘｐｅｒｔＲｅｖＡｎｔｉｃａｎｃｅｒＴｈｅｒ，２０１７，１７（９）：８６５－８７２．［４］㊀ＴｅｒｒａＳＢＳＰ，ＭａｎｓｆｉｅｌｄＡＳ，ＤｏｎｇＨ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｔｅｍｐｏｒａｌａｎｄｓｐａｔｉａｌｈｅｔｅｒｏｇｅｎｅｉｔｙｏｆｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｄｃｅｌｌｄｅａｔｈ１⁃Ｌｉｇａｎｄ１ｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｉｎｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏｍａ［Ｊ／ＯＬ］．Ｏｎｃｏｉｍｍｕｎｏｌｏｇｙ，２０１７［２０２０⁃０４⁃１５］．ｈｔｔｐｓ：／／ｗｗｗ．ｔａｎｄｆｏｎｌｉｎｅ．ｃｏｍ／ｄｏｉ／ｆｕｌｌ／１０．１０８０／２１６２４０２Ｘ．２０１７．１３５６１４６．［５］㊀ＡｌｌｅｙＥＷ，ＬｏｐｅｚＪ，ＳａｎｔｏｒｏＡ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｓａｆｅｔｙａｎｄａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆｐｅｍｂｒｏｌｉｚｕｍａｂｉｎｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｐｌｅｕｒａｌｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏｍａ（ＫＥＹＮＯＴＥ⁃０２８）：ｐｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｆｒｏｍａｎｏｎ⁃ｒａｎｄｏｍｉｓｅｄ，ｏｐｅｎ⁃ｌａｂｅｌ，ｐｈａｓｅ１ｂｔｒｉａｌ［Ｊ］．ＬａｎｃｅｔＯｎｃｏｌ，２０１７，１８（５）：６２３－６３０．［６］㊀ＭａｒｋｈａｍＡ，ＫｅａｍＳＪ．Ｃａｍｒｅｌｉｚｕｍａｂ：Ｆｉｒｓｔｇｌｏｂａｌａｐｐｒｏｖａｌ［Ｊ］．Ｄｒｕｇｓ，２０１９，７９（１２）：１３５５－１３６１．［７］㊀ＩｋｕｓｈｉｍａＨ，ＳａｋａｔａｎｉＴ，ＯｈａｒａＳ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｃｉｓｐｌａｔｉｎｐｌｕｓｐｅｍｅ⁃ｔｒｅｘｅｄｔｈｅｒａｐｙａｎｄｓｕｂｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｉｍｍｕｎｅｃｈｅｃｋｐｏｉｎｔｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒａｄ⁃ｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏｍａｗｉｔｈｏｕｔｐｌｅｕｒａｌｌｅｓｉｏｎｓ：Ｃａｓｅｒｅｐｏｒｔ［Ｊ／ＯＬ］．Ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ（Ｂａｌｔｉｍｏｒｅ），２０２０［２０２０⁃０７⁃２０］．ｈｔｔｐｓ：／／ｊｏｕｒｎａｌｓ．ｌｗｗ．ｃｏｍ／ｍｄ⁃ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ／Ｆｕｌｌｔｅｘｔ／２０２０／０５２９０／Ｃｉｓｐｌａｔｉｎ＿ｐｌｕｓ＿ｐｅｍｅｔｒｅｘｅｄ＿ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ＿ａｎｄ＿ｓｕｂｓｅｑｕｅｎｔ．１０ ａｓｐｘ．［８］㊀ＣａｌａｂｒòＬ，ＭｏｒｒａＡ，ＧｉａｎｎａｒｅｌｌｉＤ，ｅｔａｌ．Ｔｒｅｍｅｌｉｍｕｍａｂｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄｗｉｔｈｄｕｒｖａｌｕｍａｂｉｎｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈｍｅｓｏｔｈｅｌｉｏｍａ（ＮＩＢＩＴ⁃ＭＥＳＯ⁃１）：ａｎｏｐｅｎ⁃ｌａｂｅｌ，ｎｏｎ⁃ｒａｎｄｏｍｉｓｅｄ，ｐｈａｓｅ２ｓｔｕｄｙ［Ｊ］．ＬａｎｃｅｔＲｅｓｐｉｒＭｅｄ，２０１８，６（６）：４５１－４６０．［９］㊀ＨｕａｎｇＪ，ＭｏＨ，ＷｕＤ，ｅｔａｌ．ＰｈａｓｅＩｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｔｈｅａｎｔｉ⁃ＰＤ⁃１ａｎ⁃ｔｉｂｏｄｙＳＨＲ⁃１２１０ｉｎｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｓｏｌｉｄｔｕｍｏｒｓ［Ｊ］．ＪＣｌｉｎＯｎｃｏｌ，２０１７，３５（１５ｓｕｐｐｌ）：ａ１５５７２．［１０］㊀王㊀锋，秦叔逵，方维佳，等．抗ＰＤ⁃１单抗ＳＨＲ⁃１２１０治疗原发性肝癌引发皮肤毛细血管增生症的临床病理报告［Ｊ］．临床肿瘤学杂志，２０１７，２２（１２）：１０６６－１０７２．［１１］㊀ＦｉｎｌａｙＷＪＪ，ＣｏｌｅｍａｎＪＥ，ＥｄｗａｒｄｓＪＳ，ｅｔａｌ．Ａｎｔｉ⁃ＰＤ１ＳＨＲ⁃１２１０ᶄａｂｅｒｒａｎｔｌｙｔａｒｇｅｔｓｐｒｏ⁃ａｎｇｉｏｇｅｎｉｃｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓａｎｄｔｈｉｓｐｏｌｙｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃｉｔｙｃａｎｂｅａｂｌａｔｅｄｂｙｐａｒａｔｏｐｅｒｅｆｉｎｅｍｅｎｔ［Ｊ］．ＭＡｂｓ，２０１９，１１（１）：２６－４４．［１２］㊀ＸｕＪ，ＺｈａｎｇＹ，ＪｉａＲ，ｅｔａｌ．Ａｎｔｉ⁃ＰＤ⁃１ａｎｔｉｂｏｄｙＳＨＲ⁃１２１０ｃｏｍｂｉｎｅｄｗｉｔｈａｐａｔｉｎｉｂｆｏｒａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｈｅｐａｔｏｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ，ｇａｓｔｒｉｃ，ｏｒｅｓｏｐｈａｇｏｇａｓｔｒｉｃｊｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｃａｎｃｅｒ：Ａｎｏｐｅｎ⁃ｌａｂｅｌ，ｄｏｓｅｅｓｃａｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎｓｔｕｄｙ［Ｊ］．ＣｌｉｎＣａｎｃｅｒＲｅｓ，２０１９，２５（２）：５１５－５２３．收稿日期：２０２０－０３－１７；㊀修回日期：２０２０－０９－１９。
P/N : 1802020003020 *1802020003020*EDS-2005-EL/ELP Series Quick I nst allat ion GuideMoxa Et herDevice Sw it chVersion 1.0, Oct ober 2019Technical Support Contact I nform ationw w w.m /supportMoxa Am ericas:Toll-free: 1-888-669-2872 Tel: 1-714-528-6777 Fax: 1-714-528-6778 Moxa China (Shanghai office): Toll-free: 800-820-5036 Tel: +86-21-5258-9955 Fax: +86-21-5258-5505 Moxa Europe:Tel: +49-89-3 70 03 99-0 Fax: +49-89-3 70 03 99-99 Moxa Asia-Pacific:Tel: +886-2-8919-1230 Fax: +886-2-8919-1231 Moxa I ndia:Tel: +91-80-4172-9088 Fax: +91-80-4132-10452019 Moxa I nc. All rights reserved.OverviewThe EDS-2005-EL/ELP Series has a 5-port com bination to sim plify network expansion. There are two housing types available for the user to select depending on the requirem ents of their application. The ELP has a plastic housing and the EL has a m etal housing. The com pact switches provide a cost-effective solution for your industrial Ethernet connection requirem ents.The EDS-2005-EL/ELP Series provides 12/24/48 VDC (9.6 to 60 VDC) power input, and the switches are available with a standard operating tem perature range from -10 to 60°C. The switches are rugged enough to operate reliably in harsh industrial environm ents.To provide greater versatility for use with applications from different industries, the EDS-2005-EL/ELP Series also allows users to enable or disable broadcast storm protection (BSP), Quality of Service (QoS) function via the DI P switches on the top panel.The EDS-2005-EL/ELP switches can be easily installed with DI N-railm ounting as well as distribution boxes. The DI N-rail m ounting capability and I P40 housing with LED indicators ensure that the plug-and-play EDS-2005-EL/ELP switches are reliable and easy to use.N OTE Throughout this Quick I nstallation Guide, we use EDS as an abbreviation for Moxa EtherDevice Switch:EDS = Moxa EtherDevice Sw itchPackage ChecklistYour EDS is shipped with the following item s. I f any of these item s are m issing or dam aged, please contact your custom er service representative for assistance.•Moxa EtherDevice™ Switch•Quick installation guide (printed)•Warranty cardFeat uresHigh Perform ance Netw ork Sw itching Technology•10/100BaseT(X) auto-negotiation speed, full/half duplex m ode, auto MDI/MDI-X connection.•I EEE 802.3 for 10BaseT, I EEE 802.3u for 100BaseT(X).