参考题型

2024年安全培训考试题附参考答案（黄金题型）单位:_______ 姓名:_______ 时间:_______ 分数:______ 满分:100一、单选题（28题每题1分，共28分）1.发生火灾时( )。

A.不能随便开启门窗B.只能开门C.只能开窗2.报废设备的零部件有利用价值的，应做好回收利用并进行（）。

A.注册B.备案C.登记3.以下( )发球物理性危害因素。

A.生产粉尘B.噪声C.真菌4.关于生产经营单位提取和使用安全生产费用，正确的说法是( )。

A.所有生产经营单位都应当提取安全生产费用B.生产经营单位能够根据本单位状况，自行决定是否提取安全生产费用C.全生产工作经费较为充足，或者安全生产状况较好的生产经营单位，能够不提取安全生产费用D.有关生产经营单位应当按照国家有关规定提取和使用安全生产费用5.下列哪项不是安全生产责任制度的内容( )A.安全要求B.安全教育C.安全管理程序D.明确、具体的安全责任6.从业人员有权对本单位安全生产工作中存在的问题提出批评、（）、控告；有权拒绝违章指挥和强令冒险作业。

A.起诉B.检举C.仲裁7.在工业生产中，呼吸道最易接触毒物，特别是刺激性毒物，一旦吸入，轻者引起呼吸道炎症，重者发生化学性肺炎或肺水肿，通过呼吸道的重要影响因素是毒物在空气中的( )。

A.形式B.浓度C.时间8.可以用水扑灭的火灾是下列哪种物质?( )A.油类起火B.酒精起火C.电器起火D.棉被起火9.依据《安全生产法》的规定，国家对严重危及生产安全的工艺、设备实施( )制度。

A.登记B.审批C.淘汰10.焊条的直径及焊接的位置相同时，酸性焊条的焊接电流( )。

A.等于B.大于C.小于11.下列关于安全生产工作方针的表述，最准确的是( ）。

A.以人为本、安全第一、预防为主B.安全第一、预防为主、政府监管C.安全第一、预防为主、综合治理D.安全第一、预防为主、群防群治12.设备采购按照集团《》相关要求进行购置。

