外刊阅读练习：气象学家史蒂夫·施奈德

外刊阅读测试题及答案1. 阅读以下段落，回答问题：In the past few decades, the rapid growth of urbanization has led to significant changes in the landscape of many cities. Urban planners are now focusing on creating sustainable and liveable cities by integrating green spaces and improving public transportation systems.问题：根据段落内容，城市化快速发展导致了哪些变化？答案：城市化快速发展导致了城市景观的显著变化。

2. 阅读以下段落，回答问题：The latest report from the World Health Organization indicates that global life expectancy has increased by 5.5 years over the past 30 years, with the highest increase observed in low-income countries.问题：根据报告，全球预期寿命在过去30年中增加了多少年？答案：全球预期寿命在过去30年中增加了5.5年。

3. 阅读以下段落，回答问题：Technological advancements have revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and learn. The widespread adoption of smartphones and the internet has made information more accessible than ever before.问题：科技进步如何改变了我们的沟通、工作和学习方式？答案：科技进步通过智能手机和互联网的广泛采用，使得信息比以往任何时候都更容易获取。

高考英语外刊阅读训练——阅读理解：“骤旱”或成气候新常态本文节选自：Science News（科学新闻）发布时间：2023.04.13作者：Richard Kemeny原文标题：‘Flash droughts’are growing increasingly commonMost major droughts have tended to occur over seasonal or yearly time scales, resulting from variabilityin large-scale climate patterns such as El Niño. But in roughly the last six decades, there has been a transition toward more droughts that form over just a fewweeks with little warning in most of the world, researchers report in the April 14 Science.Some flash droughts develop into seasonal ones, yet even those that do not can cause significant damage to agriculture and contribute to other extreme weather events such as wildfires and heat waves. In the summer of 2012, a severe flash drought across the United States caused over $30 billion in damages. Many affected areas transformed from normal conditions to extreme drought within a month, and no climate models predicted it.Previous research has suggested that flash droughts are on the rise in some areas. But it was unclear whether they were replacing slower-onset droughts, meaning the usually slow droughts were coming on faster, or if bothfast- and slow-onset droughts were increasing in tandem.As with most droughts, a period of low rainfall is still the main driver of flash droughts. Butexcessive evapotranspiration—water moving into the atmosphere from soil and plants —plays a key role in these droughts’emergence by drying out soils quickly, the analysis shows. Flash droughts happen two to three times as often in humid regions such as northwest North America, Europe and southern China as elsewhere, the study found.Predicting flash droughts is challenging as current monitoring systems often cannot capture their onset at short enough time scales. “We have to improve these systems,”Yuan says, by exploring the mechanisms behind flash droughts and improving simulations, perhaps with the help of artificial intelligence. Dealing with these droughts isn’t just about having a better tool set, Svoboda says, but also a different mind-set. “It is human nature not to deal with drought until you’re in it. Instead, we advocate that drought be dealtwith proactively instead of reactively.”阅读理解：1. What type of drought has increased over the past six decades?A. Seasonal droughtsB. Yearly droughtsC. Flash droughtsD. Slow-onset droughts2. What can flash droughts lead to?A. Heavy rainfallB. DesertificationC. Wildfires and heat wavesD. Indifferent weather conditions3. What is the main driver of flash droughts?A. Excessive rainfallB. High windsC. Low temperatureD. A period of low rainfall4. Where do flash droughts happen more frequently?A. Arid regionsB. Coastal areasC. Polar regionsD. Humid regions5. Why is dealing with flash droughts challenging?A. Because flash droughts happen too frequentlyB. Because flash droughts are difficult to predictC. Because flash droughts are not taken seriouslyD. Because current monitoring systems are not well-equipped 答案：CCDDB熟词复习：高考需要掌握的词汇：1. drought 旱灾2. seasonal 季节性的3. yearly 一年一度的4. variability 变异性5. large-scale climate patterns 大规模气候模式6. El Niño艾尔尼诺现象7. transition 过渡8. flash droughts 突发性旱灾9. warning 预警10. damage 损失11. agriculture 农业12. extreme weather events 极端天气事件13. wildfires 森林火灾14. heat waves 热浪15. severe 严重的16. damages 损失17. evapotranspiration 蒸散发18. atmosphere 大气层19. soil 土壤20. humid regions 潮湿地区21. northwest North America 西北美洲22. Europe 欧洲23. southern China 中国南部24. monitoring systems 监测系统25. artificial intelligence 人工智能26. mechanisms 机制27. simulations 模拟28. proactive 积极主动的29. reactively 从反应中得知（即被动）30. tool set 工具集31. mind-set 心态32. human nature 人性33. proactively 积极地34. low rainfall 降雨量少35. excess 过量的36. emergence 出现37. analysis 分析38. capture 捕捉39. onset 开始40. time scales 时间尺度41. role 作用42. transform 转变43. replacing 取代44. slow-onset droughts 缓慢降雨导致的旱灾45. tandem 齐步前进46. increase 增加47. explore 探索48. dealing with 处理49. advocate 倡导新词积累：1.scale /skeɪl/n. 天平，磅秤; 等级，级别; 刻度，标度; 规模，范围; 鳞，鳞片; 水垢; 音阶; 进位制v. 改变(文字、图片)的尺寸大小; 刮去(鱼鳞); 攀登，翻越; (成片状)脱落，剥落; (数量，财产) 按一定比例调节; 称得重量为2.evapotranspiration /ɪˌvæpəʊˌtrænspəˈreɪʃən/n.蒸散；土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量3. soil /sɔɪl/n. 泥土，土壤; (可供某物发展的)土壤，温床; 国土，领土; 耕作，务农v. 弄脏，玷污4. proactively /proʊˈæktɪvli/adv.前摄地；主动地5.in tandem一前一后地；协力地写作句总结As with most droughts, a period of low rainfall is still the main driver of flash droughts.结构：As with most …, a period of …rainfall is still the main driver of ….与大多数…一样，持续一段时间的…降雨量仍然是突发性…的主要驱动因素。