•I EEE 802.1p for Quality of Service (QoS) traffic prioritized function. •Store-and-forward switching process type.I ndust rial-grade Reliability•Broadcast storm protection to prevent network devices from crashingRugged Design•Operating tem perature range from -10 to 60°C•I P40, rugged high-strength case•DI N-rail or panel m ounting abilityPanel Layout of EDS-2005-EL/EDS-2005-ELP1. Chassis ground screw2. Term inal block for power input3. DI P switch4. Power LED5. 10/100 BaseT(X) Port6. 10/100 BaseT(X) Port LED7. Port num ber8. Model nam eMount ing Dim ensions EDS-2005-EL SeriesEDS-2005-ELP SeriesDI N-rail Mount ingWhen shipped, the DI N-rail m ounting kit is fixed to the back panel of the EDS. Mount the EDS on the corrosion-free m ounting rail that adheres to the EN 60715 standard.Suggested I nstallation MethodSTEP 1:I nsert the upper lip of the DI N-rail kit into the m ounting rail.STEP 2:Press the device towards them ounting rail until it snaps into place. Alternatively, you can use a screwdriver to attach to the bottom of the DI N-rail kit and pull down.Suggested Rem oval Method STEP 1:Pull down the latch on the DI N-rail kit with a screwdriver.STEP 2:Slightly pull the device forward and lift up to rem ove it from the m ounting rail.N OTE1.I f the equipm ent is used in a m anner not specified by the m anufacturer, the protection provided by the equipm ent m ay be im paired.2. The installation and the safety of any system incorporatingthe equipm ent is the responsibility of the assem bler of the system.3. This is an OPEN TYPE m odule and should be installed in asafety enclosure with m echanical rigidity and anappropriate I P rating.W all Mount ing (opt ional)For som e applications, you will find it convenient to m ount EDS on the wall, as illustrated below.There are two options for installation: The first option is to hook the EDS DI N-rail latch on the opening of the wall m ount kit (see picture above) and then m ount the wall-m ount kit on the wall with screws. (The other option is to perform these two steps in the other order.) The heads of the screws should be less than6.0 m m in diam eter, and the shafts should be less than 3.5 m m in diam eter, as shown in the figure at the right.N OTE Before tightening screws into the wall, m ake sure the screwhead and shank size are suitable by inserting the screw into one of the keyhole-shaped apertures of the Wall Mounting Plates.Do not screw the screws in all the way—leave about 2 m m to allowroom for sliding the wall m ount panel between the wall and the screws. Once the screws are fixed in the wall, insert the two screw heads through the large parts of the keyhole-shaped apertures, and then slide EDS downwards, as indicated. Tighten the two screws for added stability.WARN I N GExternal m etal parts are hot. Take necessary precautions if it is necessary to touch.W iring Requirem ent sYou should also pay attention to the following item s:•Use separate paths to route wiring for power and devices. I f power wiring and device wiring paths m ust cross, m ake sure the wires are perpendicular at the intersection point.N OTE: Do not run signal or com m unications wiring and powerwiring in the sam e wire conduit. To avoid interference, wires with different signal characteristics should be routed separately.•You can use the type of signal transm itted through a wire to determ ine which wires should be kept separate. The rule of thum b is that wiring that shares sim ilar electrical characteristics can bebundled together.•Keep input wiring and output wiring separated.•I t is strongly advised that you label wiring to all devices in the system when necessary.Grounding Moxa Et herDevice Sw it chGrounding and wire routing help lim it the effects of noise due to electrom agnetic interference (EMI). Run the ground connection fromthe ground screw to the grounding surface prior to connecting devices.A 4 m m2 conductor m ust be used when a connection to the external grounding screw is utilized.W iring t he Pow er I nputThe top two contacts and the bottom two contacts of the 2 or 3 contact term inal block connector on the EDS’s top panel are used for the EDS’s two DC inputs. Top and front views of one of the term inal block connectors are shown here.STEP 1:I nsert the negative/positive DC wires into the V-/V+ term inals.STEP 2:To keep the DC wires from pulling loose, use a sm all flat-blade screwdriver to tighten the wire-clam p screws on the front of theterm inal block connector.STEP 3:I nsert the plastic term inal block connector prongs into the term inal block receptor, which is located on the EDS’s top panel.N OTE The power source com es from secondary circuits. These circuits are separated from m ains circuits by a transform er in which theprim ary windings are separated from the secondary windingsby reinforced installation, double installation, or a screenconnected to the protective conductor term inal.Com m unicat ion Connect ionsThe EDS-2005-EL/ELP m odels have 10/100BaseT(X) Ethernet ports.10/100BaseT(X) Et hernet Port Connect ionThe 10/100BaseT(X) ports located on the EDS’s front panel are used to connect to Ethernet-enabled devices.Below we show pinouts for both MDI (NI C-type) ports and MDI -X (HUB/Switch-type) ports, and also show cable wiring diagram s for straight-through and cross-over Ethernet cables. 