15篇文章包含英语四级所有词汇

四级作文常用单词（原文）：The Importance of Reading。

Reading is important. It is a necessary skill for people to be successful in life. Reading is a vital skill in finding a good job. Many well-paying jobs require reading as a part of job performance. There are also a great many benefits to be gained from reading books. It is proven that in this technological society the demands for higher levels of literacy are creating unfavorable consequences for those who fall short. This is even more of reason to get into the habit of reading books. Sharing books with a child is an active way to encourage learning. It also fosters a bond between the adult and the child. Children often times have a favorite book that is read over and over. This is a great way to help the child learn the joy of reading. A well-written book can transport the reader to other times and places, real or imagined. It cangive the reader experiences and emotions they have never had. Reading can also help a person grow mentally, emotionally, and psychologically.（仿写）：The Significance of Exercise。

Unit001.mp3Unit 1: A Question of RightsUnfortunately, a crime was about to be committed but at the moment Lesley was unaware of the impending(即将发生的,迫近的) event, which would affect her life so drastically(极端地,彻底地) for the next two years.For the moment at least, her holiday at the cottage had been ideal. She had spend many idle hours relaxing on the deck, reading, eating a sandwich when she was hungry and in the evening watching the sky turn from brilliant orange to peach and finally to pale purple, eventually the light becoming dim. It was about this time that the mist would begin to rise from the cool water hiding in the dense forest that hugged(环绕,拥抱)the shoreline. Late evening dew glistened on every bush and soon the loon’s(潜鸟) call would resound across the water. She decided to take one last dip in the lake. As the cool night air touched her arms, she gave a little shiver and decided in was time to move inside.This was to be her last evening alone as Jeff, her former mate, would be returning Zac to her early in the morning. As the case in many marriages these days, problems had arisen between Lesley and Jeff, but they did not extend to Zac. He was a good kid, just entering kindergarten. The couple had come to a mutual agreement, as dictated by the legal custody(保管,监管) agreement. It stated the each parent would share Zac’s care every second weekend and this had been her weekend to be alone.Jeff was an architect, which a high profile reputation, who worked in downtown Toronto, a partner in a private corporation which mostly did consultant work for the university. Lesley’s company had been hired to advertise the new science complex in order to raise corporate money for the proposed building. She liked her work and she harbored a secret ambition to manager her division of the company some day.After a whirlwind courtship(求爱,热恋) and a fairytale wedding the couple had settled down to and urban lifestyle. However, after three years and one child the dreamlike marriage came smashing down. One disadvantage of being young and ambitious(有抱负的) was that both of them needed to devote untold hours to their busy schedules. As a result of these late hours, Lesley became suspicious of Jeff’s after hours activities. She accused him of make her part of a love triangle. The whole miserable scene was to set the proceeding for an ugly divorce in motion.Daydreaming about those earlier days would not help tonight. So with a shrug of her shoulders she tackled the advertising assignment she needed to complete. Tomorrow would be a busy day with Zac arriving home.The next day, as the morning wore on, Lesley became more and more agitated(烦燥), and her mood became apprehensive(忧虑的,不安的)when Jeff did not appear. When noon hours arrived and he still had not appeared, she started making some phone calls. None of their mutual friends had either seen or talked with Jeff that day. Until today, Jeff had always been very punctual about returning the boy at the appointed time. Lesley felt a knot forming in her stomach as a crazy thought persisted at the back of her mind. She was absolutely sure something was wrong.Jeff sat with his head bowed. He was undecided what to do. The domestic arrangement with his former wife was proving to be awkward. He was frustrated at being able to see his son only on weekends and felt he was always making concession to accommodate(适应,迁就) Lesley’s work schedule. Every meeting was turning into a competition for the boy’s affection. His one desire was to take Zac away for good. The enormous decision to undertake this plan appeared to be presenting itself. Today he would depart for a conference in California. This appeared to be marvelous opportunity to take the boy and leave the country for good. He bet that he could pack sufficient baggage into his vehicle and then disappear across the border, gaining entry the U.S.A He gave little thought to whatsoever of the fact this act could lead to his conviction if he was tracked down by the cops.Meanwhile, for Lesley the nightmare continued to unfold as the reality of the situation deepened. After 48 hours, the spokesman for the district police department assured her they would investigate Zac’s disappearance. Her faith that justice would be realized was faint. The shock of the past two days’ events made her realize that possibly her son would become one more statistic in the missing children file. The police completed a preliminary survey after asking hundreds of detailed questions. Hot lines proved fruitless.Meanwhile, over the next year there were countless visits and interviews at the police station and her home. The police appeared to making no progress in tracking Zac’s whereabouts. As the days passed, Lesley’s frustration(挫败) mounted and she felt a sense of alarm. Eventually, she decided to take the initiative in continuing the search and she began to use well-established child fin agencies. At times, boosted by hopes, she appeared to be on the right trail with a sense of disgust, but her hopes were dashed at the final moment. These obstacles only made her more determined not to quit or to abandon hope. After Zac’s picture was circulated nationwide, telephone calls followed from strangers reporting sightings of a Zac look alike. Month by month her plan evolved into a campaign equal to a full-scale battle plan. She paid an exceedingly high fee for specialized help, such as the services of an attorney. Lesley became determined to target every major city where Jeffnormally contracted business. As the months slipped by, Lesley’s exhaustion became noticeable in her eyes. Her cheeks became hollow pits. Most days she felt as though she did not have an ounce of energy left because proof of Zac’s existence seemed impossible to find.Another year passed and her hopes dimmed. Unexpectedly, late in August a promising lead brought her to Los Angeles.The interior of the bar was dark. Her quest to locate Jeff and Zac had taken two years. She had pain private investigators in American currency to help her locate her ex-husband. In her handbag she carried the necessary proof that would identify her to the authorities if she was successful in being able to bring Zac home again, to Canada. She had been impatient for this moment to arrive for so long and yes now she just wanted to secure her son with a minimum of fuss. Now, right on cue, a tall stranger slipped into the bar and sat down. One glimpse told her it was Jeff. He looked weary(疲劳的) and older but definitely familiar. A chill ran up her spine(脊椎). Close to success, she refused to concede(不情愿地承认) defeat. It was the time to remedy the enormous sadness. This time she wanted a guarantee of success. She stared straight ahead with vacant look, trying to grasp the important moment. Vivid scenes, from the past two years’ search, flashed through her mind.The following day, happily for Lesley, the headline of the local paper read, “Father turns over child, Mother slams system.”Lesley and Zac’s subsequent life could now resume some form of normalcy, however, the stress and strain of the past years would always remain as a part of this renewed relationship in the memory.Unit002.mp3Unit 2: One ChanceThe tiny antique silver pin lay in my hand. I stared hard at the solemn face looking back at me from the oval frame. I was looking for some resemblance(相像)between my ancestor and myself. Her brow was broad and strong, the eyes kind and forgiving. She wore a stiff black bonnet(无边小圆软帽), a high white collar and a coarsely woven shawl(披肩) around her shoulders. In examining her face more closely, maybe I could identify some similarity around the eyes and the nose. An inner strength shone from the eyes of this diminutive(小巧的) lady who had helped lead her family from Ireland to the New World. The times, in Ireland during 1770’s, were difficult for everyone. John and Lily Love and all the tenants(租地者,佃户) of the Barren’s Court Estate were suffering after terrible floods destroyed their crops. The landlord was generous in allowing the land rent to fall intoarrears(拖欠,还款), due to the difficult times. However, as weather conditions continued to worsen, the little family became pessimistic(悲观的) and felt desperate about the direction of their lives. Nearly every family at this time had at least one number of their family who had left for the New World. The ugly face of famine(饥荒) was lurking(潜藏,潜伏) everywhere. It was not possible with one acre of arable(可耕作的) land to make a living.Late one night, after the children were in bed, John and Lily discussed the possibility of making a reservation aboard a sailing ship bound for(准备开往...的)America. John had noticed a poster(海报) in the town square, that posted by a ship’s owner trying to recruit for his ship. John knew that conditions aboard ship would not be ideal for Lily, her new infant son and the two elder boys; however, she acknowledge that settling in America would be the only way for the family to gain some independence and to earn a living. More importantly, it was rumored(谣言,传闻,听说)that land was free in the new country, Lily gave her consent to leave.In port, the sailing ship, Hannah, under the command of Captain Mitchell lay at anchor. The adventure of crossing the Atlantic Ocean bound for Philadelphia would take two to three months. Passengers were assured there would be the best provisions and plenty of barrels of fresh water. Storms could be fierce and living condition below deck would be primitive(原始的,原始人). John joined the long queue and eventually after a lengthy wait, reached the revenue table. He affixed(签署名字) his signature to the contract promising to pay five pounds per person for berths(卧铺) aboard ship. The clerk returned the receipt to John indicating that the sum of money had been paid.Once under sail the three hundred passengers found themselves crowded into miserable conditions. The smell of so many people crowded together was offensive(令人不快的,侮辱的,攻击用的). The breadth of the vessel was narrow and the headroom(净空,头上空间) below deck minimal.As the tiny craft sailed out of Lough Foyle, and entered the Atlantic Ocean, it started to roll ominously(不吉利地) and those aboard wondered if they would survive the long voyage ahead or be swallowed up by the enormous waves. Seasickness was everywhere and people had no appetite. The food, instead of being of high quality as promised, was too often rotten(腐烂的) and the water was brackish(有盐味的).Eventually, the winds lessened and the captain was able to set his sights towards America and become ably steering(引导,驾驶,航行)the ship on an even(平坦的) course(航线). Eight weeks later, plus one day, the Hannah made landfall and the Love family disembarked(离船上岸) in America and became American newest immigrants. Gazing at the mainland after so many days of sailing was indeed a glorious sight. The difficult day’sabroad ship seemed worthwhile. Porters hurried along the docks the ship’s deck pushing baggage. Little girls with ribbons in their hair scanned the ship’s decks hoping to get a first glimpse of their father arriving. It seemed to Lily that it took forever to register and to pass through immigration.John said that he would to ahead to scout(童子军,侦察员;侦察,搜索) out some land in the far west of the state. He would push on to the frontier(国境,边疆,边境) with a bunch of other Irish chaps(小伙). Lily and the children could follow more slowly, harnessing the horse and cart to convey their scanty(贫乏的,少的) possessions. The stuff in the cart would include a kettle, dishes, blankets, a chair, a bucket and an axe.There was a perception(理解,感觉) by the government at this time that the feisty(易怒的,好斗的)Irish would resist any hostile(敌对的,敌对)natives refusing to retreat(撤退,退却)and thus maintaining the western boundary. The Irish, too, were pleased to settle as far away from the government as possible. Instead of purchasing land, they would “squat(占据)”on the property erecting only a temporary, humble(卑下的,谦逊的, 粗陋的vt.使...卑下,挫,贬抑) shelter to stave off(遮挡) the weather. Once their families arrived, they would inspire(鼓舞) the men to build proper cabins. Neither fancy(奇特)nor elegant(优雅), these log structures would be their first real home. Property boundaries at this time were not marked out with iron rods or stakes(标桩) in a standard fashion, but rather designated(标明,标出) by natural objects such as rocks, trees and creeks(小溪).Confusion and disputes must often have followed later, when these survey points disappeared.After exploring the area around Shirleysburg, John and his sons rode over Sandy Ridgeto survey the property below Black Log Mountain. It was here in a long narrow valleythey decided to settle. The valley became known then, and is still called Love’s Valleytoday.At the time, drums were used to forewarn(预先警告) that the natives were going capturethe forts(城堡), which guarded the western frontier. Daily life in this new land, for the earlysettlers, was harsh(粗糙的,苛刻的) and difficult. First they needed to tame(驯服的,柔顺的,没精打彩的,被开垦的,平淡的;驯服;变得驯服)the land, chopping down trees, in order to be able to plant crops. At times they needed to defend their land and be wary(机警的) of attacks from wild animals, such as wolves and bears. Mosquito bites caused severe reactions of swelling((使)膨胀,增大)and itchiness(痒痒). Once the work was done, neighbors would gather for an occasional social function. The children would play for hours chasing butterflies and looking for birds’nests. The boys would catch frogs and then tease(戏弄)the girls with them. There would be a delicious picnic lunch spread on the grass. John asked Lily to bring some freshly squeezed lemon juice for the picnic. He found the sour taste oflemonade(柠檬汽水)was refreshing((使)精神振作) on a hot summer’s day. Some of the men would have a drink of homemade in the moonshine before striking up a tune on the fiddle(小提琴). Square dancing was popular among the young people and the young lads would leap up to dance with the eligible(中意的,合格的) young ladies. Rivals(竞争对手) for a young lady’s hand in marriage would tend to complete to walk her home at the end of an evening. The romantic times were few and contrasted sharply with the stern(严厉苛刻的;船尾) reality of everyday life.Neighbors were also few and Lily found she was very lonely. She looked forward to the occasional visits of the minister, Robert Ayers, who was a Methodist(卫理公会教派的) circuit rider. Meeting would be held in fields or small barns(谷仓,畜舍), three to four times a