2013年上海海事大学英语考研真题

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2013年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(重要提示:答案必须做在答题纸上,做在试题上不给分)考试科目:英语(第二外语)Part I Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked(A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. If you want to find information about graduate programs of the university, please look in_________ of the College Blue Books.(A) the volume three (C) volume third(B) volume three (D) third volume2. John came to work at the company twenty years __________ today.(A) from (B) since (C) before (D) ago3. The team really looks good this evening because the coach had them _________ every night this week.(A) practice (B) practiced (C) the practice (D) to practice4. I’d ________ the operation unless it is absolutely nec essary.(A) rather not have (C) rather not having(B) rather not to have (D) not rather had5. It was __________ that they went camping in the mountains last weekend.(A) so nice a weather (C) nice weather so(B) such nice weather (D) too nice weather6. Something must be done immediately if endangered species ___________ saved.(A) be (B) can be (C) will be (D) are to be7. If you still don’t have an answer from the University of Washington, why __________ call the admissionsoffice?(A) not to (B) don’t(C) not (D) you don’t8. The customer was offended by the shop assistant’s __________ remark.(A) musty (B) nasty (C) tasty (D) misty9. The food at the picnic attracted a __________ of bees.(A) pack (B) flock (C) swarm (D) herd10. Regular use of this cream will help to __________ the rough and dry condition of your skin.(A) relieve (B) abstract (C) evaporate (D) abbreviate11. Giving children ___________ to do around the house teaches them responsibility and givesthem a sense of having contributed to the family.(A) chores (B) choirs (C) cheers (D) charms12. Many common ___________ may be treated at home without a doctor’s supervision.(A) resentments (B) blandishments (C) segments (D) ailments13. Some psychologists insist that a child’s behavior should be _________ by imposing a system of rewards,whereas others believe that punishment is also necessary.(A) dignified (B) satisfied (C) modified (D) beautified14. If we hadn’t had a eat, the garage would have been _________ with mice.(A) inflamed (B) inhibited (C) inhabited (D) inflated15. This year the company has ___________ almost twice as many cars as it did last year.(A) turned in (B) turned out (C) turned down (D) turned to16. A simple rule for losing weight is to ___________ the number of calories that one consumes daily.(A) cut back on (B) cut out on (C) cut down on (D) cut off on17. After a long lunch hour, business ___________ as usual.(A) delays (B) resumes (C) responds (D) investigates18. The author wrote with great __________, not missing a single detail.(A) simplicity (B) vacuity (C) curiosity (D) clarity19. That magnificent __________ temple was constructed by the Chinese.(A) eight-centuries-old (C) eight-century’s-old(B) eight-century-old (D) eight-old-century20. While in Europe on vacation, the Smiths __________ the countryside on their bikes.(A) roamed (B) rustled (C) rocked (D) rolled21. An unsuccessful attempt was made to ___________ the yacht and its contents.(A) submerge (B) salvage (C) sink (D) surface22. The students were given __________ passes for the new film.(A) complimentary (B) supplementary (C) complementary (D) satisfactory23. LyLy was so ___________ in his novel that she forgot about her dinner cooking in the oven.(A) enlivened (B) engrossed (C) enlightened (D) enlisted24. If you continue to be absent from classes, we will have to ____________ your parents.(A) modify (B) horrify (C) sanify (D) notify25. It is more difficult to __________ money now because the rate of inflation is so high.(A) lay about (B) lay along (C) lay across (D) lay aside26. Would you please _________ these invitations to the students in your class?(A) hand out (B) hand over (C) hand back (D) hand in27. I only have time to tell you the __________ of the issue, not the details.(A) fist (B) twist (C) gist (D) list28. Poor nutrition in the early stages of infancy can __________ adult growth.(A) restore (B) resist (C) reject (D) retard29. In some countries, when someone has an accident while driving a friend’s car, both the driverand the owner of the car share the __________.(A) shame (B) blame (C) fame (D) game30. My pictures __________ until next week.(A) won’t be developed(C) won’t develop(B) don’t develop(D) aren’t developingPart II Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked. (A), (B), (C) and (D). You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Rumor is the most primitive way of spreading stories—by passing them on from mouth to mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better sources of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and confusion, however, rumor emerges and becomes widespread. At such times the different kinds of news are in competition: the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine.Especially do rumors spread when war requires censorship on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer give out enough information. Since the people cannot learn through legitimate channels all that they are anxious to learn, they pick up “news” wherever they can and when this happens, rumor thrives.Rumors are often repeated even by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is that the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims —the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to voice directly. Pessimisticrumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are worried and anxious. Optimistic rumors about record production or peace soon point to complacency or confidence—and often to overconfidence.31. The author suggests that, in times of stress, man frequently ____________.(A) reverts to primitive techniques(B) becomes more closemouthed(C) stops regular news services(D) distrusts his fellow man32. The author states that during wartime the regular sources of news present only __________.