10/100Base T(x) RJ45 Pinout s MDI Port Pinouts MDI -X Port Pinouts 8-pin RJ45Pin Signal 1 Tx+ 2 Tx- 3 Rx+ 6Rx- Pin Signal 1 Rx+ 2 Rx- 3 Tx+6Tx-RJ45 (8-pin) to RJ45 (8-pin) Straight -t hrough Cable W iringRJ45 (8-pin) to RJ45 (8-pin) Cross-over Cable W iringDI P Sw it ch Set t ingsDI P Sw it ch Setting DescriptionQuality of Service (QoS) ON Enable the Quality of Service to handlepacket priorities in four WRR queues.QoS priority m apping m atrix in each queueQoS 3bitpriority7, 65, 43, 21, 0 Queues 3 2 1 0W RR 8 4 2 1 OFF Disable the Quality of Service.Broadcast Storm Protection (BSP) ON Enables broadcast storm protection (at a m axim um of 2048 broadcast packets persecond) for each Ethernet port.OFF Disables the broadcast stormprotection. LED I ndicat orsThe front panel of the Moxa EtherDevice Switch contains several LED indicators. The function of each LED is described in the table below.LED Color State DescriptionPW R (P)Am berOnPower is being supplied to power inputPWR.OffPower is not being supplied to power inputPWR.10M/ 100M GreenOnWhen the port is active and links on 100Mbps.BlinkingWhen the port’s data is being transm ittedat 100 Mbps.Off When the port is inactive or link down. Am berOnWhen the port is active and links on 10Mbps.BlinkingWhen the port’s data is being transm ittedat 10 Mbps.Off When the port is inactive or link down.Aut o MDI/MDI-X Connect ionThe Auto MDI/MDI-X function allows users to connect the EDS’s10/100BaseT(X) ports to any kind of Ethernet device, without paying attention to the type of Ethernet cable being used for the connection. This m eans that you can use either a straight-through cable or cross-over cable to connect the EDS to Ethernet devices.Dual Speed Funct ionalit y and Sw it chingThe EDS’s 10/100 Mbps RJ45 switch port auto negotiates with the connected device for the fastest data transm ission rate supported by both devices. The EDS is a plug-and-play device, so software configuration is not required at installation or during m aintenance.The half/full duplex m ode for the RJ45 switched ports is user dependent and changes (by auto-negotiation) to full or half duplex, depending on which transm ission speed is supported by the attached device.Sw it ching, Filt ering, and Forw ardingEach tim e a packet arrives at one of the switched ports, a decision ism ade to either filter or forward the packet. Packets with source and destination addresses belonging to the sam e port segm ent will be filtered, constraining those packets to one port, and relieving the rest of the network from the need to process them. A packet with a destination address on another port segm ent will be forwarded to the appropriate port, and will not be sent to the other ports where it is not needed. Packets that are used in m aintaining the operation of the network (such as the occasional m ulti-cast packet) are forwarded to all ports. The EDS operates in the store-and-forward switching m ode, which elim inates bad packets and enables peak perform ance to be achieved when there is heavy traffic on the network.Sw it ching and Address LearningThe Moxa EDS has an address table that can hold up to 8,000 node addresses, which m akes it suitable for use with large networks. The address tables are self-learning, so that as nodes are added orrem oved, or m oved from one segm ent to another, EDS autom atically keeps up with new node locations. An address-aging algorithm causes the least-used addresses to be deleted in favor of newer, m ore frequently used addresses. To reset the address buffer, power down the unit and then power it back up.Auto-N egot iat ion and Speed SensingThe EDS’s RJ45 Ethernet ports independently support auto-negotiation for transm ission speeds of 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, with operation according to the I EEE802.3 standard. This m eans that som e nodes could be operating at 10 Mbps, while at the sam e tim e, other nodes are operating at 100 Mbps.When an RJ45 cable is connected, auto-negotiation takes place, and then each tim e a LI NK is enabled. The EDS advertises its capability for using 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, transm ission speeds, with the device atthe other end of the cable expected to advertise sim ilarly. Depending on what type of device is connected, this will result in agreem ent to operate at a speed of 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps.I f an EDS’s RJ45 Ethernet port is connected to a non-negotiating device, it will default to 10 Mbps speed and half-duplex m ode, as required by the I EEE802.3 standard.Specificat ionsTechnologyStandards I EEE 802.3 for 10BaseT,I EEE 802.3u for 100BaseT(X) and 100Base FX,I EEE 802.1p for Class of ServiceFlow Control I EEE 802.3x flow control, back pressure flowcontrolI nt erfaceRJ45 Ports 10/100BaseT(X) auto negotiation speedLED I ndicators PWR, 10M/100MDI P Switch QoS, Broadcast Storm Protection (BSP)Sw it ch PropertiesMAC Table Size 8 KPacket Buffer Size 4 MbitsProcessing Type Store and ForwardPow erI nput Voltage 12-48 VDC inputsI nput Current(m ax.)EDS-2005-EL: 0.104 AConnection Rem ovable 2-contact term inal block for EL Series;Rem ovable 3-contact term inal block for ELP Series Overload CurrentProtectionPresentReverse PolarityProtectionPresentMechanicalCasing I P40 protection, m etal housing for EL Series;plastic housing for ELP SeriesDim ensions (W x H x D) EDS-2005-EL:18 x 81 x 65 m m (0.7 x 3.19 x 2.56 in) EDS-2005-ELP:19 x 81 x 65 m m (0.74 x 3.19 x 2.56 in)Weight EDS-2005-ELP: 56 g (0.12 lb)EDS-2005-EL: 105 g (0.23 lb)I nstallation DI N-rail, Wall Mounting (optional kit)Environm ent al Lim itsNote: For indoor use only.OperatingTem perature-10 to 60°C (32 to 140°F)StorageTem perature-40 to 85°C (-40 to 185°F)Am bient RelativeHum idity5 to 95% (non-condensing)Regulat ory ApprovalsSafety UL 61010-2-201, EN 62368-1(LVD)EMI FCC Part 15B, CI SPR 22, 32 (EN 55032) Class A EMS CI SPR 35 (EN 55035)EN 61000-4-2 (ESD)EN 61000-4-3 (RS)EN 61000-4-4 (EFT)EN 61000-4-5 (Surge)EN 61000-4-6 (CS)EN 61000-4-8 (PFMF)Shock I EC60068-2-27 Free Fall I EC60068-2-32 Vibration I EC60068-2-6 W arrant y 5 yearsAddress of Manufacturer FL. 4, No.135, Lane 235, Baoqiao Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City, Taiwan R.O.C.。