Simulated Test 4Part I Dialogue Completion (15 points)Directions: There are 15short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. Michael: Hi, mom. I’d like you to meet my girlfriend, Susan Lee. Susan, this is my mother. Susan: How do you do, Mrs. Miller.Mother: How do you do, Susan. I’m glad you can join us. _______.A) Take is easyB) Please feel naturalC) Make yourself at homeD) Feel all right here2. Jimmy: Could I have dinner now, Mummy?Mother: Ok, Jimmy. Go upstairs and tell Daddy that everybody’s here. Then come help me________.A) set the tableB) arrange the tableC) place the tableD) fix the table and chairs3.Mary (after work): Shall I punch out for you, Juliet? I’m leaving now.Juliet: _______. I’ve to work overtime.A) Yes, thanksB) No, not necessaryC) No, thanksD) I don’t care4. Alice: Ted asked me to go to the beach this weekend. What’s your plan?Laura: I’ve to work overtime. Sometimes I envy you a lot. Ted is a good guy.Alice: _______.You just haven’t met the right person. And I think yo u work too much. You should learn how to entertain yourself and enjoy your life.A) Come onB) OKC) Well doneD) Fly the way5. Nurse: Do you have any designated doctor?Patient: Yes, Dr. Hurt, Cliff Hurt.Nurse: Here is your registration card. Dr Hurt is at clinic No.6. _______.A) You may stay here and wait for your rightB) You can sit over there and wait for your turnC) You may stand in line here and wait for your arrangementD) You may sit here and wait for your order6. Stephen: I want to send this package parcel post, registered.Clerk: ________Stephen: Yes, please, for sixty dollar.A) Do you want it guaranteedB) Do you want it insuredC) Do you want it preservedD) Do you want it ensured7. Roger: Hi, Frank.Frank: Hi, Roger. The party is really nice, isn’t it?Roger: ______. Lots of food and drinks!A) It is realB) It sure isC) It is certainD) It must be8. George: ______Ann: Well, its a great dance all right, but I’v e been to quite a few parties lately and fed up with them.A) Don’t you play happilyB) Don’t you stay here pleasantlyC) aren’t you fond of yourselfD) aren’t you enjoying yourself9.Bill: Here, Cindy! I’d like you to meet my best partner, Daniel. (To Daniel) This is Cindy, mygirlfriend.Cindy: Hi, Daniel. _________Daniel: Mostly good things I hope.A) How do you do?B) You look handsome.C) Bill tells me you’re a good guy.D) Dill talks about you a lot.10. Jack: I’d like a haircut, please.Barber: Would you care for a shave and a shampoo as well?Jack: ______. A haircut will be just fine.A) Yes, pleaseB) No, thanksC) Its very kind of youD) I’m glad you can think of it11. School secretary: Good morning. Can I help you?Student: Yes, I’d like to enroll for the course.School secretary: _________A) Thank you very muchB) Nice to see you hereC) Certainly. What’s your name please?D) Sorry. Can I see your passport please?12. Doctor: ________Patient: I’m much better, my stomach problem is gone. Now I just feel hungry.A) Do you have anything to declare, sirB) Good morning, May I help youC) How are you feeling todayD) That seems to be the problem13. Robert: I’d like you to meet my new neighbor, Tom.Mary: Hello, Tom. It’s nice to meet you.Tom: _______.A) How is the baby?B) Hello Mary ! I haven’t seen you for a ges.C) Hi, Mary! I’ve heard so much about you.D) Hi, Mary! Welcome to China14. Shop-assistant: May I help you, sir?Customer: ________.A) Mind your own businessB) I’m just looking. ThanksC) Sorry. I don’t need your help, thank youD) If you want to help me, I’ll be glad to accept it15. Colleague A: Cigarette?Colleague B: No thank you. I’ve given up smoking. Haven’t had one since last month.Colleague A: _______A) Well, you don’t mind if I have one, do you?B) Ok. Go ahead and do itC) All right. Take careD) Sorry, have another one thenPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension（40 points）Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following passage:Ludwig van Beethoven was born on December 16, 1770, in Bonn, Germany. His father, who was a singer, was his first teacher. After a while, even though he was still only a boy, Ludwig became a traveling performer, and soon he was supporting his family. In his early twenties Beethoven moved to Vienna, where he spent the rest of his life and died on March 26, 1827 Beethoven was one of the first composers to make a living without being employed by the church or a member of the nobility. At first, he was known as a brilliant pianist, but when he was around 30 years old Beethoven began going deaf. Even though he could no longer hear well enough to play the piano, Beethoven composed some of his best music after he lost his hearing!When he could no longer hide his handicap (残疾), Beethoven used notebooks in which visitors could write what they wanted him to know, or equally ask what they wanted to know.Here is an extract from his letter to his friend:“... For two years I have avoided almost all social gatherings because it is impossible for me to say to people ‘I am deaf’. If I belonged to any other profession it would be easier, but in my profession it is a frightful state..”Beethoven is considered one of the greatest musical geniuses who ever lived. He may be most famous for his nine symphonies, but he also wrote many other kinds of music: chamber andchoral pieces, piano works, string quartets, and an opera.16．Beethoven became a great success because ______.A) he took much pains to learn music when he was very youngB) his father taught him music when was a childC) he became a traveling performer when he was still a boyD) he was grown up in Bonn, where people loved music17. In Beethoven’s time most musicians made a living by performing for ______.A) the public B) the rich C) the poor D) the music fans18. By “he could no longer hide his handicap”, the author means ______.A) Beethoven pretended to be deafB) Beethoven recovered his hearingC) his deafness was well known to the publicD) his deafness couldn’t be cured19. How did Beethoven communicate with other people when he was deaf?A) He used music. B) He used body language.C) He just wrote letters. D) He used notebooks20. In the extract from his letter, we can know that ______.A) Beethoven tried every means not to talk to the other peopleB) Beethoven felt at ease to be deaf when communicating with other peopleC) Beethoven thought that a poor hearing doesn’t influence a good musicianD) Beethoven wanted to change his profession after he became deafQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:The