翻译课第三次作业

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attention to the translation of the blackened parts (if any).1.He made sincere apologies to each of the teachers.译文：他向每个老师致以诚挚的歉意。

2.“Impossible” is a word to be found only in the dictionary of fools.译文：只有在傻子的字典里才有“不可能”这个词。

3.We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producingit.译文：我们不创造幸福就无权享受幸福，就像不创造财富就无权享用财富一样。

4.Children begin by loving their parents. After a time they judge them. Rarely, if ever, do they forgive them.译文：孩子们都是开始时爱父母，后来开始评价父母，但几乎不会原谅父母。

ter, Churchill told me that such hesitations were really rare.译文：后来，丘吉尔告诉我，这种犹豫确实是很少见的。

6.Then I thanked my host and walked down the broad lawn, back to the meadow and the sparkling brook,where I lay on the grass and fell into a sweet sleep.译文：接着我向主人道了谢径直走向宽阔的草坪，回到了水波闪闪的小溪边，我躺在溪边的草地上进入了甜美的梦乡。

第三次笔译作业英译汉主讲：汉译英主讲：执笔：审阅:编辑：排版:打印:Section A: Chinese to English暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。

也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。

它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。

也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。

这是黄河滩上的一幕。

牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。

只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。

这儿水草肥美，让他们长得肥滚滚的。

如果走近了，你会发现它们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。

译文：Section B: English to ChineseScientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos宇宙, the most basic constituents of matter物质, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction静止, of human beings imperil危及not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11 and avian flu禽流感remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledge—but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites篇幅are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflection沉思are what our world needs.For all these reasons I believed—and I believe even more strongly today—in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.译文：。