2-595-576-02 (1) Hi-MD S ystem S tereo P ersonal C omponent S ystemInstruction m anual/WarrantyThank y ou f or y our p urchase.Failure t o o bserve s afety p recautions w ithelectrical p roducts m ay r esult i n f ire o r p ersonal i njury.This i nstruction m anual s hows i mportant p recautions a nd h ow t ohandle t he p roduct t o p revent a ccidents. P lease r ead t his i nstructionmanual c arefully a nd u se t he p roduct s afely. A fter r eading, b e s ure t okeep i t i n a p lace w here y ou c an r efer t o i t a t a ny t ime.CMT-AH10©2005 S ony C orporationMeaning o f w arning i ndications The f ollowing i ndications a re used i n t he i nstruction m anual a nd on t he p roduct. P lease r ead t he t ext after f ully u nderstanding t he c ontentsof t he d isplay.Prohibited s ymbolPlease r ead t he n otes o n p ages 6-9 c arefully. C ontains g eneral p roduct precautions.1Turn o ff t hepower 2Unplug t hepower p lug f rom the e lectrical o utlet 3Consult t he s tore o fpurchase o r S ony service c enter f or repairOnce a y ear, c heck t hat t he p ower c ord i s n ot d amaged a nd t hat d ust h as accumulated b etween t he p ower o utlet a nd t he p ower p lug.Symbols t hat i ndicate a ctionsattention s ymbolSony p roducts a re d esigned w ith s afety i n m ind. H owever, a ll e lectrical products a re d angerous a nd m ay c ause p ersonal i njury d ue t o f ire, e lectric shock, e tc., i f u sed i ncorrectly. B e s ure t o o bserve t he f ollowing t o p revent accidents.If y ou n otice a ny m alfunction o r d amage t o t he c abinet, p ower c ord, e tc., immediately c ontact y our r etailer o r S ony s ervice c enter f or r epairs.bFor y our s afetyFailure t o o bserve t he p recautions indicated b y t his s ign m ay r esult i n i njury or d amage t o n earby h ousehold g oods due t o e lectric s hock o r o ther a ccidents.Failure t o o bserve t he p recautions indicated b y t his i ndication m ay r esult i n personal i njury s uch a s d eath o r s eriousinjury d ue t o f ire, e lectric s hock, e tc.2 I ntroductionFailure t o o bserve t he p recautions indicated b y t his i ndication m ay r esult i npersonal i njury s uch a s d eath o r s erious injury d ue t o f ire, e lectric s hock, e xplosion, e tc.If t here i s a s trange s ound o r s mell, if s moke a ppearsBefore u singThis i nstruction m anual e xplains h ow t o u se t he P ersonal C omponent S ystem m ain u nit. T here a reseparate m anuals f or b asic o perations f or c onnecting t o a c omputer a nd d etailed s oftware o perations.Please r efer t o t he f ollowing a nd u se t he n ecessary m anuals.When u sing t his u nitxOperating I nstructions (this d ocument)This m anual d escribes t he o verall o peration o f t his m achine. S ee h ere f ordetails o n o perating t his u nit.zOperations o n t he m ain u nit a nd r emotecontrol T his m anual m ainly d escribes o perations o n t he r emote c ontrol, b ut y ou c analso p erform t he s ame o perations o n t he m ain u nit u sing b uttons w ith t he s ame o rsimilar n ames. P lease a lso r efer t o “Part n ames” (pages 16-21).When c onnecting t his u nit t o acomputerxSoftware I nstallation /Basic O peration G uidesonic s tageExplains h ow t o i nstall t he i ncluded s oftware (SonicStage) a nd b asicoperations.x S onicStage H elp T his i s a nelectronic m anual t hat y ou c an v iew o n y our c omputer s creen. I t i sincluded i n t he i ncluded s oftware S onicStage.It e xplains h ow t o u se S onicStage i n m ore d etail t han t he “Installation/Basic O peration G uide”. A lso, i f y ou h ave a ny p roblems w hile u singSonicStage, p lease s ee h ere.xPersonal A udio C ustomer S upport W ebsite o n t he I nternet.You c an v iew t he l atest s upport i nformation f or t his u nit a nd t he i ncludedSonicStage s oftware. h ttp://www.sony.co.jp/support-pa/Introduction 3warning ................................................. ................. 6 Cautions .................................. ................................. 7 W hat kind o f d iscs c an b e p layed o n t his u nit? ........................... 11 What H i-MD c an d o ! ................. 12 E njoy c reating y our o wn original C Ds.. (14)Connections a nd P reparations ................................ 15 Accessories C onfirm ................................................................ 15 Names o f e ach p art........................................................ ................. 16 C onnections........................................ ........................ 22 Setting t he c lock ........................ (24)Adjusting t he c ontrast o f t he d isplay w indow ......................... ......... 25You c an u se i t e ven i f y ou o nly r ead h ere .. (26)Listening t o t he C D.................................. ................................................ 