standardized educational or psychological tests, which are widely used to aid in selecting, assigning or promoting students, employees and military personnel, have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress (国会). The target is wrong, for, in attacking the tests, critics divert (转移) attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user.All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance. How well the predictions will be validated (验证) by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error.Standardized tests should be considered in this context: they provide a quick, objective method of getting some kind of information about what a person has learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. The information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and shortcomings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the empirical evidenceconcerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.In general, the tests work most effectively when the traits or qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined ( for example, ability to do well in a particular course of training program ) and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined, for example, personality or creativity. Properly used, they provide a rapid means of getting comparable information about many people. Sometimes they identify students whose high potential has not been previously recognized.21. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with _________.A) the necessity of standardized testsB) the validity of standardized testsC) the method used in interpreting the results of standardized testsD) the theoretical grounds of standardized tests22. We can infer from the passage that _______.A) standardized tests should no longer be used.B) results of standardized tests accurately reflect the abilities of the testeesC) the value of standardized tests lies in their proper interpretationD) special methods must be applied to the result of standardized tests.23. The word “empirical”(Line 6, Para.3) most probably means“__________”A) theoretical B) critical C) indisputable D) experiential24. According to the passage, standardized tests work most effectively when ____________.A) the user knows how to interpret the results in advance.B) the objectives are most clearly defined.C) the persons who take the test are intelligent or skillful.D) they measure the traits or qualities of the tests25. T he author’s attitude toward standardized tests could be described as _______.A) positive B) critical C) prejudiced D) indifferent.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed (约束) among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of many services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged,the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller sho uld be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.26. Which do you think might be the best title for this passage?A) The Complexity of Price System B) The Function of PriceC) How to Make a Price D) Price and Price System27. According to the passage, the price system has close relationship with .A) products and services B) transportation and insuranceC) labour and education D) utilities and repairs28. Which one of the following should be considered in understanding the price?A) The quantity of sellers. B) The promise of the seller.C) The details of the product.D) The credit terms and discounts.29. The word “they” in the last sentence of the passage refers to .A) buyers and sellers B) delivery and credit termsC) return privileges D) guarantees on the product30. The next paragraph will most probably discuss .A) unusual ways to evaluate prices of productsB) types of payment plans for product and serviceC) theories about how products affect different levels of societyD) how certain elements of the total “package” influence the priceQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by t he “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important –and that has happened in some cases – we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism” –but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit – nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义）has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent （相关的，切题的）not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.31. According to the passage, the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is __________.A) fundamental to a sound democracyB) not pertinent to healthy family lifeC) irrelevant to the healthy democracyD) what we have almost given up32. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that __________.A) the role of the father may become less importantB)the role of the mother may become unimportantC)the children will grow up believing life is a battle of sexesD)constant arguing may happen in the family33. The author states that bringing up children __________.A) is mainly the mother’s jobB) belongs among the duties of the fatherC) is the job of schools and churchesD) involves a partnership of equals34. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is __________.A) minor because he is an ineffectual parentB) irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC) pertinent to the healthy development of the childD) identical to the role of the child’s mother35. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A) A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D) A woman’s place in the home is the same as a man.Part II Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes thesentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.36. By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ________ here for two days.A) have been staying B) have stayed C) shall stay D)) will have stayed37. The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _________ all practicalvalue by the time they were finished.A) had lost B) would lose C) would have lost D) should have lost38 As a public relations officer, he is said ________ some very influential people.A) to have been knowing B) to be knowingC) to have known D) to know39. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people ________.A) have objected B) objected C) must object D) will object40. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert _________ it means standing in a queue allnight.A) provided B) whatever C) even if D) as if41. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recogniz ed her ________ I saw her.A) for the moment B) the moment when C) at the moment when D) the moment42. The computer works very fast, _________ data at the speed of light.A) having handled B) handling C) handled D) handles43. “Doesn’t he kno w that it is not ________?” “Yes, he does.”A) truth B) some truth C) the truth D) any truth44. That tree looked as if it _________ for a long time.A) hasn’t watered B) didn’t waterC) hadn’t been watered D) wasn’t watered45. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters arethe main situations _________ formal language is used.A) in which B) on which C) in that D) at what46. Don’t forget to walk the dog while I am away, ________.A) can you B) shall you C) do you D) will you47. It is a pity that we should stay at home when we have ________ weather.A) so fine B) such a fine C) such fine D) so fine a48. Mr. Smith advised us to withdraw ________.A) so that to get not involved B) so as to get not involvedC) so as not to get involved D) so that not to get involved49. ________ in a seemingly endless war, the general was forced to evaluate the situation a-gain.A) Since the loss of 50,000 soldiers B) Because of 50,000 soldiers having lostC) Having lost over 50,000 soldiers D) 50,000 soldiers were lost50. ________ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.A) Had it not been B) It were not C) Weren’t it D) Had not it been51. The minister had his secretaries ___________ a press conference.A) arrange B) to arrange C) arranging D) arranged52. It’s necessary _________ the dictionary immediately.A) that he will return B) that he returnedC) that he return D) that he has to return53. The older New England villages have changed relatively little _______ a gas station or two inrecent decades.A) except B) besides C) in addition to D) except for54. ___________we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A) For now B) Now that C) Ever since D) By now55. All the tasks ________ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.A) had been fulfilled B) were fulfilledC) having been fulfilled D) been fulfilled56. Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the universityto take in _______.A) residents B) inhabitants C) lodgers D) settlers57. Purchasing the new production line will be a ________ deal for the company.A) profitable B) tremendous C) forceful D) favourite58.The last time we had a family reunion was ________ my brother’s wedding ceremony fouryears ago.A) in B) at C) during D) over59. Franklin’s ability to learn from o bservations and experience ________ greatly to his success inpublic life.A) contributed B) owed C) attached D) related60. This article _________ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreignlanguage teaching and learning.A) calls for B) applies for C) cares for D) allows for61. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ________ it.A) got off B) got across C) got away D) got over62. Will all those ________ the proposal raise their hands?A) in relation to B) in contrast to C) in excess of D) in favor of63. It is not difficult to ________ the idea that machines may communicate information to us.A) admit B) receive C) accept D) convince64. Jane was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ________.A) mindless B) unaware C) brainless D) unconscious65. The socks were too small and it was only by ________ them that he managed to get them on.A) spreading B) extending C) lengthening D) stretching66. Language can be defined as a tool by which human beings ________ with one another.A) associate B) connect C) communicate D) correspond67. I don’t kno w why he ________ in the middle of a sentence.A) broke off B) broke out C) broke through D) broke away68. There were beautiful clothes ________ in the shop windows.A) spread B) displayed C) exposed D) located69. None of the servants were ________ when Mr. Smith wanted to send a message.A) available B) attainable C) approachable D) applicable70. We object ________ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.A) against B) about C) to D) or71. The man to whom we handed the forms pointed out that they had not been ________ filled in.A) consequently B) regularly C) comprehensively D) properly72. I shall have companion in the house after all these ________ years.A) single B) sole C) alone D) lonely73. I can ________ some noise while I’m studying, but I can’t stand loud noises.A) come up with B) catch up with C) put up with D) keep up with74.When the whole area was ________ by the flood, the government sent food there byhelicopter.A) cut away B) cut down C) cut up D) cut off75.He went ahead ________ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A) in case of B) because of C) regardless of D) prior toPart Ⅳ Cloze （10 points）Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONEthat best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.When I was a child, I lived with my mother, my father having been away to work in the town.I was then not _76_ nine years old, lonely and expectant, _77_ for things which I knew little about.I walked out alone one morning along the mountain tops _78_ my home stood. The sun had not yet risen, and the air _79_ rain of the night and the mountain grass was heavy _80_ tiny drops of water. As I looked back, I could see the marks my feet _81_ on the long grassy slope behind me. I walked till I came to a place _82_ a little stream ran into the deep valley below. Here it passed between soft, _83_ banks; at one place a large slice of earth had fallen away from the bank on the other side, and it had made a little island a few feet wide with water_84_ all round it. It was covered with a weed with yellow flowers and long waving grasses. I sat down on the bank _85_ a short pine tree. All the plants on the island were dark with the heavy raindrops of the night, and the sun had not yet risen.76. A) yet B) however C) but D) nevertheless77. A) sending B) longing C) standing D) making78. A) in which B) at which C) from which D) on which79. A) melt B) felt C) smelt D) sensed80. A) for B) with C) on D) upon81. A) have made B) has made C) had made D) having made82. A) where B) that C) which D) what83. A) worldly B) hardening C) worthy D) earthen84. A) drifting B) flowing C) blowing D) floating85. A) at the top of B) on the part of C) at the foot of D) on the ground ofPart V WritingDirections: Directions:In this part you are asked to write a composition on the topic: Private Cars in China. You may write your composition according to the followingoutline.1．现在越来越多的中国家庭拥有私家车。