Vocabulary and StructureI. VocabularySection ADirections: From the four choices given under each sentence, choose the ONE that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or expression.1.This failure shaped his attitude to study.A. formedB. adjustedC. framedD. designed2.You should avoid eating fat meat, pork in particular.A. especiallyB. partiallyC. in factD. in full3.The printing press turns out a thousand books an hour.A. writesB. carriesC. provesD. produces4.Notice how lifeless the description is in this paragraph.A. vitalB. vigorousC. deadD. dull5.The red flag looks more beautiful against the blue sky.A. in contrast toB. in opposition toC. in protest ofD. in support of6.He promised to help me if I was in trouble and never once was I disappointed.A. he never gave me any helpB. he did what he saidC. he only helped me onceD. he disappointed me just once7.Early in April the city elections were due.A. sufficientB. attributableC. expected to happenD. required to return8.Old memories awoke in her when she read the letter.A. alerted herB. came back to herC. appeared in her mindD. opened her eyes9.Now let’s deal with the events in historical sequence.A. causesB. happeningsC. successionD. transition10.A man who is cruel to animals should be held in contempt.A. should be looked down uponB. should be held in respectC. should show disrespectD. should be punished cruelly11.When he was at middle school, he had a calling to become a doctor.A. careerB. professionC. screamingD. passion12.We found it very hard to translate what is in the painting into words.A. turn…into a different languageB. express…in proper wordsC. reproduce…in other wordsD. explain…in a differen t language13.He had a large body of facts to prove his statements.A. systemB. numberC. amountD. quality14.Before you enter the contest, you must take the measure of your contestants.A. know wellB. take the sizes ofC. grow to the sizes ofD. evaluate properly15.We were very disappointed. He was flat against his promise.A. positivelyB. completelyC. evenlyD. particularlySection BDirections: For each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.16.We are happy to have you as a friend who always offers ________ advice.A. open-mindedB. open-heartedC. open-mouthedD. open-handed17.The ________ of language is communication.A. essenceB. centerC. assignmentD. study18.You have to be home by 11 o’clock. ________ that in mind, Bob.A. TakeB. PutC. RememberD. Keep19.We don’t go to the theatre regularly, just ________.A. up and downB. to and froC. come and goD. off and on20.She ________ from asking the favor of you.A. held backB. preventedC. held upD. stopped21.I warmly ________ you ________ your marvelous score.A. recall…toB. recall…aboutC. congratulate…onD. congratulate…for22.We should break him of his bad habit before it takes _________.A. hardB. holdC. inD. deep23.The ________ of the trees in the lake made a lovely picture.A. imageB. shadeC. pictureD. leaves24.He lay in ________ until the doctor arrived.A. essenceB. contemptC. agonyD. sequence25.There are too many difficulties for us to ________ with.A. manageB. tackleC. dealD. solve26.I _________ obtaining much knowledge from your class.A. expectB. hopeC. anticipateD. require27.The ________ of the painting is “A Winter Evening”.A. topicB. subjectC. contentD. title28.His recent discoveries have greatly added to his __________.A. callingB. reputationC. skillD. distribution29.In our home, it is a ________ rule to wash one’s hands before eating.A. rigidB. hardC. roughD. severe30.I need one of you to ________ the examination papers to the class for me.A. attributeB. contributeC. distributeD. tribute31.________ my phone number in your diary before you forget it.A. Put onB. Write downC. Hold downD. Turn in32.Exercise ________ your muscles and makes you fit for the heavy work at school.A. thinks upB. thinks outC. builds onD. builds up33.There is no reason why you shouldn’t tell them in ________ that you are going.A. mindB. motionC. advanceD. anticipation34.My eyes haven’t ________ to the dark yet.A. fixedB. suitedC. adjustedD. attracted35.A lot of families need a second ________ to keep going.A. checkB. workC. careerD. profession36.To _________ the long story short, he never reached the summit.A. getB. makeC. turnD. tell37.Does she say anything that ________ to you especially.A. attractsB. interestsC. inspiresD. appeals38.He _________ an air of indifference in appearance.A. supposedB. assumedC. acquiredD. recaptured39.“New College English” _________ eight units.A. includesB. is made ofC. comprisesD. is consisted of40.A country isn’t respected if it ________ an international agreement.A. violetsB. disagreesC. damagesD. decomposesII. StructureDirections: For each of the following incomplete sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.1. A lot of foreigners associate China ________ the Great Wall.A. toB. onC. withD. of2.__________ an Englishman 2/6/61 means June 2nd, 1961; __________ an American it meansFebruary 6th, 1961.A. To…toB. As to…as toC. As for…as forD. To…as to3.He came home after midnight, and _________ he was drunk.A. thereforeB. what’s moreC. more or lessD. all the more4._________ of the passengers were aware of the danger.A. No oneB. Not anyoneC. NobodyD. None5.We must face _________ our responsibilities and not try to get out of them.A. withB. toC. up withD. up to6.Nei ther John nor the twins _________ how to spell the word “alligator”.A. had knownB. has knownC. knowD. knows7.He promised to attend to the matter _________ he reached the office.A. meanwhileB. the momentC. the moment whenD. the meanwhile8.His rooms were exactly ________ he had left them.A. asB. sinceC. likeD. when9.He hoped that the teacher would give him a _______ mark.A. passB. passingC. passedD. past10.I never saw him reading anything ________ the newspaper.A. butB. but forC. justD. just for11.It would be months _________ these students could adapt themselves to the new life.A. sinceB. whileC. afterD. before12.They waited, _________, breathless for the result.A. as it isB. as they wereC. as it wereD. as they are13.If you joke with him he’ll think you’re insulting him _________ purpose.A. asB. toC. forD. on14.He behaves _________ he were better than us.A. as thoughB. even thoughC. the same asD. such as15.We hadn’t quite reached the gate ________ Jane fell.A. whileB. asC. whenD. after16.All the students in this class are said ________ the important test.A. having passedB. passingC. to have passedD. to pass17.________ I saw Mary next morning, however, that I felt happy.A. Not untilB. UnlessC. It was not untilD. It was until18.These young men are different ________ they earn their own schooling.A. fromB. in whichC. whenD. in that19.Perhaps Mr. Hunter cannot spare any time _________ on Sunday.A. exceptB. except forC. onlyD. besides20.Some people find hard work ________.A. distasteB. distastefulC. distastedD. tastingVocabulary and StructureI. VocabularySection A1．A 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.D 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.BSection B16.B 17.A 18.D 19.D 20.A 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.C 26.C 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.B 32.D 33.C 34.C 35.A 36.B 37.D 38.B 39.C 40.AII. Structure1．C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.D 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.B。