years. At other times neighbor women from over the mountain would meet to make quilts, blankets and cushions and to gossip(聊天) about their respective lives. They would share their secret fears regarding their new lives, their hopes for their children’s future and enjoy each other’s companionship(友谊,伴侣关系).Twenty years slipped by and John Love died at the early age of 47. Several years later, son James and his family, as well as widow Lily, his Mother, made the decision to leave Pennsylvania and settle in Canada. They made the arduous(困难的,艰巨的)trek(旅行)over Indian trails, crossing the Niagara River to settle what we now call Ontario.I am a Canadian. Having traced my roots and followed in the footsteps of these early settlers. I feel a sense of gratitude(感谢的心情)to my ancestors who faced extreme difficulties and severe hardship to settle in a new land. Liberty, then and in today’s world, is a priceless inheritance(遗产).Once more, I glanced at the silver pin before returning it to velvet(丝绒的) box. Once again, I questioned, “What did I inherit from my Love ancestors?” I realize the answer has been revealed while writing this story. I have determination, strength, loyalty and a love of adventure. This is my inheritance.Unit003.mp3Unit 3: The Man And This Castle (I) 一个大人物和他的城堡(一)La Cuesta Encantada(使用魔法迷惑) Castle is one of the most remarkable displays of power and passion(激情,热情, P- 耶稣的受难和死亡) in the world. This marvelous(引起惊异的,不可思议的,非凡的) tourism site now known as Hearst San Simeon State Historical Monument is better known as Hearst Castle. It is located six hours south of San Francisco and five hours north of Los Angeles. Sheltered by the mountains in northern San Luis Obispo County, the complex of 165 rooms and 127 acres of gardens, terraces(露台), pools, fountains andfootpaths draws approximately 800,000 visitors annually. To understand the castle, you have to understand the man who built it, William Randolph Hearst. And to understand the man, you have to understand the land upon which he built his dream.Born on April 29, 1863, William Randolph Hearst was the only child of George Hearst and his wife, Phoebe. George was a multimillionaire who amassed(积聚)his fortune through partnerships(合作关系)in three of the everlargest mining discoveries of copper, silver, and gold ores. In 1865, George began to accumulate parcels of land by obtaining 46 000 acres of the Piedra Blanco Ranch on California’s Central Coast. There be began a successful cattle ranch(大农场), eventually enlarging it to 250 000 acres stretching 50 miles along the coast.William loved the ranch where he spent his summer vacations as a youngster and a youth, playing in the rugged(崎岖的)canyons(峡谷), descending the cliffs and camping in colorful Arab-style tents in the mountains with his family.Phoebe was delighted in exposing her darling child to the beauties and wonders of the world and spared no expense doing so. During one of their adventures, an 18-month tour of the historic palaces and castles of Europe, William began a lifelong love of collecting. With his first acquisitions, German picture books, be embarked(着手,开始工作) on a 78-year session of excessive spending. He confessed to a love of the finer things in life and, as he had a bottomless(不见底的) purse, would never deny himself anything he wanted.In 1887, while William was at Harvard University, he decided to take over the small newspaper, the San Francisco Examiner, which his father had accepted as payment for a gambling(赌博)debt several years earlier. George would have preferred that his son be involved in the mining and ranching interests, but the Examiner in March 1887. He was determined to increase the popularity(普遍,流行) of the paper and antique the best equipment and writers available.William’s resolve to succeed inspired him to publish juicy(有趣的) tales of vice and stories full of drama and motivation(积极性,动机). In 1895, he purchased the New York Morning Journal, putting him in direct competition with the distinguished(杰出的) Joseph Pulizer and circulation(传播,发行) war began.Both the Hearst and Pulitzer newspapers started to include sensational(耸人听闻的) stories about the Cuban Insurrection(起义). The stories greatly exaggerated claims of Spanish troops placing Cubans in concentration camp, forcing them to live under substandard conditions, disease-ridden, starving and dying. This style of reporting became known as “Yellow Journalism(新闻事件)”. The newspapers were transformed as the scope of the news broadened and became less conservative. Circulation soared as the public couldget enough of the banner headlines and abundant illustrations. At the time, many people believe William actually might have initiated(开始,发动)the Spanish-American War to encourage sales. According the one report, when one of his correspondents, Fredrick Remington, requested to return from Havana, William responded that if Remington would furnish the picture, William would furnish the war. He was once quoted in an editorial as saying, “Make the news through Print all the news. Condense it if necessary. Frequently it is better when intelligently condensed.”Another classic example of his influence occurred when, merely months after he advocated political assassination(暗杀) in an editorial, American President McKinley was assassinated.As an intelligent and dynamic businessman, William generated increased readership by employing some of the most talented writers in the United States, recruiting figures from the literary community, like Mark twain and Stephen Crane, and the previously mentioned illustrator, Frederick Remington. He also showed his initiative when he chartered a yacht(快艇), equipped it as a miniature(小型的)newspaper headquarters, anchored off the coast of Cuba, and led his army of reporters into the field.William’s interests led his to follow in his father’s footsteps, inspiring him into politics. He was elected to the U.S. Congress as senator representing the state of New York in 1902 and served until 1907. He was a candidate for the office of mayor of New York City and governor of New York State, but failed in both of these attempts.While honeymooning in Europe after his marriage to Millicent Wilson in 1903, he expanded his publishing empire with Motor magazine. The Hearst Corporation grew to comprise a total 12 newspaper, including the Examiner, and 25 magazines, including Cosmopolitan. Not satisfied with just his publishing enterprises, he expanded his business operations into radio, and later produced movie newreels(新闻记录片).( To be continue )Unit004.mp3Unit 4: The Man And This Castle (II) 一个大人物和他的城堡(二)This influential media giant was not without his fault. His prejudices were common knowledge. His career was blemished(玷污)by his offensive remarks about Spaniards, Japanese, Filipinos, and Russians. He printed lies, forget documents, falsified(歪曲) stories of violence, wrote provocative editorial and published sensational cartoons and photographs to support his opinions.William hated minorities. He took advantage of very opportunity to heighten racialtensions. His real motive for his hatred of Mexicans may have been the loss of 800 000 acres of prime timberland to the Mexican outlaw(逃犯). Pancho Villa. His papers described them ad marijuana-smoking. Job-stealing, lazy, wicked, and violent degenerates(堕落). Some suggest be saw the Mexicans as a threat to his Empire.During this period, William met and fell in love with a young actress, Marion Davies. Millicent, his wife and the mother of his five sons, including a set of twins, refused to dissolve the marriage, which obliged William to “live in sin”with the woman the tour guides refer to as his “friend” or “companion”.With thousands of acres of land covered with grassland, trees, natural ponds, and man-made reservoirs available for use, William stocked the estate with herds of rare oxen and deer, and flocks of sheep and lambs. These animals flourished ad they were allowed to wander freely. Large, more dangerous beasts, including tigers, ostriches, buffalo, yaks, emus, kangaroos, llamas, zebras and giraffes were enclosed in the largest private zoo in the world.The “complex” was ready for occupancy(占用) in 1927, but additions continued until 1947. Eventually it comprised the main house and three cottages, all of which are furnished with a variety of valuable antiques. Even the lavatories were specially equipped. William’s favorite room was said to be the library with its collections of more than 5,000 books, ancient Greek vases, and an antique Spanish ceiling suspended(悬挂) by cables so it will sway([使]摇摆) in the event of an earthquake (all the antique furnishings and treasures are anchored ad a precaution as this is an earthquake country).In the 20’s, 30’s and 40’s, William lived part-time at the estate with his mistress, Marion Davies. They entertained to an excessive extent. To be invited to the castle was a privilege. Movie stars, politicians, businessmen, and even royalty(皇室成员)were frequent guests. Many of these guests, including a British lord, Sir Charles Kingsford-Smith, Amelia Earhart, and Charles Lindbergh, flew to the ranch, landing on the private airstrip(飞机跑道). Life on the “hill” was never dull. The visitors stayed in the main house or the cottages, depending on their prominence(重要) or their intimacy(亲密) with the family and were free to roam(漫游) the grounds, go riding on their choice of horses from the stable, swim in the pools, or play golf on the private course on the property. Company was expected, however, to meet in the main drawing room at 7:30 p.m. sharp, principally(主要的)to amuse their host. Dinner was a formal affair beginning at 9:00 p.m. This meal was held in the immense dining room, the walls of which are lined with priceless panels from ancient European cathedrals(大教堂). Following dinner, movies were shown in the private theater, starting rules guests had to follow: do not get drunk; do not swear or tell off-color jokes; sleep inseparate bedrooms. If you wanted to eat, you could visit the kitchen… if you could find it.Although William was closely involved in all aspects of the construction and decoration(装饰) of the mansion(大厦、宅邸) he continued his business and social interests. No stranger to scandal(流言蜚语), in November 1924, he found himself in the topic of headlines. The most enduing rumor was that, during a party on yacht, he had found Marion kissing Charlie Chaplin. In a fit of jealously he took a shot at Chaplin, missed, and accidentally hit Tomas Ince, killing him. However, even though the morning papers carried the story, the evening paper and successive editions printed that Ince had died of acute([疾病]急性的) indigestion(消化不良).In 1945, William initiated the Hearst Foundation and created the California Charities Foundation in 1948 (the name was changed to the William Randolph Hearst Foundation soon after his death in 1951). The Great Depression took its toll on even the wealthiest and William Randolph Hearst was no exception. His fantastically(荒诞的)decadent lifestyle couldn’t last forever, and gradually his finances began to suffer, beginning the next chapter in the saga(传奇)of excesses(过度). He came close to being bankrupt(破产的)but Marion rescued him from debt, unselfishly, selling her jewels and some other property to raise over a million dollars.In 1947, due to his health, he was forced to move permanently to Beverly Hills. Marion looked after him during this time, seldom leaving his side. When he died in 1951 at the age of 88, she was shunned(避开) by his family and forbidden to attend his funeral(葬礼).The castle, its furnishings, the artworks in the gallery, and 1927 acres of land were given to the state of California in 1957. Since that time, the California Department of Parks and Recreation has kept the castle open to tourists.Today a visit to the estate begins near the site of the old airstrip. Guests are transported to the top of the hill via bus. One can still see the signs giving wandering animals the “right-of way” on the lanes. Deer, cattle, and sheep often halt the buses’ progress up or down the mountain as they meander(漫游) to the salt licks.Depending on the tour one chooses, guides escort(护送,陪同) the public through a variety of rooms, gardens. Cottages and pools. The luxury(奢华) of a bygone(过去的) era is evident at every turn. From the moment you arrive at the stairway to Neptune Pool until you bid farewell to your guides at the magnificent, golden and blue Roman Pool, you are reminded that a man had a dream. He had power and influence. Furthermore, he was prosperous enough to achieve his objectives and implement his dream.Unit005.mp3Unit 5: Yip Sang, a Chinese CanadianThe British and Chinese signed the Treaty of Nanking in 1942, each providing their respective subjects with the right to benefit from full security and protection for their persons and property within each other’s boundaries. Even though China did not openly allow emigration(移居), in 1860 a law was passed which stated that Chinese, seeking to work in the British Colonies or other places, were at liberty to do so. They had only to ship themselves and their families on board any British vessel at any of the open ports in China. In 1868, another treaty, this one with the United States, gave the Chinese the right to change their home and loyalty from one country to another for the purposes of curiosity, of trade, or as permanent residents, thereby opening the gates for emigration from China. The gold boom in the British Columbia in the 1850’s was the beginning of Chinese immigration from the U.S. into Canada. Many of these early immigrants sailed from Fujian and Guangdong provinces to San Francisco. When they heard of the gold discoveries in British Columbia, many crossed the border into Canada by moving overland through Oregon or arriving by sea in Victoria. When the gold deposits were depleted(用尽,枯竭), these early settlers stayed, moving into occupations like gardening, farming, domestic service, road construction, and railway building. By 1871, there were approximately 3,000 Chinese inhabitants in the province, only 53 of whom being women. Since Chinese workers were known to be conscientious and reliable, several companies actively recruited them. As a result, it was estimated that 10,000 workers arrived between 1882 and 1884. In an effort to restrict the entry of Chinese immigrants, an act was passed in the Canadian Parliament confining the proportion to one person for every 50 tons of vessel tonnage(船舶的吨数). A head tax was also imposed. Records of those who paid the head tax are still available for viewing in the National Archives of Canada.An article in the Illustrated London News in January 1875 gave some insight into the emigration process of the Chinese by conveying the ideas of changes they might undergo. The author thought the modifications(修改,改造) would be slight and principally external. He believed that, in an attempt to blend in, the Chinese would adopt American language, culture, and dress. However, because the Chinese brought with them a strong sense of their own identity, it wasn’t necessary for them to cultivate a North American way of life, nor did they feel and obligation to abandon their traditions day’s standards.In the United States, there were two opposing points of view. On one side of the coin, the Chinese were seen as an inexpensive means of providing the manual labor necessary to develop the assets of the country, most often in hazardous occupations. On the other side,。

