《英语语法》大纲

小学英语语法知识大纲
单元
内容
备注
Unit 1名词
1.专有名词和普通名词
2.可数名词与不可数名词
3.名词所有格
Unit 2冠词
1.不定冠词
2.定冠词
Unit 3代词
1.人称代词
2.物主代词
3.反身代词
4.指示代词
5.ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ问代词
6.不定代词
Unit 4数词
1.基数词
2.序数词
3.数词的用法
Unit 5介词
3.由What引导的感叹句可与“How+形容词”的句型互换
Unit 16 There be结构
1.There be的肯定结构
2. There be的否定结构和疑问结构
3. There be的其他用法
Unit 17固定搭配和短语
1.句子的成分
2.简单句和并列句
3.并列句
Unit 12陈述句
1.陈述句的肯定式
2.陈述句的否定式
Unit 13疑问句
1.一般疑问句
2.特殊疑问句
3.选择疑问句
4.反意疑问句
Unit 14祈使句
1.祈使句的肯定结构
2.祈使句的否定结构
Unit 15感叹句
1.由What引导的感叹句
2.由how引导的感叹句
1.时间介词
2.空间介词
3.方式介词
4.其他介词
Unit 6形容词
形容词的位置
Unit 7副词
副词的位置和种类
Unit 8比较级和最高级
形容词和副词的比较级
Unit 9动词
1.动词的种类
2.动词的基本形式
Unit 10动词的时态