Pollution: An Increasing Concern in ChinaThere are still many problems of environmental protection in recent years.One of the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air, water and soil.The polluted air does great harm to people’s health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. What is more, vegetation had been greatly reduced with the rapid growth of modern cities.Many factors are contributing to the deteriorating situation: industrial wastes pumped into the air, the lakes and rivers; a increasing number of automobiles crowding into the streets; the widespread use of plastic bags etc.To protect the environment, governments of many countries have done a lot. Legislative steps have been introduced to control air pollution, to protect the forest and sea resources and to stop any environmental pollution. Therefore, governments are playing the most important role in the environmental protection today.In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of nvironmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more eople means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the nvironment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves.。

江苏开放大学形成性考核作业学号2016020000025姓名周宇峰完成日期2016年X月X日课程代码110004课程名称大学英语A（专）评阅教师（教师填写）得分（教师填写）评阅时间2016年X月X日第 3 次任务共 4 次任务江苏开放大学大学英语（A）（专）形成性考核 3答题纸I. 选择填空（每小题1 分，共10 分）1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10B DC B C C B C C II. 阅读理解（每小题2 分，共40 分）1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C C A B C C A B C C11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20B B D D A A A AC C III. 完成句子（每小题3 分，共30 分）1. Available in that shop2. So dirty that i have to wash it3. For a variety of reasons4. No matter how long it takes5. Cellphones do harm to brains6. Commit himself to working for peace7.will soon get used to it8.contribute to this discussion9. Be involved in important decisions10. With regard to life and deathIV. 段落翻译（一题，共20 分）在20世纪60年代，贝尔实验室开发的技术，可以支持的蜂窝网络的设计。

