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基础知识讲座Master the Basics栏目编辑：文二霞 ******************86·February-CHINA 2004年奥迪公司在原有V型汽油机系列的基础上开发了两款用于新型奥迪A6轿车上的全新V6汽油机，其中V6-3.2L -4V-FSI直喷式汽油机是新型缸内燃油分层直接喷射式(FSI)汽油机系列的第一款V6代表机型，它是着重满足奥迪品牌轿车的运动型动力性能要求的顶级V6机型，而新型V6-2.4L -4V-MPI多点气门口喷射(MPI)汽油机是与上述机型同步开发的一款以舒适性为目标的基本机型，实际上是原有2.4L -5V-MPI汽油机的改进型。
2006年奥迪公司又推出了采用奥迪可变气门升程系统和可调机油泵的第一款替代机型V6-2.8L -FSI。
2008年奥迪公司再次推出的V6-3.0L -TFSI机型是奥迪首款增压直喷式汽油机，使得V6汽油机系列动力总成的品种向更高的功率扩展，进一步凸现了奥迪轿车运动型动力性能的品牌特色。
本文将分别对V6-3.2L -4V-FSI燃油分层直接喷射汽油机、V6-2.4L -4V-MPI多点气门口喷射汽油机、V6-3.0L -TFSI增压直喷式汽油机的结构和性能进行重点详细介绍。
范明强(本刊专家委员会委员)教授级高级工程师，参加过陕西汽车制造总厂的筹建工作，主管柴油机的产品开发，1984年调往机械工业部无锡油泵油嘴研究所，曾任一汽无锡柴油机厂、第一汽车集团公司无锡研究所高级技术顾问、湖南奔腾动力科技有限公司总工程师。
奥迪新型A6轿车V6汽油发动机重点解析(二)◆文/江苏 范明强(接上期)3.工作过程的优化V6-3.2L -4V-FSI直喷式汽油机的热力学开发目标是使发动机具有运动型动力性能的特点，并且经济性好又适合于日常使用，开发的重点是要达到非常高的升扭矩和升功率目标值，其基础是具备全球运用潜力的新型均质FSI燃烧过程，并以ROZ95/91号汽油品质为基础进行开发。
Advanced Training Course -AB 026Diesel EnginesTraining ProgrammeTraining course:AB 026Diesel enginesCourse duration:4 daysTraining material preparation Topics covered− Fundamentals of engine mechanicals − Using special tools− Stripping, checking and assembling engines − Basic engine adjustment− Fundamentals of diesel injection systems−Fuel supply, injectors, glow plug system and injector pump− Measures to reduce emission of pollutants − Systematic method of fault finding and repair − Self-diagnosis Training Objectives The participants should be able to • recognise • carry out • and describe− the current mechanicals of direct injection diesel engines − the design, function and diagnosis of special diesel enginecomponentsThe recommended teaching methodis shown as a pictogram after the targets.= instruction/discussion= team work= practical work= overheadPlease use the recommended teaching aids.Training course:AB 026Diesel enginesCourse duration: 4 daysTraining material preparationCourse overheads oriented towards the participants (as required)• all modulesVideos oriented towards the participants (as required)References oriented towards the participants (as required)• Workshop Manuals•Self-study Programmes (SSP)•Technical Service Handbook•Fault finding folder• Special information•Current flow diagramsExercise and demonstration materials − 3 vehicles with current TDI engines −Other parts if availableSpecial tools see Technical literature (Workshop Manual)+ Compulsory modules K-VK 36 rt 31.10.2000word6.Ab026ePage 4/19Topics/modules Training Objectives Suggested methods Suggested procedure Materials/description Remarks+WelcomeThe participants receive• an overview of the training course andits targetsDiscussionIntroduction:Trainer/group, course agenda,intervals.• Overheads • Flip chart +Record participant interestsThe participants• share responsibility for and have aninterest in the courseIndividual/teamwork Interests, wishes and problems are noted on presentation charts and displayedTo get the most out of learning and working, you can agree on training rules.• Promptcards Expectationquestionnaire see 10 rules appendix +Quality of serviceThe participants must be aware that • quality of service is the most importantpart of our presence on the marketInstruction/discussionDiscussionWhat does each of the participants contribute to ensure quality of service in their company?• Flipchart • “Quality of service today”overhead module • VW/Audi TV ifnecessaryThe module can be used at any point in the course.+Current product informationThe participants should• know current customer problems andhow to solve themaccording to the TSH and VW/Audi current product information • know current product innovationsInstruction/team workWork through the current problems cited with the participants• TSH • CurrentVW/Audi productinformation (if available)The module can be used at anypoint in thecourse.