英语语法复习提纲一、选择题名词4E1.To the dinner party all her B.relations were invited.2.We do not do much C.business with him.3.The house built of A.youth was once used as a warehouse.4.Some D.youths were seen loafing in the street.5.The effort and expense needed for this projict bore ( C.no relation )6.This will please (C.the eye )7.Hainan province has ( B.too much summer )8.Please give ( D.ear to what he has to say )9.He was not ( A.man enough ) to admit his mistakes in public.10.There is ( mb)o n the menu today.11.He was ( A.too nuch of a coward )to tell the truth)12.The soup tastes of (D.onion)13. The play was produced before (rge audiences)all over the country.14.He is (B.more of a sportsma n)than his brother15.This action is (C.as nuch of a success) as I expected.16.That man is not (B.much of a scholar)17.That guy was (D.less of a fool ) than I thought.18.There is ( C.egg ) on your nose.19.He is ( A.something of a poet)20.The girl was a little of ( B.a coquette )限定词6A1.Why is the A. less traffic on the streeets in February than in May ?2.On account of the typhoon A. neither shipment will arrive this week.\3.They paid B.less money for the machine than I expected4.There are trees on D.each side of the street5.Have you got B.enough copies to go round?6. I saw C.lots of cars outside the building.7.There’s C.plenty of water in the bottle.8.I’d like C.a bit of paper.9.There are D.a few mistake in the paper.10.Do the have B.enough air-conditioners for cooling the rooms in summer ?11.Don’t worry about the seats.There are A.plenty of chairs in the room.12.There is C.less iron in this mine than in that one.13. A.Much work has to be done before the plant goes into operation.14.He wrote B.the mos t essays on Victorian novels in his class.15.The model worker had C.the least thought of his own interests.16.There must be D.less empty talk but move hard work.17.He has published B.a number of short stories in English.18.We had D.only several rainfalls last summer.19. B.Little care would have prevented the accident.\20.The students spent D.half their time working in the fields.限定词6C1.The additional work will take B.another five weeks.2.He did it in D.one-third the time it took me.3.I saw C.both the boys at the cinema.4. A.Half the Candidates are girls.5.He was on leave D.the last few days.6.B.His many friends usually speak highly of him.7.Please serve me D.some more soup.8. B.Some such alloy may be used to replace copper.9. Please send D.these five samples to London by air.10. Are you going to buy C.all this rice?11.They want at least B.double their salaries ?12. B.One such dictionary is enough for me.13. C.All such factors should be considered.14.A.The first few evenings he did enjoy himself immensely.15.C.Few such cases have been repotted.16.B,One-third that meat is tainted.17.D.All the other five boys were in the classroom.18.D.No such recommendation has so far been made by the technicians.19.They are not likely to agree to C.all other propositions.20.He has been staying at home C.all these last few days.二、填空7A1.The told me that the had 0 respect their employer.2.Benita enjoys wearing 0 jewelry.3.This is the first time that the child has seen an elephant.4.Her teacher was born in the town of Williamson.5.For many people , 0 childhood was a happy time.6.She said the stories he hold her were about the years he had worked in the country of Australia.7.It takes 0 courage to begin a new life in a strange country.8.Have you finished 0 chapter Eight of the novel that we are reading in our class this month.9.Can you lend me a pencil so that I can finished the test ?10.She is wearing the beautiful dress her mother bought her.11.I had 0 trouble with the car this morning.12. A healthy society can tolerate a lot of criticism.13. The cars in that garage belong to the girls who live next door.14.At home, Miles Davis will play the piano.15. 0 Man has just taken his first steps into 0 space.16.I love 0 Mountains, but I hate the sea.17.If you go buy 0 train , you can have quite a comfortable journey , but make sure that you get an express, not a train that stops at all the stations.18.Pater’s at the offices, but you could get him on the phone, There’s a telephone box just round the coorner.19.You can fool some of the people all the time, and all the people some of the time, but you can not fool all the people all the time.20.In a cold climate, we wear clothes made of0 wool or 0 fur. In 0 warm weather, we wear 0suits or 0 dresses made of0 lighter.例句：1.Parents of a teenage child often wonder where he or she went wrong.Parents of teenage children often wonder where they went wrong.2.when a customer calls, ask him or her to leave his or her phone number,’When a customer call , be sure to ask for a phone number.3.There’s a baby in the pram, why, it’s crying.Baby is crying in the pram, She must be hungry.4.In her lifetime, Catherine worked day and night without thinking of her personal comfort. The doctor will forever live in the hearts of her patients.5. A student at Barnard College has to do her own work.6.That book has lost its cover. I will put a new one on it tomorrow.7.Have you received my letter? It was posted a month ago.8.This machine works by itself.9.The sailors saw a ship in the distance, she was sailing toward the rocky island.10.The car needs some petrol. Let’s fill him up at the next filling station.11.Look at that bird, It always comes to my window.12.The cat leaped onto my bed and coiled herself there.13. The blackbird rushed away to the bush, where he remained perching for about a minute.14.The sun is shining in all his splendid beauty.15.Love begins playing his old tricks every spring.16.History has revised her verdict.17.The Autumn gave golden fruit to every garden, but to the giant’s garden she gave nothing.18.China is in East Asia. It is one of the largest countries in the world.19.In the last decade of the 20th,century, china began to assume her role as a world power.三、翻译中译英1、光比声走得快（sound）Light travels faster than sound.2、请安静，别让我听见一点声音（sound）Be quite, please. Don’t let me hear a sound.3、在书写英语时，每个词之后要留一个间隔（space）In writing Engish., after each word we leave a space.4、这只箱子占的地位太多了（space）This box occupies to much space.5、饱餐以后，你应该休息一会（rest）After a bit meal, you should take a rest.6、人人都需要吃、喝和休息（rest）Everybody needs food, drink and rest.7、他这样做是出于好意（kindness）He did it out of kindness.8、谢谢你。