然而，在联邦通信委员会，联邦通讯委员会，以开发一个蜂窝网络在1971。

这两个都想赢得比赛，对手在1973做出了一个大胆的、无礼的举动！江苏开放大学大学英语（A）（专）形成性考核 3试题I. Choose the choice that best fits into the blank.（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）1. No matter what Chinese banquet you ______, it is important to be punctual.A. attendB. attend toC. attendsD. attending2. Huangshan Mountain ___D___ in Huangshan, Anhui Province.A. situatesB. situatedC. situatingD. is situated3. With a long history of more than 2,000 years, the Great Wall is now considered to be one of the ____C__ wonders in the world.A. greatB. greaterC. greatestD. most great4. At last he found the key he ___B___.A. has lostB. had lostC. lostD. loses5. The number of the pupils ______.A. has increasedB. have increasedC. are increasedD. is increased6. His Selected Poems ___C___ in 1955.A. was first publishedB. has been first publishedC. were first publishedD. had first been published7. All the __C____ in the hospital will get a rise tomorrow.A. women-doctorsB. woman doctorsC. women doctorsD. doctors of women8. He wants nothing but a house of ____B__.A. his ownB. himselfC. his fatherD. his own house9. The couple looked at ______ and accepted the salesman’s offer.A. one anotherB. each otherC. themselvesD. them10. After ___C___ breakfast, we had ______ discussion.A. the, aB. a, theC. /, aD. a, theII. Reading Comprehension.（每小题 2 分，共 40 分）Passage 1Mobile phones are the items that a lot of people are having today. However, do we really need to have a mobile phone by our side?We could start with the advantages of mobile phones. There are many things that we could do with mobile phones. With the advancement of technology, more and more features are being added to the mobile phones which make them more useful. In addition to making calls, mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, email, Internet access, business applications, gaming and photography. We can bring them everywhere, and can be reached by others anytime. They make the world smaller, bringing people together no matter where they are.But we could have some risks when using our mobile phones. We may have accidents whenwe use them while driving. Some studies show that mobile phones can do harm to our bodies; and materials in mobile phones could damage our environment.Since there are so many risks, why do we still have mobile phones? This is because these risks or disadvantages can be overcome. For example, while we are driving we can easily pull up our car if we really need to use the phone. Mobile phone manufacturers are reducing the radiation of mobile phones to avoid health risks.Though there are both pros and cons of using mobile phones, we could easily see that there are more advantages than disadvantages. Moreover, mobile phones are becoming cheaper, which might be another reason why mobile phones are increasingly used today.1. Which of the following functions is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Text messaging.B. Camera.C. GPS.2. What risks might mobile phones cause?A. Traffic accidents and health problems.B. Environmental damage.C. Both A and B.3. What are mobile phone manufacturers doing to prevent mobile phone users from health risks?A. They are reducing the radiation of mobile phones.B. They are trying to persuade people to use mobile phones less.C. They are developing new models of mobile phones.4. Why do people still use mobile phones despite their disadvantages?A. Because people don’t believe that mobile phones have any disadvantages.B. Because the disadvantages of mobile phones can be avoided.C. Because people cannot live without mobile phones.5. According to the last paragraph, why are mobile phones increasingly being used today?A. They are safer.B. They have more functions.C. They are becoming cheaper.Passage 2Chinese Young Volunteers Association (CYVA) was founded in 1994 by young people who are willing to devote themselves to social services. As a national voluntary non-profit organization, the Association improves the overall quality of youth and contributes to the general progress of economic and social development.Up to now, the association has carried out a series of volunteer activities. Sunshine Dancers is a non-profit program which was started in the Muslim primary school by the association. By hiring professional dance teachers, the association helps children from poor families to realize their dancing dream for free. Another major program run by CYVA is Protecting and Promoting the Rights of China’s Young Migrants（保护并促进青年农民工权益工程）. It aims to improve education for migrant youth in order to prevent their early entry into the labor force. Teams of university volunteers will be recruited and trained to provide after-school tutoring to junior high students from migrant schools.6. What does CYVA stand for?A. Chinese Young Volunteers AssociationB. China Youth Volunteer AssociationC. China Youth Volunteering Association7. When was CYVA founded?A. In 1994.B. In 1996.C. In 1998.8. Who founded CYVA?A. A group of local teachers.B. Young people who are willing to devote themselves to social services.C. The local government.9. What is the goal of CYVA?A. To improve the overall quality of youth.B. To contribute to the general progress of economic and social development.C. Both A and B.10. What are the programs carried out by CYVA?A. Sunshine Dancers.B. Protecting and Promoting the Rights of China’s Young Migrants.C. Both A and B.Passage 3Mr Brown was going away for a week. Before he left, he said to his son, “if anyone asks for me, you can tell him that your father has been out for doing something, and will be back in a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down for a cup of tea.”