+ Compulsory modules K-VK 36 rt 31.10.2000word6.Ab026ePage 5/19Topics/modules Training Objectives Suggested methods Suggested procedureMaterials/description Remarks+Fuel supplyThe participants learn about• fuel supply in direct injection dieselenginesInstruction/discussionThe trainer works through the fuel supply in discussion with the participants.• Overheads • Self-studyprogram+Thefundamentals of engine mechanicalsThe participants learn about • the mechanicals of direct injection diesel engines.• carrying out the actual conditionassessment.Instruction/discussionThe trainer presents the new features and the functional principle.The trainer explains the actual status assessment• Overheads • Self-studyprogram • Models • Demonstrationparts • Measuringtools For this section,the participants strip two diesel engines (in two groups)2.+Basic engine settingsThe participants should be able to • carry out basic static adjustments inaccordance with regulations.Instruction/team workTogether with the participants, the trainer completes the power plant with reference to the current literature.+Pumpinjector elementsThe participants should familiarise themselves with• the design and the function of thepump injector elements.Instruction/discussionThe trainer explains design and function of the elements.• Pump injector element • Overheadset+ Compulsory modules K-VK 36 rt 31.10.2000word6.Ab026ePage 6/19Topics/modulesTraining ObjectivesSuggested methods Suggested procedure Materials/description RemarksCommonRail System The participants should familiarise themselves with• the mechanical-hydraulic function.Instruction/discussionThe trainer explains themechanical-hydraulic function.• Overheads • SSP+Basic dynamic adjustmentThe participants should be able to • check the basic settings with the VAS5051 tester.Team work3 groups check the dynamic basis settings on 3 vehicles.• 3 TDI vehicles • 3 VAS 5051testers+Self-The participants should• be familiar with the function of self-diagnosis.• be able to use self-diagnosisefficiently.Team workUsing the service literature the participants work through self-diagnosis on 3 vehicles.• 3 TDI vehicles• 3 VAS 5051testers •Workshop Manual+ Compulsory modules K-VK 36 rt 31.10.2000word6.Ab026ePage 7/19Topics/modules Training ObjectivesSuggested methods Suggested procedure Materials/description Remarks+VTG chargerThe participants should familiarise themselves with• the design and function of the VTGcharger.InstructionThe trainer explains design and function of the turbocharger.• Demonstrationparts • VTGcharger,disassembledTheTDI system The participants familiarise themselves with• the design of an electronicallycontrolled diesel injection system.Team workEach group puts together a presentation.TDI systemVP 37VP 44Pump injector• 3vehicles +TDI4-cylinder The participants should familiarise themselves with• quantity control, commencement ofinjection, charge pressure control,EGR, special functions and auxiliary signals.InstructionThe trainer explains the function of the components and the system.• Overheads • Self-studyprogram+ Compulsory modules K-VK 36 rt 31.10.2000word6.Ab026ePage 8/19Topics/modules Training ObjectivesSuggested methods Suggested procedureMaterials/description Remarks+Enginemanagement-systems TDI with pump injectorThe participants should familiarise themselves with• the special features of the sensors,actuators and the differences from the system with VP 37.Team work,instructionThe group presents the differences in the sensor and the actuator systems from the system with VP 37.The trainer supplements and explains the interrelations.