九年级气象学英语阅读理解30题1<背景文章>Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, which focuses on weather processes and forecasting. Weather phenomena are the short - term manifestations of the atmosphere, such as rain, snow, wind, and thunderstorms. These are the elements that we experience on a daily basis and that can have a significant impact on our lives.Climate change is another major aspect of meteorology. It refers to long - term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. Scientists study climate change to understand how the Earth's climate is evolving over time and what factors are driving these changes. These factors can include natural processes like volcanic eruptions as well as human - induced factors such as the emission of greenhouse gases.In daily life, meteorology is of great importance. For example, it helps us decide what to wear each day. If the forecast predicts rain, we will take an umbrella and wear waterproof shoes. In agriculture, meteorology is crucial. Farmers rely on weather forecasts to determine the best time for sowing seeds, irrigating crops, and harvesting. If they plant during a period of expected heavy rain, the seeds may be washed away. In the aviation industry, accurate weather information is essential for flight safety. Pilotsneed to know about wind speed and direction, cloud cover, and potential turbulence before taking off and during the flight.Meteorology also plays a role in other fields such as energy production. Wind turbines, for example, depend on wind patterns, and solar panels' efficiency can be affected by cloud cover and sunlight intensity, which are all related to meteorological factors.1. <问题1>What is the main focus of meteorology?A. Only studying weather phenomena like rain.B. Studying the atmosphere, especially weather processes and forecasting.C. Focusing on long - term climate change only.D. Studying human - induced factors in the atmosphere.答案：B。

高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________外刊精选｜英国史上最热的一天，伦敦土著是怎么过的？当地时间上周二，英国伦敦希思罗机场记录气温达到40.2℃，成为1841年英国开始气象观测以来的最高纪录，伦敦市区的气温也一度超过39度。