湖南高考数学题型湖南高考数学题型多样，从基础的计算题到应用题都有涉及。

下面是一些常见的湖南高考数学题型以及相关参考内容：一、解方程与不等式1. 一元一次方程与一元一次不等式：内容包括基础的解法、应用题等。

2. 二次方程与二次不等式：内容包括求根公式、判别式、一元二次方程的解法等。

3. 绝对值方程与绝对值不等式：内容包括绝对值函数的性质、绝对值方程和不等式的解法等。

二、函数与图像1. 函数与方程：内容包括函数的定义、性质、方程与图像之间的关系等。

2. 直线与圆的方程：内容包括直线的斜率、截距、圆的标准方程和一般方程等。

3. 一次函数与二次函数：内容包括函数的定义、性质、图像和方程等。

4. 指数函数与对数函数：内容包括指数函数和对数函数的定义、性质、图像和方程等。

三、立体几何1. 空间几何体的计算：内容包括立体几何体的体积、表面积的计算等。

2. 空间向量与几何：内容包括向量的定义、性质、运算、空间几何的基本概念等。

四、概率论与数理统计1. 事件与概率：内容包括事件的概念、概率的性质、概率计算的方法等。

2. 随机变量与分布：内容包括随机变量的定义、分布的概念、特征值与分布的计算等。

3. 抽样与统计：内容包括样本空间、频率与事件的关系、统计量等。

五、导数与微分1. 函数的导数与微分：内容包括导数的定义、性质、导数计算的方法、微分近似计算等。

2. 函数的图像与性质：内容包括导数与函数图像的关系、函数的变化趋势、极值与凹凸性等。

以上仅是常见的湖南高考数学题型和相关参考内容的概述，实际考试中还会涉及到组合数学、数列与数列、平面几何等更多的知识点。

为了更好地备考，建议学生们广泛阅读教材，多做相关习题，加强对数学知识的理解与应用。

同时，也可以参考一些高考数学辅导书籍或网上的模拟试题，以提高解题能力和应试技巧。

仅供了解考试题型，勿浪费时间于此！填空题1 误差是指______________与真值之差，这同时也是______________的定义。

2相对误差定义为______________与真值之比。

3 按照误差的性质和特点分，误差可分为__________误差、_________误差和__________误差。

4 测量值与______________之差称为残余误差。

5 对一个包含若干次测量的测量列，测量结果的表示为______________加上______________的形式。

6 极限误差表现为____________的若干倍，这一“若干”的具体值称为该极限误差的_____________。

7 在测量次数较少时，应该按照_______分布来计算算术平均值的极限误差。

8 不等精度测量中，各个测量组的权由各组测量的______________决定。

9 单凭一组测量数据无法发现的系统误差属于__________的系统误差。

10 3σ准则判别粗大误差只有在__________________才比较准确。

11 如图所示，相当于误差大而误差小，即精密度高，准确度低。

判断题1 误差是针对真值而言的，真值一般都是指约定真值。

2 用绝对误差不便于比较不同量值、不同单位、不同物理量等的准确度。

3 引用误差是一种相对误差，而且该相对误差是引用了特定值，即标称范围上限（或量程）得到的，故该误差又称为引用相对误差、满度误差。

4 直尺的刻度值误差属于系统误差。

5 在近似数做加减运算时，各运算数据以小数位数最少的数据位数为准，其余各数据可多取一位小数，但最后结果应与小数位数最少的数据小数位相同。

简答题1. 检定一只2.5级、量程为100V的电压表，发现在50V处误差最大，其值为2V，而其他刻度处的误差均小于2V ，问这只电压表是否合格？2. 对一级钢卷尺的长度进行了三组不等精度测量，其结果为mmmm x mm mm x mmmm x x x x 10.0,60.200020.0,15.200005.0,45.2000321321======δδδ求各测量结果的权。

