中考主谓一致专项
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主谓一致专项定义：主谓一致是指谓语动词须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
考点直击：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近原则（是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致，即通常情况下，谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定。
）（1）单数可数名词或代词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式; 复数名词或代词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
The desk is made of wood.She is an English teacher.No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
The students are playing football on the playground.They are my best friends.He goes to school every day.We go to school every day.（2）动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
To be polite is important for children.It is difficult for him to do that.To see is to believe. 眼见为实（3）动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Walking slowly is a good sport for the old.In my opinion, swimming is the best sport in summer.（4）and, both…and并列主语指两个人或物时谓语动词要用复数形式，但是，如果and并列主语指一个人或物时，即and后面的名词没有冠词时，谓语动词用单数形式。
She and I are both League members.Both my father and my mother are Party members.The bread and butter is good to taste.The chain and watch is gold.The writer and teacher has come.（5）and并列主语，而且名词前分别有each, every, no等修饰时谓语动词要用单数形式。
Every boy and every girl has right to receive education in the school.Each man and each woman has a gun.（6）主语是单数与as well as, with, along with, together with, more than, but,except, besides, like, including, but等连接其他名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
The woman with three children was standing over there.Mike as well as you two is very brave.No one except me knows anything about it.The fact, together with what I have heard, proves him wrong.Mike with his father has been to England.Nobody but two boys was late for class.（7）不定代词anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, anything, something, everything, nothing, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, neither, either, each 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Listen! Someone is knocking on the door.I am sure nobody knows about it.Neither of us has ever been abroad.Each of us has a book. ( = We each have a book.主语同位语)Either of the stories is interesting.Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。
（8）由clothes, trousers, scissors, jeans, shorts作主语时谓语动词要用复数。
如果这类词被pair修饰时, 谓语动词的单复数要由pair来决定。
Look! My trousers are so new.Where are the scissors?--How much are the shoes? --- Five dollars is enough.--How much is the pair of the shoes? -- Five dollars is enough.This pair of glasses is new.（9）a number of + 名词表示数量作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式，the number of +名词表示数字作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。
A number of students are playing on the playground.The number of students is twenty.（10）people, police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
The people in the city are very friendly.The police are searching for the thief.（11）定语从句中的主谓一致：1) 关系代词who / that / which在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词必须和先行词保持一致。
She is the girl who learns English well.Do you know the boys that learn English well?2) one of +复数名词+ who / that / which引导的定语从句，引导词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
(the only one of….从句谓语动词用单数)He is one of the boys who are never late for school.（主语形式上是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词要根据意义而采用复数形式；同样，主语形式上是复数，但意义是单数，那么谓语动词也要用单数形式。
）（1）表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数形式作主语，作为一个整体来看待时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Seven days is a good holiday.Ten dollars is enough for me to buy this book.Five kilometers is a long distance for an old walker.（2）数词作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式都可以。
Two plus two is(are) four.Five minus four equals(equal) one.Two times five makes(make) ten.（3）以-ics结尾的学科名词，如physics, mathematics, politics及news等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
Mathematics is one of the most difficult subjects for most students in our class.The news is very encouraging.Politics is very important to all of us.（4）书名、国名、报纸名等的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
The United States is a developed country.The Arabian Nights is a popular reading with the young people.（5）集体名词family, class, school, crowd, army, group, team等作主语时，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词就用单数形式，如果看作个体，谓语动词就用复数形式。
My family is not very big.My family are sitting at the breakfast table.Their group are discussing some questions.This group is having a meeting.（6）the+姓氏的复数形式表示全家人作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
The Smiths are talking about the strike before breakfast.The Zhangs are going to see a film after dinner.（7）the+形容词指一类人作主语，谓语动词用复数形式The poor are often looked down upon.The disabled are taken good care of here.The wounded is getting better and better day by day.（8）主语为a lot of, lots of, plenty of, half, some, any, all, most，rest等+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据中心名词来确定。
A lot of people are waiting for you in the meeting room.A lot of water is needed here.There is plenty of rain here in summer.There are plenty of apples for you all.Half of the work has been finished.The rest of the books are mine.（9）分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式要根据中心名词来确定。
As we all know, three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.Three-fourths of the students in our class are boys.（10）有些名词单复数形式相同如deer(鹿)、sheep(绵羊)、fish等，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是复数，取决于该名词所表示的数。