英国气象局警告，英国多地气温“仍在攀升”。

身在伦敦的Mat老师是如何度过这波持续高温的？这样的高温还给当地人带来了哪些影响？U.K. Heat Wave: Britain Sets New Record on a Second Day of Scorching Temperatures Britain made meteorological history last Tuesday when temperatures in some places topped 40 degrees Celsius for the first time ever recorded in the United Kingdom, as a second straight day of record-setting heat gripped parts of Europe.Fires raged in France, Spain and even areas of London, as the hot, dry conditions strained emergency services and brought misery to areas unaccustomed to such sweltering summers.It was a day of scorching milestones in Britain, where in the morning the thermometer recorded a reading of 39.1 degrees Celsius, the highest level ever recorded in the United Kingdom. That record was broken about two hours later, when the temperature at Heathrow Airport hit 40.2 Celsius. If confirmed, it would be the first time that the temperature in Britain had exceeded 40 degrees Celsius. By the afternoon, that marker was surpassed when Coningsby in eastern England recorded a temperature of 40.3.The British government urged people to continue to work from home, but for schools to stay open.The country's rail system, issued a "do not travel" warning and several train companies cancelled all services. The London Underground, most of which does not have air conditioning, also suspended some of its service.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。

外刊阅读题目
外刊阅读题目可以根据不同的主题和领域进行设计，以下是一些可能的题目：
1. 阅读一篇关于全球气候变化的文章，回答以下问题：
全球气候变化的科学原理是什么？
全球气候变化对人类社会和自然环境产生了哪些影响？
我们应该采取哪些措施来减缓全球气候变化？
2. 阅读一篇关于人工智能的文章，回答以下问题：
人工智能的基本原理是什么？
人工智能在哪些领域有应用？
人工智能的发展对人类社会产生了哪些影响？
3. 阅读一篇关于人类基因编辑的文章，回答以下问题：
人类基因编辑的基本原理是什么？
人类基因编辑有哪些应用场景？
人类基因编辑的伦理问题是什么？
4. 阅读一篇关于区块链的文章，回答以下问题：
区块链的基本原理是什么？
区块链有哪些应用场景？
区块链的未来发展趋势是什么？
5. 阅读一篇关于环境保护的文章，回答以下问题：
当前环境面临的主要问题是什么？
我们应该采取哪些措施来保护环境？
环境保护与可持续发展的关系是什么？
6. 阅读一篇关于国际贸易的文章，回答以下问题：
国际贸易的基本原理是什么？
国际贸易对各国经济产生了哪些影响？
当前国际贸易面临的挑战和机遇是什么？
7. 阅读一篇关于文化交流的文章，回答以下问题：
文化交流的重要性是什么？
文化交流对不同国家和民族之间的关系产生了哪些影响？如何促进文化交流的进一步发展？。

八年级基础气象英语阅读理解30题1<背景文章>Weather is an important part of our daily lives. There are several common types of weather, such as sunny days, rainy days, cloudy days and snowy days.Let's start with sunny days. On a sunny day, the sky is clear and blue. The sun shines brightly, bringing warmth and light. Sunny days are often associated with high - pressure systems. High - pressure areas force air to sink, which inhibits cloud formation. This type of weather is great for outdoor activities like picnics, sports games and beach trips. People usually feel happy and energetic on sunny days.Rainy days are also very common. Rain forms when moist air rises, cools and condenses into water droplets. These droplets then fall to the ground as rain. Rainy days can vary in intensity, from a light drizzle to a heavy downpour. Heavy rain can cause floods in some areas. However, rain is essential for plant growth and replenishing water sources. People may need to use umbrellas or raincoats on rainy days, and some outdoor activities might be cancelled.Cloudy days occur when there are a large number of clouds in the sky. Clouds are made up of tiny water droplets or ice crystals. The presence ofclouds can block the sun, making the day seem duller. Cloudy weather can sometimes be a sign of an approaching storm. It also has an impact on people's mood, as some people may feel a bit gloomy on cloudy days.Snowy days are a beautiful but cold type of weather. Snow forms when the temperature in the atmosphere is low enough for water vapor to freeze directly into ice crystals. These ice crystals then combine to form snowflakes. Snowy days are ideal for winter sports such as skiing and snowboarding. However, heavy snow can disrupt transportation and cause difficulties for people to move around.1. <问题1>What is the main factor that causes sunny days?A. Low - pressure systems.B. High - pressure systems.C. Moist air rising.D. The presence of a large number of clouds.答案：B。