大学英语四级范文带翻译(共25篇)Attending TV PK Shows Does No Good to Young PeopleNowadays, TV PK shows are great hits in China and have attracted a large number of adolescents. Some youngsters even give up their studies to attend these shows in the hope of winning their fame overnight. Some people argue that these shows provide young people more chance to show talents, while others assume that attending these shows does no good to the juvenile. As for me, I prefer to the latter opinion.In a word, entering for TV PK shows is not a good way for young people to achieve success. I hold the opinion that young people should think twice before deciding to attend PK shows.翻译：参加电视PK节目对年轻人没有好处如今,电视PK节目在某是伟大的冲击,吸引了大量的青少年。

一些年轻人甚至放弃学业去参加这些节目,希望赢得他们一夜之间成名。

一些人认为这些节目给年轻人更多的机会展示才华,而另一些人认为参加这些节目对青少年没有好处。

就我而言,我更喜欢后者的观点。

应该承认,一些年轻人喜欢李宇春已从众多服务员站在PK的演出,但这并不意味着参加PK显示成为青少年的成功就是一个很好的方法。

四六级必背16篇短文!第一篇：四六级必背16篇短文!四六级必背16篇短文！一、对龙图腾他的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。

中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。

中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。

在中国人的心目中，龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。

Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,000 years.The ancients in China considered the dragon(or loong)a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena.The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation.To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.二、秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。

秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装，他们的表演动作有力迅速。

在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间，人们一旦听到锣鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷，他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。

近年来，中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队，队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康，同事他们也乐在其中。

Yangko is one of tradition folk dance of Han in China.It is usually performed in northern provinces.The dancers usually wear colorful and light costumes, and the performance is powerful and rapid.During some festivals such as Spring Festival, Lantein Festival, if people hear the sound of drum and gong, no matter how cold the weather is , they will come to street and appreciate the Yangko.Recent years, the old people in city of east-northern of China organized the team of Yangko by themselves, the teamers keep their health by dancing Yangko the whole year.三、长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。

宗教节日Advent (耶稣)降临节Lady Day, Annunciation 天使报喜节(3月25日)Ascension Day 耶稣升天节(复活节后第四十日) Assumption 圣母升天节(8月15日)Candlemas 圣烛节(2月2日) New Y ear, New Y ear's Day 新年(1月1日)Corpus Christi 圣体节Quadragesima 四旬节(四旬斋的第一个星期日)Lent 四旬斋,大斋期(复活节前的第四十个星期日)Low (或Quasimodo) Sunday, 复活节后第一个星期日All Souls'Day (天主教)万灵节(11月2日)(如遇星期日则顺延一天)Palm Sunday 棕枝全日(复活节前的星期日)Easter Sunday, Easter 复活节Epiphany, Twelfth Day 主显节(1月6日)day of obligation 每人需停止工作参加礼拜的日子Maundy Thursday 濯足星期四(耶稣受难节)Shrove Tuesday 忏悔节(四旬斋开始的前一天)Ash Wednesday 复活节前的第七个星期三Christmas 圣诞节(12月25日) Christmas Eve 圣诞前夕New Y ear's Eve 新年前夕Easter 复活节Whitsun, Whitsuntide 圣神降临周(复活节后的第七周,尤指前三天)Quinquagesima 四旬斋前的星期日Ramadan 斋月Rogation Days 祈祷节(耶稣升天节的前三天)Sabbath 安息日Feast of the Sacred Heart 圣心节Midsummer Day 施洗约翰节(6月24日)Passion Week 复活节前第二周Holy Week 圣周(复活节前一周)Septuagesima 四旬斋前的第三个星期日Sexagesima 四旬斋前的第二个星期日Ember Days 四季节All Saints' Day 万圣节Trinity Sunday, Trinity 圣三主日(复活节后的第八个星期日)Good Friday 耶稣受难节V isitation 圣母往见节(7月2日)花卉azalea 杜鹃花begonia 秋海棠Brazil 巴西木cactus 仙人掌camellia 山茶花carnation 麝香石竹(康乃馨)Chinese enkianthus 灯笼花Chinese flowering crab-apple海棠花chrysanthemum 菊花dahlia 大丽花daisy 雏菊datura 曼陀罗epiphyllum 昙花fringed iris 蝴蝶花fuchsia 倒挂金钟gardenia 栀子India canna 美人蕉jasmine 茉莉lilac 丁香lily 百合mangnolia 木兰花mangnolia 玉兰花morning glory 牵牛(喇叭花)narcissus 水仙花oleander 夹竹桃orchid 兰花pansy 三色堇peony 牡丹peony 芍药phalaenopsis 蝶兰rose 玫瑰rose 月季setose asparagus 文竹touch-me-not (balsam) 凤仙花tulip 郁金香violet, stock violet 紫罗兰water hyacinth 凤眼兰pink 粉红色salmon pink 橙红色baby pink 浅粉红色shocking pink 鲜粉红色brown 褐色, 茶色beige 灰褐色chocolate 红褐色, 赭石色sandy beige 浅褐色camel 驼色amber 琥珀色khaki 卡其色maroon 褐红色green 绿色moss green 苔绿色emerald green 鲜绿色olive green 橄榄绿blue 蓝色turquoise blue 土耳其玉色cobalt blue 钴蓝色, 艳蓝色navy blue 藏青色, 深蓝色, 天蓝色aquamarine blue 蓝绿色red 红色scarlet 绯红, 猩红mauve 紫红wine red 葡萄酒红purple, violet 紫色lavender 淡紫色lilac 浅紫色antique violet 古紫色pansy 紫罗兰色white 白色off-white 灰白色ivory 象牙色snowy white 雪白色oyster white 乳白色gray 灰色charcoal gray 炭灰色smoky gray 烟灰色misty gray 雾灰色外交Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Protocol Department 礼宾司Information Department 新闻司diplomatic mission 外交代表机构embassy 大使馆legation 公使馆consulate-general 总领事馆consulate 领事馆office of the chargéd'affaires, 代办处military attaché's office, 武官处commercial counsellor's office 商务处press section, in formation service 新闻处liaison office 联络处diplomat 外交家, 外交官diplomatic rank 外交官衔diplomatic representative 外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff 行政技术人员ambassador 大使ambassador extraordinary andplenipotentiary 特命全权大使nuncio 教廷大使internuncio 教廷公使counsellor withthe rank ofminister, minister-counsellor 公使衔参赞chargéd'affaires, 代办chargéd'affasiread interim, 临时代办counsellor 参赞first secretary 一等秘书second secretary 二等秘书third secretary 三等秘书attaché, 随员commercial secretary 商务参赞cultural secretary 文化参赞commercial attaché, 商务专员cultural attaché, 文化专员military attaché, 武官naval attaché, 海军武官air attaché, 空军武官consul-general 总领事consul 领事doyen of the diplomatic corps,dean of the diplomatic corps 外交使团团长roving ambassador 巡回大使ambassador-at-large 无任所大使special envoy 特使accredited to ... 向…派遣的foreign affairs 外交memorandum, aidememoire 备忘录persona non-grat 不受欢迎的人de jure recognition 法律承认commnique 公报announcement 公告, 通告letter of credence, credentials 国书mutual recognition 互相承认establishment of diplomaticrelations 建立外交关系letter of introduction 介绍书during one's absence 离任期间identification card 身份证statement 声明de facto recognition 事实上承认persona grata 受欢迎的人diplomatic practice 外交惯例diplomatic immunities 外交豁免diplomatic privileges 外交特权diplomatic channels 外交途径diplomatic courier 外交信使diplomatic bag, diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of appointment 委任书certificate of appointment 委任证书exequatur 许可证书declaration, manifesto 宣扬letter of recall 召回公文note 照会verbal note 普通照会circular note 通知照会formal note 正式照会normalization 正常化be appointed ambassador to ...被任命为驻…大使to express regret 表示遗憾to sever diplomatic relations 断绝外交关系to resume charge of the office, toreturn to one's post 返任to proceed to take up one's post赴任to present one's credentials 递交国书to exchange ambassadors 互派大使水果apple 苹果pear 梨apricot 杏peach 桃grape 葡萄banana 香蕉pineapple 菠萝plum 李子watermelon 西瓜orange 橙lemon 柠檬mango 芒果strawberry 草莓medlar 枇杷,欧查果mulberry 桑椹nectarine 油桃cherry 樱桃pomegranate 石榴fig 无花果tangerine 柑子persimmon 柿子walnut 胡桃hazelnut 榛子peanut 花生date 枣chestnut 粟currant 醋粟coconut, cocoanut 可可bilberry 越桔blackberry, blueberry 黑莓avocado 鳄梨black currant 红醋栗blood orange 红橙citron, grapefruit 香橼damson 大马士革李almond 巴旦杏nutmeg 肉豆蔻papaya, papaw 番木瓜guava 番石榴pistachio 阿月浑子prickly pear 仙人掌果raspberry 覆盆子soursop 刺果番荔枝娱乐马戏travelling circus 巡回马戏团circus wagon (马戏团的)大篷车big top 大帐篷,马戏篷tent 帐篷ring, arena 场地tier 看台master of ceremonies, M.C. 节目主持人,司仪parade, cavalcade 列队行进show 节目circus act 马戏节目trick rider, equestrian acrobat 马戏演员equitation, riding 马术equestrian, rider 马术演员fakir, magician, illusionist,conjurer, conjuror 魔术师mountebank, tumbler 变戏法者ventriloquist 腹语术者contortionist 柔术演员acrobat 杂技演员balancer 表演平衡技巧的人trapeze artist 荡秋千演员walker, rope walker 走绳索者funambulist 走钢丝者juggler 耍把戏者sword swallower 吞剑者fire eater 吞火者snake charmer 耍蛇者flier, flyer 空中飞人(美作:aerialist)clown 小丑giant 巨人midget, dwarf 侏儒horse trainer 驯马师wild animal trainer 驯兽师lion tamer 驯狮者wild animal 野兽cage 笼子whip 鞭子performing animal 驯服的动物tights, leotard 紧身衣tumble 翻筋斗double somersault 翻双筋斗human pyramid 叠罗汉balance 平衡技巧rings 圈springboard 跳板trampoline 绷床trapeze 秋千safety net 安全网tightrope 绳索wire-walking 走钢丝balancing pole 平衡杆游乐场fun fairfair 市场amusement park 游乐园merry-go-round, roundabout 回转木马(美作:carrousel)switchback, scenic railway, bigdipper 过山车(美作:rollercoaster)ghost train 魔鬼列车big wheel, Ferris wheel 弗累斯大转轮,大观览车dodgems, bumper cars 碰碰车slide, helter-skelter 突降滑道stall, booth 摊位fortune teller 算命者rifle range, shooting gallery 气枪打靶wheel of fortune 抓阄转轮tombola 摸彩Punch and Judy show, puppetshow 木偶戏表演greasy pole 爬竿取物舞蹈dance 舞classical dancing 古典舞ballet 芭蕾舞corps de ballet 芭蕾舞团ballet dancer 芭蕾舞演员tutu, ballet skirt 芭蕾舞短裙ballet shoe 芭蕾舞鞋choreography 芭蕾舞舞蹈设计steps 舞步ballroom dance 舞厅舞ballroom, dance hall 舞厅dance orchestra 伴舞乐队dancing partner 舞伴电器制品flashlight 手电筒fluorescent lamp 日光灯electric calculator 计算器tube 真空管electric fan 电风扇dictaphone, dictating machine 录音机tape recorder 磁带television 电视机electric iron 电熨斗electric foot warmer 暖脚器electric shaver 电动剃须刀electric cooker 电饭锅electric heater 电暖气electric vacuum cleaner 吸尘器bulb 电灯泡electronic oven 电烤箱radio 收音机microphone 麦克风loud-speaker 扩音机refrigerator 冰箱air conditioning 空调microwave oven 微波炉dry cell 干电池tap 电线搭接处教育一般词汇instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three R's 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误(short) course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课course (of study) 学业student body 学生(总称)classmate, schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot, grind 用功的学生old boy 老生grant, scholarship, fellowship奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow奖学金获得者school uniform 校服teaching staff 教育工作者(总称)teachers 教师(总称)primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长(女性为:headmistress)deputy headmaster, deputy head副校长rector 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant, lab assistant实验员beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gyminstructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师(蔑称)of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons (学生)上课to teach (老师)上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习test 考试to test 考试to take an examination, to sit anexamination, to do anexamination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, writtenexamination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带(美作:trot)to pass an examination (或exam), 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文General Certificate of Education 中学毕业证书(美作:high school diploma)holder of the General Certificate of Education 中学毕业生(美作:holder of a high school diploma)doctorate 博士学位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试科目Chinese 语文English 英语Japanese 日语mathematics 数学science 理科gymnastics 体育history 历史algebra 代数geometry 几何geography 地理biology 生物chemistry 化学physics 物理physical geography 地球物理literature 文学sociology 社会学psycology 心理学philosophy 哲学engineering 工程学mechanical engineering 机械工程学electronic engineering 电子工程学medicine 医学social science 社会科学agriculture 农学astronomy 天文学economics 经济学politics 政治学commercial science 商学biochemistry 生物化学anthropology 人类学linguistics 语言学accounting 会计学law, jurisprdence 法学banking 银行学metallurgy 冶金学finance 财政学mass-communication 大众传播学journalism 新闻学atomic energy 原子能学civil engineering 土木工程architecture 建筑学chemical, engineering 化学工程accounting and statisics 会计统计business administration 工商管理library 图书馆学diplomacy 外交foreign language 外文botany 植物major 主修minor 辅修学校school 学校kindergarten 幼儿园infant school 幼儿学校primary school, junior school 小学secondary school 中学high school, secondary school专科学校business school 商业学校technical school 工业学校technical college 专科学校(university) campus 大学university 大学boarding school 供膳宿的学校day school 日校,无宿舍学校,走读学校day student who has lunch atschool 提供午餐的走读学生academy 专科学院faculty 系hall of residence 学校公寓classroom 教室lecture theatre 阅览室(美作:lecture theater)amphitheatre 阶梯教室(美作:amphitheater)staff room 教研室headmaster's study, headmaster'soffice 校长办公室(assembly) hall 礼堂library 图书馆playground 操场desk 课桌教学用具和文具blackboard 黑板(a piece of) chalk 粉笔slate pencil 石板笔wall map 挂图skeleton map 轮廓图,示意图globe 地球仪text book 课本dictionary 词典encyclopedia 百科全书atlas 地图集satchel 书包exercise book 练习本rough not book 草稿本(美作:scribbling pad)blotting paper 吸墨纸tracing paper 描图纸squared paper, graph paper 坐标纸(fountain) pen 自来水笔biro, ballpoint (pen) 圆珠笔pencil 铅笔propelling pencil 自动铅笔pencil sharpener 铅笔刀,转笔刀ink 墨水inkwell 墨水池rubber, eraser 橡皮ruler, rule 尺slide rule 计算尺set square 三角板protractor 量角器compass, pair of compasses 圆规疾病Disease 疾病anemia, anaemia 贫血angina pectoris 心绞痛appendicitis 阑尾炎arthritis 关节炎bronchitis 支气管炎cancer 癌catarrh 卡他, 粘膜炎chicken pox, varicella 水痘cholera 霍乱cold 感冒, 伤风, 着凉(head) cold 患感冒diabetes 糖尿病diphtheria 白喉eczema 湿疹epilepsy 癫痫erysipelas 丹毒gangrene 坏疽German measles, rubella 风疹gout 痛风headache 头痛hemiplegy, hemiplegia 偏瘫, 半身不遂icterus, jaundice 黄疸indigestion 消化不良influenza, flu 流感insanity 精神病leukemia 白血病malaria 疟疾malnutrition 营养不良Malta fever 马耳他热, 波状热measles 麻疹migraine, splitting headache 偏头痛miocardial infarction 心肌梗塞mumps 流行性腮腺炎neuralgia 神经痛neurasthenia 神经衰弱paralysis 麻痹peritonitis 腹膜炎pharyngitis 咽炎phtisis 痨病, 肺结核pneumonia 肺炎poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎rabies 狂犬病rheumatism 风湿病rickets, rachitis 佝偻病scabies, itch 疥疮scarlet fever 猩红热sciatica 坐骨神经痛sclerosis 硬化septicemia, septicaemia 败血病sinusitis 窦炎smallpox 天花swamp fever 沼地热syncope 晕厥syphilis 梅毒tetanus 破伤风thrombosis 血栓形成torticollis, stiff neck 斜颈tuberculosis 结核病tumour,tumor 瘤typhus 斑疹伤寒urticaria, hives 荨麻疹whooping cough 百日咳yellow fever 黄热病zona, shingles 带状疮疹access arm 磁头臂,存取臂access time 存取时间adder 加法器address 地址alphanumeric 字母数字的analog computer 模拟计算机analyst 分析员area 区域array 数组,阵列assembler 汇编程序automation 自动化band 区batch processing 成批处理binary code 二进制码binary digit 二进制位,二进制数字bit 比特,二进制的一位branch 分支,支线brush 电刷buffer storage 缓冲存储器calculator 计算器call instruction 呼叫指令card punch 卡片穿孔机card reader 卡片阅读机,读卡机cell 单元channel 通道,信道character 字符check digit 校验数位circuit 电路,线路to clear 清除,清零clock 时钟code 代码to code 编码coder 编码员,编码器command 指令,命令compiler 编译程序computer language 计算机语言console 控制台control unit 控制部件,控制器core storage, core store 磁心存储器counter 计数器cybernetics 控制论cycle 循环data 数据data processing 数据处理debugging 调试decision 制定digit 数字,数位,位digital computer 数字计算机disc, disk 磁盘display unit 显示装置drum 磁鼓to edit 编辑electronics 电子学emitter 发射器to encode 编码to erase 擦除,清洗,抹除feed 馈送,供给to feed 馈送,供给feedback 反馈field 字段,信息组,域file 文件floppy disk 软磁盘floppy disk drive 软磁盘机flow chart 流程图frame 帧hardware 硬件identifier 标识符index 索引information 信息inline processing 内处理input 输入inquiry 询问instruction 指令integrated circuit 集成电路to interpret 解释item 项目,项jump 转移key 键,关键码keyboard 键盘latency time 等待时间library 库,程序库linkage 连接to load 装入,寄存,写入,加载location 存储单元logger 登记器,记录器loop 循环machine language 机器语言magnetic storage 磁存储器magnetic tape 磁带matrix 矩阵memory 存储器message 信息,报文microcomputer 微型计算机module 组件,模块monitor 监视器,监督程序,管程nanosecond 毫微秒network 网络,网numeric, numerical 数字的,数值的octet 八位位组,八位字节operator 操作员optical character reader 光符阅读机optical scanner 光扫描器output 输出overflow 溢出,上溢panel 平板parameter 参数,参量perforator 穿孔机peripheral equipment 外围设备,外部设备personal computer 个人计算机printed circuit 印制电路printer 打印机printout 打印输出to process 处理processing unit 处理部件program 程序to program 程序编制programmer 程序设计员programming 程序设计,程序编制pulse 脉冲punch 穿孔to punch 穿孔punched card, punch card 穿孔卡片punched tape, punch tape 穿孔纸带punch hole 孔,穿孔random access 随机存取to read 读reader 阅读程序reading 阅读real time 实时record, register 记录redundancy 冗余routine 例行程序selector 选择器,选择符sentinel 标记sequence 序列,顺序sequential 顺序的serial 串行的.连续的shift 移位,移数signal 信号simulation 模拟simulator 模拟器,模拟程序software 软件,软设备sort 分类,排序sorter 分类人员,分类机,分类程序,排序程序storage 存储器to store 存储subroutine, subprogram 子程序switch 开关symbol 符号symbolic language 符号语言system 系统tabulator 制表机teleprinter 电传打字机terminal 终端terminal unit 终端设备timer 时钟,精密计时器time sharing 分时timing 定时track 磁道transducer 传感器,翻译机translator 翻译程序,翻译器to update 更新Winchester disk drive 温彻斯特磁盘机,硬盘机working storage 工作存储器1. at the thought of一想到…2. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论3. at will 随心所欲4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地，7. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地8. in accord with 与…一致. out of one’s accord with 同…。