(A) optimistic reports(B) pessimistic reports(C) false information(D) limited information33. The word “fascination” in Paragraph 3 probably means __________.(A) a very interesting story(B) a very reasonable argument(C) a very strong attraction(D) a very clear demonstration34. According to the passage, people who repeat a rumor as truth want to do so because they________.(A) are impressed with the antiquity of this method of spreading news(B) are naturally gullible(C) are pessimistic by nature(D) find that the rumor reflects their own unexpressed beliefs35. The author suggests that rumors usually ____________.(A) alarm their hearers(B) are hardy in their growth(C) are disheartening(D) can be suppressed by censorshipQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:We should also know that “greed” has little to do with the environmental crisis. The two main causes are population pressures, especially the pressures of large metropolitan populations, and the desire —a highly commendable one -- to bring a decent living at the lowest possible cost to the largest possible number of people.The environmental crisis is the result of success —success in cutting down the mortality of infants (which has given us the population explosion), success in raising farm output sufficiently to prevent mass famine (which has given us contamination by pesticides and chemical fertilizers), success in getting people outof the tenements of the 19th-century city and into the greenery and privacy of the single-family home in the suburbs (which has given us urban sprawl and traffic jams). The environmental crisis, in other words, is largely the result of doing too much of the right sort of thing.To overcome the problems that success always creates, one must build on it. But where to start? Cleaning up the environment requires determined, sustained effort with clear targets and deadlines. It requires, above all, concentration of effort. Up to now we have tried to do a little bit of everything -- and tried to do it in the headlines — when what we ought to do first is draw up a list of priorities.36. This passage assumes the desirability of ___________.(A) using atomic energy to conserve fuel(B) living in comfortable family lifestyles(C) settling disputes peacefully(D) having greater government involvement in people’s daily lives37. The passage indicates that the conditions that led to overcrowded roads also brought about_________.(A) more attractive living conditions for many people(B) a healthier younger generation(C) greater occupational opportunities(D) the population explosion38. According to this passage, one early step in any effort to improve the environment would be to___________.(A) return to the exclusive use of natural fertilizers(B) put a high tax on profiteering industries(C) ban the use of automobiles in and around cities(D) set up a timetable for corrective actions39. It could logically be assumed that the author of this passage would support legislation to____________.(A) ban the use of all pesticides(B) prevent the use of automobiles in the cities(C) build additional conventional power plants immediately(D) organize an agency to coordinate efforts to cope with environmental problems40. The author’s attitude towards the current situation of the environmental crisis is _________.(A) suspicious (B) critical (C) neutral (D) positiveQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Accreditation is a system for setting national standards of quality in education. The United States is unique in the world because its accreditation system is not administered by the government, but rather by committees of educators and private agencies like the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools and the Society of Engineers.Before registering to study in any educational institution in the United States, a student should makecertain that the institution is accredited in order to assure that the school has a recognized standard of organization, instruction, and financial support. Foreign students should be particularly careful to check an institution’s accreditation because other governments or future employers may not recognize a degree earned from a school that has not received accreditation.If a college is accredited, catalogues and brochures will usually indicate the accreditation status. If you are not sure about a certain school, don’t hesitate to check its reputation with an education officer at the nearest U.S. Embassy.41. The word “u nique” in line 2 most nearly means _________.(A) unusual (B) first (C) standard (D) large42. From this passage, it may be concluded that an unaccredited school _________.(A) does not offer a degree(B) may close because of financial disorganization(C) is administered by the government(D) is better than an accredited school43. From this passage, an accredited school is one that _________.(A) has an excellent organization and staff(B) has a nice reputation(C) has an officially desired quality or standard(D) has a good source of enrolment44. What should students do in order to check the accreditation of a school that may interestthem?(A) Write to the school.(B) Write to the U.S. Ministry of Education.(C) Register to study at the school.(D) Consult a U.S. Embassy official.45. The title that best expresses the ideas in this passage is __________.