一、阅读理解文章大意：本文主要介绍了中国24节气之一——立夏，以及与立夏节气相关的四个传统习俗，比如人们会进行称重、吃鸡蛋、孩子们会将煮蛋挂在胸前，此外人们在这一节气还会吃些清凉可以润心的食物。

1. 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms（节气）. Start of Summer, the 7th term of the year, signals the transition of seasons. On this day, the sun rays reach an angle of 45 degrees to the earth. 1 . But in northern China weather remains fine.Here are four things to learn about the Start of Summer.The custom of weighing people at the Start of Summer originated from the Three Kingdoms Period（220-180）. 2 . After lunch on the day of Start of Summer, the young and old took turns to get weighed while the person calculating the weight would offer good wishes.In ancient China, a round egg symbolized a happy life. And people believe eating eggs on the day of Start of Summer would bring good health.3 . That’s how the original “tea egg” was created. Today tea egg has become a traditional snack in China.On the day of Start of Summer, parents will prepare boiled eggs and put them in a knitted bag before hanging them on their child’s chest. They believe that it will help the children stay away from summer diseases. When at school, children gather together to play egg competitions. 4 .According to Chinese traditional medicine, Start of Summer is a key time to moisten（使湿润）the heart. 5 . V egetables, such as cucumber, tomato and celery and fruits that include watermelon, pear and strawberry are top choices.A．It is an important time for the harvest of summer crops like wheatB．They crash each other’s eggs in pairs and the one whose egg is not broken winsC．Food rich in vitamins and cool in nature is highly recommendedD．And the temperature will rise quickly during this periodE．They put leftover tea into boiled water together with eggsF．Later people added spices to the eggs to make them taste deliciousG．It was thought this practice would bring health and good luck to the people weighed2.In Yingxiu Town of Wenchuan, Qi Jianfeng attended the 10th anniversary（周年纪念日） of Wenchuan Earthquake with hundreds of doctors and volunteers, 1 .Wenchuan was hit by a strong earthquake on May 12th, 2008. At least 69,000 people were killed and more than 375,000 were hurt.2 Soldiers and doctors quickly arrived in the area At that time, they were saving people and rebuilding （重建） homes.3 he wantedto help those who had lost their families or homes. Qi Jian feng worked as a volunteer after the earthquake. He also listened to the local people carefully so that they had someone to talk to.Qi’s job lasted （持续的）for three years. 4 but Qi kept on staying here. He saw the destroyed （毁坏的）place become a new town. The beautiful mountains and friendly people made him prefer to work here. He got a job and bought an apartment in Wenchuan. 5 He hopes to help people specially the young receive earthquake training.Although the earthquake broke many things apart, it brought everyone closer together.A．It was easy enough to save the people under the buildings.B．He never imagined what a big difference an earthquake made to his life.C．Most volunteers have left Wenchuan.D．He has remained in Wenchuan ever since then.E．As soon as Qi Jianfeng heard the news.F．Many people became homeless.G．Qi Jianfeng was on his way to Wenchuan.3. 七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

