下载文档原格式
贴片高压瓷片电容
解析：
贴片高压瓷片电容是一种电子元件，其特点是具有高耐压、高绝缘电阻、低介质损耗等优点，常用于高压、高频、大容量等场合。
贴片高压瓷片电容的容量一般较小，常见容量在1--1000pF之间，电压范围在1000V--3000V。
贴片高压电容又名陶瓷多层片式电容器，是一种用陶瓷粉生产技术，内部为贵金属钯金，用高温烧结法将银镀在陶瓷上作为电极制成。
产品分为高频瓷介NPO和低频瓷介X7R两种材质。
NPO具有小的封装体积，高耐温度系数的电容，高频性能好，用于高稳定振荡回路中，作为电路滤波电容。
X7R瓷介电容器限于在工作普通频率的回路中作旁路或隔直流用，或对稳定性和损耗要求不高的场合,这种电容器不宜使用在交流（AC）击穿，所以不建议使用在交流电路中。
陶瓷电容器基础知识简介陶瓷电容器使用要点大全谈论起陶瓷电容器，我们会想到电子元件器工业。
电子元件器工业在在20世纪出现并得到飞速发展，使得整个世界和人们的工作、生活习惯发生了翻天覆地的变化。
继电器、二极管、电容器、传感器等产品的出现，给我们的生活带来了极大地便利。
而电容器，顾名思义，是‘装电的容器’，是一种容纳电荷的器件。
英文名称：capacitor。
电容是电子设备中大量使用的电子元件之一，广泛应用于隔直，耦合，旁路，滤波，调谐回路，能量转换，控制电路等方面。
文章开篇所提到的陶瓷电容器（ceramiccapacitor；ceramiccondenser）就是用陶瓷作为电介质，在陶瓷基体两面喷涂银层，然后经低温烧成银质薄膜作极板而制成。
它的外形以片式居多，也有管形、圆形等形状。
一、陶瓷电容器基础知识简介1、陶瓷电容器是用高介电常数的电容器陶瓷〈钛酸钡一氧化钛〉挤压成圆管、圆片或圆盘作为介质，并用烧渗法将银镀在陶瓷上作为电极制成。
它又分高频瓷介和低频瓷介两种。
具有小的正电容温度系数的电容器，用于高稳定振荡回路中，作为回路电容器及垫整电容器。
低频瓷介电容器限于在工作频率较低的回路中作旁路或隔直流用，或对稳定性和损耗要求不高的场合〈包括高频在内〉。
这种电容器不宜使用在脉冲电路中，因为它们易于被脉冲电压击穿。
高频瓷介电容器适用于高频电路。
2、陶瓷电容器又分为高频瓷介电容器和低频瓷介电容器两种。
具有小的正电容温度系数的电容器，用于高稳定振荡电路中，作为回路电容器。
低频瓷介电容器用在对稳定性和损耗要求不高的场合或工作频率较低的回路中起旁路或隔直流作用，它易被脉冲电压击穿，故不能使用在脉冲电路中。
高频瓷介电容器适用于高频电路。
3、陶瓷电容器有四种材质分类：这四种是：Y5V，X5R，X7R，NPO(COG)。
那么这些材质代表什么意思呢？第一位表示低温，第二位表示高温，第三位表示偏差。
Y5V表示工作在-30~+85度，整个温度范围内偏差-82%~+22%X5R表示工作在-55~+85度，整个温度范围内偏差正负15%X7R表示工作在-55~+125度，整个温度范围内偏差正负15%NPO（COG）是温度特性最稳定的电容器，电容温漂很小，整个温度范围容量很稳定，温度也是-55~125度，适用于振荡器，超高频滤波去耦，但容量一般做不大。
Vacuum Capacitors Introduction1. PreambleOur company has a 30 years experience in manufacturing vacuum capacitors since the former company began in 1970s.We are making about 70 models vacuum capacitors. We have the ability for developing, trial manufacturing and mass-producing.2. How to identify the Vacuum Capacitors2.1 What is vacuum capacitorJust as its name implies, vacuum capacitor is a capacitor with vacuum medium. The plates of the capacitor,which is sealedin a high vacuum container, are series concentric cylinders made by High conductive oxygen free copper. As the cylindersare shaped by series precise mold, vacuum capacitors have reliable performance and hardly bring out arc and electriccorona.2.2. Classification of Vacuum capacitors2.3 How to show the capacitor modelAccording to Chinese standard, the type of vacuum capacitor should be named after the first letter (capital) of the Chinese pronunciation except capacitor, which is denoted by "C". such as vacuum ceramic capacitor:Vacuum ceramiccapacitors Fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors General fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors Adjustable fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors Variable vacuum ceramic capacitors Convection cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitorsAir cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitorsWater cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitorsBy now, adjustable fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors and air cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitors haven't been made by Chinese company. As China is just on beginning of making water cooling vacuum ceramic capacitors, there is not Chinese standard for the name, we just similarly named the capacitors as the original standard.3. Performance and application of vacuum3.1 Vacuum capacitors are widely used in:z Broadcast communication equipmentVacuum capacitors are used in medium wave, shortwave and ultra shortwave transmitters, act as the tuning, coupling, wave sieving, counteracting component.z Plasma deposition and etching equipment for semiconductor manufacturing.z High frequency industrial equipment for high frequency heating and brazing.z Medical instruments. Medical analysis instruments and treatment instrumentsz High-energy physics. High-energy particle accelerator.z Power equipment. Medium waste test equipment.3.2 Performance of vacuum capacitorsVacuum capacitors have higher withstanding voltage, smaller volume, lower loss and more reliable