15篇文章贯通四级词汇(中英对照)15篇文章贯通四级词汇1、A Question of Rights [一项权利问题]Unfortunately , a crime was about to be committed but at that moment Lesley was unaware of the impending(即将发生的,迫近的) event , which would affect her life so drastically(极端地,彻底地) for the next years .一项犯罪就要得逞了。

而不幸的是，就在那时，莱斯利对即将发生的事毫无察觉。

这件事将彻底改变她此后两年的生活。

For the moment at least, her holiday at the cottage had been ideal. She had spent many idle hours relaxing on the deck , reading ,eating a sandwich when she was hungry and in the evening watching the sky turn from brilliant orange to peach and finally to pale purple , eventually the light becoming dim . It was about this time that the mist would begin to rise from the cool water hiding in the dense forest that hugged(环绕,拥抱) the shoreline(海岸线). Late evening dew(露水) glistened(闪耀,反光) on every bush and soon the loons' (潜鸟) call would resound (回响) across the water . She decided to take on last dip in the lake. As the cool night air touched her arms. She gave a little shiver and decided it was time to move inside.至少在那个时候，她在小别墅的假期还是很惬意的。

1、Students’ Part-time jobsThere are many advantages for a student to have a part time job. For instance, it helps him to realize that no success comes from nothing. It enables him to be independent and builds up his self-confidence. Therefore, part-time jobs can get the students out of the ivory tower and give them the opportunity to know more of himself and of his personal value in society.As everything has two sides, the disadvantages can‟t be ignored. Part-time jobs cut into students‟ study time; som e even become so preoccupied with making money that they ca …t focus their attention on studying. In the end, the students may fall behind or fail in their studies.In my opinion, students can choose to take up a job according to their own situation. The most important thing is for him to keep a good balance, put his study on top of the list and assign an adequate amount of time to it.2、Air PollutionAir pollution is one of the major problems of the modern world. A great deal of energy is needed to run the factories of modern industrial nations. Automobile, trains, planes and busses need energy, too. Nearly all of this energy is produced by burning fuels. The burning produces wastes, some of which remain in the air, causing air pollution.Scientists are finding ways to stop air pollution especially in bigindustrial areas and densely-populated cities. They are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be less damaging to the environment. In the meantime, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluted material. Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do minimum damage to the environment.However, it may be that we still have a long way to go before we have a "clean" world. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. There indeed seems to be no end to tasks that environmentalists will be required to do. People will continually find new ways to control pollution.3、AutomobilesAutomobiles, as a product of modern civilization, have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of human society. Industry needs automobiles for farming as well as transportation. Every day, automobiles drive people to and from work. On weekends automobiles take families for joyful outings. And during holiday seasons, automobiles fill the highways everywhere, even in remote areas. It could be said that the wheels of automobiles move society forward.But automobiles have also given rise to a series of problems. For example, cities are overcrowded with automobiles. They create a lot ofnoise and traffic accidents which disable(伤残) or kill many people each year. Worst of all perhaps is the air pollution caused by the exhaust gases produced by automobiles. Some of the gases are highly toxic(有毒的) and a serious health hazard.4、Choosing an OccupationEvery one faces the problem of choosing an occupation after graduation from college or university, which plays a vital role in his life. An appropriate occupation makes a man work with zest(热情) and vigor, as well as contribute to his country.To make a wise choice, two important things should be taken into consideration. One is the interest, the other, the demands of people and society. Only if the two aspects are connected, can a man show his talent and ability to the best advantage. If the two conflict, the former should be under the latter, for the people's interests are more important than the individual's.In regard to my choice in the future, I am fond of learning foreign languages; what is more, with the implementation of the Open-Door Policy, exchange between home and abroad in economy and culture has been growing significantly, thus I'm determined to be a qualified interpreter.Every one faces the problem of choosing an occupation aftergraduation from college or university, which plays a vital role in his life. An appropriate occupation makes a man work with zest(热情) and vigor, as well as contribute to his country.To make a wise choice, two important things should be taken into consideration. One is the interest, the other, the demands of people and society. Only if the two aspects are connected, can a man show his talent and ability to the best advantage. If the two conflict, the former should be under the latter, for the people's interests are more important than the individual's.In regard to my choice in the future, I am fond of learning foreign languages; what is more, with the implementation of the Open-Door Policy, exchange between home and abroad in economy and culture has been growing significantly, thus I'm determined to be a qualified interpreter.5、CompetitionCompetition makes people original and creative. It very necessary to compete if human society wants to advance. (Even animals compete for survival.) Without it, we would become lazy and nobody would rake any responsibility. When three monks live together, there will be no drinking water. This Chinese proverb vividly describes why China's productivity was so low before Mr Deng came to power. At that time, we had the so-called planned economy. There was no competition at all. So neitherfarmers nor workers worked hard. China was on the edge of collapse.Competition can stimulate people to try their best to do anything. For example, in 100-meter race, each sportsman runs as quickly as possible, trying to win the champion. The same things happen in our society and in our daily life. If a company wants to surpass others, it must compete with them. It must raise its efficiency. All the companies doing this will no doubt benefit the whole society and the whole human race.Being a student, I must compete with other students in our studies. I must study hard in all the fields so that I can be a useful man when I enter the society after graduation.6、ComputerThe computer is widely used in all fields of society. Today, wherever you go, you will find computers being used. For example, computers are used in universities, large corporations, and small offices, etc. It has even entered the homes of ordinary people. As it is able to store and process a large amount of information, the computer bring about great convenience and high efficiency to people of all walks of life.Computers can help people in different ways. For example, computer help scientists in analyzing data and doing complex calculation.For another example, computers are made use of by engineers in designing a plane, or a spaceship. Besides, computers may also play agreat role in helping children with their lesson. Whatever you are doing,you many find computer a useful aid.However, the computer must be designed and instructed by man. What is more, it is true that computers can make decisions, but they need detailed instructions and programs prepared by humans to operate.Therefore, the computer can never replace the human brain. 7、Energy ResourcesChina is rich in various energy resources. Coal and petroleum, for instance, are two major ones. They are essential in developing the country's industry, science and technology. China has done a great deal in the past few decades to raise its output of coal and petroleum.Three energy resources are being used up rapidly, With the building of four modernization, new industrial and science projects are springing up like bamboo shoots after rain. They are all big consumers of energy resources. Besides there has been considerable waste in the utilization of these resources.To avoid an energy crisis in the future, the government must take certain measures. First, it should let people know the importance of saving energy. Second, efforts should be made to develop new energy resources, such as solar energy, geothermal(地热) energy and so on. We have reason to be optimistic in this respect.8、Environmental ProtectionToday the quality of our natural environment has become an important issue. The world population is rising so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources and at the same time polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, life on earth cannot survive.Concerned people have made some progress in environmental protection. Governments of many countries have established laws to protect the air, forests and sea resources and to stop environmental pollution.Still more measures should be taken to solve environmental problems. People should be further educated to recognize the importance of the problems, to use modern methods of birth control, to conserve(保存) our natural resources and recycle(再循环) our products. We are sure that we can have a better and cleaner place in the future.9、Health and LifeAs the saying goes, you don‟t know what happiness is until you lose it‟ you don‟t know what health is until you are ill. “Health is of vital importance to life” sounds like a cliche to everyone, but it is absolutely true.The negligence of the delicate balance of your body and soul, theharmful habits such as smoking, excessive drinking and burning mid-night oil will catch up with you someday. How many big plans are interrupted by bad health! Even a normal life is unimaginable without the guarantee of health.How to keep fit is an eternal topic of diversity and controversy. Regardless of all the different suggestions poured from all kinds of sources, one should do at least two things for him/herself. First, hold an active and optimistic attitude toward life and maintain a mental well-being. Second, live a regular life and keep a balanced diet. Anyway, a healthy life is within reach when you begin to adjust your mind and body.10、IdealsEveryone has his ideals. A businessman wishes to make greater profit; a farmer expects bumper harvests; a student tries to learn more and better. And everyone strives, with more or less effort, to realize his ideal.One should be sensible about whether his ideal is well founded or not. If it is, one has to plan and work hard for its realization. Effort, skill and persistence are all necessary. And very often, one has to get help from others, including advice and support in one form or another.My ideal is to become a doctor, It is said that the field of medicine is a well-paid profession, but I take it as a lofty profession entrusted withsaving people‟s lives. To realize my ideal I have concentrated on laboratory work to develop the analytical skills necessary to become a qualified doctor. I am sure I will realize my ideal if I persevere in this pursuit.11、Importance of EducationChina, as a developing country, is determined to catch up with and even surpass the developed ones. I think that one of the best possible ways to do so is to give first priority(优先)to the development of culture, science and especially education.In modern times, when science and technology are making great progress, the education of the work force is of primary importance. Moreover, many of the success in advanced countries have demonstrated that a nation 's prosperity mainly depends on the quality of its labour force, namely those who have been well educated.In a developing country such as China, our investment in culture, education and science, and especially elementary education, must enjoy top priority. This is crucial(决定性的)for China to catch up with the developed nations in today's surging(汹涌的) waves of technological revolution. Otherwise, the gap between China and advanced countries will be widened rather than bridged.12、Is Failure a Bad Thing?Failure is what often happens. It is everywhere in our life. Students may fail in exams, scientists may fail in their research work, and athletes may fail in competitions.Although failure happens to everyone, attitudes towards failure are various. Some people don‟t think their failure is a very important thing at all. So they pay no attention to it. As a result, they will have the same failure a period later. Some people think themselves are fools and lose their hearts in everything after they get a failure. Consequently, they spend their time and energy on useless things and they may really be fools as they have thought.Other people are quite different from the two kinds of people mentioned above. Instead of being distressed and lost, they draw a lesson from every failure and become more experienced. After hard work, they will be successful in the end. It is said that failure is the mother of success. Success will be gained after times of failures so long as we are good at drawing lesson from our failures.In my opinion, failure is not a bad thing, the really bad thing is taking a failure as failure or even lose our heart after failure.13、Modernization of Family LifeWith the rapid development of the society, family life is becomingmodernized. Years ago, people considered owing radios, sewing machines, watches and bicycles as being modernized. But in recent years, almost all families have TV sets, refrigerators and washing machines. It is very common to see people ride motorcycles or even drive private cars and more and more families have telephones, computers and air-conditioners.The modernization of family life brings us convenience and comfort. One may enjoy TV or radio programs, communicate with his friends through telephone or work with his computer while his washing machine, refrigerator and air-conditioners are running. And by car or motorcycle one can quickly reach wherever he wants to go.In spite of this, these modern facilities also bring us disadvantages. For example, radiation from TV sets and computers is harmful to our health; improper driving of cars and motorcycles becomes the major cause of traffic accidents. The quietness of a family is often disturbed by a falsedialing or unwelcome phone call. But it is believed that these disadvantages will be disposed of with the improvement of modernization and our life will be more healthy and more comfortable.14、 On Open PolicyThe open policy means that our country is open to investment, trade and technical and economic cooperation with other countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. The purpose of open policy is to acquireadvanced technology, management skills to serve our socialist construction so as to promote the realization of the four modernizations.We must adhere to the open policy. Because economic relations between states today have become increasingly close, and no country can possibly advance behind close doors. Only in this way, can we gradually close the gap between our country and the developed countries.Through the implementation of policy, we can learn advanced technology and managerial expertise from abroad; make full use of the foreign capitals to set up great enterprises; absorb useful and healthy ideas and new knowledge of the modern civilization; and broaden our views and raise our level of competence.15、Popular Sports in ChinaSports are flourishing in china now. More and more people are willing to take part in sports of different kinds, such as table-tennis, football, volleyball, and so on. Every year there are many matches played on the city, provincial or national level. Sports are no longer limited to a few professional players.Early in the morning people may be seen doing exercise. Martial arts (like Chinese boxing or swordplay) which formerly were cultivated for self-defense, now have become a form of physical exercise and are practiced in parks, streets, gardens, or on campuses. In addition youngand old people are also often seen running in order to build up their bodies.China promotes sports to enhance the physical condition of its people; she is formulating policies to provide encouragement of this activity. She awards prizes to the excellent players for the best records both in china and the world. In the world the Chinese have become a strong people instead of “the weaklings of East Asia”.。