高考英语外刊阅读训练——阅读理解：重新思考干旱【原标题】The thirst to rethink droughts【原文】Nearly half of the continental United States is experiencing prolonged drought, according to federal scientists. Precipitation models predict that winter will provide little reliefin much of the West and South. An independent study found the last two decades in the Southwest to be the driest continuous stretch since the 1500s.On the other side of the continent, half of the Northeast had reached the levels of “severe”or “extreme”by September. At this moment, 72 million Americans are living in drought conditions. Globally, more than 2 billion people live in countries experiencing what the United Nations calls high water stress.The effects of climate change are neither consistent nor uniform. In recent years, for example, the Midwest has experienced both widespread flooding and persistent drought. Yet as water experts grapple with understanding these unusual weather patterns, assumptions about water are shifting as well. As Jens Berggren, a Swedish sustainability expert, told Deutsche Welle, “It’s not a lack of water per se, it’s a lack of water governance.”If people could reduce wateruse by almost half, he said, that would “give ample opportunity to meet all our needs.”Last year researchers in Finland asked a novel question: Can there be water scarcity with an abundance of water? Despite Finland having ample water resources and typically no significant dry season, the study found that local drought-like effects were being caused by population concentration, drainage of wetlands, and inefficient water use. The finding led to a rethink of human development in order to find a balance with water resources.A good example of a place that did reset its harmony with nature is Cape Town, South Africa. In March 2018, following three years of severe drought, the city’s main reservoir had fallen to 11% capacity. This month it reached overflow capacity.A return of better-than-average rainfall helped, but the real change was civic. The city imposed strict water-use practices, and residents quickly adapted. Researchers of this mass shift found “thirsty participants share water more often equally with powerless, anonymous others than they do money.”Cape Town is now better poised to avoid water stress because people created different lifestyles.Adapting to a changing planet requires more than a physical response to scarcity. It entails seeing abundance in people’s ability to innovate, join together in common cause, and be open to letting go of destructive behavior. Those traits are not scarce. And neither is humanity’s ability to draw upon them. 【新课标重点词汇】1. prolonged - 持续的2. drought - 干旱3. precipitation - 降水4. relief - 缓解5. independent - 独立的6. Southwest - 西南部7. Northeast - 东北部8. severe - 严重的9. extreme - 极端的10. water stress - 水资源匮乏压力11. consistent - 一致的12. uniform - 均匀的13. flooding - 洪水14. governance - 治理15. assumptions - 假设16. reduce - 减少17. scarcity - 稀缺性18. abundance - 充裕19. population concentration - 人口密度20. drainage - 排水21. inefficient - 低效的22. human development - 人类发展23. harmony - 和谐24. Cape Town - 开普敦25. reservoir - 水库26. civic - 市民的27. strict - 严格的28. water-use practices - 用水习惯29. adapt - 适应30. planet - 行星31. innovation - 创新32. common cause - 共同目标33. open - 开放的34. destructive behavior - 破坏性行为35. traits - 特质36. draw upon - 利用37. physical response - 物理反应38. scarcity - 稀缺39. water resources - 水资源40. water stress - 水压力41. persistent - 持续的42. effects - 影响43. grapple - 探索44. understand - 理解45. assumptions - 假定46. shift - 转变47. governance - 治理48. participants - 参与者49. lifestyles - 生活方式50. humanity - 人类【阅读理解练习题】1. According to federal scientists, what proportion of the continental United States is experiencing prolonged drought?A. Approximately 25%B. Nearly 50%C. Over 75%D. More than 90%答案：B。

外报外刊试题及答案在全球化的今天，了解和掌握国际新闻和外刊内容对于拓宽视野、提高语言能力具有重要意义。

以下是一些模拟的外报外刊试题及答案，旨在帮助学生和读者检验自己的阅读理解和分析能力。

试题1：阅读以下外刊摘要，回答问题：摘要：随着全球变暖的加剧，北极地区的冰层正在迅速融化。

科学家们警告说，这不仅会对北极生态系统造成破坏，还可能引发全球性的气候变化。

请根据摘要回答以下问题：1. 北极地区冰层融化的主要原因是什么？2. 科学家们对北极冰层融化可能带来的影响有哪些担忧？答案1：1. 北极地区冰层融化的主要原因是全球变暖。