performance than capacitors with other medium. The particular performance includes the following:Rated voltage-Due to the excellent insulation of vacuum and the dustproof and moistureproof performance, vacuum capacitors have high rated voltage when the dimension and the volume are certain. It can achieve hundreds thousands of voltage.Small loss and high rated current-As vacuum capacitors are made with vacuum medium, low loss ceramic shell and oxygen-free copper plate, it can carry large RF current under general convection cooling, even the frequency is very high. The carrying RF current can achieve thousands of amperes.Save space-to a certain capacitance and rated voltage, vacuum capacitors need smallest space.Wide capacitance range-the ratio of the biggest capacitance to the smallest achieve 150:1, from several pf to thousands of pf, it is an ideal component for wide range tuning.self cured ability for excessive voltage-Vacuum capacitor can withstand instantaneous excessive voltage, which will permanently damage other sort of capacitors.Work in high altitude-vacuum airproof allow vacuum capacitor to work in high altitude without performance decrease.4. Structure of vacuum capacitorsVacuum ceramic capacitors can be separated into two types by the structure.z The plates of the capacitor are fixed, as drawing A, is fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors.z One plate of the capacitor is moveable, as drawing B, is variable vacuum ceramic capacitors.5. Technical parameter of vacuum capacitors1. Top work temperatureTop work temperature of capacitors: 120 °C2. Cooling modeConvection cooling if no special request3. InstallationNo special request.4. Temperature quotietyNo more than 100X10-65. Turning direction for enlarging capacitance of variable capacitorsCounter-clockwise6. CollisionPeak acceleration: 100m /s 2 Pulse duration 16ms; collision times :100007. VibrationVibration direction: determined by the product specification. Frequency range: 5~55Hz.Swing: 20m / s 2 or determined by the product specification. Duration: determined by the product specification.6. Primary technical parameters of vacuum capacitors1. capacitancefixed capacitor: the tolerance is ± 5% when the capacitance is more than 50 pF, the tolerance is ± 10% when the capacitance is 5 to 50 pF.2. peak test voltagePeak test voltage is the maximum voltage (50/60Hz), a capacitor can withstand for one minutes without causing internal or external arcing, through which shows the general condition of a capacitor.3. peak RF working voltage:This is the maximum peak RF voltage that can be continuously applied to a capacitor without reducing the capability of withstanding instantaneous excessive voltage. Usually RF working voltage corresponds to 60%~70% of the peak test voltage, which is the recommend safe data for your selecting capacitors.4. Maximum RF currentMaximum RF current is the RF current permitted to flow the capacitor at working voltage, maximum capacitance and a certain frequency.5. Medium wasteThe medium waste should be than 10x10-4 ,or less6. DC leakage currentDC leakage current is no more than 15uA.7. Turning torque (for variable capacitor)Turning torque should accord with the product specification.7. Cooling method for vacuum capacitorsDifferent cooling methods permit different RF current, there are three types of cooling method:z Convection coolingz Air coolingz Water cooling8. Storage of vacuum capacitorsz Vacuum capacitors should be stored in a vertical position, in a clean, dry place.z Capacitors should take high voltage processing to maintain the voltage hold-off capability when a capacitor is stored more than 3 months.z High voltage processing of water-cooling capacitors should be sure of no water in capacitors.9. Shipping of vacuum capacitorsFor shipping, use the original package whenever possible. Variable capacitors must be kept at