初中英语语法重点汇总Ⅰ. 词法一、名词1、名词的种类❖专有名词❖普通名词✓可数名词个体名词、集体名词✓不可数名词物质名词、抽象名词2、名词的数❖可数名词的数✓单数✓复数➢规则变化●一般情况下词尾-s●以-s、-x、-ch、-sh等结尾的名词词尾-es●以辅音字母-y结尾的词，变y为i，-es●以元音字母-y结尾的词，直接词尾-s●以-f/-fe结尾的词，变f/fe为v，-es●以-o结尾的词，-s或-es➢不规则变化●单词中元音字母发生变化，如man-men，foot，feet●单数复数同形，如sheep-sheep，Chinese-Chinese●复合名词，只变主体名词部分，如boyfriend-boyfriends●其他，如child-children➢特殊情况●只用复数的名词●以-s结尾但并不是复数的名词●集体名词既可以复数，也可以单数●其他❖不可数名词的数✓不可数名词没有复数形式✓有些不可数名词表示具体事物时可数，但意义不同，如chicken，paper3、名词的计量❖可数名词的计量❖不可数名词的计量4、名词所有格❖-’s所有格❖of+名词所有格❖of+-’s 双重所有格❖被名词所有格修饰的名词的省略5、名词在句子中的作用作主语作表语作宾语作宾语补足语作定语作状语作同位语作称呼语二、代词1、人称代词2、物主代词3、反身代词4、相互代词有each other和one another等5、指示代词❖单数：this，that❖复数：these，those6、不定代词❖some和any❖many和much❖both和all❖neither和none❖either、each和every❖another、other(s)和the other(s)✓for another two weeks = for two more weeks ✓some...others...✓one...the other...✓the others = the other +复数❖(a) few和(a) little❖one(s)❖复合不定代词：some-，any-，no-，every-❖复数：these，those7、疑问代词❖指人✓主格：who✓宾格：whom✓所有格：whose❖指物what❖指人或物which8、连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 9、关系代词who，whom，whose，what，which三、数词1、常见表达法❖日期与时刻✓日期某月某年、某月某日、“月日，年”或“日月，年”✓时刻直接读数表示、用past或to表示❖年龄和年代✓年龄基数词✓年代in the+带有整十的年份的复数或-’s形式❖货币符号+基数词❖编号名词+基数词、the+序数词+名词❖ 小数分数百分数✓ 小数 如three point nine o/zero seven (3.907) ✓ 分数➢ 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时分母序数词后加-s ，如：one third (31)，two fifths (52)➢ 分子是2时，常用half ；分子是4时，常用quarter➢ 带分数用“基数词+and+分数”，如：one and two fifths (521)❖ 倍数✓ 倍数+比较级+ than ✓ 倍数+ as +原级+ as ✓ 倍数+ as many/much...+ as...✓ 倍数+ the size/weight/height/length/age...+of... ❖ 约数✓ 大约 about ，nearly ，almost ，some ，around 等 ✓ 超过 over 或more than ✓ 少于 less than ✓ 左右 or so ❖ 算式“+” 用plus 或and ；“-”用minus ；“×”用times 或multiplied by ；“÷”用divided by 2、数词的句法功能❖ 作主语 Twenty of them are from Chonqing. ❖ 作宾语 I like the third best. ❖ 作表语 He is twelve.❖ 作定语 Tom is the tallest of the three boys. ❖ 作状语 Where did you first meet him?❖作同位语We two will help you.3、数词的构成和用法❖基数词✓100以内基数词✓100以上基数词❖序数词✓1~3，4~19✓20~90整十位数✓21以上✓一百、一千、一百万四、介词1、介词的分类简单介词、合成介词、双重介词、短语介词2、介词的位置常规位置、其他位置3、介词短语❖构成介+名，介+代，介+数，介+动名，介+疑问词+不定式，介+从句❖作用作定语、作状语、作表语、作宾语补足语4、介词固定搭配介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词、介词与副词、介词与过去分词5、常见介词用法❖表示时间✓at，in，on✓since，for✓after，in✓by，until/til✓before，after✓from✓during❖表示地点、方位✓at，in，on，to✓on，over，above，under，below✓beside，by，near，nearby，next to，around ✓inside，outside✓into，onto，out of，off✓across，through，past，over，along，down ❖表示方式手段工具✓in，on，by✓in，by，with❖其他✓on，about✓except，except for，besides ✓between，among✓of✓like ✓with✓without ✓for✓as✓against五、冠词1、冠词的用法❖定冠词✓特指的✓谈话双方都知道的✓上文提到的✓独一无二的❖不定冠词✓一类中的任意一个✓第一次谈到✓一类人或物✓数量“一”✓每一，相当于every❖不用冠词✓已有定语✓不可数或复数表一类✓三餐、球类、学科2、冠词的位置❖定冠词❖不定冠词3、有无冠词的区别❖go to school 去上学/ go to the school 到学校去（不一定是学生）❖on earth 究竟/ on the earth 在地球上❖next year 明年/ the next year 第二年❖at table 在吃饭/ at the table 在桌子旁边❖by sea 乘船/ by the sea 在海边❖in bed（睡、病、躺）在床上/ in the bed （某物）在床上❖in class 在上课/ in the class 在班上❖in front of 在（……外部的）前面/ in the front of 在（……内部的）前面六、连词1、按形式简单连词、关联连词、短语连词2、按功能❖并列连词✓表并列and，both...and...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，as well as✓表转折but，while，yet✓表选择either...or...，or✓表因果so，for❖从属连词✓引导名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句✓引导状语从句时间状语、条件状语、原因状语、目的状语、让步状语、结果状语、地点状语、比较状语、方式状语七、副词1、副词的种类时间、地点、频度、方式、程度、疑问、关系、连接、其他2、副词的构成形容词+-ly，与形容词同形3、副词的句法功能作状语、作定语、作表语、作补足语4、副词在句中的位置时间地点、频度、方式、程度、疑问、关系和连接、地点、修饰句子5、副词的比较等级❖构成✓规则✓不规则❖用法6、副词与形容词比较作用不同、句中位置不同、谓语动词7、常见易混副词辨析❖too，either，also，as well ❖already，yet❖ago，before❖hard，hardly❖late，lately❖very，much，very much ❖too，very，quite❖just，just now❖such，so ❖nearly，almost❖fast，quickly，soon❖too much，much too❖how long，how often，how soon ❖farther，further❖sometimes，sometime❖no，not❖maybe，perhaps❖high，highly八、形容词1、形容词的种类性质形容词、叙述形容词2、形容词的构成❖本身就是形容词❖名词+后缀-y，-ful，-less，-ern，-ly，-n❖复合形容词数词+名词、形容词+名词-ed、形容词+动词-ing、名词+动词-ed、副词+动词-ed3、形容词的句法功能作定语、作表语、作宾语补足语、作状语、作主语或宾语4、形容词的位置❖前置或后置❖排序限定词+数量词+描绘性形容词（大小长短形状新旧颜色）+出处+材料+类别用途+名词5、形容词的比较等级❖构成✓规则变化➢long-longer-longest➢nice-nicer-nicest➢big-bigger-biggest➢easy-easier-easiest➢beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful✓不规则变化➢good/well-better-best➢bad/ill-worse-worst➢little-less-least➢many/much-more-most➢far-farther/further-farthest/furthest➢old-older/elder-oldest/eldest❖用法✓同级比较、同级比较特殊用法✓比较级、比较级特殊用法✓最高级、最高级特殊用法6、含有形容词的固定短语和句型❖固定短语at，about，for，in，of，to，with ❖常用句子✓It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.✓It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.✓sb. be + adj. + to do sth.7、常见易混形容词辨析❖good，fine，nice，well ❖alone，lonely❖interesting，interested ❖exciting，excited ❖ill，sick❖true，real❖huge，large，big，great ❖pleased，pleasant❖elder，older❖farther，further九、动词1、动词的基本形式动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、现在分词、过去分词、过去式2、动词的种类❖行为动词及物动词、不及物动词❖连系动词后跟表语❖助动词无意义，语法需要。