26 R ecording a n e ntire C D t o a n M D ... ................................. 29 Listening t o t he M D ................................ ................................. 35 Listening t o t he t ape........ ......................................................... 37 t ape R ecording t he e ntire r ecording t o a n M D ................ 39 Listening t o t heradio ................................................39 ................................................ 43 R eRecording t o a n M D (66)Menu o perations (49)table o f c ontents4 I ntroductionSelect a nd r ecord y our f avorite s ongs f rom a C D(Group r ecording) .................. 68 A utomatically a dd track m arks t o s ilences (Track m ark m ode) (69)(Resume p layback) (59)How t o o perate t he m enu ................................ 49(CD-MD p rogram s ynchronized r ecording) 67Recording o nly t he t rack b eing p layed f rom aCD (REC I T r ecording)................................. 66Menu l ist (50)Create a n ew g roup a nd r ecordHow t o r ead t he d isplay w indow (54)Searching f or t he p art y ou w ant t o h ear (search).. 58 Listening f rom w here y ou s toppedEnjoying V arious P layback M odes ............ S earching f or 60 s ongs (Search)Selecting a t rack t o l isten t o (direct s ong s election) ..... 57 Selecting a g roup t o l isten t o (group d irect s ongselection) (58)(For H i-MD a nd M D o nly) (65)CD/MD p layback (54)Data o ther t han m usic d ata o n a d isc Wake u p t o m usic (alarm t imer).... 93Saving (data s torage) (100)Storing a s tation i n m emory .................. 87 L istening t o a stored s tation (Preset t uning).. (88)Assigning a n ame (Title i nput) ......... 71 C reating a g roup (Group s etting) ......... 74 C anceling a g roup(Ungroup ) .................. 75 C hanging t he o rder o f t racks (Move) .......................... 76 D eleting t racks o r g roups (Erase).. . (78)Precautions f or u se ..........................................117 M ain specifications ........ (119)Recording u sing t he t imer (Recordingtimer) .................. 94 S leeping w hile l istening t o m usic ( sleep t imer) .. (96)Listening t o T V, v ideo, e tc (102)Warranty a nd a fter-salesservice ................121Explanation ................................................ ..............Dividing t racks (Divide) bining 80 t racks i ntoone (Combine) ................................ ..... 80 I nitializing adisk (formatting) 81What y ou c an d o b y c onnecting t o a c omputer ..98Connecting t o a c omputer .................................. .. 98Recording o nly t he t rack b eing p layed f rom a C D o r M DChanging t he t ime (Clock s etting) .. 89 T urning o n/off t he backlight o f t he d isplay w indow . 89 S electing t he d isk mode (Disk m ode)... ..................90Selecting t he l anguage of t he d isplay ................................ . (90)Index .................................................. . (125)Listening t o s ound f rom t he c onnected c omputerSwitching t he d isplay m ethod o f t itles e ntered o n a computer (for M D o nly) ......................... 91 L istening with y our p referred s ound q uality ............. .. (91)(USB s peaker f unction) ................................ 99Troubleshooting ...............103 L ist o fMessages ............................ .. (110)Before E diting .................................................. 70Introduction 5Troubleshooting (103)Recording o n t ape (83)Various s ettings (89)MD e diting (70)Connections w ith e xternal d evices (102)Timer (93)Others (117)Radio (87)Using b y c onnecting t o a c omputer (98)(REC I T r ecording – T APE) ................ 83 Recording C Ds a nd M Ds (CD-TAPE p rogram synchronized r ecording) (MD-TAPE p rogram Synchronous r ecording) ................................ 84 R ecording m anually (Manual r ecording - TAPE). .. (85)Failure t o o bserve t he f ollowing p recautionsmay r esult i n d eath o r s erious i njury d ue t o f ire o relectric s hock .Do n ot d rop w ater o r f oreign m atter i ntothe p roduct. I f w ater o r f oreign m atter e nters, i t m ay c ausefire o r e lectric s hock. I f w ater o r f oreign o bjects g et i nto t he u nit,immediately t urn o ff t he p ower s witch, u nplug t he p ower p lug f romthe o utlet, a nd c ontact t he s tore o f p urchase o r S ony s ervice c enter.Do n ot d amage t he p ower c ordDamage t o t he p ower c ord m ay r esult i n f ire o r e lectricshock. •D o n ot p rocess o r d amage. •D o n ot p laceheavy o bjects o n i t o r p ull i t. •K eep a way f rom h eatappliances. D o n ot h eat. •W hen u nplugging t he p owercord, b e s ure t o h old t he p lug.Pull o ut.In t he u nlikely e vent t hat t he p ower c ord b ecomes d amaged, c ontact t hestore o f p urchase o r a S ony s ervice r epresentative f or a r eplacement.Do n ot p lace i n p laces w ith h igh h umidity, d ust, o ily s moke,steam, o r i n d irect s unlight . D oing s o m ay c ause f ire o r e lectricshock. E specially d o n ot u se i t i n t he b athroom.Use a100V A C p owersupply t hat i s n ot u sed o verseas . U sing a d ifferentpower s upply v oltage o verseas m ay r esult i n f ire o relectric s hock.If y ou h ear t hunder, d o n ot t ouch t he p ower p lug, o therwiseyou m ay g et a n e lectric s hock.6 I ntroductionDo n ot t ouch t he p ower p lug w ith w et h ands . I t m aycause a n e lectric s hock.Do n ot b lock t he v