An Ideal PositionLife is good. My career in elementary education in Canada is now just a fond memory. I think back on the many years of service and I recall the many classed I taught, the different schools I worked at, the countless staff meetings I attended and the many committees I served on. I estimate that the number of faculty members I worked with over the years is in the hundreds and well over a thousand students have called me teacher. Is it any wonder that I can say that I always felt comfortable walking in school corridors?Sometimes I worked with students at the intermediate level. In Canada, students at that level are youth in their preteen(are youth in their preteen(青春期前的青春期前的青春期前的) years as well as teenagers. ) years as well as teenagers. When I decided to retire, I knew that the first step in the procedure was to write a letter to my employer, a school board, to resign my position. I postponed mailing the letter. I was reluctant to add the postage to the letter, knowing that once I mailed it, the decision could not be reversed.Because I was a veteran teacher of many years, I would be eligible to receive a pension. I calculated that the revenue(calculated that the revenue(收入收入收入) I would receive each month would be sufficient to sustain my ) I would receive each month would be sufficient to sustain my current lifestyle. If I was smart about my spending habits, I might even have a surplus of money. I certainly would not need to pinch every penny. I knew the money would not come to me in the form of a check. Instead, it would be deposited directly into my bank account. I could withdraw cash from my investments if I needed to supplement my income, my credit rating would allow me to be eligible for a loan when some unforeseen(unforeseen(预料不到的预料不到的预料不到的) ) financial crisis a rose. I knew, therefore, that there was no reason to panic, as my future was secure even if inflation increased or a recession occurred. In either case my income would only be minus a few dollars, a fraction of the total amount.I decided to take the plunge, but waited another fortnight before I mailed the letter. I even paused briefly(paused briefly(简短的简短的简短的,,暂时的暂时的) with the letter part way into the mail slot() with the letter part way into the mail slot(投信口投信口,,狭缝狭缝) before I thrust ) before I thrust the letter into the mailbox. I knew that the simple act of mailing that letter would alter my life. I looked for clues to determine how striking the changes in my daily life would be. How would I spend my time? In spite of having many long yearly vacations when I could pursue other interests, I had not bothered to make an earnest effort to confine my activities to one particular hobby. Would I find life as a retiree boring? What new adventures might await me? Would I use my time to volunteer at a hospital or maybe work for a local charity? Maybe I would apply for membership in a golf league. Maybe I would donate(donate(捐赠捐赠捐赠) ) my time and work with the Better Business Bureau. I night decide to enter local politics and run for a position on town council or I could run for the position of Deputy Mayor of my town, or maybe even consider submitting my name to be a candidate in an election for member of parliament(国会国会). I would need to campaign ). I would need to campaign and then wait to see if people would vote for me on Election Day at the polls.In spite of the fact that the possibilities all had merit, I had to admit that I only had a superficial interest in pursuing any of them. In fact, I was indifferent to most of the options. Did I think they might interfere with other commitments(义务义务,,委托委托) or mean I would ) or mean I would have to cancel other appointments? Or was I just too attached to the idea of teaching, feeling that it formed part of my identity?I examined my emotions about the new direction my life would take. Would retirement add a new dimension to my life and multiply my feeling of satisfaction or would the world apprehension(apprehension(理解理解理解,,领悟领悟) be more applicable? ) be more applicable?Did I feel guilty about not being gainfully(gainfully(有利益的有利益的有利益的) ) employed when I was qualified and capable? As a certified(capable? As a certified(被证明的被证明的被证明的) teacher, did I feel obligated to work in the field of education? ) teacher, did I feel obligated to work in the field of education? Did I feel entitled to sleep in late each day, or would that bother my conscience? Would I simply grow old gracefully or would feel that ridiculous?My instincts told me that although I would feel grateful for my good health, curiosity about other countries and lifestyles would overtake the desire to spend my time with senior citizens, playing board games, such as chess all day. Wouldn’t I rather learn about other cultures and at the same time be an ambassador for my own country?I began to inquire about opportunities and whenever I searched the internet for jobs, I always seemed be drawn like a magnet to the category of teaching. It did not take long before I found that there were countless positions available in many countries. Amid the listings I identified several that were for teaching positions in China. I decided that I would communicate with some of the people offering these positions. I sent e-mails and made phone calls to several prospective(可能的可能的,,未来的未来的) employers. The feedback that ) employers. The feedback that I got from most of them was that they expected me to bring all the resources necessary. How could I pack enough in my baggage to provide what was needed? I was inclined to look for a situation where books were provided. I wanted to sign a contract for only one semester but found that most positions were for one or two years. I could sympathize with the amount of paper work needed to arrange for a person to accept one of those positions and realized that it was wiser for people to spend a year or two in one location. I attended seminars by companies trying to recruit teachers. I found several companies that captured my interest.I began to review my options. I asked specific questions about the positions with companies that sincerely interested me. I inquired about how many suitcases I would be allowed to bring and what the living accommodations would be. It was refreshing to realize that there was a big demand for people who could teach English. Several positions seemed superior in their benefits and they sparked my interest even more. I especially wanted to teach students at the secondary or high school level rather than middle school.I could hardly believe that I was contemplating(盘算盘算,,思量思量) dong this at this age of my life. At ) dong this at this age of my life. At times I felt that it was a radical idea but I also realized that I had always had the desire to have this kind of experience but circumstances never seemed quite right. Now they were. I decided to proceed.I made an oral agreement with a company. I read their written contracts, clause by clause; to be sure nothing had been omitted from the oral agreement. In spite of wanting the clause about staying two years to be deleted, I signed the legal contract after a few minor changes were made and initialed in the margin.There were many details to consider. After choosing the company that I wanted to work for, I still had to take a long time look at my circumstances. I decided that I would sell my car, put my personal belongings in storage and rent my house. A lot of time and effort was required to make all the arrangements. I decided to tackle(解决解决) one aspect at a time. ) one aspect at a time.The first thing I targeted was to sell my car. As a matter of principle, I felt that the value of the car would depreciate(car would depreciate(贬值贬值贬值,,跌价跌价) over the time I was out of the country. The sensible strategy was ) over the time I was out of the country. The sensible strategy was to sell it. Fortunately, my niece wanted to buy the car.I made a list of things to take with me. I was advised to take auxiliary light. I packed battery-operated flashlights to be used to case of power failure. I included a waterproof jacket incase I needed to walk to school in the rain. I needed to sort my belongings. I had to decide what to save and what to pitch out. For example, I decided I no longer needed my typewriter, as I only used my computer for word processing now, so I decided to give it away.I made many lists and developed a cold as a way to catalogue my possessions. As I packed items in cardboard boxes, I made a list regarding the contents on the outside of each box. I packed dishes in towels to protect them. Many times I had to undo a box because I forgot to list the contents. When I finally snapped the lid of a box shut, I sealed it with transparent tape and checked to be sure that it would not loosen. I also included another tag, which gave each box a number because all cardboard boxes look identical. I was careful not to abbreviate(abbreviate(缩写缩写缩写) ) the names of items in the lists lest that would mislead me as to the contents. I continued with this method, which also created an index of items. It seemed the rational way to coordinate and organize things. I remarked many times during this phase of my preparations that I had not realized I had so much gear.At times I had to laugh at myself. My activities seemed like they would make a good script for a comedy. Maybe I should write a play about what I was doing and copyright it. It certainly would be good for a few scenes on a soap opera.On the spur of the moment I decided to loan my sofa and my rug to my niece who was moving to a larger home. That would mean a few less things to put into storage.I fulfilled my obligation to provide proof of good health. I had a chest x-ray taken. I had a complete physical examination. I had dental check up. Because my health reports all indicated I was in excellent health, all of the health care professionals I visited encouraged me to pursue my adventure.I renewed my passport, my proof of identity as a Canadian citizen. I knew that once I arrived in China I would also be registered with the Canadian Embassy.My family family’’s reaction when I told them about my plans was as expected. Although they sanctioned my idea and supported me the endeavor(endeavor(努力努力努力,,尽力尽力), ), they were sad to think that I would be half way across the world for such a long time. The frown on my grandson’s face told me that the situation would be especially difficult for him and that he might feel neglected by me.Although I could scarcely argue with the comments of my family about their feelings, for their sake I talked about the time away from home as if it was just a few short days. I would be backing home before they knew it. They suggested that I come back after one year for the summer and then return for the second year. I agreed to this plan.Five years ago, would I have thought that this was in the realm of possibility? I doubt that I would have. But here I am in China, in my second year of living in this amazingly progressive civilization, and I can honestly say that I have never once regretted my decision to teach in China. I must also admit that I have learned far more from my students than they have learned from me. I admire their thirst for knowledge and they seem to thrive on challenges. They never seen tempted to take a short cut, always working hard and giving a supreme effort. Their tolerance for their English teach teacher’s er’s lack of familiarity with Chinese customs has been appreciated. They always are positive in their attitudes toward me and have helped me whenever they could. At times they have insisted on doing things for me that was capable of doing myself. It has become a habit to surrender to their wishes to assist. One student in particular always takes on the job of carrying my packages, saying that it is his pleasure to be my porter.When I started to plan this adventure I had only a vague idea of what the country of china would be like. I could recognize their flag but was not even familiar with their national anthem(国歌). My comprehension of the customs of the country was very limited I felt almost ashamed at how little I knew. I did not know if they used the metric or the imperial(imperial(英制的英制的英制的) ) system of measurement. Would I buy fluids such as milk and soda in quarts or liters? Would I need to learn the Chinese word for gram or for inch? Indeed I had never heard the word ‘jin jin’’ before.I knew little about the food I would be eating. Would dairy products such as skim milk and cheese and yoghurt(cheese and yoghurt(酸酪酸酪酸酪) be available? Would I eat only rice and noodles or would the variety of ) be available? Would I eat only rice and noodles or would the variety of foods be endless? May be I would be enjoying a rack of lean pork ribs as a delicious treat.I was unaware that there were so many dialects in the Chinese language. I had no idea how I would communicate but when I arrived in china, I soon found myself having a limited dialogue with Chinese people. They would try to speak a few words of English and I would attempt a few words in Chinese. However, I resorted to sign language more than words.How much I have learned! It has been a wonderful, rewarding experience and the one comment that comes to my mind is “I I wouldn’t wouldn’t wouldn’t have missed it for the world! have missed it for the world! have missed it for the world!””理想职业生活是美好的。

