2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解(96-100)《附详析》

2012年高考北京卷阅读理解真题附答案详解（全网最精解析版）Decision-making?under?StressA?new?review?based?on?a?research?shows?that?acute?stress?affects?the?way?the?brain?co nsiders?the?advantages?and?disadvantages,?causing?it?to?focus?on?pleasure?and?ignore?the?pos sible?negative?(负面的)?consequences?of?a?decision.The?research?suggests?that?stress?may?change?the?way?people?make?choices?in?predictab le?ways.“Stress?affects?how?people?learn,”?says?Professor?Mara?Mather.?“People?learn?better?abo ut?positive?than?negative?outcomes?under?s tress.”For?example,?two?recent?studies?looked?at?how?people?learned?to?connect?images(影像)?with?either?rewards?or?punishments.?In?one?experiment,?some?of?the?participants?were?fi rst?stressed?by?having?to?give?a?speech?and?do?difficult?math?problems?in?front?of?an?audie nce;?in?the?other,?some?were?stressed?by?having?to?keep?their?hands?in?ice?water.?In?both?c ases,?the?stressed?participants?remembered?the?rewarded?material?more?accurately?and?the?pu nished?material?less?accurately?than?those?who?hadn’t?gone?th rough?the?stress.This?phenomenon?is?likely?not?surprising?to?anyone?who?has?tried?to?resist?eating?cooki es?or?smoking?a?cigarette?while?under?stress?–at?those?moments,?only?the?pleasure?associated?with?such?activities?comes?to?mind.?But?the? findings?further?suggest?that?stress?may?bring?about?a?double?effect.?Not?only?are?rewarding ?experiences?remembered?better,?but?negative?consequences?are?also?easily?recalled.The?research?also?found?that?stress?appears?to?affect?decision-making?differently?in?men ?and?women.?While?both?men?and?women?tend?to?focus?on?rewards?and?less?on?consequenc es?under?stress,?their?responses?to?risk?turn?out?to?be?different.Men?who?had?been?stressed?by?the?cold-water?task?tended?to?take?more?risks?in?the?ex periment?while?women?responded?in?the?opposite?way.?In?stressful?situations?in?which?risk-t aking?can?pay?off?big,?men?may?tend?to?do?better,?when?caution?weighs?more,?however,?wo men?will?win.This?tendency?to?slow?down?and?become?more?cautious?when?decisions?are?risky?might ?also?help?explain?why?women?are?less?likely?to?become?addicted?than?men:?they?may?more ?often?avoid?making?the?risky?choices?that?eventually?harden?into?addiction.（350?words）64.? We?can?learn?from?the?passage?that?people?under?pressure?tend?to?______.A.?keep?rewards?better?in?their?memoryB.?recall?consequences?more?effortlesslyC.?make?risky?decisions?more?frequentlyD.?learn?a?subject?more?effectively65.? According?to?the?research,?stress?affects?people?most?probably?in?their?______.A.?ways?of?making?choicesB.?preference?for?pleasureC.?tolerance?of?punishmentsD.?responses?to?suggestions66. The?research?has?proved?that?in?a?stressful?situation,?______.A.?women?find?it?easier?to?fall?into?certain?habitsB.?men?have?a?greater?tendency?to?slow?downC.?women?focus?more?on?outcomesD.?men?are?more?likely?to?take?risks答案与解析：64.?A.?本题属于细节理解题，根据题干可以定位到文章第一段，“causing?it?to?focus?on?pleasure?and?ignore?the?possible?negative?consequences?of?a?decisi on”可知答案A选项正确。

2012 年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之说明文类（精校word版有答案解析）quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了Honey-Lover's Helper独特的掠食方式，帮助人和动物找到蜂蜜，待到他们吃掉蜂蜜后，它再吃蜂蜡。

科学家们对此也感到迷惑不解。

60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest?A. It's small in size.B. It's hidden in trees.C. It's covered with wax.D. It's hard to recognize.【答案】B【解析】根据文章第一段“Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them.”可知B正确。

【考点定位】考查细节理解。

61. What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. A bee.B. A bird.C. A honey seeker.D. A beekeeper.【答案】C【解析】根据文章中“In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.”可推知：跟在honey guide后面的是：people and animals，而他们统称为honey seeker（寻找蜂蜜的人或动物们）。

绝密启用前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

第Ⅰ卷1至14页。

第Ⅱ卷15至16页。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

中小学教育网（）汇集百所国家级示范校的近千名知名教师，面向中小学生提供课外辅导，教学方式包括网络第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。

请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2.短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小脱.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。

1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2.At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。

2012年高考英语模拟试卷（一）阅读理解A篇作者通过观察水与岩石争夺有利位置的故事，告诉我们在应对挑战的时候，也应该像水那样，敞开胸怀并且灵活多变，适时调整方向。

56．B。

细节理解题，根据第一段While relaxing and enjoying the aloneness, I sensed a battle for favorable position between the highly-spirited water and the large rocks resting on the bed along the edges of the stream可知，当时作者的心情是轻松愉快的。

57．C。

推理判断题。

根据第二段At first，the rocks，stubborn，immovable and unbending, seemed to have their way with their adversary可推断出，岩石一直坚持最初的方法，倔强地阻止流水的行进。

58．A。

推理判断题，根据第二段However, the water, determined yet forgiving, seemed merely inconvenienced by the presence of the rocks, as it effortlessly changed its course running towards its original destination可推断，流水获得胜利的主要原因是灵活多变。