• Overhead set • Self-studyprogram • Demonstrationparts+Enginemanagement V6 TDI with VP 44 BoschThe participants should familiarise themselves with• the special features of the sensors,actuators and the differences from the other systems.InstructionThe trainer explains theinterrelations between the sensor and actuator systems and the differences from the other systems..• V6 overhead set+Enginemanagement TDI withCommon Rail SystemThe participants should• familiarise themselves with thespecial features of the sensor and actuator systems and the differences compared to other systems. .• familiarise themselves with thedesign and function of the V8Common Rail System.Teamwork with presentationThe participants work through the Common Rail System and present the differences from the other TDI systems.• Self-studyprogram • Overhead set • Demonstrationparts+ Compulsory modules K-VK 36 rt31.10.2000word6.Ab026ePage 9/19Topics/modules Training ObjectivesSuggestedmethods Suggested procedure Materials/description Remarks +Evaluating measured value blocksThe participants should be able to • evaluate and assess the measuredvalue blocks from the various injection systems.• identify the causes of errors.Teamwork in three groupsThe groups read out all the measured value blocks.Evaluation by all the participants follows.• WorkshopManualCopy output for all theparticipants. .+Pump injector elementsThe participants should familiarise themselves with• the design and the function of thepump injector elements.Instruction/discussionThe trainer explains design and function of the elements.• Pump injector element • Overheadset +Developing a fault finding strategyThe participants should be able to • develop their own fault finding strategywith the aid of the literature.Team work3 groups use the literature to work out a fault finding strategy. The results are then discussed by the whole group.• Serviceliterature +Testing the fault finding strategy The participants should• learn how to apply the strategy they have worked out.Team work3 groups work on 3 vehicles eachof which has one fault.• 3 vehicles • 1551• 1526• measuringaids+ Compulsory modules K-VK 36 rt 31.10.2000word6.Ab026ePage 10/19Topics/modules Training Objectives Suggested methods Suggested procedure Materials/description Remarks+Presentation of resultsThe participants should • present their results.One group member presentsPresentation with discussion• Flip chart • Board • Presentation chart+Summary and conclusion The participants • review the course.• are motivated to apply what theyhave learnt on the course in their workplaces and build on itDialogSummarise the training material coveredFinally, work through participants'expectations.Training objectiveMethodPersonal notes/instructionsFamiliarisation with the fuel supply in direct injection diesel engines• If possible, touch on all the systems.- VP 37- VP 44- Pump injector -Common Rail SystemFamiliarisation with different fuels and their properties.• Low-sulphur fuel • Paraffinseparation • Rape seed methylester • Do not mix with petrolFamiliarisation with themechanicals of direct injection diesel engines.• Familiarisation with the phases ofengine function • What do we want to achieve?- high performance - low consumption - few pollutants-broad engine speed range • Highlight the following in particular:- port timing -compressionTraining objectiveMethodPersonal notes/instructionsCarrying out an actual state assessment• Measuring the piston projection • Determining the condition of thecylinder head gasket • Damageassessment Basic engine adjustment To be able to adjust port timingtemporarily for testing purposes.