英语四级作文范文背诵50篇31. Advantages of Trying New ThingsIt is widely accepted that one is more likely to succeed at things he already knows how to do well.However,to limit ourselves to doing only those things we are good at will make us miss many opportunities to develop other interests and skills.Therefore,sometimes it is necessary for us to try some new things and take some rests.Though we have the risk of failure when trying new things,we can get many advantages from it.Firstly,the process of trying a new thing is a rewarding experience,from which we may feel a different world.Secondly,even if we fail,we can still absorb experience and lessons from the trying process and our failure.Thirdly,if it turns out that we succeed at this new try,we'll get great pleasure and confidence.Finally,it is impossible for us to never fail even if we do only what we are familiar with.We don't know when we'll meet the situation we can't control.With experience of trying new things,when facing unexpected situations,we can deal with them better.Condidering the above mentioned,we needn't be afraid of new things but should bravely try them.But it is worth noting that trying new things bravely does not mean acting rashly and blindly.We should take full account before we are ready to try new things.32. Holiday EconomyAs we see, the extended holidays have caused unexpected great travel craze and brisk economic activities.But there are many debates on the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of holiday economy.Many people,especially some economists,are in favor of the holiday economy.They believe that tourism-based holiday economy has raised consumption and helped to spur the domestic demands.Inaddition,transportation,catering,hotels and service industries become flourishing during long holidays.However,many others argue that the holiday economy do more harm thangood.First,the travel craze puts a heavy burden on the trafficsystem.Second,thousands of tourists full scenic spots causing over crowdedness and safety problems.As to me,I believe the advantages of holiday economy outweigh its disadvantages.After all,holiday economy greatly benefits the development of our overall economy.Besides,consumers can enjoy more colourful commodities and more preferential policies provided by the merchants.But the government should take effective measures to reduce the side effects of holiday economy.33. Education For AllNowadays in China,the limit to candidates for college entrance examination is not so strict as before. People of all ages and even married people can take the examination and have a chance of becoming a college student. The new regulation has many advantages.Firstly,it provides more people with chances to receive high education. There are many people who have once lost the chance to enter a college for some reason. Now they can pick up their own dreams of being a college student. Secondly,it will introduce morestudents with different backgrounds and the abilities for colleges and universities. Finally,it stimulates competition and promotes the candidates to work harder.However,relaxing the limit of age and marriage might bring some problems. For one thing,married students have to take care of the family and children, which brings more difficulties for school management. For another,there might be a gap between the elder students and the other young students. Therefore,more attention should be paid to the enrollment of those people of other age groups and married persons.34.Parental Hopes and Personal IdealsAll parents hope their children will have a bright future. However, parents’ expectations for their children are not always in accordance with their children’s personal ideals, and sometimes they are even conflicting with each other. This is often a main cause for quarrels and gaps between parents and children. But what lead to the conflict between parental hopes and personal ideals?The following three factors contribute to the conflict. First of all, in thisfast-changing society, parents and children have too many differences in mind. Secondly, traditional patriarchy is still influencing Chinese parents in modern society. They are used to making decisions for their children. Third, nowadays young people have strong independence, who want to plan their own future and control their own destiny. Thus the conflict between parents and children inevitably appear.In order to solve the conflict, both parents and children should pay their efforts. For one thing, parents should give their children rights to make their own decisions. They may help their children make choices instead of replacing them to make choices. For another, children should learn to respect their parents’ advices since parents tend to have more life experience. Besides, to communicate with each other actively is necessary to their understanding each other. As long as both parents and children learn to think from the other side’s point of view, the conflicts between them can be avoided35.Does e-mail make people get closer or drift apart?Nowadays, more and more people are exchanging a great variety of imformation by using electronic mails instead of traditional ways of mailing letters. Some people think that e-mail makes relationships among people closer, while some others maintain that makes people drift apart.Those who hold the former opinion insist that the appearence of e-mail makes communication quicker and more convenient. By e-mail people can deliver more information including pictures and sounds. However, some others think e-mail with the same format and printfont includes less emotion, then traditional letters written by hand. Most people use e-mails to deliver information instead of feelings.From my point of view, e-mail does bring great convenience for people, but it is not a better way to express our feelings than traditional letters. Our hand-writing on the paper can deliver much emotion. Therefore, when you want to express your love and care to someone, writing a letter to her or him by hand is a wise choice.36.How to improve public morals?Nowadays there are still many behaviors against public morality, such as spiting or littering in public places, cutting in line, wasting water or electricity and so on.One of the main reasons for these immoral behaviors is that some people lack personal manners and public consciousness. Actually these small things in many people's eyes have brought great bad effects on our community. Above all, these immoral behaviors disturb social order and disrupt socialsbility. Moreover, one's violating public morality not only evades others' benefits but also does harm to himself. For example, if most people buy pirated products, those original producers will suffer great damage and might lose the enthusiasm to continue their producing. Which in turn, influences consumers taking the profits into consideration, I think it is high time that we would take more effective measures to improve public morals.First of all, education plays a very vital role. We must utilize education to make people know their behaviors influence on the society and follow public morals consciously. Besides the government should improve the administration system and ensure the efficient improvement of administration measures.37.A Food Poisoning AccidentLast month, I witnessed a food poisoning accident happening to my classmates. At that time the situation was really very dangerous and urgent. Though finally they got out of danger, this accident is still vivid in my mind.That day was Julie’s birthday, one of my classmates. In order to celebrate it, her roommates bought a big birthday cake for her from a supermarket nearby. They shared the cake happily. However, after a while, all of them felt abdominal pain, nausea and dizziness. Two of them even cannot stand up because of great pain. We rushed to send them to the hospital. It turned out that the cake they ate had expired its guarantee period. Futunately, due to timely treatment, they all recovered very soon.However, this accident leaves me a deep ponder. I think it is very urgent to take effective measures to improve food safety. Firstly, the government should strengthen supervision and administration on food safety. More importantly, to those who immoral businessmen, more strict punishment should be given. Besides, we consumers should be more careful in buying food. Only in this way can we make sure that no same accident happens.38.Internet and PrivacyInternet has penetrated into all the aspects of our life and work. We can study and work by it. We can find a job by it. We can communicate by it. We can entertain by it. We can buy and sell by it. We can do almost everything on Internet, and almost anywhere, anytime.However, at the same time Internet provides services for us, it is inevitably invading our privacy to some degree. The services on most websites require our registry. If we want to enjoy these services, we have to provide much private much private information, including our names, genre, address, telephone number and sometimes bank accounts. Due to the poor Internet administration and weak network security, our information might be open, stolen or sold. Even sometimes the information will be misused by the criminals.来源： Considering the above mentioned, we must enhance the alertness when using the Internet. First, when we need Internet service, we should always log on those big legal websites. Second, if the service requires importantprivate information, you should think twice before you type in it.39.Show Your Love to Victims in Wenchuan EarthquakeMay 20th, 2008Dear Students,On the 12th of May in 2008, an incredible and unknown earthquake suddenly hit Wenchuan in Sichuan Province, which caused both financial and life loss in a large number. The awful result and influence are beyond people’s estimate. Now people there are suffering from poor living conditions such as lack of clean water, food as well as health problems. Moreover, they are putting up with pains of losing their loved ones and their homes. Despite many difficulties, the local people are striving to reestablish their hometown out of the ruins. So it’s high time that we should show our love to the victims there, such as donating money and materials. If you are willing to give a hand, please contact us at the number 23533316 in the day time and 23533317 at night.Join us in the action and extend our love in the spirit that there is any possible difficulties.Thank you!Sincerely, yoursStudents' Union40. Learn to Be GratefulNowadays, quite a few college students lack conciousness of being grateful. They turn to take such things for granted, as parents supporting them, teachers helping them, and waiters serving them. They are even mean to say "Thank you" to others. This phenomenon has caused great attention from the whole society.The following reasons can account for the lack of gratefulness conciousness. First of all, unsound family education plays an important role. Many parents turn to pay too much attention to children's academic performance, but ignore their value orientation. Moreover, schools don't input enough time and money in moral education. Besides, nowadays, college students get so much love that they are insenstive to others' care and help.Considering the seriousness of the problem, it is high time to take effective measures to strengthen college students conciousness of being grateful. First, parents should improve self-quality and influence children by their own behaviors. Second, our society and schools must increase input in moral education, and try to build the atmosphere of being grateful. Finally, we college students should learn to express our gratefulness to people around us, just beginning from the simple "Thank you".41.The Moonlight ClanNowadays, more and more people, especially the young are joining in the army of “the moonlight clan”. These people exhaust their earnings every month without any savings. Many people think this is a fashionable life style, while more other people object to this kind of consumption style.Those who support “the moonlight clan” think that those people know how to enjoy life and have a higher life quality. However, more other people criticize “the moonlight clan”. They say that the consu mption habit of “the moonlight clan” is unhealthy and sometimes wasteful. In addition, no savings will place “the moonlight clan” in a difficult position in case of unexpected expenses. 恒星英语学习网Weighing these two arguments, I prefer to the latter one. In my eyes, though “themoonlight clan” may acquire temporary satisfaction from their consumption, in the long term, it is unfavorable to their family and career. Just as a proverb says, one should always prepare for a rainy day.42.Young People Should Have IdealsWhat are you going to do when you grow up? When I was a child, people often asked me this question about the ideal. Undoubtedly, every individual, especially a young person, should have an ideal. Hardly can we find any great people we know ideal when they were young.An ideal is a vital importance to one's growth and success. On the one hand, an ideal is the target of one's life. Once you decide what your ideal is, you know where to go, and which way to take. Otherwise, you might become puzzled in many things in your life. On the other hand, an ideal is like the engine of vehicles. Only when we have our own ideals, can we find the origin of energy and enthusiasm in life, and become active and perseverant. Whatever your ideal is, careful plan and preparation is vital to its realization. Of course, the path from where you are to where you want to get is not always smooth and straight. Therefore, an optimistic, positive mind is indispensable in the process of your persevering your ideal.In a word, only if you have an ideal, you will have the chance of realizing it.43.parents making decisions for their childrenIn morden society,traditonal patriarchy is still influencing Chinese parents.They tend to make almost all decisions for their children,from choosing school to picking up a profession and to deciding whom they are to marry.Sometimes even those detail things such as clothing and daily timetables have to be decided by parents.However,deciding everthing for children does not help them but harm them in many ways.On the one hand,it will make children lack independence and initiative,which is unfavourable to their development in the long run.On the other hand,in many cases parents' decisions are not always in accordance with children' personal ideas and interests,this will make children form resistence and naturely influence their growth.From my piont of view,it is unwise for parents to make every decision for their children.It is obvious that parents can not accompany their children for ever.To grow to be indepent is a nature way foreverbody.Therefore, in my opinion parents should give their children chances to make their own decisions .They may help their children make choices instead of replacing them to make choices.44.CriticismIt is not unusual for people to be subject to criticism. Anyone may be criticised by others in his work or study. For example: workers who fail to accomplish their tasks will be criticised. Students who have poor performance in exams will be criticised.Attitudes towards criticism differ from person to person. Some people will become annoyed if they are criticised and they will try to excuse themselves by all means. Some people tend to be indifferent criticism. They just regard criticism as nonsenses. But still some people accept criticism modestly and try to find their shortcomings by other's criticism. These people stand a better chance of success in their life.As to me, I welcome other's criticism tome. I have always believed the Chinese saying,"Good medicine but taste bitter will heal one's illness". In my opinion, the criticism will make us unhappy. It can help us know our shortcomings and inadequacy. Therefore,we should take other's criticism seriously, instead being annoyed with or turning a deaf ear to it.45.Learn to give up wiselyNever give up has been accepted by many people as a positive life attitude. Admittly persistence often plays an important role in one success. However,in many cases to give up might be wiser than to persist blindly. The following reasons can support this argument.Firstly,sometimes our goal may be unrealistic. If we insist on it blindly, it will finally bring us nothing but failure. At this time,what we should do is give up the orignal goal and reset a more pratical one.Secondly,not all persistence can bring deserving results. For a very simple example if we keep waiting in line for hours, only to have a luncheon restaurant may be it is unwise.