高考小说阅读常考九大题型汇编必备知识梳理【小说要素】小说是以刻画人物形象为中心，通过完整的故事情节和环境描写来反映社会生活的文学体裁。

人物、情节、环境是小说的三要素，反映社会生活是小说的主题。

鲜明的人物形象（小说的核心）完整的故事情节（小说的骨架）典型的环境描写（小说的依托）深刻的主题意蕴（小说的灵魂）精妙的写作技巧（小说的手段）【何为小说的“真实”】尽管小说设定的具体环境是虚构的，但这个环境依然是我们或历史的、或现实的真实反映。

尽管小说叙述的情节是虚构的，但这些虚构的情节是符合事理逻辑的，具有真实性。

尽管小说塑造的人物形象是虚构的，但这些虚构的人物形象都是对现实生活中的人物形象的真实写照，具有真实性。

最后，小说的情感是真实的，小说表现的主题是真实的。

所以说，尽管小说是虚构性的文学体裁，但小说同样具有真实性。

小说的真实是艺术性的真实，小说是虚构与真实相统一的一种文体。

《高速公路上的森林》有人说，这篇小说在荒诞中藏着真实。

请从“荒诞”和“真实”两个角度结合作品简要分析。

(6分) 【参考答案】（1）荒诞：情节荒诞。

如小米开尔误把广告招牌当作森林，(马可瓦多知道了小米开尔拆的是广告牌还要学习小米开尔的做法，)警察阿斯托弗把广告牌上的假人当成真人、把锯广告牌的马可瓦多当成假人等情节，都是违背现实的，带有明显的荒诞性。

环境荒诞。

小说环境是对现实生活的夸张变形。

如现实生活中，城市里不可能没有树木，上学的小孩也不可能没有见过树木，而作品中的小米开尔却连树和广告牌都分不清，是对现实生活环境进行夸张变形的荒诞笔法。

(1点2分，2点3分)（2）真实：塑造的人物真实。

马可瓦多和家人都是当时社会生话中底层人物的代表，真实可信。

情节设计符合逻辑，具有艺术真实性。

如介绍小米开尔“从一出生就住在城市里，从来没看过森林。

超然客公众号连从远处看的经验也没有”，使后面他把广告牌当成树林的情节显得合理可信；叙述阿斯托弗的近视及他不戴眼镜的原因，为下文阿斯托弗没看见蜷缩着的马可瓦多这一情节的展开埋下伏笔。

红色为笔记分解一、单项选择：（390题）1、食品生产经营者食品安全信用档案记录的信息包括（ D ）。

A.企业基本信息B.监督管理信息C.社会监督信息D.以上都是2、我国已制订了小麦、玉米及其制品中限量标准的镰刀菌毒素是（ A ）A.伏马菌素B.T-2毒素C.雪腐镰刀菌烯醇D.脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇3、以下哪种消毒方法勇于不锈钢餐盘的效果最佳（C ）A.酒精消毒B.含氯制剂消毒C.蒸汽消毒4、发生下列哪级食品安全事故时，市级人民政府启动III级响应（C ）A．特别重大食品安全事故I级B．重大食品安全事故（II级）C．较大食品安全事故D一般食品安全事故（IV级）5、实施日常检查，如果违反关键项的，应当即作出如下处理结论___D__。

A.作出“符合要求”的结论（没有违反任何检查项目的）B.列明所违反项的序号，作出“限××日内整改。

逾期不改正的，餐饮服务监管部门将依法作出处理”的意见（违反一般项）C.列明所违反项的序号，作出“涉嫌违反××，限××日内整改。

逾期不改正的，餐饮服务监管部门将依法作出处理”的意见（违反重点项）D.列明所违反项的序号，作出“涉嫌违反××，等待进一步处理”的意见6、除了食品安全法律、食品安全法规外，下列哪项也属于食品安争法律法规体系( D ) A．食品安全规章B．食品安全标准C．其他规范性文件D．以上都是7、辐照对下列哪项基本不起作用（ D ）A.微生物B.寄生虫C.害虫D.朊病毒8、辐照不可用于食品的（A）A.加热B.杀菌C.杀虫D.抑芽9、下列哪种方法不属于牛奶的消毒方法()A．巴氏消毒法B．60C0γ射线辐照C．超高温瞬间灭菌法D．蒸汽消毒法10、.我国已经形成了综合性食品安全法律法规体系，它的特点是（ D ）A．以《中华人民共和国食品安全法》为核心B．以其他专门法律为支撑C．与产品质量、检验检疫等法律法规相衔接D．以上都是11、烹调场所天花板离地面宜在（ C ）m以上。