“OK, Dad,” said his son. But he was afraid his son couldn’t remember this, he wrote these words down on a piece of paper and gave it to him. His son put it into his small pocket, took it out and looked at it every now and then.Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece of paper was of no more use for him, so he burnt it that evening.The next afternoon, someone knocked at the door. The boy opened it. A man was standing at the door and said, “Where is your father?” The boy put his hand into his pocket at once and looked for the piece of paper. He could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, “No more.”The man was very surprised. He asked, “No more? I met your father last week. When did it happen?”“Burnt yesterday evening.”11. Mr. Brown told his son that __________________.A. he would be away from home for four daysB. he would be back in seven daysC. he would be back in a monthD. he liked a cup of tea12. Mr. Brown wrote the words down on __________________.A. the wallB. the doorC. a piece of paperD. his son's pocket13. A man came to visit the boy’s father on __________________.A. the second dayB. the third dayC. the fourth dayD. the fifth day14. The man was very surprised because __________________.A. he thought the child’s father was deadB. the child didn't ask him to sit downC. the child gave him a cup of teaD. he couldn't find that piece of paper15. What was burnt? __________________.A. The piece of paperB. Mr. SmithC. The visitorD. The boyPassage 4Two farmers were on their way home one evening after a hard day’s work. Both were tired. They happened to look up at the sky and saw a black cloud overhead.“Ah!”said one farmer, “tomorrow we shall have rain and the rice will grow well.” The second answered, “Nonsense, the rain will only kill the crops.”So they began to quarrel. Just then a third farmer came along and asked them why they were quarreling. Both farmers explained about the black cloud.“What cloud?” asked the third farmer. They all looked at the sky. The cloud was no longer there.16. The two farmers were __________________.A. going homeB. going to the fieldC. going to workD. going to see their friend17. The two farmers __________________ on that day.A. had a holidayB. Didn’t workC. worked hardD. wanted to quarrel with each other18. When there are black block clouds in the sky, __________________.A. it will rain soonB. it will be fineC. it will get hotD. the sun is shining brightly19. The two farmers fought in words because __________________.A. they were hungryB. it rainedC. one said the rain would do good to the crops and the othe r didn’t think soD. they both hoped for rain20. The third farmer came with and said to the other two. He __________________.A. wanted to make friends with themB. joined them in the quarrelC. wanted to know why they were quarrelingD. had nothings to doIII. Complete the sentences with the words from the bracket, and you should put them in proper order.（每小题 3 分，共 30 分）1. All sorts of lamps are__________________（可以在那家商店买到）.(in, shop, available, that)2. My apron is __________________（太脏了，我不得不洗它）.(dirty, have, that, I, so, wash, to, it)3. All of them arrive late __________________（由于种种原因）.(variety, reasons, for, of, a)4. We’ll have to find a job, __________________（不管花多长时间）.(how, it, long, takes, no matter)5. Do __________________（手机对大脑有害）?(harm, to, cell phones, brains, do)6. A thinking person must __________________（致力于为和平工作）.(working, commit, himself, to, for, peace)7. Driving on the left is strange at first but you __________________（很快就会习惯）. (get, used, to, will, soon, it)8. Otherwise you have nothing to __________________（为讨论做贡献）.(contribute, discussion, this, to)9. We cut down the number of people who needed to ________________（参与决定重大问题）. (in, involved, important, be, decisions)10. These words best describe his position __________________（关于生和死）.(with, death, to, life, regard, and)IV. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.（一题，共 20 分）In the 1960s, Bell Labs developed the technology that could support the design of a cellular network. However, AT&T sought permission from the Federal Communications Commission, the FCC, to develop a cellular network in 1971. As these two were trying to win the race, a competitor made a bold and cheeky move in 1973!。