entilationholes b y c overing t hem w ith a c loth t hat d oes n ot b lock t heventilation h oles, o r b y p lacing t he p roduct o n a l ong-pile c arpetor f uton, o r p lacing i t c lose t o a w all o r f urniture. O verheatingmay r esult i n f ire o r e lectric s hock.Failure t o o bserve t he f ollowing p recautions m ayresult i n i njury o r d amage t o n earby h ousehold g oods.Doing s o m ay c ausean e lectric s hock i f t he i nternal p arts c annotbe o pened . F or i nternal i nspections a nd r epairs, p leasecontact y our d ealer o r S ony s ervice c enter.When m oving o r n ot u sing f or a l ong t ime, r emove t he p owerplug. M oving t he p roduct w ith t he p ower p lug p lugged i n m aydamage t he p ower c ord, r esulting i n f ire o r e lectric s hock.When g oing o ut o r t raveling f or a l ong t ime, u nplug t he p owerplug f rom t he o utlet f or s afety. L eaving i t p lugged i n m ay c ausea f ire.Introduction 7Failure t o o bserve t he f ollowing p recautions m ayresult i n i njury o r d amage t o n earby h ousehold g oods.Remove t he p ower p lug w hen c leaning t heproduct.Cleaning t he p roduct w ith t he p ower p lugplugged i n m ay r esult i n e lectric s hock.Place t he p roduct i n astable p lace I f y ou p lace t he p roduct o n a w obbly t ableor o n a n i nclined s urface, t he p roduct m ay f all a nd c auseinjury. A lso, c heck t he s trength o f t he l ocation a ndmounting l ocation.Do n ot l isten a t h igh v olume c ontinuously f or a l ongtime L istening a t a l oud v olume t hat s timulates y our e arscontinuously f or a l ong t ime m ay a dversely a ffect y ourhearing. B e e specially c areful w hen l istening w ithheadphones. L isten a t a v olume t hat a llows y ou t o a nswerwhen s omeone c alls y ou.A h and m ay g et c aught i n t he f ront p anel,etc., w hich i s p laced o ut o f r each o f c hildren, r esulting i ninjury. P lease b e c areful n ot t o l et c hildren t ouch i t.Do n ot u se d iscs o ther t han r ound d iscs.Using d iscs w ith s pecial n on-circular s hapes (such a s s tar-shaped, h eart-shaped, c ard-shaped, e tc.) may c ause t he d isc t o f all i nside a nd c ause a m alfunction, o r t he d isc m ay p op o ut d ue t o h igh-speed rotation, r esulting i n i njury. m ay c ause8 I ntroductionSafety P recautions f or B atteries T o a void s erious i njuryor b lindness d ue t o l eakage, e xplosion, o verheating, f ire, o r a ccidental i ngestion, b e s ure t o o bservethe f ollowing.When t he b utton-type b attery l eaksIf t he b utton-type b attery l eaks, d o n ot t ouch i t w ithbare h ands. L iquid m ay r emain i nside t he m ain u nit, s o p lease c ontact t he C ustomer S erviceCenter o r S ony s ervice c enter. I f t he l iquid g ets i nto y our e yes, i t m ay c ause b lindness, s o d o n ot rub y our e yes. I f t he l iquid g ets o n y our b ody o r c lothes, i t m ay c ause b urns o r i njuries. I mmediately wash i t o ff w ith c lean w ater a nd c onsult a d octor i f y ou h ave s ymptoms o f i nflammation o r i njury o n your s kin.About b utton t ype b atteries• S mall b atteries m ay b e s wallowed, s o k eep t hem o ut o f r each o f c hildren. I f s wallowed, c onsult a d octor i mmediately as i t m ay c ause s uffocation o r s tomach p roblems. •I nsert +a nd -c orrectly a ccording t o t he d evice d isplay. •D o n ot charge. •D o n ot p ut i n f ire. D o n ot d isassemble o r h eat. •D o n ot c arry o r s tore t he p roduct t ogether w ith p reciousmetals s uch a s c oins, k eys, n ecklaces, e tc. D o n ot s hort c ircuit. •D o n ot u se b atteries t hat h ave l eaked. •Removeexhausted b atteries. R emove w hen n ot i n u se f or a l ong t ime.About b utton t ype b atteries• D o n ot u se, s tore, o r l eave t he p roduct n ear a f ire, i n d irect s unlight, i n a h ot c ar, o r i n a h ot p lace. •D o n otremove o r d amage t he e xterior v inyl t ube. •D o n ot u se b atteries o ther t han t he s pecified t ype.Introduction9 _About t he i ncluded s oftwaresReproduction o f a ll o r p art o f t he s oftware s upplied w ith t his u nit a nd t he c ontent o f t he i nstruction m anual, a s w ell a s renting o f t he s oftware, a re p rohibited b y c opyright l aw w ithout t he p ermission o f t he c opyright h older.sWe a re n ot r esponsible f or a ny f inancial d amages, l ost p rofits, o r c laims f rom t hird p arties a rising f rom t he u se o f t he software s upplied w ith t his u nit. s I n t he u nlikely e vent t hat t here i s a d efect d ue t o m anufacturing r easons, w e w ill replace i t. O ther r esponsibilityPlease f orgive m e.s T he s oftware s upplied w ith t his m achine c an o nly b e u sed w ith t he s pecified e quipment. s Thespecifications o f t he s oftware s upplied w ith t his u nit a re s ubject t o c hange w ithout n otice f or i mprovement.Please n ote.s O peration i s n ot g uaranteed w hen s oftware t hat i s n ot s upplied w ith t his u nit i s u sed.Program ©2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 S ony C orporationDocumentation ©2005 S ony C orporation• S onicStage a nd i ts l ogo a re t rademarks o f S ony C orporation. •OpenMG, H i-MD, N et M D, A TRAC, A TRAC3, A TRAC3plus a nd t heir l ogos a re t rademarks o f S ony C orporation.Trademark.