临床抗菌药物考试题一一、单选题（60题，每题1分）1、诊断为（）感染者，方有指征应用抗菌药物A、细菌B、病毒C、寄生虫D、以上都对2、清洁手术下列哪种情况不考虑预防使用抗菌药物（）A 手术范围大，时间长，污染机会增加B 手术涉及重要脏器，一旦发生感染易造成严重后果者C 人工关节置换手术D 术野为无菌部位，局部无炎症，无损伤，无污染，且不涉及人体与外界相通的器官3、心血管、头颈、胸腹壁、四肢软组织手术和骨科手术等经皮肤的手术，通常选择针对（）的抗菌药物预防感染A革兰氏阴性杆菌B金黄色葡萄球菌C厌氧菌D支原体4、结肠、直肠和盆腔手术，应选用针对（）的抗菌药物预防感染A革兰阴性菌和脆弱拟杆菌B金黄色葡萄球菌C支原体D衣原体5、头孢菌素过敏者，预防围手术期感染，针对革兰氏阳性菌可选用（）A美洛西林B氨曲南C左氧氟沙星D克林霉素6、头孢菌素过敏者，预防围手术期感染，针对革兰氏阴性杆菌可选用（）A左氧氟沙星B哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠C磺苄西林D氨曲南、磷霉素、氨基糖苷类7、预防围手术期感染首次静脉输注抗菌药物应在（），在输注完毕后开始手术，保证手术部位暴露时局部组织中抗菌药物已达到足以杀灭手术过程中沾染细菌的药物浓度。

A皮肤、黏膜切开前0.5～1小时内或麻醉开始时给药B皮肤、黏膜切开前1～2小时内或麻醉开始时给药C术前0.5～2小时内给药或麻醉开始时给药D术前1～2小时内给药或麻醉开始时给药8、清洁手术的预防用药时间不超过（），心脏手术可视情况延长至（）A 24小时B 48小时C 72小时D 96小时9、清洁-污染手术和污染手术的预防用药时间不超过（），污染手术必要时延长至（）A 24小时B 48小时C 72小时D 96小时10、预防围手术期感染抗菌药物品种选择，有循证医学证据的第一代头孢菌素主要为（），第二代头孢菌素主要为（）A头孢唑林B头孢硫脒C头孢甲肟D头孢呋辛11、特殊使用级抗菌药物描述错误的是（）A临床应用特殊使用级抗菌药物应当严格掌握用药指征B特殊使用级抗菌药物需要经抗菌药物管理工作机构指定的专业技术人员会诊C特殊使用级抗菌药物需要中级专业技术职务任职资格的医师开具处方D特殊使用级抗菌药物不得在门诊使用12、抗菌药物疗程因感染不同而异，一般宜用至体温正常、症状消退后（），有局部病灶者需用药至感染灶控制或完全消散。

甲 乙丙 L 1L 2欧姆定律类型题精选电阻是导体本身的一种性质，与导体和材料、长度、横截面积和温度有关，与电压、电流无关1．一根导体两端加电压为2V 时，通过的电流正好是0.1A ，则导体的电阻是__________Ω。

如果这根导体两端加的电压变为4伏特时，则导体的电阻为 Ω U —I 图象与I —R 图象2．下图中甲、乙是用伏安法分别测定两个不同电阻R 甲、R 乙所得出的电流与电压的关系图线，请判断两电阻的大小 （ ）A 、R 甲＞R 乙B 、R 甲＜R 乙C 、R 甲＝R 乙D 、条件不足，无法比较3．如图所示电路，电源电压不变，滑动变阻器上标有“2A 20 ”字样。

以下四个图像中，能正确表示当开关S 闭合后，通过小灯泡L 的电流I 与滑动变阻器连入电路的电阻R 的关系的是（ ）认清电压表测量的对象4．如图所示，电源电压保持不变， R 1＝7Ω，R 2＝8Ω，S 闭合，电压表的示数为4V ，则电源电压为（ ） A 、2.5V B 、7.5V C 、14V D 、3.5V 填上适当的电流表和电压表 5．在图所示的电路中，甲、乙、丙是3个电表，闭合开关S ，灯L 1、L 2串联，电路中 是电流表， 是电压表。