第3次作业一、英语应用文（本大题共30分，共 3 小题，每小题 10 分）1.You are required to write a letter of enquiry according to the information given in Chinese below.你叫方兵，是南京师范大学应用数学系02级4班的学生，你想为班级订购《自然与数学》。

这是美国自然科学协会出版的一本比较受欢迎的学术刊物。

由芝加哥一家邮局代办邮订，地址：Fifth Avenue Post, 231 Fifth Avenue, Chicago。

你去信询问有关情况。

在信中你：1) 对这本杂志感兴趣，想订购2) 想先订半年，希望告知如何办理，能否用人民币代替美元3) 订两年以上是否给予优惠4) 国外邮资已包括在订购的价格中还是额外的(应用数学： applied mathematics；订购（阅）：subscribe / subscription；国外邮资：oversea postage；给予优惠：to offer a discount)Dear Sir,2.Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing. You are allowed twenty-five minutes to finish the writing according to the direction provided herein below .1. 事由：欢迎美国学生来我校参观。

2. 时间：20XX年6月22日上午9:00至13:003. 人数：约35人4. 具体安排：Words for reference:接待室 reception room,欢迎会 welcome party,食堂 student canteenAnnouncementWe are glad to have about thirty-five American students who will come to our school for a visit on June 22nd (Sunday)...____Students' Union3.You are required to write a letter to your teacher to tell her your English study plan with no less than 80 words.二、句子翻译（英译汉）（本大题共30分，共 6 小题，每小题 5 分）1.David studied each photo twice and read the captions carefully.2.The city can improve the traffic condition a lot by offering more options of transportation.3.Here are some of the rules copied from a grammar book to help those students who have difficulty in learning English.4.It is difficult to master a foreign language, but it pays to make the effort.5.Every year CCTV chooses “Moving China Top Ten” as the true role models from across the whole nation.6.In China, National Day is celebrated on a large scale.三、句子翻译（汉译英）（本大题共40分，共 10 小题，每小题 4 分）1.体育有益健康。

翻译课第一次作业参考答案：二、将下列关于翻译的英文定义翻译成汉语并写在作业本上。

主要是第2个定义。

第3个不一定要做在作业本上。

课堂上口头检查。

1) Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.（Nida&Taber,1969:12）(Nada, 1974)（1）当代美国翻译理论家奈达的定义是：翻译就是用接受语复制出与原语信息最接近的自然等值体——首先是就意义而言，其次是就风格而言。

（2）“所谓翻译，是指从语义到文体在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息”。

2) A good translation is one which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language as to be as distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the country of which the language belongs as it is by those who speak the language of the original work. (Tytler)（1) 好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言，以使译入语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受，如同使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。

（泰特勒，1790）（2) 好的翻译应该是把原作的优点完整地移注到另一种语言中，以使译入语所属国家的人能够像使用原作语言的人一样，清晰地领悟、强烈地感受。

部编版八年级上语文寒假作业之课内文言文翻译专项练习姓名：__________ 班级：__________考号：__________一、翻译1.翻译下列句子。

（1）虽乘奔御风，不以疾也。

（2）素湍绿潭，回清倒影。

2.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。

（1）风烟俱净，天山共色。

（2）急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔。

（3）泉水激石，泠泠作响；好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。

3.将下列句子翻译成现代汉语：（1）风烟俱净，天山共色。

（2）负势竞上，互相轩邈，争高直指，千百成峰。

（3）鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶世务者，窥谷忘反。

（4）横柯上蔽，在昼犹昏。

4.用现代汉语翻译下列句子。

（1）故君子有不战，战必胜矣。

（2）富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈。

（3）困于心，衡于虑，而后作；征于色，发于声，而后喻。

（4）入则无法家拂士，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡。

5.解释下列各句中加点的词。

父命．之________ 与民由．之________ 威武不能屈．________ 妾妇之道．________是焉．．得为大丈夫乎________ 居．天下之广居________ 无违．夫子________ 往之女．家________ 6.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。

（1）高峰入云，清流见底。

（2）两岸石壁，五色交辉。

（3）晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣。

（4）自康乐以来，未复有能与其奇者。

（5）月色入户，欣然起行。

（6）念无与为乐者，遂至承天寺寻张怀民。

（7）庭下如积水空明，水中藻、荇交横，盖竹柏影也。

7.翻译句子。

（1）何苦而不平？（2）寒暑易节，始一反焉。

8.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。

（1）风烟俱净，天山共色。

（2）蝉则千转不穷，猿则百叫无绝。

9.翻译文言句子的意思。

甚矣！汝之不惠。

10.参照课文注释,翻译下列句子。

（1）游鱼细石，直视无碍。

（2）经纶世务者，窥欲忘反。

11.用现代汉语写出文中下面句子的意思，并要注意准确表现说话者的不同语气。

（1）吾与汝毕力平险，指通豫南，达于汉阴，可乎？（2）子子孙孙无穷匮也，而山不加增，何苦而不平？12.把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。

