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The difference of friendship conceptions between Chinese and AmericansNowadays, more and more Chinese students and visiting scholars, immigrants go to the United States for further study, teachingor work.In this context, we inevitably want to make friends with people in the United States, to understand their culture.So the understanding of the differences of friendship between Chinese and Americans can make their own quickly into the local culture.1the persistence of the friendshipIn China, friendship is strong, stable or even alifetime.While American friendship tend to be short, unstable and affected.In the eyes of the Chinese real friendship is to be able to withstand any test, and lasts a lifetime.And American society is one of the world's most mobile country, the liquidity makes Americans relationships relatively weak.So in the United States between friends if you don't meet not contact for a period of time, their friendship will soon wither and die.In addition, in the eyes of the United States, the concept of friendship may be broader, they will have friends at work, leisure vacation friend, and even a special friend.Somaybe at first time you get along with the American people will think he is very friendly ,but if you think he has treated you as a friend, you will be disappointed.Nice does not mean friendship, true friendship takes time and dedication, and this is what many Americans lack.2 Intimacy between friendsIn China, if two people are friends, it must be very familiar with between two people.They know each other’s family background, , interests, and even their own private life.In China the more two friends know each other's private affairs, two people seem more intimate.And this would have been unthinkable in the United States people's eyes, such behavior is regarded as impolite.We mentioned in the above American liquidity so doomed their friendship is relatively flat, seems to mean to keep a certain distance between friends, even if the good friend will not inquire about their privacy, not as the prerequisite of the become good friends.MostAmericans believe that friendship needs distance,so their money is relatively more clear,they concentrate on individual, equality and independence, and not too face-saving.3 the purpose of datingMaking friends itself is purpose in China, few people from the start to get benefits and benefit from each other.Chinese friends often based on a like-minded, have a common language, the purpose of making friends is relatively pure.In the United States, pragmatism is the unique beliefs, they think useful is ok, no use is not good.Such pragmatism naturally reflected in American.4 AdviceAccording to the friendship conception of Americans,we Chinese have to make change if we want to integrated into the American society.Followings are advice:1Don’t try to ask about Americans’private information.2Don’t demond too high to your American friend,they are usually individual and independent.3Try to show your value to your friends,and you will be popular.。
Trade War•唐纳德特朗普是美国商人、电视真人秀、政客、总统。
Donald trump is an American businessman, reality TV show, politician and President.•在商人期间，特朗普建造了办公大楼、酒店、娱乐、高尔夫球场和世界各地其他有名的建筑。
During his time as a businessman, trump built office buildings, hotels, entertainment, golf courses and other famous buildings around the world.•特朗普的精神问题有以下几点，推特治国、退出TTP、巴黎气候协定、伊核协议、联合国教科文组织等等。
Trump's spiritual problems include the rule of twitter, the withdrawal of the TTP, the Paris climate agreement, the Iranian nuclear agreement, UNESCO and others.•他的他经常性侵犯女性，以至于她们现在纷纷来起诉他。
He was so often sexually assaulting women that they are now suing him.•他指定他的女儿和女婿作为总统助理和高级顾问。
He appointed his daughter and son-in-law as presidential aides and senior advisers.•他上任24小时就推翻了奥巴马医保法案。
He overthrew obamacare within 24 hours of taking office.•发布禁止穆斯林入境指令和修建美墨边境墙。
一、中美关系I. The U.S.-China Relationship双方认为，两国领导人保持密切交往对确保中美关系长期健康稳定发展至关重要。
双方认为两国元首今年以来的三次会晤和两国其他重要双边交往加强了两国关系。
奥巴马总统邀请胡锦涛主席于明年访问美国，胡主席愉快地接受了邀请。
两国领导人将继续通过互访、会晤、通话、书信等方式保持密切沟通。
The United States and China agreed that regular exchanges between lea ders of the two countries are essential to the long-term, sound, and steady growth of U.S.-China relations. The two sides are of the view that the three meetings between the two presidents and other importan t bilateral exchanges this year have strengthened relations. Presiden t Obama invited President Hu to make a visit to the United States nex t year, and President Hu accepted the invitation with pleasure. Leade rs of the two countries will continue to maintain close communication through mutual visits, meetings, telephone conversations and corresp ondence.双方高度评价中美战略与经济对话机制的重要作用，认为对话为两国增进理解、扩大共识、减少分歧、寻求对共同问题的解决办法提供了独特的平台。
一．中美关系词汇：霸权主义hegemony友好/国事访问 a goodwill(a state, an official)visit联合国安理会the UN Security Council恐怖主义terrorism大使ambassador大使馆embassy外交关系diplomatic relations代表团delegation平等互利equality and mutual benefits达成一致reach consensus on恢复行使主权resume the exercise of sovereignty over……享有高度自治enjoy a high degree of autonomy中美联合公报Sino-US joint communiqué伸张正义，主持公道adhere to principles and uphold justice大局意识：overall situation务实精神：pragmatic spirit利益相关者: stakeholder国际关系的准则norms governing international relations国际阵营international camp国际社会international community国际地位international position国际惯例international practice国际公约international convention国际条约international treaty第一世界国家first-world country第二世界国家second-world country第三世界国家third-world country发达国家developed country发展中国家developing country欠发达国家less-developed country超级大国superpower; VIP(Very Important Power)公报bulletin联合公报communiqué备忘录memorandum上海公报Shanghai Communiqué和平共处五项原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence互相尊重主权和领土完整mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity互不侵犯mutual non-aggression互不干涉内政non-interference i n each other’s internal affairs平等互利equality and mutual benefit和平共处peaceful coexistence和平友好条约peace and friendship treaty防止核扩散条约nuclear nonproliferation treaty求同存异seek common ground while preserving(reserving)differences 捍卫国家主权，领土完整和民族尊严safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national dignity◆自改革开放以来，中国找到了一条适合自己国情的促进和发展人权的道路。
