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第3讲 英国历史宗教(英)

第3讲 英国历史宗教(英)

Early Britain (Before 1066)
Anglo-Saxon Britain (About AD410-1066)

The Contribution of Alfred the Great----the first national hero. 3. He was even greater in peace than he was in war. He established many schools and invited learned churchmen from Rome to teach at these schools. He was also active in promoting the teaching of Christianity. His writings and translations have been regarded as the beginning of prose literature in England.
Students’ Reports

Group 3
Students’ Reports

Group 4
Review Questions


What patterns of settlement and immigration has the UK demonstrated in history? (Refer to P13) How has English language evolved in history? (Refer to P16-17)
Early Britain (Before 1066)
Roman Britain (nearly 400 years of Occupation)

英国人民与宗教文化

英国人民与宗教文化

People and Religion in UKThe largest religious group in England is Christianity, with the Church of England ( Anglican ), in England it is the Established Church : the church is represented in the UK Parliament and the British monarch is a member of the church (required under Article 2of the Treaty of Union ) as well as its Supreme Governor . The Church of England also has the right to draft legislative measures (related to religious administration) through the General Synod that can then be passed into law by Parliament. 译文：最大的宗教团体在英国是基督教，与英国教会（圣公会），在英格兰是教会成立：教会是代表在英国议会和英国君主是教会成员（须根据第二条联盟条约）以及它的最高总督。

英格兰教会也有权制定立法措施，以宗教管理）通过（与总主教，然后可以由议会通过成为法律。

Between 2004 and 2008, the Office for National Statistics reported that the numberof Christians in Great Britain (rather than the UK as a whole) fell by more than 2 million. The single largest age-cohort in the Christian population is in those over 70 years of age. 译文：2004年至2008年，国家统计局报告说，在数量上的基督徒大不列颠（英国，而不是作为一个整体）万元下跌超过2。

英国的宗教信仰 英文版

英国的宗教信仰 英文版

The UK
• Britain spends more on defence than most other advanced industrial countries and maintains large professional forces. • It is the third largest spender in the world and is ranked fifth or sixth in terms of its military power.
British Security and Defence Policy
The Suez Crisis
the Channel Tunnel
How The main government department involved is of course the Foreign and Commonwealth Office,but many other government ministries also play a part in formulating and executing the government 's decisions. • In recent years,several large trade delegatons led by the British Trade Minster have visited China. • A less obvious,but extremely influential palyer in Britain foreign policy is the Treasury.
Britain and the United States
• Another major factor which influences British foreign policy is its relationship with the United State. • They have mutual cooperation in the areas of trade,commerce,finance,technology, academics,as well as the arts and sciences.

英国宗教与信仰概览

英国宗教与信仰概览

基督教，是一个相信耶稣基督为救主的一 神论宗教。基督教、佛教、伊斯兰教是世 界三大宗教，估计现在全球共有15亿至21 亿的人信仰基督教，占世界总人口25%-30%。 最早期的基督教只有一个教会，但在基 督教的历史进程中却分化为许多派别， 主要有天主教（中文也可译为公教、罗 马公教）、东正教、新教（中文又常称 为基督教）三大派别，以及其他一些影 响较小的派别。中文的“基督教”一词有 时被用于专指基督新教。
Religion in the United Kingdom
There are two established churches in Britain, that is, churches legally recognized as official churches of the State: in England the (Anglican) Church of England, and in Scotland the (Presbyterian) Church of Scotland.
Queen Elizabeth II
• Spiritual leader
Religion in the United Kingdom
The English Religious Reformation
Henry Ⅷ was about all responsible for the religious reform of the church. There are 3main reasons: a desire for change and reform in the Church had been growing for many years and now, encouraged by the success of Martin Luther (1483-1546), many people believed its time had come; the privilege and wealth of the clergy were also resented; and Henry needed money.

【英语国家概况教学】religious英国宗教[1]3

【英语国家概况教学】religious英国宗教[1]3

Religion in the United Kingdom
In B rita in to d a y , a la r g e p o p u la tio n o f p e o p le a re n o t re a lly in te re s te d in a t a ll . T h e s u c c e s s e s o f m o d e rn s c ie n c e a re p a rtly re s p o n s ib le fo r th is , T h e p rim e e x a m p le b e in g th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f D a r w in ’s fa m o u s th e o ry o f e v o lu tio n
T h e re a re tw o e s ta b lis h e d c h u rc h e s in B rita in , th a t is , c h u rc h e s le g a lly re c o g n iz e d a s o ffic ia l c h u rc h e s o f th e S ta te : in E n g la n d th e (A n g lic a n ) C h u rc h o f E n g la n d , a n d in S c o tla n d th e (P re s b y te ria n ) C h u rc h o f S c o tla n d .
Religion in the United Kingdom
The Free Churches
T h e te rm “F re e C h u rc h e s ” is o fte n u s e d to d e s c rib e o f th e P r o te s ta n t C h u rc h e s in B r ita in w h ic h , u n lik e th e C h u rc h o f E n g la n d a n d th e C h u r c h o f S c o tla n d , a re e s ta b lis h e d c h u rc h e s . In th e c o u rs e o f h is to ry th e y h a v e d e v e lo p e d th e ir o w n tra d itio n . A ll th e m a jo r F r e e C h u rc h e a llo w b o th m e n a n d w o m e n to b e c o m e m in is te rs . F o r th e M e th o d is t C h u rc h , a n d th e B a p tis ts .