翻译第三次作业翻译第三次作业：请大家翻译下文中黑体划线部分。

祝大家学习愉快啊！Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make up their own minds. They are prepared to take the initiative, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They will take any sort of job anywhere rather than be unemployed. They do not care to be looked after by the government. The average American changes his or her job nine or ten times during his or her working life.Americans have a warmth and friendliness which is less superficial than many foreigners think. They are considered sentimental. When on ceremonial occasions they see a flag, or attend parades celebrating American's past, tears may come to their eyes. Reunions with family and friends tend to be emotional, too. They like to dress correctly, even if “correctly”me ans flamboyantly. They love to boast, though often with tongue in cheek. They can laugh at themselves and their country, and they can be very self-critical, while remaining always intensely patriotic. They have a wide knowledge of everyday things, and a keen interest in their particular city and states. Foreigners sometimes complain, however, that they have little interest in or knowledge of the outside world.The Americans have a passion for grandeur. Their skyscrapers, bridges and dams often have a splendor which matches in beauty and scale the country's natural wonders.Is the sole aim of most Americans to make money andpossess luxuries which could be called excessive? The majority of Americans would certainly deny this, though most feel proud to amass wealth and possessions through hard work. In the USA, about 90% of the population is well enough off to expect a brighter future. The USA still has one of the highest standards of living in the world, although, at the present time, 10% are below what the Go vernment considers to be the “poverty line.”While these underprivileged people receive help from the Government, they have no high hopes for their future. It is from this “underclass,”and those who take advantage of it, that most of the violence springs the violence which is one of the least pleasant aspects of American society.Americans are beginning to realize that this terrible problem of poverty is their problem and not just the Government’s. It has been said that the individual American is generous, but that the American nation is hard.The USA is reputed to be a classless society. There is certainly not much social snobbery or job snobbery. The manual worker is usually quite at ease in any company. This is partly explained by the fact that people of all income groups go together to the same schools. Americans are far more race-conscious than they are class-conscious.。

2007-2008学年第1学期英汉翻译课程A卷Part ⅠBlank Filling (20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in this part. Fill in the blanks. You should write the answer on the corresponding part of the answer paper.1. 1 在《< 2 >译例言》中提出信、达、雅的标准，成为近一个世纪以来中国译界最为推崇的翻译标准。