高考英语语法考试重点大纲解读对于即将参加高考的学子们来说，英语语法是英语学习中至关重要的一部分。

掌握高考英语语法的重点，不仅有助于在考试中取得优异成绩，更能为日后的英语学习打下坚实的基础。

接下来，让我们一起深入解读高考英语语法考试的重点大纲。

一、动词时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考英语语法中的核心考点。

时态主要包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时以及现在完成进行时。

一般现在时用于表示经常发生的动作、客观事实或真理。

例如：“The sun rises in the east” 一般过去时则用于描述过去发生的动作或状态。

比如：“I went to Beijing last year” 一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作，常见的表达有“will ＋动词原形”“be going to ＋动词原形”等。

现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，结构为“be ＋动词的现在分词”。

过去进行时强调过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。

例如：“I was reading a book at 8 o'cl ock last night” 将来进行时表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作。

现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。

其结构为“have/has ＋过去分词”。

过去完成时则以过去某个时间为基准，表示过去的过去所发生的动作。

语态方面，分为主动语态和被动语态。

被动语态的构成是“be ＋过去分词”，需要根据时态和主语的单复数来确定具体形式。

二、非谓语动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。

动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。

例如：“To learn English well is not easy” （作主语）“I want to go shopping” （作宾语）动名词具有名词的特征，可作主语、宾语、定语等。