来源：恒星英语学习网 Finally, to give up wisely does not mean admitting failure. Instead,it does mean a new hope of success.Considering the above mentioned, we can come to the conclusion that to give up wisely is a kind of more mature life attitude. Though giving up sometimes is painful and costly,in the long run what we gain will definitely far out weight what we lose.46. a witness of a theft incidentYesterday I witnessed a theft incident on my way home.The thelf was so that it left me a very deep impression...It was in the rush hour when many people would buy tickets the subway station.A woman took her purse out and pay for the ticket and then she put her purse back into her bag and turn to leave when a middle aged man rushed pass her muttering:"excuse me ", she didn't feel unusual and went into station indeed her purse had been stolen by that man. To our surprise the thelf seems not to be nervous at all and even began to look others up and down. Maybe he was searching for the next target.At that time,some persons including me witnessed the process but unfortunately no one dared to warn that woman. 恒星英语学习网This incident makes me ashamed and leave me a deep thought:the pickpocket has posed a great threat to residents and visitors' property safety. Undoutedly, it is a urgent thing to take action to preventpickpocket .However, it cannot dependent on the police only ,instead it needs our common efforts .We connot shut our eyes and mouths to the pickpocket anymore .It should be kept in our minds that our forces are far beyond these thelves.47.A complaint letter to one neighbourAuguest 14th,2008.Dear Mr. John ,I'm one of your neighbours.And I'm now writing and behave of the resident 's association to complain about your making noises.You disterb others' normal lifes.Since you moved in the building three months ago we have received many complaints about your bad behaviors. According to the complaints you have shown very little consideration for the other residents of the building.For example ,you often turned on the music very loudly till late.Furthermore every weekend your extremely noisey partys last until the early hours of the next morningso that other residents can not have a good rest.Much words though some residents have talked to you about the noise you made your behavior has no improvement.A harmony community's life needs every resident's effert.Of course you are no exception.We hope you can realise and stop your improper behavior as soon as possible.Unless you do something to improve the present situation,we will have no other choice but to take legal action.Your's sincerelyLinYue48. How To Deal With DepressionIn recent years,more and more people have suffered from depression.With the increasingly fierce competition,more and more people are bearing great pressure from study,work and life.Under great pressure, many people begin to become sad,hopeless and finally suffer from depression.Depression has brought great bad influence on one'study, work and life.In fact,depression affects not only one's mind but also his body. Those with severe depression even unable to continue their work or carry out normal activities of depression. The symptoms mainly include feelings of sadness, hopelessness, not wanting food and trouble sleeping.Besides, depression is linked to many other diseases, like heart disease, What's worse, deprssion is one of the main courses of people's suicide.Considering the bad effects of depression, it must be taken more seriously. For those patients with depression, first of all ,it is important to accept treatment timely instead of covering or ignoring the disease. Besides,people shuold learn to release pressure and keep a pleasant mood. Actually,the best treatment is a combination of medication and psychological help.Only in this way can people reduce the chance of suffering from depression.49. Travel alone or travel with a companionWhen it comes to a traveling way, different people will offer different opinions.Some people like to travel alone, while others prefer to travel with a companion. Of course every one has different considerations for his preference. Traveling alone one can enjoy more freedom. The traveler can arrange his tour as he wishes. Without the trouble of compromising with others. Morever, traveling alone tends to bring the traveler unexpected surprises, such as making a new friend and enjoying different scenery.Compared with traveling alone, traveling with a companion has also its advantages. For one thing the group members can help and look after each other on the journey. For another traveling with others who have the same interest as you, you can share experiences and pleasure with them.As for me, I prefer to travel with a companion. Firstly, we can together deal with the possible problems and difficulties on the journey. Secondly, I like to share the experience of traveling with others. In summary, both traveling alone and traveling with a companion have their own attractions and you can enjoy the pleasure of traveling from either one50. Create a green campusIt is of great importance to make and maintain a green campus in our university or college. Obviously, a growing number ofpeople are beginning to realize that it is our duty to do that in the present days, since the concept of “a green world” has become the focus of the society.The idea of “a green campus” is beyond a green environment. To begin with, the development on the campus is to be sustainable and recyclable. Some of the authorities’ budget should be on how to reduce of the waste. What’s more, we’d better be aware of the seriousness of pollution around us. Thus the idea of environmental protection may become a common occurrence in our daily life.It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to protect our campus from waste and pollution, and hence these activities are to play an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Certainly, there is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campuses.阅读理解重点词汇1. hunt for v.搜寻2. stumble v.绊倒，使困惑，蹒跚，结结巴巴地说话，踌躇n.绊倒，错误3. attract vt.吸引vi.有吸引力，引起注意4. intellectual property 知识产权5. counsel n.讨论，商议，辩护律师vt.劝告，忠告6. inefficient adj.效率低的，效率差的，（指人）不能胜任的，无能的7. drawback n.缺点，障碍，退还的关税，退税（指进口货物再出口时退还其进口时的关税）8. eliminate vt.排除，消除v.除去9. concept n.观念，概念10. implicit adj.暗示的，盲从的，含蓄的，固有的，不怀疑的，绝对的11. strategy n.策略，军略12. design n.设计，图案，花样，企图，图谋，（小说等的）构思，纲要v.设计，计划，谋划，构思13. tempt vt.诱惑，引诱，吸引，使感兴趣，考验，试探14. sign up 登记，签约15. potential adj.潜在的，可能的，势的，位的n.潜能，潜力，电压16. traffic n.交通，通行，运输，贸易，交通量，交易，交往，通信量vi.交易，买卖vt.在……通行，用……作交换17. marketing n.行销，买卖18. worthwhile adj.值得做的，值得出力的19. keep a close watch on 密切注视，密切关注20. demand for 需求21. compensation to 补偿，赔偿22. negotiate 谈判，商量23. maintain vt.维持，维修，继续，供养，主张24. mean n. 用意25. look out v.面朝，留神，照料26. discrimination n.辨别，区别，识别力，辨别力，歧视27. condemn vt.判刑，处刑，声讨，谴责28. illegal adj.违法的，不合规定的29. continue to 继续30. unaware of 没有意识到31. have a big advantage over 对…有较大优势32. spread n.伸展，展开，传播，蔓延，酒席，宴会，桌布v.伸展，展开，铺，涂，敷，摆，传播，散布33. suspiciously adv.猜疑着，怀疑着34. start with 以……开始35. respectively adv.分别地，各个地36. predecessor n.前辈，前任，（被取代的）原有事物37. coincidence n.一致，相合，同时发生或同时存在（尤指偶然）的事38. dream up v.空想出，<俗>构思，创造，设计（发明物等）39. junior n.年少者，晚辈，下级，（年龄、职位等）较低者，大学三年级学生adj.年少的，下级的，后进的40. improving 改进，改善（质量），精炼41. insensitive adj.对……没有感觉的，感觉迟钝的42. qualification n.资格，条件，限制，限定，赋予资格43. confidence n.有信心44. publicly adv.公然地，舆论上45. graduation n.毕业，毕业典礼，刻度，分等级46. ceremony n.典礼，仪式，礼节，报幕员47. literally adv.照字面意义，逐字地48. draw up v.草拟，停住，逼近，追上，整队49. recipient adj.容易接受的，感受性强的n.容纳者，容器50. plough through 费劲地阅读，吃力地钻研，艰难地通过51. come to v.达到，继承，复苏，停止，想起，共计52. client n.[计]顾客，客户，委托人53. blame n.过失，责备vt.责备，谴责54. concern about （利害）关系，关心，关注，关注，所关心的是55. shop at 购物56. admission n.允许进入，承认某事之陈述，供认57. lag n.落后，囚犯，迟延，桶板，防护套adj.最后的vi.缓缓而行，滞后vt.落后于，押往监狱，加上外套58. approach n.接近，逼近，走进，方法，步骤，途径，通路vt.接近，动手处理vi.靠近59. crucial adj.至关紧要的60. panicn.惊慌，恐慌，没有理由的61. prospect n.景色，前景，前途，期望vi.寻找，勘探62. modest adj.谦虚的，谦让的，适度的63. in despair绝望64. despite prep.不管，尽管，不论65. fortune n.财富，运气，大量财产，好运，命运vt.<古>偶然发生vt.给……以大宗财富66. predominately adv. 占主要优势地67. overbidvt.出价高与（别人），（桥牌上）叫牌超过（别人）vi.过高出价n.过高的出价，过高的叫牌68. folk n.人们，亲属（复数），民族adj.民间的69. comfortableadj.舒适的70. lining n.加衬里，内层，衬套71. bubble n.泡沫，幻想的计划vi.起泡，潺潺的流72. be influenced by被…影响73. ingredient n.成分，因素74. sustain vt.支撑，撑住，维持，持续75. be worth doing值得做76. place a very high value on特别重视77. entertainern.款待者，表演娱乐节目的人，演艺人员78. for the sake of 为了79. symptom n.[医][植]症状，征兆80. intellectualadj.智力的，有智力的，显示智力的n.知识分子81. counterbalancevt.使平均，使平衡，弥补n.平衡量，平衡力，势均力敌82. anything but adv.决不83. distaste n.讨厌，嫌恶84. pursuit n.追击，追求85. participate in v.参加，参与，分享86. democracy n.民主政治，民主主义87. resent v.愤恨，怨恨88. privilegen.特权，特别待遇，基本公民权力，特免vt.给与……特权，特免89. innate adj.先天的，天生的90. reluctantlyadv.不情愿地，嫌恶地91. manipulate vt.（熟练地）操作，使用（机器等），操纵（人或市价、市场），利用，应付，假造92. ponder v.沉思，考虑93. in the gripe of 掌握94. militantly好战地是非问题分析论证句式Whereas other societies look to the past for guidance, we cast our nets forward（面向未来）It is the belief in a brighter future that gives us optimism. Even these days, when not all progress seems positive (nuclear weapons, air pollution, unemployment, etc.), the belief remains that for every problem there is a rational solution.The job of the parents is to give the children every opportunity while they are growing up and then get out of their way.What deference people in authority do command is based on their actual powers rather than on their age, wisdom, or dignity.In a society that changes as fast as ours, experience simply does not have the value that it does in traditional societies. It has taken a long time to convince the public that free enterprise does not mean that a company should be free to pollute the air, foul the rivers, and destroy the forests.The assembly line reduced workers to cogs of machinery and made their jobs unutterably boring, but it produced goods fast.Food is prepackaged and shopping is impersonal, but the efficiency of the operation produces lower prices and less shopping time.As an American is always striving to change his lot, he never fully identifies with any group.In America, there are no such expressions such as in china where “the fat pig gets slaughtered,” or in Japan, where “the nail that sticks out gets hammered down.”This freedom from the group has enabled the American to becom e “Economic Man”-one directed almost purely by profit motive, mobile and unencumbered（不受阻碍的）by family or community obligations.Equipped with the money, one can acquire the taste, style, and ideas that mark each class and launch a quick ascent of the social ladder.Actually, persons in status societies who are secure in their niches （适当的位置）are allowed more eccentricity than Americans, who rely heavily on signals that other people like them.When half the population goes to college, one cannot expect the colleges to maintain the same standards as in countries where only the elite attend.Just as not every Japanese is hardworking and deferential to superiors （长者、上司）, not every Chinese is devoted to family, not every American is ambitious or patriotic - or even unsophisticated.No one could seriously think that anyone who grows up poor, lives in a bad neighborhood, and attends an inferior school has an opportunity equal to that of someone more favored.Americans may not have achieved equality, but at least they aspire to it, which is more than many other nations can claim.In many countries, when jobs become available for young people in distant cities, when television begins to dominate home life, when ready - made foods appear in the markets, the culture appears more “American” - although the resemblance could be entirely superficial.Someone who looks around or down appears shifty （不可靠的）to Americans, although in fact one doesn’t stare continuously at the other person, but glances elsewhere every few seconds.When the demand for something is greater than its supply, producers and suppliers will sense the possibility of making a profit - the excess of revenues over expenses is the profit. As the case illustrates, competition takes four general forms: pure competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly（少数制造商对市场的控制）.The classic example of pure competition occurs with a commodity, like wheat or corn, that has so many producers that no one of them can control its selling price.A monopoly occurs when one company alone offers a particular food or service and therefore controls the market and price for it.Private restaurants serve gourmet food for $70 per person; incentives boosted agricultural production 25 percent and industrial output 80 percent in just three years; farmers are encouraged to raise as much as they can on their own plots, and some become almost rich in the process.（注意本句中分号的使用）All these changes in China’s economic life have brought changes in China’s social and cultural life as well, many of which unwanted.If productivity measures the efficiency of an economy, a measure of what an economic system produces is its gross national product (GNP), which is the current market value of all final goods and services that a nation produces within a particular period.Current wisdom says that （当前流行的看法认为）if you want a successful product, you need first to perform detailed。