2.在《英汉翻译综合教程》中，作者对应于信、达、雅，在翻译效果评价方面将译作分为三个层次。

它们依次是 3 、 4 、 5 。

3.就翻译所涉语言而论，翻译可分为 6 和7 。

4.从词的方面来讲，8 、9 、10 是翻译三种基本技巧。

5.著名翻译理论家奈达借用语言学家11 的理论，创建了读者反映论。

6.语言符号有三种意义，它们是12 、13 、14 ，其中，15 是翻译中最难以传达的意义。

7.在《英汉翻译综合教程》中，作者模仿奈达的冰山模型，将原文文本和译文文本各分为三个层次。

其中，原文文本分为16 、17 、18 。

8.现代著名翻译家傅雷从绘画的角度出发，提出翻译的最高标准是19 。

9.中国古代最伟大的佛经翻译家是20 。

Part ⅡLSP T ext T ranslation (40 points)Directions: This part consists of two English texts. You should translate them into Chinese, and write down your translation on the answer paper.T ext 1The figures for burglaries have risen alarmingly over the last few years and are now quite appalling. Let me quote you a few statistics about break-ins. A house is burgled now about every three minutes, and over the past five years the number of burglaries reported to the police has risen by approximately 60,000 to well over 500,000 this year. The insurance companies report that last year alone household burglary losses rose by 38 per cent over the previous year to 219.7 million pounds, and I believe one or two companies are refusing to provide burglary cover in what we might call high-risk areas. (20 points)T ext 2Bluetooth is the newest kid on the technology block, and it holds a lot of promise for the assistive technology industry. Named for a 10th Century King of Denmark who unified the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communication specification that promises to improve and increase electronic access to a number of environments by overcoming some of the obstacles typical of current technology. Bluetooth technology will enable devices to communicate and transfer data wirelessly and without the line-of-site issues of infrared technology. (20 points)Part ⅢT ransitional LSP T ext T ranslation (20 points)Directions: This part consists of one English text. You should translate it into Chinese, and write down your translation on the answer paper.I experienced the community of people who worked hard but always with plenty of laughing and singing. These people were dirt-poor by western standards, with no running water or electricity or any other modern convenience. Yet, they display tremendous joy in their lives with their keen senses of humor and their liking for dancing and drumming till the early hours of morning. I learned a powerful lesson that will continue to impress me for decades to come. Happiness is not dependent on material wealth and it was this lesson that eventually led me to question the American dream, a dream of gaining as much money, power and status as humanly possible.Part ⅣLiterary T ext T ranslation (20 points)Directions: This part consists of one English text. You should translate the underlined sections into Chinese, and write down your translation on the answer paper.When I saw her first there was a smoke of mist about her as high as her foreyard. Her topsails and flying kites had a faint glow upon them where the dawn caught them. Then the mist rolled away from her, so that we could see her hull and the glimmer of the red sidelight as it was hoisted inboard. She was rolling slightly, tracing an area against the heaven, and as I watched her the glow upon her deepened, till every sail she wore burned rosily like an opal turned to the sun, like a fiery jewel. She was radiant, she was of an immortal beauty, that swaying, delicate clipper. Coming as she came, out of the mist into the dawn. She was like a spirit, like an intellectual presence. Her hull glowed, her rails glowed: there was colour upon the boats and tackling. She was a lofty ship (with skysails and royal staysails), and it was wonderful to watch her blushing in the sun, swaying and curveting. She was alive with a more than mortal life. One thought that she would speak in some strange language or break out into a music which would express the sea and that great flower in the sky. She came trembling down to us, rising up high and plunging; showing the red lead below her water line; then diving down till the smother bubbled over her hawseholes. She bowed and curveted: the light caught the skylights on the poop; she gleamed and sparkled; she shook the sea from her as she rose. There was no man aboard of us but was filled with the beauty of that ship. I think they would have cheered her had she been a little nearer to us; but, as it was, we ran up our flags in answer to her, adding our position and comparing our chronometers, then dipping our ensigns and standing away. For some minutes I watched her, as I made up the flags before putting them back in their cupboard. The old mate limped up to me, and spat, and swore. “That's one of the beautiful sights of the world,” he said, “That, and a cornfield, and a woman with her child. It's beauty and strength. How would you like to have one of th em skysails round your neck?” I gave him some answer, and continued to watch her, till the beautiful, precise hull, with all its lovely detail, had become blurred to leeward, where the sun was now marching in triumph, the helm of a golden warrior plumed in cirrus.2007-2008学年第1学期英汉翻译课程A卷答题纸Part ⅠBlank Filling (20 points)1. 11.2. 12.3. 13.4. 14.5. 15.6. 16.7. 17.8. 18.9. 19.10. 20.Part ⅡLSP T ext T ranslation (40 points)T ext 1 (20 points)T ext 2 (20 points)Part ⅢT ransitional LSP T ext T ranslation (20 points)Part ⅣLiterary T ext T ranslation (20 points)Section 1 (10 points)Section 2 (10 points)河北理工大学外国语学院英汉翻译答案及评分标准A卷制定人：审核人：考试时间：主观题答案及评分标准（满分__100_分）Part ⅠBlank Filling (20 points)1. 严复11. 乔姆斯基2. 天演论12. 所指意义3. 拙译13. 实用意义4. 佳译14. 内部意义5. 妙译15. 内部意义6. 语内翻译16. 语言层次7. 语际翻译17. 逻辑层次8. 慎选词义18. 事理层次9. 改变词量19. 神似10. 变换词类20. （唐）玄奘Part ⅡLSP T ext T ranslation (40 points)参考答案：T ext 1在过去几年中，统计数字显示入室盗窃案件大幅上升，现在情况已经非常惊人。