Good morning, I have been fortunate enough today to show you, because of time constraints, and I can only show some general content of the Sino-US relations,if you find something is not good,please forgive me. if you are interested in this topic ,welcome to talk about it with me after the class.As we all know,China is the world's largest developing country, the United States is the world's most developed countries, China is the world's largest exporter, the United States is the world's largest importer, so, Sino-US relations are very important.First, we take a look at the stage characteristics of the Sino-US relations, Sino-US relations is divided into three stages.First stage: the founding of New China to the early 1970s, and china and america have a full-scale confrontation in this period, this a hostility period.Phase II: In the early 1970s to the 1980s, during this period ,due to various reasons, the Sino-US relations achieved normalization,and china and america established diplomatic relations.Phase III: Since the reform and opening up, during this period China and the United States formed a strategic partnership, cooperation and friction is the topic in this period.let us take a concern about the first period, the period of hostilities, the founding of New China, the Communist Party defeated the Kuomintang which supported by the United States, China confirmed "one-sided" strategy. So,The next 20 years China has been treated with political hostility and diplomatic isolation, military threats by america. The most typical manifestation is the Korean War,here we see the video of the Korean War,in this video, Chairman Mao made ainspiring speech in the the last,from this video,not only we can get the history, but also can experience the indomitable spirit with china’s leader.But this period end of China coming back to the United Nations,this case also mean U.S. policy of isolating china failed,Look at this picture ,this is a very famous picture, called qiao’s laughing,", Qiao Guanhua is the head of the Chinese delegation, the picture recorded after the victorylet's look at the second stage of normalization of the Sino-US relations in the 1970s to 1980s, and do you know why the two sides are seeking to improve relations during this period? The first should be the failure of U.S. policy of isolating China, Second, during this period, the United States on the defensive in US-Soviet hegemony,the Soviet hegemonism was a direct threat to our country in that age, from a strategic consideration, the normalization of Sino-US relations is the needs to against Soviet Union, which also gave the Soviet Union a big suprise indeed, of course, this decision is also out of the needs of the Taiwan issue.Look at this picture , Premier Zhou Enlai and President Nixon,you know, this handshake across the world's widest oceans.And This is in the state banquet,Premier Zhou Enlai take food for Nixon .Here we look at the video section of Nixon’s china visiting. I do not know did you notice the scene when Nixon took the coat for Zhou Enlai, it’s a famous detail,Premier Zhou Enlai has a very strong personality, foreign guests who have been in contact with Premier Zhou will be impressed by his sincerity, which is also worthy of our Chinese diplomat to learn.Let’s come to the final stage, period since the reform and opening up, i devid this period into three stepsThe first step is the late 1970s to the late 1980s, this period is the first dacade after the normalization of Sino-US relations,the relations developed smoothly during this period, and vice-premier Deng Xiaoping visited the United States during this time. Here is a video of Deng Xiaoping's visiting to U.S..The second step of the late 1980s to the early 1990, United States began sanctionsduring this period, the collapse of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe, China has also undergone a political storm, commonly known as the student movement. The United States believes that China's suppression of the counter-revolutionary rebellion is terrible, so america made sanctions against China.Incidentally, I personally do not agree with the student movement event, any historical event must have international and domestic background and underlying causes, and this incident precisely do not have.Ok,Return to the Sino-US relations, the third step, since the mid-1990s, the sanctions have no effect, the U.S. change the policy, cooperation accounted for the main line, such as China's accession to the WTO.Here is a video of China's accession to the WTO, Premier Zhu Rongji visited the United States.Actually,except these,i intended to show you Sino-US relations after U.S. President Barack Obama took office, such as trade friction, the United States to return to the Asia-Pacific strategy, but this problem is too complex to have the opportunity to be explained today.Why the Sino-US relations is so important and complex, only one word can describe,there is no permanent friends, no permanent enemies, only permanent interests!Ok,This is the entire contents of the speech today ,Finally, I want to do a summary with Chinese to end the speech,中国的进步和发展奔腾向前，浩浩荡荡，势不可挡。
