2、骨性胸廓 (Bones)
(1)肋骨(ribs)
后段圆厚,呈水 平方向向外走行,前 段扁薄,自外上向内 下斜行,1—10肋前端 与胸骨相连,软骨不 显影,25岁以后第一 肋软骨首先钙化。
肋骨前段间隙常 为肺部病变的定位标 志,后段常作为胸腔 积液的标志。
肋骨的常见变异有:
①颈 肋 从第7颈 椎发出; ②叉状肋 段呈叉状; 肋骨前
• Replaced by CT, and especially high resolution CT
Computed Tomography(CT)
• Advantage – Excellent anatomic detail (chest wall, pleura, lungs, mediastinum) – Contrast enhancement — great vessels • Indication – Staging lung cancer and other malignant tumors – Diffuse lung disease — high-resolution CT – Pleural disease – Mediastinal disease
(pectoralis major muscle)
肌肉发达的男性胸 片上表现为两侧肺野 中外带扇形均匀之阴 影下缘锐利,向胸廓 外与皮肤皱褶连续, 一般右侧较明显。
(4)乳头及女性乳 房(female breast and
nipple shadows)
Nipple在两下肺相 当于第5前肋间,可 见小圆形的致密影, 多见于女性。
Bronchography(支气管造影)
• Radiographic examination of the bronchial tree by instillation of contrast medium directly into the trachea or bronchi. • Evaluation of bronchiectasis