• Emphasise how important precisesetting of the port timing is!Design and function of the pump injector elements.• Mechanical-hydraulic function.• Please use the pump injectoroverhead set.Design and function of the Common Rail System.• Mechanical-hydraulicfunction.• Please use the V8 TDI Common RailSystem overhead set.Training objectiveMethodPersonal notes/instructionsDynamic basic setting with the VAS 5051 tester.• The participants work independentlyin 3 groups of four.• Please do not fail to refer to theservice literature.• The trainer gives help whererequired.The participants should familiarise themselves with the functions of the self-diagnosis system and be able to use it efficiently.• The participants work independentlyin 3 groups of four.• The trainer gives help whererequired.Working Materials for the Advanced Training Course - AB 026Diesel EnginesEngine Function Phases - MechanicalsDiesel EnginesQ PrimingQ CompressionQ OperationQ EmissionsTemplateEngine Function Phases - MechanicalsDiesel EnginesQ Priming•Pistons from TDC to BDC•Inlet valve opens, exhaust valve closed – port timing•Leak Tightness - suction side - warm-up•Induction of air - air excess - oxygen• Turbulence – air swirlsQ Compression•Pistons from BDC to TDC•Inlet valve and exhaust valve closed – port timing, oilpressure• Compression – leak tightness• Turbulence – air swirlsQ Operation•Pistons from TDC to BDC•Inlet valve and exhaust valve closed – port timing• Injection point – combustionQ Emissions•Pistons from BDC to TDC•Inlet valve closed, exhaust valve open – port timing• Exhaust system – back pressure, leak tightnessAnswer sheetTraining Course ContentsQ Fundamentals of engine mechanicalsQ Using special toolsQ Basic engine adjustmentQ Stripping, checking and assembling enginesQ Fundamentals of diesel injection systems Q Fuel supplyQ Glow plug system, injectors, diesel catalysorQ Injection pumpQ Systematic method of error detection and repairQ Self-diagnosisQ Current product informationThe 10 Rules of TrainingQ Take time for questions and problemsQ Any question is permittedQ Listen to the person speaking and allow him/her to finish what they are sayingQ Interruptions take priorityQ Keep to the timeframes agreedQ The group determines the learning speed Q Concentrate on the theme agreedQ Co-ordinate the teamworkQ Honest feedback on the work doneQ Bring your experience and your knowledge with youFor internal use only.© Volkswagen AG, Service Training, K-VK-36, POB 1995-2, rt. All rights reserved. Technical specifications subject to alterations. Technical version: see Contents。
转奥迪C6培训资料奥迪C6培训资料1 C6培训一、发动机(1)、3.0升柴油共轨V6发动机介绍3.0升柴油共轨V6发动机是奥迪新一代V形发动机的一种。
其尺寸和轻量化使其成为最轻和最紧凑的柴油发动机。
其动力输出可以给人以极深印象，即65kw/4000rpm和450Nm/1500rpm。
发动机因其清洁系统中具有催化转化器、氧传感器、可冷却的排气再循环及颗粒滤清器而符合欧四排放要求。
1、曲轴箱3.0升V6共轨TDI发动机缸体是由GGV-40制造，缸心距为90mm。
曲轴箱在位于曲轴中心处分开，使用轴承支架材料为GGG60。
气缸采用UV光子珩磨，优化其摩擦性能，并使发动机初始机油消耗减至最低。
珩磨后发动机缸筒采用激光再度加工表面。
高强度的激光使缸筒表面不平度再次降低，使缸筒在使用初期就非常光滑2、曲轴驱动曲轴由回火硬化钢制造，支承在四个主轴承上。
采用带梯形边杆，用螺栓与曲轴相连。
连杆上部用用喷镀轴承，下部用三材料轴承。
铸造活塞由环状道用压力油冷却。
活塞无阀腔并且设计成中央布置的箱形活塞3、汽缸盖每缸四阀使燃烧室充气最佳。
气门由摇杆凸轮机构驱动，摩擦力小且气门间隙由液压补偿。
这种结构可能减小燃油消耗并改善排放。
另外一个优点是减小噪音。
这种结构使3.0升的TDI发动机运转极端平稳。
4、凸轮轴凸轮轴使用IHU(内部高压再铸造)制造。
这种方法用在精密的钢管、凸轮环和两个钢塞。
排气凸轮轴由进气凸轮轴通过齿轮传动。
新特点是采用了直齿齿轮。
这与过去的斜齿不同。
5、齿轮间隙补偿由进气凸轮轴驱动的排气凸轮轴直齿轮分成两部分。
宽的部分由弹簧支撑在凸轮轴上并且在前部有三个斜面。
窄的部分在轴向和径向均可移动且有沟槽，沟槽与宽齿轮的斜面相对应。
碟形弹簧以固定的轴向力推动窄齿轮。
同时，宽齿轮上的斜面将轴向力转化成旋转动。
这就补偿了两个驱动直齿轮的齿隙，导致了齿隙的补偿。
6、链驱动在新一代发动机上采用链传动代替了以前的齿形带传动。
链条采用单套筒链条并置于变速箱侧。