the church of england

the church of england

英国国教，英文：Church of England，英国在宗教改革中建立的民族教会。

也称英格兰圣公会或安立甘教会。

英国国教也传播到爱尔兰、苏格兰和英属殖民地。

英国坎特伯雷大主教为各国圣公会的名义教宗。

16世纪英国专制王权与罗马教廷争夺英国教会最高统治权和经济利益的斗争加剧。

资产阶级和新贵族也觊觎教会占有的大量土地财产，这些矛盾由于教皇迟迟不批准亨利八世的离婚请求而演成公开对抗。

自1529年起亨利八世操纵议会实行自上而下的宗教改革，先后通过法令禁止向教廷纳贡，取消其最高司法权和其他种种特权。

1534年的《至尊法案》正式宣布国王为英教会的最高首脑，建立脱离罗马教廷的英国国教会。

但基本沿用旧教教义、礼仪和主教制。

爱德华六世时国教教义和仪式逐渐接近于新教。

1553年玛丽女王登位一度复辟天主教。

1558年伊丽莎白一世即位，重立英国国教会，规定官方教义和礼仪，镇压不服从国教的天主教徒和清教徒。

1563年颁布《公祷书》和《三十九条信纲》，规定英国国教的教义，以圣经为信仰的唯一原则，否认教皇的权力。

在17世纪英国革命中废除作为维护专制君主制和对抗清教运动的工具的国教会。

1660年斯图亚特王朝复辟后再次恢复国教会，并企图转向罗马旧教。

1688年政变后国教会深受加尔文教影响，逐渐变成资产阶级化的教会。

18和19世纪分别出现过提倡新教传统的福音运动和强调天主教传统的牛津运动。

这两派继续存在于圣公会.公导书公祷书(The Book of Common Prayer)是圣公会的祈祷用书。

是圣公会信仰的一个重要特征，也是保存圣公会信仰的重要途径。

公祷书不是圣经，也不是用以取代圣经的另一典籍，而是协助信徒使用和明白圣经的方法之一。

历史公祷书(The Book of Common Prayer)为英国教会克蓝玛大主教于1549年所出版的崇拜礼仪书，给所有教会使用，要全国教会遵守。

查1529年英王亨利八世称自己为英国教会的元首，克蓝玛被亨利提升为大主教，自英王亨利八世称自己为英国教会的元首后，遂展开一连串英国教会的改教工作。

英语国家概况英国宗教

爱尔兰的长老会、威尔士的长老会(加尔文卫理公会)和威尔士独立者联 合会。
LOGO
(3)罗马天主教会
非国教教会
英格兰和威尔士的罗马天主教会的正式组织在宗教改革后 一度消亡，但于1850年恢复。
大不列颠现在有七个由大主教领导的罗马天主教省，以及 由主教领导的30个主教区(英格兰和威尔士有22个教区，苏 格兰有8个，各自独立向教皇负责)。还有约3300个教区和约 7300位教士(只有男性能成为教士)。
LOGO
英格兰教 The Church of England
英格兰教也被称作“安立甘会” The Anglican Church 英格兰国教与君主有独特的联系，因为君主作为“Supreme
Governor of the Church of England and Defender of the Faith”——"教会的统 治者与国教的捍卫者"，必须是此教会的一员，君主在登 基时必须承诺维持国教。尽管在大主教和教区主教的选择 上皇室任职委员会起着决定性的作用,但是英格兰国教的 大主教、主教和教堂教长还是由君主根据首相的建议任命
在英格兰是英格兰国教在苏格兰是苏格兰教会长老教英格兰教thechurchofengland英格兰教也被称作安立甘会theanglicanchurch英格兰国教与君主有独特的联系因为君主作为supremegovernorofthechurchofenglandanddefenderofthefaith教会的统治者与国教的捍卫者必须是此教会的一员君主在登基时必须承诺维持国教
主教（The Primate of All England）。
LOGO
LOGO
LOGO
苏格兰教The Church of Scotland

lecture 3 英国宗教


The Ten Commandments (1)
The Ten Commandments are found in the Bible and are central to the Christian faith. They are believed to be the word of God and to have been handed down to his people through the prophet Moses. They set out a basic ethical system of moral and social behavior, governing the standards of family relations, regard for human life, sex, property, speech and thought. The first four commandments are: I am the Lord your God; Thou shalt not worship any other God but me; Thou shalt not take the name of thy God in vain; Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day (the day of rest-Sunday).
Focus Questions
What are the major religions in Britain? Describe the Christian religion? What are the major difference between Anglican Church & Roman Catholic Church? What are the differences between Roman Catholic & Protestant Church? Information about the other religions in Britain. Major Christian festivals. Related useful information