(A) Studying in the United States(B) Accreditation(C) How to Find the Best School(D) The Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary SchoolsQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:England’s highest main-line railway station hangs on to life by a thread: deserted and unmanned since it was officially closed in 1970. Dent, situated high in the hills of Yorkshire, wakes up on six summer weekends each year, when a special charter (租,包) unloads walkers, sightseers and people who simply want to catch a train from the highest station, on to its platform.But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end. Dent station is situated on the Settle to Carlisle railway line, said to be the most scenic in the country. But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from British Rail’s cash problems. This year, for the sake of economy, the express trains which used topass through Dent station have been put on to another route.It is now an open secret that British Rail sees no future for this railway line. Most of its trains disappeared some time ago. Its bridge, built on the grand scale a century ago, is falling down. It is not alone. Half-a-dozen railway routes in the north of England are facing a similar threat. The problem is a worn-out system and an almost total lack of cash to repair it. Bridges and tunnels are showing their age, the wooden supports for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old.On major lines between larger cities, the problem is not too bad. These lines still make a profit and cash can be found to maintain them. But on the country branch lines, the story is different. As track wears out, it is not replaced. Instead, speed limits are introduced, making journeys longer than necessary and discouraging customers.46. What does the author probably mean by “England’s highest main-line railway station hangs onto life by a thread”?(A) Dent Station is in great danger.(B) Dent Station is facing a lot of financial and managing problems.(C) Dent Station is to close down anytime.(D) The location of Dent Station forms threat to people visiting there.47. How often is Dent Station used?(A) Once a week, for two days. (B) Several days a year.(C) Once several years. (D) Several times a week.48. The main cause for the future close-down of the Station is ____________.(A) totally a financial problem (B) a mechanical problem(C) because of its worn-out system (D) a matter of safety49. Which of the following is true according to the passage?(A) As a result of money problems, trains which used to pass Dent station have to becanceled.(B) Dent Station was said to be the most beautiful station in the country.(C) Sightseers can still go to visit Dent.(D) The railway system is so old that the government has to look for fund to repair it.50. What do you think is the tone of this article?(A) Disapproving. (B) Worried. (C) Regretted. (D) Optimistic.Part III Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked (A),(B), (C) and (D). You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then markthe corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the center.Memory, they say, is a 1 of practice 1. (A) means (B) way(C) matter (D) phenomenon and exercise. If you have the desire, and if youreally 2 a conscious effort, then you can quite 2. (A) do (B) make(C) perform (D) tryeasily improve your ability to remember things.3 even if you are successful, there are times 3. (A) Therefore (B) Whereas(C) Although (D) But4 your memory seems to5 you. 4. (A) when (B) that(C) which (D) where5. (A) make fun with(B) play tricks on(C) have interest in(D) take advantage ofSometimes you remember things 6 really 6. (A) / (B) which(C) that (D) in thatdid not happen. 7 morning last week, for 7. (A) In the (B) Early(C) A (D) One example, I got up and found that I had left thefront door 8 all night, yet I distinctly 8. (A) unlocked (B) locked(C) unlocking (D) locking remembered locking it carefully the night before.And 9 time, a few nights ago. I put on my 9. (A) next (B) again(C) another (D) other overcoat and found a letter I had written10 in one of my pockets. I had obviously 10. (A) put (B) worn out(C) lay (D) torn apart not mailed it, and yet I remembered 11 that 11. (A) rather well (B) as well(C) quite good (D) quite wellI had. I even remembered the exact circumstances.Memory tricks work the other way as well.12 you remember not doing something, and 12. (A) Once in a while(B) All of a sudden(C) Always(D) Presentlythen find out you 13 . One day last month, 13. (A) do (B) had done(C) did (D) have done I was sitting in a barber shop 14 my turn 14. (A) to wait for (B) wait for(C) waited for (D) waiting for to get a hair cut, and 15 I realized that I had 15. (A) anxiously (B) worriedly(C) suddenly (D) hopefully got a hair cut two days before at the barber shop16 the street from my office. 16. (A) on (B) across(C) in (D) alongWe always seem to find 17 in incidents 17. (A) surprise (B) horror(C) humour (D) sorrowinvolving people’s forgetfulness or absent-mindedness. Unfortunately, 18 , absent- 18. (A) however (B) but(C) and (D) yetmindedness is not 19 laughable. There are 19. (A) often (B) sometimes(C) frequent (D) alwaystimes when tricks of our memory can causeus 20 embarrassment and inconvenience. 20. (A) little (B) small(C) great (D) largePart IV E-C Passage Translation (10%)Directions: In this part, there is a short passage in English. You are kindly asked to translate the passage into Chinese.Long known as “the Pearl of the East”, Hong Kong is a beautiful port city with worldwide reputation. It has a history of more than 150 years in port building and the Port of Hong Kong has now become one of the world-class ports. The Victoria Harbor is the largest as well as the most important one among the Port’s current 15 port areas. Located between the Kowloon Peninsula and the Hong Kong Island, it covers an area of about 41.88 square kilometers. This deep-water harbor, with its unique natural advantages, can allow large ocean-goers to berth, thus becoming an important gateway for Hong Kong. The Victoria Harbor, having played a pivotal role in helping Hong Kong become an international metropolis, has long impacted the development of the city’s history and culture while acting as a guiding force in the development of city’s economy and tourist industry.Part V C-E Sentence Translation (10%)Directions: In this part, there are five sentences in Chinese. You are kindly asked to translate them into English.1.他疑惑不解的表情表明他没有理解这对美国夫妇的意思。