最新宾语补足语讲解00236
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宾语补足语: 宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语,与宾语一起构成复合宾语。
可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等。
(一)、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语。
1. We call him Jim. (名词)我们叫他吉姆。
2. We must keep our school clean every day. (形容词) 我们必须每天保持校园清洁。
3. Call him in, please. (副词)请叫他进来。
4. Leave it on the desk. (介词短语) 把它留在课桌上。
(二)、动词不定式作宾语补足语可分为三种情况:1. 跟带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。
常见的这类动词有:ask, tell, teach, want, invite, encourage等。
如:Tell Jane to sing us a song. 叫简给我们唱支歌。
2. 跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
常见的这类动词有"一感 (feel )、二听(listento, hear ) , 三让( make, let, have ) , 四看( look at, see, watch, notice )如:Let 's have a rest. 让我们休息一会儿。
但这种结构变成被动语态时,to 必须加上。
如:He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand. 有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间。
3. 跟带to 或不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
这类动词只有help 。
如:Can you help me (to) wash my clothes ? 你能帮我洗衣服吗?(三)、分词作宾语补足语可分为两种情况。
1. 现在分词作宾语补足语,经常表示正在发生的动作。
可跟这类补足语的动词有:see, watch,hear 等。
如:I hear somebody singing in the next room.我听见有人在隔壁唱歌。
初中英语语法:宾语补足语一、宾语补足语的概念某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当,第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等,称为宾语补足语。
句子结构是:主+谓+宾+宾补I'm going to paint it pink.句子中的it显然是宾语。
主语将要做的并不是it,而是paint it pink。
pink 是句子中的宾语补足语。
它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是执行了paint的动作。
二、宾语补足语与双宾语的区别宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的,双宾语是同等地位的宾语,二者在本质上是不同的。
1、比如pass me the book中,me是间接宾语,指人,也是近宾语;the book是直接宾语,指物,也是远宾语。
又如:They gave him a watch. 这里的him 是间接宾语, a watch 是直接宾语,这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语。
常用宾语:常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read等。
2、在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,称为宾语补足语,简称宾补。
比如说: I heard Jean singing this morning. 句子中的Jean显然是宾语。
但是主语I听到的并不是Jean,而是Jean singing。
singing 是句子中的宾语补足语。
它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是Jean执行了singing的动作。
句子中的singing是现在分词做宾语补足语。
三、宾语补足语的各种形式能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有:不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介宾短语等。
宾语补足语讲解及练习宾语补足语讲解一、定义:宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后,对宾语进行补充说明。
二、句子结构是:主+谓+宾+宾补三宾语补足语的词语形式有:副词,形容,名词,介词短语,不定式(带to/不带to ),分词(现在分词/过去分词)四、具体说明:1) 副词作宾语补足语如: I found him in yesterday.2) 形容词作宾语补足语如: We must keep our classroom clean 3) 名词作宾语补足语如: We call them mooncakes. 4) 介词短语作宾语补足语如: I left my pen on my desk athome. 5) 不定式作宾语补足语如:She often asks me to help her. I often see him play football.用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明:① help 后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带 to 也可以不带to 。
如: I often help my mother (to ) do some housework.② 在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带 to 。
这些动词有:一感:feel ;二听:hear, listen to ;三让:let, have, make 四观看:observe, see,watch, look at 如: I saw the boy climb the wall (过程)如: The boss makes the boy work day and night.这类动词转为被动语态时,其后不定式符号 to 要重新加上去(注意have 没有被动语态)。
Though he had often made his little sister cry , today he was made to cry by hislittle sister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹,但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了③表示心理状态的动词( con sider, think, believe, discover, fin d, imagi ne, judge,suppose, prove等)后接不定式to be+形容词或名词”结构作宾语补足语。
宾语补足语高中英语讲解及习题宾语补足语宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分。
宾语补足语常常放在宾语之后,和宾语一起构成复合宾语。
一、常见的能接宾语补足语的词语1.使役动词(1)使役动词makemake用作使役动词表示“使”时,可跟复合结构,即“make +宾语+宾语补足语”,其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to的不定式、过去分词。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我们无法出去。
He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己让别人听到。
What makes the grass grow?什么使得草生长?★动词不定式作make的宾语补足语时要用省略to的形式,但如果用在被动语态中,to一定不能省略。
She was made to work twelve hours a day.她被迫每天工作十二个小时。
(2)使役动词havehave表示“使得??”,其后接宾语补足语,常用于以下结构:①have sb. do sth.使/让某人做某事②have sb. Doing sth.使/让某人一直做某事③have sth. Done使/让某事被做;遭遇某种不幸The teacher had the little boy write on the blackboard.老师让这个小男孩在黑板上写。
1 / 8don't have the lights burning all the night.不要让灯整夜亮着。
He had the bike repaired yesterday.昨天他让人修了自行车。
He had his leg broken in the match.在比赛中他摔断了腿。
(3)使役动词leaveleave用作使役动词,表示“使/让??保持某种状态”,可以用形容词、名词、介词短语、分词作宾语补足语。
美联英语提供:备战中考英语:宾语补足语用法详解导学:在句子成分中,宾语补足语是许多句子的不可缺少的成分,缺少宾语补足语的语句有时是不完整的,下文,小编就来为大家详细讲解宾语补足语的作用和几种类型,供大家学习参考。
备战中考英语之不可缺少的宾语补足语在英语的句子中,有些动词除一个宾语外,句意还不完整,必须加上宾语补足语才能将句意表达完整,因此宾语补足语是许多句子不可缺少的一部分,是句子的主要成分。
这样的句型为:主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语。