• M icrosoft , W indows a nd W indows M edia a re t rademarks o f M icrosoft C orporation i n t he U nited S tates a nd o ther c ountries.is a r egistered t rademark o r t rademark i n t he c ountry o f• O ther s ystem n ames a nd p roduct n ames a ppearing i n t his d ocument a re g enerally r egistered t rademarks o r t rademarks o f t heir r espective d evelopers.Note t hat t he ™a nd ®m arks a re n ot s pecified i n t he t ext.Notes o n r ecording• I f t he r ecording c annot b e r e-recorded, b e s ure t o m ake a t rial r ecording b eforehand. •I f r ecordingor d ownloading i s n ot p ossible, o r i f m usic d ata i s d amaged o r d eleted d ue t o a p roblem w ith t his p roduct o r y our c omputer, we w ill n ot c ompensate f or t he c ontent o f t he d ata. •A ccording t o c opyright l aw, y ou c annot u se t he r ecordings y ou have m ade f or a nything o ther t han p ersonal e njoyment w ithout p ermission f rom t he c opyright h older. T he p rice o f t his product i ncludes a p rivate r ecording d eposit d ue t o c opyright r egulations. (Contact: P rivate R ecording D epositManagement A ssociation T el.03-5353-0336)Etiquette w hen l istening t o s tereoWhen l istening t o m usic i n s tereo, p lease l isten a t a v olume t hat w ill n ot d isturb y our n eighbors. E speciallyat n ight, e ven s mall s ounds c an p ass t hrough t he s urroundings. P lease b e c onsiderate o f e ach o ther b yclosing t he w indows a nd u sing h eadphones t o m aintain a c omfortable l iving e nvironment.10 I ntroductioncompact d isc d igital a udioAdaptive T ransform A coustic C oding T hree* A TRAC3plus a nd A TRAC3 a re t rademarks o f S ony C orporation.** D isc f ormatted i n I SO 9660 L evel 1/2 f ormat a nd J oliet E xtended f ormat.ATRAC C Ds:MD: 60/74/80 m inute d isc Hi-MD:Music C D:CDDA f ormat C DDA i s a nabbreviation f or C ompact D isc D igital A udio a nd i s t he standard f or g eneral m usic C Ds.MP3 C D: C D-R/CD-RW d isc o n w hich M P3 f ormat a udio d ata i s r ecorded u sing S onicStage o r o ther software ** M P3 s tands f or M PEG-1 A udio L ayer 3, a nd r ecords a pproximately 10 minutes o f a udio d ata o n a C D. I t i s a n a udio c ompression t echnology t hat c ompresses to 1 o f .SonicStage c annot c reate d iscs w ith m ixed t ypes o f a udio d ata.About D ualDisc T hisproduct i s d esigned o n t he a ssumption t hat i t w ill p lay d iscs c onforming t o t he C ompact D isc (CD) s tandard . In t he u nlikely e vent t hat y ou t ry t o p lay t he m usic s ide o f t he D ualDisc w ith t his p roduct, t he D ualDisc DualDisc c annot b e u sed w ith t his p roduct, a s i t m ay c ause s cratches o n t he D VD s urface t hat m ay c ause problems d uring p layback .About m usic d iscs w ith c opyright p rotectiontechnology T his p roduct i s d esigned f or p laying m usic d iscs c onforming t o t he C ompact D isc (CD) s tandard. Recently, s ome r ecord c ompanies s ell m usic d iscs e quipped w ith t echnology f or c opyright p rotection, b ut some o f t hese d iscs d o n ot c onform t o t he C D s tandard a nd c annot b e p layed o n t his p roduct. T here a re c ases.ATRAC3, w hich s tands f or A daptive T ransform A coustic C oding3, i s a n a udio c ompression t echnology that a chieves b oth h igh s ound q uality a nd h igh c ompression. A TRAC3plus i s a n a udio c ompression technology t hat f urther d evelops A TRAC3 a nd c ompresses a udio d ata t o a pproximately 1/20th t hat o f a C D (when t he b it r ate i s 64 k bps).Introduction 11What d iscs c an b e p layed o n t his u nit?Atrac T hree P lus A trac T hree CD-R/CD-RW d isc** o n w hich a udio d ata i n A TRAC3plus* o r ATRAC3* f ormat h as b een r ecorded u sing S onicStageHi-MD s tandard 1GB d iskAudio c ompression t echnology t hatachieves b oth h igh s ound q uality a nd h igh c ompressionRecording m ethod w ith t hesame s ound q uality a s a C D w ithout d igital c ompressionRecording t ime p er d isc1)1GB d isk1) W hen t ransferring m usic d ata f rom a c omputer2) I n t he c ase o f a bout 60 m inutes p er C D"Hi-MD" i s a n ew s tandard e volved f rom c onventional M D.With c onventional M D s ystem s tereo …… R ecording/playback w ith A TRAC/ATRAC312 I ntroductionCapacity d oubled (approximately 13 C Ds 2))about 45 h oursAbout 13.5 h ours f or a n 80 m inute d isc(Approx. 45 C Ds 2))ATRAC3plusLinear P CMYou c an d o t his w ith H i-MD!(ATRAC3plus/48kbps)Putting a l ot o f m usic d ata o n o ne d iscA m aximum o f 45 h ours o f r ecording i s p ossible o n a 1GB d isc d edicated t o t he H i-MD s tandard.C onventional 60/74/80 m inute d iscs c an a lso b e r ecorded w ith a pproximately d ouble t he r ecording d ensity. A l arge a mount of m usic d ata c an b e s tored o n a s ingle d isc , m aking i t c onvenient t o c arry a round.Up t o a bout 5 h ours a nd 20 m inutes o f r ecording t ime o n an 80 m inute d isc W ith a c onventional M D s ystem s tereo …… b etween (when r ecorded i n M DLP L P4 m ode)Enjoy h igh-quality s ound r ecording a ndplayback L inear P CM a nd A TRAC3plus t echnology a llow y ou t o e njoy h igh-quality sound r ecording a nd p layback.Records d ocument a nd i mage d ata i n a ddition t o m usic d ataSonicStageSonicStage Introduction 13Conventional 60/74/80 m inute d iscs c an a lso b e u sed.You c an s ave d ata o n y our c omputer t o a d isk w ith a s imple d rag-and-drop o peration.Two-way d ata t ransfer w ith a c omputer I n a ddition t o b eingable t o t ransfer m usic f rom a c omputer a t h igh s peed u sing t he i ncluded S onicStagesoftware, m