minimum capacitance and turn back the turning screw 3~4 cycles.10. Testing of vacuum capacitorsz For AC testing, the AC power should be 50/60Hz, capacitors' ceramic must be free from any vapor, oil or other contaminator to void external breakdown, and variable capacitors should be set to maximum capacitance. Test voltage is the peak working voltage.z For DC testing, capacitors' ceramic must be free from any vapor, oil or other contaminator to void external breakdown, and variable capacitors should be set to maximum capacitance. DC testing is permitted only after capacitors passed AC testing. Test voltage is the peak working voltage. Caution: After DC testing, the capacitor must be completely discharged before next operation. There will bring out some load current after DC testing, it is dangerous.11. Installation of vacuum capacitorsz Before installation, capacitors parameters should get the requirement and be clean.z Cooling method for vacuum capacitor is determined by applied RF current of the capacitor.z One end of capacitor must be connected by soft, short and wide copper strip.z During installation, capacitors should avoid twisting or bending force to prevent distortion of the seal part that connects ceramic and metal.12. Maintenancez Under normal operating conditions, the capacitors do not need much maintenance. They should be free from dust and kept in dry environment. The unglazed ceramic envelope can be cleaned with detergent and clean water.z The lead screw should be periodically lubricated with oil or special grease.Update 2009-9-18 | Copyright © 2009 KunSan GuoLi Vacuum Electric Co.,Ltd | Tel:86-0512-******** | E_mail:info@ | ICP：05019556陶瓷高压真空电容器(Vacuum Capacitors)产品介绍一．前言我们公司前身于 70 年代从零开始试制真空电容器至今，已走过 30 多个年头。
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高压陶瓷电容、简介：高压陶瓷电容器，即使用在电力系统中的高压陶瓷电容器，一般如电力系统的计量，储能，分压等产品中，都会用到高压陶瓷电容器。
高压陶瓷电容在LED灯行业已有广泛的应用和不轻的地位，高压陶瓷电容是用高介电常数的电容器陶瓷〈钛酸钡一氧化钛〉挤压成圆管、圆片或圆盘作为介质，并用烧渗法将银镀在陶瓷上作为电极制成。
高压陶瓷电容、作用：高压陶瓷电容具有耐磨直流高压的特点，适用于高压旁路和耦合电路中，其中的低耗损高压圆片具有较低的介质损耗，特别适合在电视接收机和扫描等电路中使用。
高压瓷片电容只要针对于高频，高压瓷片电容取决于使用在什么场合，典型作用可以消除高频干扰。
在大功率、高压领域使用的高压陶瓷电容器，要求具有小型、高耐压和频率特性好等特点。
近年来随着材料、电极和制造技术的进步，高压陶瓷电容器的发展有长足的进展，并取得广泛应用。
高压陶瓷电容器已成为大功率高压电子产品不可缺少的元件之一。
高压陶瓷电容器的用途主要分为送电、配电系统的电力设备和处理脉冲能量的设备。
因为电力系统的特殊性：交流电压高，高频，处于室外环境中(-40度到+60度)，雷击电压/电流大，等等各种因素，造成了高压陶瓷电容器在研发和生产中一直处于困境:环境的恶劣，要求电容具有超强的稳定性，即变化率要小；同时，计量，储能，分压等产品要求高精密度，这对处于这种环境下的高压陶瓷电容器的局放，即局部放电量有着极为苛刻的要求：局放为零。
高压陶瓷电容、优点：1.容量损耗随温度频率具高稳定性2.特殊的串联结构适合于高电压极长期工作可靠性3.高电流爬升速率并适用于大电流回路无感型结构.高压陶瓷电容、差别：·高压陶瓷电容和高压瓷片电容的特点对比：高压陶瓷电容的特点1.不需要认证2.超高压可以达到7KV在高就罕见了，3.打印方式和Y电容比不用把各国认证打在产品表面，4电压最低可以到16V5，耐压最高2.5倍一般生产是1.5倍的标准测A型材料的交流击穿电压特性外面用环氧树脂模压包封的陶瓷电容器的击穿电压厂。
RM---型陶瓷高压放电管RM---型陶瓷高压放电管是一种新型电真空器件，它是两电极快速高压电子开关管。
主要用于真空开关(真空断路器和真空接触器)操作过电压和雷电过电压保护。
保护高压电动机，电力变压器，电力电容器等免遭过电压击穿损坏。
一工作原理：在正常情况下，过电压低于放电管放电值时，放电管两电极处于断开状态，电极间具有很高的绝缘性能。
当过电压高于放电管放电值时，放电管两电极之间快速(数微秒）击穿，且以很低的内阻通过大的脉冲电流。
脉冲电流峰值大小决定于外部电路的储能和雷电波瞬时的峰值能量。
用放电管吸收过电压，当过电压作用于放电管时，放电管导通，于是过电压的峰值能量快速通过放电管接地释放，从而可靠地保护了高压电器和设备免遭损坏。
过电压波峰通过后，电流随即下降，放电管内两电极间绝缘性能又快速(数微秒）恢复，放电管两电极又处于原来的断开状态。
二性能特点： 1 体积小，承受过电压高，陶瓷高压放电管的放电电压与放电管内两电极的间距，电极形状，电极材料，电极间气体成分和压力等有关。
高压放电管的击穿电压对过电压的上升速率十分敏感，过电压越高，过电压上升速率越快，击穿时间越快。
如RM-6型陶瓷高压放电管，在冲击放电波形1.2/50us下：冲击电压等于30.7KV时，击穿时间0.99us；冲击电压等于27KV时，击穿时间1.5us；冲击电压等于20KV，击穿时间17us。
（详见92年西安交大高压试验室测试报告中伏秒特性曲线）。
2 陶瓷高压放电管能承受很大的冲击电流，瞬时耐冲击电流大(大于10KA)。
陶瓷高压放电管的耐冲击电流能力与电极间气体成分和压力有关，与放电管的管径有关，管径越大，耐冲击电流越大。
3 不放电时直流高压漏电流极小(漏电流小于30微安)（详见92年西安国家高压电器测验中心测试报告）。
4 工作时放电管不发热，特别适用于真空开关操作过电压和雷电过电压保护。
5 无极性（极性不明显），无残压，无杂音，过电压能量快速在陶瓷放电管内击穿,通过放电管接地释放，适用于易燃，易爆恶劣环境。