常用的及物动词有:think,make,have,get,consider,find,call,let等。
如:They found the room cleaned by someone.宾语补足语的几种类型:1.名词作宾语补足语We think him a bright boy.They call her XiaoZhang.2.形容词及短语作宾语补足语I found the dog dead.Exercise makes you healthy and strong.3.不定式及其短语作宾语补足语She often asks me to help her with her English.注:在使役动词make,let,have及see,watch,notice,observe,hear,listen to,find,feel等动词后的宾语补足语可用不定式,但不定式不可加to。
Nobody heard him cry for help.I often see the boys play basketball after school.4.现在分词及其短语作宾语补足语The teacher caught her cheating in the exam.They often hear me practising speaking English.5.过去分词及短语作宾语补足语He raised his voice to make himself heard clearly.When I went downstairs,I found my bike stolen.6.as引出的宾语补足语We consider her as a great writer.We took English as a useful tool.7.介词短语宾语补足语Please make yourself at home.The illness kept her in bed for a month.8.副词作宾语补足语Did you find them in?She ordered them away.9.从句作宾语补足语We will soon make our school what your school is now.注:当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后,而用it作句子的形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。
Contents之袁州冬雪创作英语宾语补足语用法详解 (1)一、概念 (1)二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语.. 2三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3)典例精析: (5)英语宾语补足语用法详解一、概念分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种分歧的句式中.详细地说,主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是主动态句子中的主语补足语.先懂得宾语补足语,则很容易懂得主语补足语.宾语补足语:在英语中,某些及物动词不但需要宾语,而且还要求某个词或词组来补偿说明宾语,即暗示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态,这个词或短语称为宾语补足语.有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语.句型:及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./todo/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种暗示法)该句型若变成主动语态,即将宾语提到句首作主语,原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在主动语态中起到补偿说明主语的作用,所以改称主语补足语.例如:A cook will be immediately fired if he is foundsmoking in the kitchen.此句中smoking是主语he的补足语,所以称为主语补足语.二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语分词作主语(宾语)补足语时,若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系,则用现在分词暗示主动;如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系,则用过去分词暗示主动.例如:He was heard singing in the next room.He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词singing.One of the glasses was found broken.One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是主动关系,故用过去分词broken.Don‘t leave the water running while you brush yourteeth.The water is running.宾语the water与补足语“淌”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词running.三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词要会使用分词作补足语,必须记住哪些动词可以接分词充当补足语.1.感官动词feel,hear,listen to,see,watch,notice,observe,look at(一感二听五看)及find等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语.如:If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air moving against your face.The air can be felt moving against your face,if you wave your book in front of your face.The next morning she found the man lying in bed,dead. The next morning the man was found lying in bed,dead.2.暗示“致使”动词get,have,leave等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语.--Good morning.Can I help you?--I’d like to have the package weighed,madam.3.暗示“意欲;饬令”的动词如like,want,wish,order等常接过去分词充当补足语.如:You must tell us exactly what you would like done.你必须准确地告诉我们该做什么.The father wants his daughter taught the piano.这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴.I wish it done quickly.我希望很快将此事做完.注意:set,start,catch常跟现在分词作宾语补足语,make常跟过去分词作宾语补足语.如:Set sb.thinking,start sb.coughing,He looked around and caught a man putting his handinto the pocket of a passenger.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself heard.典例精析:1.I smell something___________in the kitchen.Can Icall you back in a minute?A.burningB.burntC.being burntD.to be burnt答案:A.解析:smell something burning“闻着什么东西在燃烧而发出糊味”强调这个动作正在停止.burning作宾语补足语.Something bu rnt“烧焦了的东西”暗示一种状态.所以选A.2.After a knock at the door,the child heard hismother’s voice______him.A.callingB.calledC.being calledD.to call答案:A.解析:hearsb.doingsth.意为“听到或人在做某事”.动词+ing暗示主动,the child heard his mother’svoice calling him暗示“孩子听见他母亲喊他”.Hear sth.done暗示“听见某事被做了”.所以选A.3.Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English_____in a short period.答案:A.解析:havesth.done暗示“使某事被做”,have her written English improved“使她的书面英语得到提高”.动词+ed形式作宾语补足语暗示主动.Have sb.doingsth.意为“使或人一直在做某事”表主动.Have sb.do sth.意为“使或人做某事”表主动,do前必须省略to.所以选A.4.--Did Peter fix the computer himself?--He______,because he doesn’t know much aboutcomputers.A.has it fixedB.had fixed itC.had it fixedD.fixedit答案:C.解析:havesth.done暗示“使某事被做或请他人做某事”,动词+ed形式作宾语补足语暗示主动.由because he doesn’t know much about computers可断定出,他找他人维修了电脑.所以选C.。