2. 科学家们担忧北极冰层融化会对北极生态系统造成破坏，并可能引发全球性的气候变化。

试题2：阅读以下外报文章，回答问题：文章：最近的一项研究显示，城市化进程中，城市绿地的减少对居民的心理健康产生了负面影响。

研究指出，绿地的减少增加了居民的压力水平，并降低了他们的生活质量。

1. 研究显示城市化进程中，城市绿地的减少对居民的心理健康有何影响？2. 研究建议采取哪些措施来改善居民的心理健康？答案2：1. 研究显示城市化进程中，城市绿地的减少会导致居民的压力水平增加，并降低他们的生活质量。

2. 研究建议增加城市绿地，以改善居民的心理健康。

试题3：阅读以下外刊文章，回答问题：文章：近年来，随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。

一些公司甚至完全采用远程工作模式。

然而，这种工作模式也引发了一些争议，比如员工的工作效率和团队协作问题。

1. 远程工作模式的普及主要得益于什么？2. 远程工作模式可能面临哪些挑战？答案3：1. 远程工作模式的普及主要得益于科技的发展，尤其是通信和协作工具的进步。

2. 远程工作模式可能面临的挑战包括员工的工作效率难以监控、团队协作和沟通的困难等。

试题4：阅读以下外报文章，回答问题：文章：在全球化的大背景下，跨国公司在全球范围内进行资源配置和市场拓展。

这种全球化战略不仅带来了经济效益，也引发了文化冲突和环境问题。

《精准预测天气有多难》带答案阅读《精准预测天气有多难》阅读答案导语：阅读解释文本《精准预测天气有多难》，回答以下练习。

以下是边肖为你收集的阅读答案，希望对你有所帮助。

《精准预测天气有多难》阅读原文：人们渴望预测天气变化，真正做到“未雨绸缪”，但“有突发事件”，准确预测天气真的不是一件容易的事情。

影响天气预报准确性的根本原因是大气运动本身的随机性。

大气变化是一个复杂的运动过程，充满了各种可能性。

对此，美国气象学家爱德华劳伦兹有一个生动的比喻：“巴西丛林中的一只蝴蝶扇动翅膀，就能在美国得克萨斯州引发飓风。

”这就是所谓的“蝴蝶效应”。

在随机性的多重影响下，任何一种预测结果都有风险。

当人们观察天气形成的初始状态时，总会出现一些误差，甚至一个很小的误差都会使预测结果大相径庭。

各种复杂的地形也会影响大气运动。

比如青藏高原地势较高，受到太阳照射后温度会升高，尤其是夏季，会成为高空大气环流的热源；气流经过时，要么从上方经过并被加热，要么从侧面绕流，从而形成西南涡等天气系统。

这使得整个大气环流形势非常复杂。

可以看出，错综复杂的地形也是一个麻烦制造者。

此外，不同天气类型的预报精度差异很大。

高温、寒潮、梅雨等空间范围大、时间尺度长的天气，预报精度较高。

全国24小时天气预报和*高、*低、气温预报可实现“千钧一发”。

但有些天气发生突然，具有较强的局地特征，如强对流天气，即冰雹、强降雨、强雷电、龙卷风等。

这在短时间内发生，而且预测精度很低。

在多种因素的影响下，预测的难度肯定会增加。

这就像玩拼图游戏：如果只有8块板，孩子可以拼出来；如果是800元，大人可以拼出来；但如果是8000万块，甚至更多，那么“神”就拼不出来了。

然而，随着计算机的普及和数值预报方法的重新选择，天气预报的准确性不断提高。

英国气象局正在开发** *的计算机模型，气象学家可以用它来发布仅1平方公里区域的天气预报。

在不久的将来，人们可以在较小的区域内即时获得准确的天气信息。