usic r ecorded w ith S oundGate c an a lso b e t ransferred t o a c omputer a nd managed.Music d ata D ocument d ataManaging r ecorded m usic o n a c omputerbring o ut t he m usicStill i mage d ata V ideo d ataUse S onicStage t o w rite t o a C D-R/CD-RW d isc .You c an e asily e njoy o riginal C Dscontaining m any s ongs t hat y ou c an l isten t o o n t hisunit's C D p layer .Installing S onicStage o n y our c omputer S onicStage i s software t hat a llows y ou t o i mport m usic f rom m usic CDs a nd t he I nternet t o y our c omputer a nd c reate y our own o riginal C Ds. I nstall f rom t he a ttached C D-ROM .musicCD m usic f ileMusic C D ,the i nternetFor i nstructions o n h ow t o i nstall S onicStage a nd h ow t o c reate a n o riginal C D, r efer t o t he i ncluded “Software I nstallation /Basic O peration G uide”.14 I ntroductionEnjoy c reating y our o wn o riginal C DThis c onversion i s b ased o n a 700MB C D-R/CD-RW d isc w ith a pproximately 60 m inutes o f m usic C D r ecorded a t ATRAC3plus a t 48kbps .*Make a n o riginal C D S elect y ourfavorite s ongs f rom t he m usic y ou h ave i mported t o y our c omputermegabyteATRAC C Ds,In a ddition t o n ormal m usic C Ds, t his u nit c an p lay b ack o riginal C Ds (called A TRAC C Ds, M P3 CDs) c reated o n a c omputer u sing t he i ncluded S onicStage s oftware . U sing S onicStage , f or example, y ou c an r ecord a pproximately 30 m usic C Ds* w orth o f m usic i n A TRAC f ormat o nto a single C D-R o r C D-RW . T he f low o f l istening t o t he m usic o n t he o riginal C D i s a s f ollows.MP3 C Ds- A M l oop a ntenna•CD-ROM (SonicStage) •CMT-AH10 I nstruction M anual/Warranty •Software I nstallation/Basic O peration G uide •Customer R egistration I nformation •Sony C ustomer Service I nformation- F M a ntenna•Remote c ontrolcheck t he a ccessories15Connection a nd P re• D edicated U SB c ableNoteWhen c onnecting t his u nit t o a c omputer f or t he f irst t ime, b e s ure t o u se t he s upplied C D-ROM t o install t he s oftware "SonicStage" b efore c onnecting.bodyqa d isplay w indowfrontqs r emote c ontrol r eceiverHigh-speed s ynchronized r ecording f rom CD t o M D (32, 66, 67).back f ace9 T APE R EC b uttonManual r ecording t o t ape (86).qd M Du (play/pause) b utton qg i j ack Connect h eadphones (sold s eparately).qf C Du (play/pause) b utton1 C D Z b utton4 I /1 (power) s witch 7Opens a nd c loses t he C D s lot.35 C assette L id 2 M D Z b uttonInformationis b eing r ead w hile t he B USY l amp i s l it or b linking.Opens/closes t he M D s lot.06qh See t he p age i n ( ) f or a d etailed e xplanation.8 M D R EC b uttonVOLUME +*, – b uttonsHIGH S PEED R EC b uttonManually r ecord t o M D (47).Switches b etween “TUNER” a nd “LINE”.Used t o s et M D r ecording m ode, M Dgroup r ecording, a nd t rack m ark m ode (31, 40, 46, 68, 69).FUNCTION b uttonUsed t o s witch s oundsources. “MD”, “CD”, “TAPE”,REC M ODE b uttonName o f e ach p artbusyrecordingrecording m odevolumehigh s peed r ecording functiontape r ecording16 C onnection a nd p reparationTUNE +/-: T unes i n r adio r eception (43, 87).wg S PEAKER O UT (POWER I N) j acks Supply p ower f rom t he i ncluded s peakers (22, 23).w; P ress t he T UNERBAND b utton t o a utomatically t urn o n the r adio . S witch t o F M o r A M.., > (AMS): J umps t o t he b eginning o f a CD o r M D t rack (27, 36).Continued o n n ext p age*The V OLUME + b utton h as a c onvex p oint (projection). P lease u se i t a s a m ark f or o peration.wh L INE I Nterminal C onnect a d evice s uch a s a T V o r VCR (46, 86, 102).TAPEY (playback) b utton Press a nd h old t he b utton d uring M D/CD playback o r p ause t o s earch f or a d esired point i n t he s ong (58).wj U SB p ort U sethe d edicated U SB c onnection c able s upplied w ith the c amera t o c onnect t o a c omputer (98).wk A M E XT A NT (external a ntenna) t erminalwf C ANCEL b utton C ancels t heselected i tem (49).wd E NTER b utton C onfirmsthe s elected i tem (49).qj P C M ODE b uttonUsed w hen c onnecting t o a c omputer (99).Call u p t he t uner's p reset s tations (88).qk x (stop) b uttonwl F M E XT A NT (external a ntenna) t erminalwa J og d ial S electsmenu i tems, s ongs, a nd g roups (49, 57, 58 to 60, 65).ql ws m /M •TUNE +/- •./> b utton m , M (search):Fast f orward/ r everse t he t ape (38).volumepower i nenterline i ntuner b andCanceltunespeaker o uttapeConnection a nd P re17recordingsynchro1 p lay m ode d isplay (60)9 S YNC d isplayAppears w hen r ecording t o M D o r t ape.Appears w hen s ynchronized r ecording t o M D o r T APE (32, 41, 66, 67, 83, 84).5 -character i nformation d isplay6 D irection m ode d isplay D isplays h owthe t ape r uns (38, 40, 83 t o 85).q; T imer r unning d isplayDisplayed w hen t he t imer i s s et (94, 96).2 C D d isc d isplay A b lackcircle r otates d uring p layback.7 t ape r unning d isplay (37, 38, 83-86)3 M D d isc d isplay A b lackcircle r otates d uring p layback a nd r ecording.8Recording /playback m ode d isplay4 T ape d isplay Ablack c ircle r otates d uring p layback a nd r ecording.During M D r ecording, t he s elected m ode i s d isplayed (31, 40, 46). T he r ecorded m ode i s d isplayed d uring playback (31). W hile s topped, t he m ode i n w hich t he MD w as r ecorded j ust b efore i s d isplayed.display w indowqaPart n ames (continued)REC d isplay18 C onnection a nd p reparation。