Vacuum Capacitors Introduction1. PreambleOur company has a 30 years experience in manufacturing vacuum capacitors since the former company began in 1970s.We are making about 70 models vacuum capacitors. We have the ability for developing, trial manufacturing and mass-producing.2. How to identify the Vacuum Capacitors2.1 What is vacuum capacitorJust as its name implies, vacuum capacitor is a capacitor with vacuum medium. The plates of the capacitor,which is sealedin a high vacuum container, are series concentric cylinders made by High conductive oxygen free copper. As the cylindersare shaped by series precise mold, vacuum capacitors have reliable performance and hardly bring out arc and electriccorona.2.2. Classification of Vacuum capacitors2.3 How to show the capacitor modelAccording to Chinese standard, the type of vacuum capacitor should be named after the first letter (capital) of the Chinese pronunciation except capacitor, which is denoted by "C". such as vacuum ceramic capacitor:Vacuum ceramiccapacitors Fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors General fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors Adjustable fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors Variable vacuum ceramic capacitors Convection cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitorsAir cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitorsWater cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitorsBy now, adjustable fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors and air cooling variable vacuum ceramic capacitors haven't been made by Chinese company. As China is just on beginning of making water cooling vacuum ceramic capacitors, there is not Chinese standard for the name, we just similarly named the capacitors as the original standard.3. Performance and application of vacuum3.1 Vacuum capacitors are widely used in:z Broadcast communication equipmentVacuum capacitors are used in medium wave, shortwave and ultra shortwave transmitters, act as the tuning, coupling, wave sieving, counteracting component.z Plasma deposition and etching equipment for semiconductor manufacturing.z High frequency industrial equipment for high frequency heating and brazing.z Medical instruments. Medical analysis instruments and treatment instrumentsz High-energy physics. High-energy particle accelerator.z Power equipment. Medium waste test equipment.3.2 Performance of vacuum capacitorsVacuum capacitors have higher withstanding voltage, smaller volume, lower loss and more reliable performance than capacitors with other medium. The particular performance includes the following:Rated voltage-Due to the excellent insulation of vacuum and the dustproof and moistureproof performance, vacuum capacitors have high rated voltage when the dimension and the volume are certain. It can achieve hundreds thousands of voltage.Small loss and high rated current-As vacuum capacitors are made with vacuum medium, low loss ceramic shell and oxygen-free copper plate, it can carry large RF current under general convection cooling, even the frequency is very high. The carrying RF current can achieve thousands of amperes.Save space-to a certain capacitance and rated voltage, vacuum capacitors need smallest space.Wide capacitance range-the ratio of the biggest capacitance to the smallest achieve 150:1, from several pf to thousands of pf, it is an ideal component for wide range tuning.self cured ability for excessive voltage-Vacuum capacitor can withstand instantaneous excessive voltage, which will permanently damage other sort of capacitors.Work in high altitude-vacuum airproof allow vacuum capacitor to work in high altitude without performance decrease.4. Structure of vacuum capacitorsVacuum ceramic capacitors can be separated into two types by the structure.z The plates of the capacitor are fixed, as drawing A, is fixed vacuum ceramic capacitors.z One plate of the capacitor is moveable, as drawing B, is variable vacuum ceramic capacitors.5. Technical parameter of vacuum capacitors1. Top work temperatureTop work temperature of capacitors: 120 °C2. Cooling modeConvection cooling if no special request3. InstallationNo special request.4. Temperature quotietyNo more than 100X10-65. Turning direction for