成本与管理会计4
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成本管理会计第四版英文回答:Cost management accounting is a crucial aspect of financial management for businesses. It involves the identification, measurement, analysis, and interpretation of costs in order to make informed decisions and achieve organizational goals. There are several techniques andtools used in cost management accounting, such as cost-volume-profit analysis, activity-based costing, and variance analysis.One of the key objectives of cost management accounting is to control costs and ensure they are in line with the budget. This involves monitoring and analyzing actual costs against the budgeted costs, identifying any variances, and taking corrective actions if necessary. For example, if a company's actual costs are higher than the budgeted costs, cost management accounting can help identify the reasons behind the variance, such as increased material costs orinefficient production processes. By understanding the causes of the variance, the company can take appropriate actions to reduce costs and improve profitability.Another important aspect of cost management accounting is decision-making. Cost management accountants provide valuable information and analysis to support management in making decisions related to pricing, product mix, and resource allocation. For instance, cost management accounting can help determine the most profitable product mix by analyzing the costs and revenues associated with different products. This information can then be used to make informed decisions on which products to focus on and which to discontinue.Cost management accounting also plays a role in performance evaluation and incentive systems. By measuring and analyzing costs, companies can assess the performance of different departments or individuals and provide incentives accordingly. For example, a sales team may be rewarded based on their ability to achieve sales targets while keeping costs within a certain range. Cost managementaccounting provides the necessary information to evaluate performance and design effective incentive systems.In summary, cost management accounting is a criticaltool for businesses to control costs, make informed decisions, and evaluate performance. It involves various techniques and tools to identify, measure, analyze, and interpret costs. By utilizing cost management accounting effectively, companies can improve profitability, optimize resource allocation, and achieve their financial goals.中文回答:成本管理会计是企业财务管理的重要组成部分。
小测验(单项选择题)1.本量利分析是分析()在产品的销量、售价和单位变动成本或固定成本变动时的性态以及它们之间的关系。
A.总收入和总成本B.总收入、总成本和营业利润C.总收入、总成本、营业利润和现金流D.总收入2.本量利分析中的保本点销售量在数值上等于()。
A. 固定成本除以总收入B. 固定成本除以单位贡献毛益C. 收入减变动成本D. 总收入除以变动成本3.对于经营杠杆较低的公司,下列说法正确的是()。
A.固定成本高,变动成本低B.销量的变动幅度大于净利润的变动幅度C.亏损的可能性比高杠杆公司更大D.相对于高杠杆公司经营风险较低4.下列关于固定成本的说法中,正确的是()。
A.长期来看可以视为变动成本B.会降低经营杠杆C.会降低亏损的风险D.在图表中是一条斜线5.如果产品组合中各产品销售比例发生变化,则()。
A.净利润不会改变B.保本点会变化C.每种产品的单位贡献毛益会上升D.每种产品的单位贡献毛益会下降6. 生产单一品种产品的企业,保本销售额等于()。
A.保本销售量×单位利润B.固定成本总额/贡献毛益率C.固定成本总额/(单价一单位变动成本)D.固定成本总额/单位贡献毛益7.从本量利分析图上可知,对单一产品分析时,()。
A.单位变动成本越大,总成本线斜率越大,保本点越高B.单位变动成本越大,总成本线斜率越小,保本点越高C.单位变动成本越小,总成本线斜率越小,保本点越高D.单位变动成本越小,总成本线斜率越大,保本点越低8.产品的单价与单位变动成本上升的百分率相同,其他条件不变,则保本销售量()。
A.上升B.下降C.不变D.不确定9.运动器材公司威尔公司只生产一种篮球,单价60元,单位变动生产成本40元,单位销售管理费用5元,销量为50000件,则其产品贡献毛益为()元。
A.650000B.750000C.850000D.95000010.艾马妮公司生产钱包,单价40元,固定成本为40000元,变动成本占销售单价的75%,在预计销量为5000件时,艾马妮公司的安全边际是()元。
《管理会计》第四章成本管理1. 成本管理,是指企业在营运过程中实施成本预测、成本决策、成本计划、成本控制、成本核算、成本分析和成本考核等一系列管理活动的总称。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错2. 成本会计的对象是企业营运过程中各种耗费。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错3. 企业日常运营良好的企业不需要进行成本管理。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)4. 企业应根据其内外部环境选择适合的成本管理工具方法。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错5. 当企业的产品具有成熟的买方市场,且产品的设计、质量、价值等呈现明显的多样化特征时,适合使用目标成本法这个成本管理工具。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错6. 价值工程以最高成本实现某种产品或作业应具备的必要功能,使产品或作业达到最佳价值。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)7. 目标成本是指为实现利润或价格竞争优势而应控制的水平上限。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错8. 财务部门人员只要工作能力强,认真、负责,就能独立完成目标成本法在企业日常管理中的运用。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)9. 目标成本的计算是从确定可容许成本开始的。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错10. 各种类型的企业的成本管理都可以使用目标成本法。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)11. 目标成本法,要求从产品生产阶段开始,通过各部门、各环节乃至与供应商的通力合作,共同实现目标成本的成本管理方法。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)12. 市场容许成本,是指目标售价减去目标利润之后的余额。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错13. 成本差异的分析是采用标准成本制度前提和关键。
[判断题] *错(正确答案)14. 材料数量差异控制的重点是材料采购环节。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)15. 正常标准成本与现实标准成本不同的是,它需要根据现实情况的变化而不断进行修改,而现实标准成本则可以保持较长一段时间固定不变。