Religion宗教-英国国教


资料网址
• /shownews.asp?id= 210
在同国内外基督教教徒接触时，应注意以下礼仪问题：
• 1．不要混淆不同教派的不同教条。比如，神父和牧师就 是天主教与新教对神职人员的不同称呼，不可混为一谈，尤其 不能将不同教派的教义混淆，当着不同教派的信徒乱说。向基 督教徒赠送的礼品上，不应有其他宗教信仰崇拜的偶像。 2．不宜对其尊崇的上帝、基督，以及圣事和教义说长道 短，评论指摘。要尊重他人的宗教信仰自由。 3．基督教的教堂允许非教徒参观，但首先应当尊重对方 的意愿，征得同意。进入教堂后，应当脱帽，并且不能大声喧 哗，不得妨碍正当的宗教活动。 4．要尊重基督教徒的守斋之习。在守斋时，他们是不吃 肉食，不饮酒的。平日，他们通常不食蛇、鳝。在用餐前，他 们多进行祈祷。 5．要尊重基督教徒的忌讳。比如对13与星期五的忌讳。 6．不是基督教徒，最好不要乱戴乱用基督教的标志十 字架。
• Church of England is uniquely related to the Crown in that the Sovereign must be a member of that Church and as “Defender of the Faith”. The Church is also linked with the State through the House of loads. The church of England is not free to change its form of worship, as laid down in the Book of Common Prayer without the consent of Parliament.
• 英国国教的牧师有权选择自己的方式来进行祷告仪式。在一些教堂里， 仪式复杂，教堂装饰金碧辉煌，牧师穿着长袍(robe)，其气氛极像天 主教仪式(the Catholic service)，这在英国被人们称作高级教堂(High Church)，在一些非常普通的教堂(Low Church)，其仪式(ritual)十分 简单，牧师也不穿精美的长袍(robe)，教堂的装饰也十分简洁。

西方宗教英文ppt


Protestant culture
Although the Reformation was a religious movement, it also had a strong impact on all other aspects of life: marriage and family, education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy, and the arts.Protestant churches reject the idea of a celibate priesthood （独身牧师）and thus allow their clergies(牧师） to marry.Many of their families contributed to the development of intellectual elites in their countries.Since about 1950, women have entered the ministry, and some have assumed leading positions in most Protestant churches.
宗教
RELIGION
-------基督新教
Protestantism
Protestantis P rotestantism is a form of Christian faith and m
practice which originated with the Protestant Reformation(宗教改革）,a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church.It is one of the three major divisions of Christendom, together with Roman Catholicism (天主教）and Eastern Orthodoxy(东正教）. Anglicanism(英国国教） is sometimes considered to be independent from Protestantism.The term refers to the letter of protestation from Lutheran princes in 1529 against an edict condemning the teachings of Martin Luther as heretical.
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Britain and international institutions
• In the past,Britain was powerful enough to act independently in the world in order to bring about its policy objectives. • Nowadays its foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in a number of important international institutions. • In 1973 the United Kingdom joined the European Economic Community .
Britain and the United States
• Another major factor which influences British foreign policy is its relationship with the United State. • They have mutual cooperation in the areas of trade,commerce,finance,technology, academics,as well as the arts and sciences.
The UK
• Britain spends more on defence than most other advanced industrial countries and maintains large professional forces. • It is the third largest spender in the world and is ranked fifth or sixth in terms of its military power.
Unit 8
British Foreign Relations
Britain Then and Now
• After a lengthy fight with Axis powers,the United Kingdom eventually emerged victorious and with its empire still largely intact. • when the war ended ,Britain was the largest military power in Western Europe. • Its power and prestige ensured it would have a big influence on the postwar international order.
the Channel Tunnel
How Foreign Policy is Made
• The main government department involved is of course the Foreign and Commonwealth Office,but many other government ministries also play a part in formulating and executing the government 's decisions. • In recent years,several large trade delegatons led by the British Trade Minster have visited China. • A less obvious,but extremely influential palyer in Britain foreign policy is the Treasury.
the Axis powers
The Foundations of British's foreign policy
• The contemporary foreign policy of the UK is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits. • Perhaps the most important single factor which influences British policy-makers is its history. • A second decisive influence upon the way Britain conducts its external affairs is geopolitical.
British Security and Defence Policy
The Suez Crisis
Hale Waihona Puke