59．D。

作者意图题。

根据文中最后一段可知,作者写水与岩石的故事，目的是告诉读者应该如何正确面对挑战。

B篇美国马里兰州推出了一项名为Prisoners Against Teen Tragedy的活动，让学生去监狱参观，警醒学生规范自己的行为从而远离犯罪。

60．D。

词义猜测题．根据下文They tell the youth what they went through as a child, what their crimes consist of可知，inmates指的是监狱里的囚犯。

2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（91-95）《附详析》(第91篇)I know what you’re thinking: pizza (比萨饼)? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night’s leftovers in the a. m. if you want to.I know lots of women who skip breakfast(不吃早餐), and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don’t have time, others think they’re saving calories (卡路里) , still others just don’t like breakfast food.But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you’re trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all，” says Katherine Brooking, R. D. , who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year’s “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if it’s loa ded with vegetables，and you stick to one small piece.Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether，and have just coffee or orange juice. I say，try heating up last night’s leftovers—it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself，“You can always eat it tomorrow, ”I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it...you may save yourself some pre-bed-time calories. And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects.[语篇解读]随着科技的进步、社会的发展，人们的生活节奏也越来越快。

绝密★启用并使用完毕前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）英语本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分，共12页，满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项:1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。

2.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

3.第II卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、脐带纸、修正带。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

第I卷（共105分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.5B. ￡9.15C. ￡9.18答案是B。

1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A. 7:20B. 7:15C. 7:003. what are the two speakers mainly talking aobut?A. Their friend JaneB. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off Go shopping.5. why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late deliveryB. She went to the wrong placeC. She couldn‟ttake the cake back第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

高考英语阅读理解专题分类实战演练(共16篇)细节理解类Passage 1(广东，A)Lisa was running late. Lisa, 25, had a lot to do at work, plus visitors on the way: her parents were coming in for Thanksgiving from her hometown. But as she hurried down the subway stairs, she started to feel uncomfortably warm. By the time she got to the platform，Lisa felt weak and tired — maybe it hadn’t been a good idea to give blood the night before, she thought. She rested herself against a post close to the tracks.Several yards away, Frank ,43, and his girlfriend, Jennifer，found a spot close to where the front of the train would stop. They were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying.But when he heard the scream, followed by someone yelling，“Oh, my God, she fell in！”Frank didn’t hesitate. He jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails. “No ! Not you ! ”his girlfriend screamed after him.She was right to be alarmed. By the time Frank reached Lisa，he could feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming. The train was about 20 seconds from the station.It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the arms and drag her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness，felt herself being pulled along the ground，and saw someone else holding her purse.Lisa thought she’d been robbed. A woman held her hand and a man gave his shirt to help stop the blood pouring from her head. And she tried to talk but she couldn’t，and that was when she realized how much pain she was in.Police and fire officials soon arrived, and Frank told the story to an officer. Jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40minute train ride downtown—just as he had been seconds after the rescue，which made her think about her reaction at the time. “I saw the train coming and I was thinking he was going to die，” she explained.[语篇解读]本文讲述了Frank在地铁站，冒着被列车轧死的危险救助了因身体虚弱而失去知觉的Lisa的经过。

2012年高考《中基联考》新课标（全国二卷）实战演练卷一英语（带答案）2012年高考《中基联考》新课标（全国二卷）实战演练卷一英语(I卷选择题、II卷非选择题)满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项：1、答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。

2、选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案的标号，非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

3、请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

4、保持卷面清洁，不折叠，不破损。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题l.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。

每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.15.C．￡9.18.答案是B.1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. On a farm.B. In a market.C. In a restaurant.2. What are the speakers going to do?A. Pack a lunch together.B. Come to work in the park.C. Have a walk trip at the weekend.3. What will the woman tell the man？A. Her company?s name.B. Her phone number.C. Her new address4. What does the man mean about his job as an attendant (乘务员)?A. He's enjoyed his job.B. He's interested in cooking.C. He's worked hard almost ten years.5. W hat does the man want to do?A. Get a new job.B. Collect information for his aunt.C. Ask a lawyer to give him some help.第二节（共15小题;每小题1 5分，满分22 .5分）听下面5段对话或独自。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（天津卷）解析本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

2、本卷共55小题，共95分第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.—Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson?—__________. I can manage without you.A.Forget itB. I’m afraid notC. It dependsD. Ofcourse3 days later.A.were putB. was putC. putD. hasputA.p romiseB. leadC. balanceD. diaryA.Besides.B. HoweverC. ThereforeD.Instead.5.—You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don’t.—__________. Confidence is really important.第一节It’s not my cup of tea B. That’s not the point C. I don’t think so D. I couldn’t agree moreA. did she noticeB. she noticedC. does she noticeD. she has noticedA. whoB. whoseC. whomD. whichA. couldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD.wouldn’t【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。

2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（36-40）《附详析》(第36篇)Runners in a relay(接力)race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B. C. to about A. D. 1300, when sea travel offered new routes (路线). It was sometimes called the world’s longest highway. However，the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe.The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia.Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods.Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome.The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接)different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to world wide business 2000 years before the World Wide Web.The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy(外交)，and religion (宗教)．5. It’s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed________.A. to remember the entire trade routeB. to know the making of productsC. to receive certain special trainingD. to deal with a lot of difficulties[解析]细节理解题。