enlarging capacitance of variable capacitorsCounter-clockwise6. CollisionPeak acceleration: 100m /s 2 Pulse duration 16ms; collision times :100007. VibrationVibration direction: determined by the product specification. Frequency range: 5~55Hz.Swing: 20m / s 2 or determined by the product specification. Duration: determined by the product specification.6. Primary technical parameters of vacuum capacitors1. capacitancefixed capacitor: the tolerance is ± 5% when the capacitance is more than 50 pF, the tolerance is ± 10% when the capacitance is 5 to 50 pF.2. peak test voltagePeak test voltage is the maximum voltage (50/60Hz), a capacitor can withstand for one minutes without causing internal or external arcing, through which shows the general condition of a capacitor.3. peak RF working voltage:This is the maximum peak RF voltage that can be continuously applied to a capacitor without reducing the capability of withstanding instantaneous excessive voltage. Usually RF working voltage corresponds to 60%~70% of the peak test voltage, which is the recommend safe data for your selecting capacitors.4. Maximum RF currentMaximum RF current is the RF current permitted to flow the capacitor at working voltage, maximum capacitance and a certain frequency.5. Medium wasteThe medium waste should be than 10x10-4 ,or less6. DC leakage currentDC leakage current is no more than 15uA.7. Turning torque (for variable capacitor)Turning torque should accord with the product specification.7. Cooling method for vacuum capacitorsDifferent cooling methods permit different RF current, there are three types of cooling method:z Convection coolingz Air coolingz Water cooling8. Storage of vacuum capacitorsz Vacuum capacitors should be stored in a vertical position, in a clean, dry place.z Capacitors should take high voltage processing to maintain the voltage hold-off capability when a capacitor is stored more than 3 months.z High voltage processing of water-cooling capacitors should be sure of no water in capacitors.9. Shipping of vacuum capacitorsFor shipping, use the original package whenever possible. Variable capacitors must be kept at minimum capacitance and turn back the turning screw 3~4 cycles.10. Testing of vacuum capacitorsz For AC testing, the AC power should be 50/60Hz, capacitors' ceramic must be free from any vapor, oil or other contaminator to void external breakdown, and variable capacitors should be set to maximum capacitance. Test voltage is the peak working voltage.z For DC testing, capacitors' ceramic must be free from any vapor, oil or other contaminator to void external breakdown, and variable capacitors should be set to maximum capacitance. DC testing is permitted only after capacitors passed AC testing. Test voltage is the peak working voltage. Caution: After DC testing, the capacitor must be completely discharged before next operation. There will bring out some load current after DC testing, it is dangerous.11. Installation of vacuum capacitorsz Before installation, capacitors parameters should get the requirement and be clean.z Cooling method for vacuum capacitor is determined by applied RF current of the capacitor.z One end of capacitor must be connected by soft, short and wide copper strip.z During installation, capacitors should avoid twisting or bending force to prevent distortion of the seal part that connects ceramic and metal.12. Maintenancez Under normal operating conditions, the capacitors do not need much maintenance. They should be free from dust and kept in dry environment. The unglazed ceramic envelope can be cleaned with detergent and clean water.z The lead screw should be periodically lubricated with oil or special grease.Update 2009-9-18 | Copyright © 2009 KunSan GuoLi Vacuum Electric Co.,Ltd | Tel:86-0512-******** | E_mail:info@ | ICP：05019556陶瓷高压真空电容器(Vacuum Capacitors)产品介绍一．前言我们公司前身于 70 年代从零开始试制真空电容器至今，已走过 30 多个年头。