当L 1、L 2并联是时， 是电流表， 是电压表。

比例题6．如图所示的电路，电流表A 1与电流表A 2的指针偏转角度相同，则两个电阻R 1与R 2之比是（ ）A ．1:5B ．5:1C ．1:4D ．4:1简单的并联计算7．如图12所示，电源电压保持不变，电阻R 1＝30Ω，电流表A 1的示数为0.4A ，A 2的示数为0.8A ，求电源电压和R 2的阻值各为多少？ 简单的串联计算8．灯泡L 1和L 2串联在电路中，加在它们两端的总电压为12V ，L 1电阻是8Ω，L 2两端的电压是4V ，则L 1中的电流是多少A 。

照顾弱者 9．两个定值电阻，甲标有“16Ω 1.5A”，乙标有“22Ω 0.5A”。

语文十大题型语文是学生在学习过程中需要掌握的基础学科之一，它涉及阅读理解、作文写作、诗词鉴赏等方面的内容。

在语文学习的过程中，学生需要面对各种不同的题型，以提高自己的语文能力。

下面是常见的十大语文题型及相关的参考内容。

一、阅读理解题阅读理解是考查学生对文章理解和分析能力的一种题型。

在此种题型中，学生需要通过阅读文章并回答相关问题，来检验自己对文章的理解能力。

解答此类题目需要学生具有较强的阅读能力和语言表达能力。

参考内容：学生在解答阅读理解题时，可以通过以下几个方面的内容来提高自己的解题能力：1. 提高阅读理解能力：多读一些文章，注重理解文章的主旨、核心观点和细节等。

2. 强化语言分析能力：注意文章中的词语搭配、修辞手法、句子结构等，分析文章的语言特点。

3. 练习解题技巧：掌握常见的解题技巧，如细节理解、推理判断、逻辑分析等。

二、完形填空题完形填空是考查学生对语言综合运用能力的一种题型。

在此种题型中，学生需要根据给出的上下文语境，选择合适的词语或短语填入空白处，使文章语义完整、通顺。

参考内容：解答完形填空题时，学生可以通过以下几个方面的内容来提高自己的解题能力：1. 注意上下文连贯：理解文章的整体意义，从上下文语境中推测出合适的词语。

2. 根据逻辑关系选词：注意空格前后的逻辑关系，选择与其逻辑关系相一致的选项。

3. 扩大词汇量：丰富自己的词汇量，了解多种不同词语的用法和搭配，以便更好地选择合适的选项。

三、改错题改错题是考查学生对语言规范和错误分析能力的一种题型。

在此种题型中，学生需要在给出的句子中找出错误，并对错误进行改正。

参考内容：解答改错题时，学生可以通过以下几个方面的内容来提高自己的解题能力：1. 掌握语法知识：熟悉常见的语法用法和规则，了解常见的错误形式。

2. 注意语句结构：注意句子的结构、时态和语态等方面的错误。

3. 关注细节错误：注意句子中的单词拼写、标点符号和名词、动词、形容词等的用法错误。

全国旅游饭店服务技能大赛英语口语比赛参考题题型一中译英（一）中式铺床1.这是239房间，我想加一个枕头。

(This is room 1010; I would like to have one more pillow.)2.您可以在房间直拨国际长途。

（You can make IDD call in your room.）3.我们提供快洗服务，加收50%的额外费用。

（We have express service at a 50% extra charge.）4.对不起，请问有没有要洗的衣服？（Excuse me. Do you have any laundry?）5.好像电话有问题。

（It looks something wrong with the telephone.）6.2135房间的浴缸坏了，请派人来修理一下好吗？（The bath tub in room 2135 is out oforder/service, can you please send someone to repair/fix it?）7. 我想要一个转换插头。

（I would like to have an adaptor/ I need an adaptor..）8.这是8976房间，请送一个电熨斗。

（This is room 8976, can you send me an iron please.）9.我想要一个客房送餐服务。

（I would like to have a room service.）10.客房里有小冰箱。

（There is a mini bar in your room.）11.我的房间现在还没打扫过，已经12点了。

（My room hasn’t been made up yet. It’s already12:00.）12.请接受我代表酒店向您道歉。

(Please accept my apology on behalf of the hotel.)13.我房间的电视图象不清楚。