·第一篇：On Meeting the Celebrated 论见名人On Meeting the CelebratedI have always wondered at the passion many people have to meet the celebrated. The prestige you acquire by being able to tell your friends that you know famous men proves only that you are yourself of small account. The celebrated develop a technique to deal with the persons they come across. They show the world a mask, often an impressive on, but take care to conceal their real selves. They play the part that is expected from them, and with practice learn to play it very well, but you are stupid if you think that this public performance of theirs corresponds with the man within.I have been attached, deeply attached, to a few people; but I have been interested in men in general not for their own sakes, but for the sake of my work. I have not, as Kant enjoined, regarded each man as an end in himself, but as material that might be useful to me as a writer. I have been more concerned with the obscure than with the famous. They are more often themselves. They have had no need to create a figure to protect themselves from the world or to impress it. Their idiosyncrasies have had more chance to develop in the limited circle of their activity, and since they have never been in thepublic eye it has never occurred to them that they have anything to conceal. They display their oddities because it has never struck them that they are odd. And after all it is with the common run of men that we writers have to deal; kings, dictators, commercial magnates are from our point of view very unsatisfactory. To write about them is a venture that has often tempted writers, but the failure that has attended their efforts shows that such beings are too exceptional to form a proper ground for a work of art. They cannot be made real. The ordinary is the writer’s richer field. Its unexpectedness, its singularity, its infinite variety afford unending material. The great man is too often all of a piece; it is the little man that is a bundle of contradictory elements. He is inexhaustible. You never come to the end of the surprises he has in store for you. For my part I would much sooner spend a month on a desert island with a veterinary surgeon than with a prime minister.·第二篇：The 50-Percent Theory of Life 生活理论半对半The 50-Percent Theory of LifeI believe in the 50-percent theory. Half the time things are better than normal; the other half, they re worse. I believe life is a pendulum swing. It takes time and experience to understand what normal is, and that gives me the perspective to deal with thesurprises of the future.Let’s benchmark the parameters: yes, I will die. I’ve dealt with the deaths of both parents, a best friend, a beloved boss and cherished pets. Some of these deaths have been violent, before my eyes, or slow and agonizing. Bad stuff, and it belongs at the bottom of the scale.Then there are those high points: romance and marriage to the right person; having a child and doing those Dad things like coaching my son’s baseball team, paddling around the creek in the boat while he’s swimming with the dogs, discovering his compassion so deep it manifests even in his kindness to snails, his imagination so vivid he builds a spaceship from a scattered pile of Legos.But there is a vast meadow of life in the middle, where the bad and the good flip-flop acrobatically. This is what convinces me to believe in the 50-percent theory.One spring I planted corn too early in a bottomland so flood-prone that neighbors laughed. I felt chagrined at the wastedeffort. Summer turned brutal---the worst heat wave and drought in my lifetime. The air-conditioned died; the well went dry; the marriage ended; the job lost; the money gone. I was living lyrics from a country tune---music I loathed. Only a surging Kansas City Royals team buoyed my spirits.Looking back on that horrible summer, I soon understood that all succeeding good things merely offset the bad. Worse than normal wouldn’t last long. I am owed and savor the halcyon times. The reinvigorate me for the next nasty surprise and offer assurance that can thrive. The 50-percent theory even helps me see hope beyond my Royals’ recent slump, a field of struggling rookies sown so that some year soon we can reap an October harvest.For that on blistering summer, the ground moisture was just right, planting early allowed pollination before heat withered the tops, and the lack of rain spared the standing corn from floods. That winter my crib overflowed with corn---fat, healthy three-to-a-stalk ears filled with kernels from heel to tip---while my neighbors’ fields yielded only brown, empty husks.Although plantings past may have fallen below the 50-percentexpectation, and they probably will again in the future, I am still sustained by the crop that flourishes during the drought.·第三篇：What is Your Recovery Rate? 你的恢复速率是多少？What is Your Recovery Rate?What is your recovery rate? How long does it take you to recover from actions and behaviors that upset you? Minutes? Hours? Days? Weeks? The longer it takes you to recover, the more influence that incident has on your actions, and the less able you are to perform to your personal best. In a nutshell, the longer it takes you to recover, the weaker you are and the poorer your performance.You are well aware that you need to exercise to keep the body fit and, no doubt, accept that a reasonable measure of health is the speed in which your heart and respiratory system recovers after exercise. Likewise the faster you let go of an issue that upsets you, the faster you return to an equilibrium, the healthier you will be. The best example of this behavior is found with professional sportspeople. They know that the faster they can forget an incident or missd opportunity and get on with the game, the better their performance. In fact, most measure the time it takes them toovercome and forget an incident in a game and most reckon a recovery rate of 30 seconds is too long!Imagine yourself to be an actor in a play on the stage. Your aim is to play your part to the best of your ability. You have been given a script and at the end of each sentence is a ful stop. Each time you get to the end of the sentence you start a new one and although the next sentence is related to the last it is not affected by it. Your job is to deliver each sentence to the best of your ability.Don’t live your life in the past! Learn to live in the present, to overcome the past. Stop the past from influencing your daily life. Don’t allow thoughts of the past to reduce your personal best. Stop the past from interfering with your life. Learn to recover quickly.Remember: Rome wasn’t built in a day. Reflect on your recovery rate each day. Every day before you go to bed, look at your progress. Don’t lie in bed saying to you, “I did that wrong.”“I should have done better there.”No. look at your day and note when you made an effort to place a full stop after an incident. This is a success. You are taking control of your life. Remember this is a step by step process. This is not a make-over. You are undertaking realchange here. Your aim: reduce the time spent in recovery.The way forward?Live in the present. Not in the precedent.·第四篇：Clear Your Mental Space 清理心灵的空间Clear Your Mental SpaceThink about the last time you felt a negative emotion---like stress, anger, or frustration. What was going through your mind as you were going through that negativity? Was your mind cluttered with thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think?The next time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel angry or frustrated, stop. Yes, that’s right, stop. Whatever you’re doing, stop and sit for one minute. While you’re sitting there, completely immerse yourself in the negative emotion.Allow that emotion to consume you. Allow yourself one minute to truly feel that emotion. Don’t cheat yourself here. Take the entireminute---but only one minute---to do nothing else but feel that emotion.When the minute is over, ask yourself, “Am I wiling to keep holding on to this negative emotion as I go through the rest of the day?”Once you’ve allowed yourself to be totally immersed in the emotion and really fell it, you will be surprised to find that the emotion clears rather quickly.If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK. Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion.When you feel you’ve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if you’re willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day. If not, take a deep breath. As you exhale, release all that negativity with your breath.This exercise seems simple---almost too simple. But, it is very effective. By allowing that negative emotion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it downand trying not to feel it. You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs. When you immerse yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task.Try it. Next time you’re in the middle of a negative emotion, give yourself the space to feel the emotion and see what happens. Keep a piece of paper with you that says the following:Stop. Immerse for one minute. Do I want to keep this negativity? Breath deep, exhale, release. Move on!This will remind you of the steps to the process. Remember; take the time you need to really immerse yourself in the emotion. Then, when you feel you’ve felt it enough, release it---really let go of it. You will be surprised at how quickly you can move on from a negative situation and get to what you really want to do!·第五篇：Be Happy 快乐Be Happy!“The days that make us happy make us wise.”----John Masefieldwhen I first read this line by England’s Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the opposite was true. But his sober assurance was arresting. I could not forget it.Finally, I seemed to grasp his meaning and realized that here was a profound observation. The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear.Active happiness---not mere satisfaction or contentment ---often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has accompanied it. The grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the shortcomings of your friends are more understandable and more forgivable. Happiness is like a pair of eyeglasses correcting your spiritual vision.Nor are the insights of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your emotional woes, your vision is cut short as though by a wall. Happy, the wallcrumbles.The long vista is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you----people, thoughts, emotions, pressures---are now fitted into the larger scene. Everything assumes a fairer proportion. And here is the beginning of wisdom.11. Choosing an OccupationEvery one faces the problem of choosing an occupation after graduation from college or university, which plays a vital role in his life. An appropriate occupation makes a man work with zest(热情） and vigor, as well as contribute to his country.To make a wise choice, two important things should be taken into consideration. One is the interest, the other, the demands of people and society. Only if the two aspects are connected, can a man show his talent and ability to the best advantage. If the two conflict, the former should be under the latter, for the people's interests are more important than the individual's.In regard to my choice in the future, I am fond of learningforeign languages; what is more, with the implementation of the Open-Door Policy, exchange between home and abroad in economy and culture has been growing significantly, thus I'm determined to be a qualified interpreter.12. The Brain and the ComputerSome recent developments in the computer industry make scientists predict that the gap between human beings and machines will be closed about the year 20000.To understand the significance of this prediction let us compare the human brain with existing computers. The brain consumes electrical energy at the rate of 25 watts and occupies a volume of one tenth of a cubic foot. The brain houses between 10 billion and 100 billion items of information. Every brain cell is directly connected to many other cells. As a result, the cells in which information is stored can communicate with thousands of other cells. However, the computer consumes 1000,000 watts of electrical power and occupies hundreds of cubic feet of space. Its million items of immediately accessible information. In contrast, the computer memory is like a cell of pigeonholes, with no thinking capacity and noconnections elsewhere.In a word, the electronic brains are hopelessly inadequate in comparison with the human brains.13. Health and LifeAs the saying goes, you don’t know what happiness is until you lose it’ you don’t know what health is until you are ill. “Health is of vital importance to life” sounds like a cliche to everyone, but it is absolutely true.The negligence of the delicate balance of your body and soul, the harmful habits such as smoking, excessive drinking and burning mid-night oil will catch up with you someday. How many big plans are interrupted by bad health! Even a normal life is unimaginable without the guarantee of health. How to keep fit is an eternal topic of diversity and controversy. Regardless of all the different suggestions poured from all kinds of sources, one should do at least two things for him/herself. First, hold an active and optimistic attitude toward life and maintain a mental well-being. Second, live a regular life and keep a balanced diet. Anyway, a healthy life is within reach when you begin to adjust your mind and body.14. Energy ResourcesChina is rich in various energy resources. Coal and petroleum, for instance, are two major ones. They are essential in developing the country's industry, science and technology. China has done a great deal in the past few decades to raise its output of coal and petroleum. Three energy resources are being used up rapidly, With the building of four modernization, new industrial and science projects are springing up like bamboo shoots after rain. They are all big consumers of energy resources. Besides there has been considerable waste in the utilization of these resources.To avoid an energy crisis in the future, the government must take certain measures. First, it should let people know the importance of saving energy. Second, efforts should be made to develop new energy resources, such as solar energy, geothermal(地热） energy and so on. We have reason to be optimistic in this respect.15. CompetitionCompetition makes people original and creative. It verynecessary to compete if human society wants to advance. (Even animals compete for survival.) Without it, we would become lazy and nobody would rake any responsibility. When three monks live together, there will be no drinking water. This Chinese proverb vividly describes why China's productivity was so low before Mr Deng came to power. At that time, we had the so-called planned economy. There was no competition at all. So neither farmers nor workers worked hard. China was on the edge of collapse. Competition can stimulate people to try their best to do anything. For example, in 100-meter race, each sportsman runs as quickly as possible, trying to win the champion. The same things happen in our society and in our daily life. If a company wants to surpass others, it must compete with them. It must raise its efficiency. All the companies doing this will no doubt benefit the whole society and the whole human race.Being a student, I must compete with other students in our studies. I must study hard in all the fields so that I can be a useful man when I enter the society after graduation.16.Students’ Part-time jobsThere are many advantages for a student to have a part time job. For instance, it helps him to realize that no success comes from nothing. It enables him to be independent and builds up his self-confidence. Therefore, part-time jobs can get the students out of the ivory tower and give them the opportunity to know more of himself and of his personal value in society.As everything has two sides, the disadvantages can’t be ignored. Part-time jobs cut into students’ study time; some even become so preoccupied with making money that they ca ‘t focus their attention on studying. In the end, the students may fall behind or fail in their studies.In my opinion, students can choose to take up a job according to their own situation. The most important thing is for him to keep a good balance, put his study on top of the list and assign an adequate amount of time to it.17.Wealth and HappinessEverybody wants to get wealth. In today’s material world, making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort,pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money, they can but nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood; with money, they can own stately luxury cars. Wealth seems with money, they can own stately luxury cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.In my opinion, people cannot do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will and to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word, you should have money spent for more people, only then can money be the source of your happiness.18.IdealsEveryone has his ideals. A businessman wishes to make greater profit; a farmer expects bumper harvests; a student tries to learn more and better. And everyone strives, with more or less effort, to realize his ideal.One should be sensible about whether his ideal is wellfounded or not. If it is, one has to plan and work hard for its realization. Effort, skill and persistence are all necessary. And very often, one has to get help from others, including advice and support in one form or another. My ideal is to become a doctor, It is said that the field of medicine is a well-paid profession, but I take it as a lofty profession entrusted with saving people’s lives. To realize my ideal I have concentrated on laboratory work to develop the analytical skills necessary to become a qualified doctor. I am sure I will realize my ideal if I persevere in this pursuit.19.Popular Sports in ChinaSports are flourishing in china now. More and more people are willing to take part in sports of different kinds, such as table-tennis, football, volleyball, and so on. Every year there are many matches played on the city, provincial or national level. Sports are no longer limited to a few professional players.Early in the morning people may be seen doing exercise. Martial arts (like Chinese boxing or swordplay) which formerly were cultivated for self-defense, now havebecome a form of physical exercise and are practiced in parks, streets, gardens, or on campuses. In addition young and old people are also often seen running in order to build up their bodies.China promotes sports to enhance the physical condition of its people; she is formulating policies to provide encouragement of this activity. She awards prizes to the excellent players for the best records both in china and the world. In the world the Chinese have become a strong people inste ad of “the weaklings of East Asia”.。