英译汉第三次翻译练习—参考译文

Unit11.We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here,that we would never get a chance li ke this again,and we became determined not to waste it.Most important of course were the fina l exams in April and May in the following year.No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in c lass,so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong.Libraries which were once empty after f ive o’clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning,and guys wo re the bags under their eyes and their pale,sleepy faces with pride,like medals proving their dilig ence.我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。

当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。

我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。

以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。

2Tomorrow?It’s all a lie;there isn’t a tomorrow.There’s only a promissory note that we are often not ina position to cash.It doesn’t even exist.When you wake up in the morning it’ll be today again and allthe same rules will apply.Tomorrow is just another version of now,an empty field that will remai n sounless we start planting some seeds.Your time,which is ticking away as we speak(at about60se condsa minute chronologically;a bit faster if you don’t invest your time wisely),will be gone and you’llhave nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of“could haves”,“should h aves”and“would haves”.明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。

练习1 美国印象☐我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂——从一般角度来说，也许我对这个国家所知甚少。

我说不出它的经度或纬度；我算不出它出产谷物的价值；我对它的政治也不十分熟悉。

这些东西可能不会使你感兴趣，它们当然也不会让我感兴趣。

☐在美国上岸后得到的第一个深刻印象，就是美国人可能算不上世界上穿得最漂亮的，但却是穿得最舒服的。

那里看得到男人头戴着不堪入目的烟囱式高顶礼帽，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；还看到穿着难看至极的燕尾服的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。

美国人的穿戴显得舒适，这和在我国常可以看到的人们衣衫褴褛的情形形成了鲜明的对比。

☐我特别注意到的第二个特点是，似乎每个人都在急着赶火车。

这种情形对诗歌和浪漫爱情是不利的。

要是罗密欧和朱丽叶老是为乘火车而担心，或是在为返城车票而烦恼，莎士比亚就不可能写出那几幕如此富有诗意与伤感情调的阳台戏了。

☐美国是世界上最嘈杂的国家。

在早晨，不是夜莺的歌声，而是汽笛的呜叫把人们唤醒。

美国人讲求实际的头脑这么健全，却没有想到要降低这种令人难以忍受的噪音，真叫人吃惊。

所有艺术都依赖于精细微妙的敏锐感觉，这样持续不断的喧嚣，最终一定会损害人的音乐天赋。

☐美国城市没有牛津、剑桥、索尔兹伯里和温彻斯特那么美丽，那些地方有优雅时代的美好遗迹；虽然不时还是可以看到许多美的东西，但只能在美国人没有存心创造美的地方。

在美国人有意创造美的地方，他们显然没有成功。

美国人的突出特点，便是他们把科学应用于现代生活的那种态度。

☐在纽约走马观花地一走，这一点就一目了然了。

在英国人们常把发明家视作狂人，发明带来的是失望与穷困的例子简直不胜枚举。

在美国发明家受到尊重，他随时可以得到人们的帮助。

在那里心灵手巧、把科技应用于人类的劳动，是致富的捷径。

没有一个国家比美国更爱机器的了。

☐或许，值得指出的是，被许多人指为美国式英语的其实是老的英国式表达，它们在我国已经消失，却在我们的殖民地里留存下来。

许多人以为美国人常说的“I guess”（“我猜”）纯粹是一种美国式表达，但约翰∙洛克在他的The understanding (《理解论》）中就用过这种说法，就像我们现在使用“I think”（“我想”）一样。

英语笔译三级参考答案一、翻译理论基础1. 翻译的定义：翻译是将一种语言的文本转换成另一种语言的过程，同时保持原文的意义和风格。

2. 翻译的标准：忠实性、通顺性和可读性是翻译的三个基本标准。

3. 翻译的类型：直译和意译是两种基本的翻译方法，直译注重字面意义的转换，意译注重整体意义的传达。

4. 翻译的过程：翻译通常包括理解、转换和表达三个阶段。

二、翻译技巧1. 词汇层面的翻译技巧：包括同义词替换、反义词使用、词汇的增减等。

2. 句子结构的翻译技巧：包括调整语序、合并或拆分句子等。

3. 语篇层面的翻译技巧：包括保持原文的连贯性、逻辑性和文体特征。

4. 文化差异的处理：注意文化背景的差异，适当进行文化适应性调整。

三、实际翻译练习练习一：英译汉原文：The novel, with its intricate plot and well-drawn characters, has captivated readers for generations.参考译文：这部小说以其错综复杂的情节和栩栩如生的人物，吸引了几代读者。

练习二：汉译英原文：随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。

参考译文：With the advancement of technology, people's lifestyles have undergone earth-shattering changes.四、翻译实践段落翻译原文：In the heart of the city, there stands an ancienttemple that has witnessed the rise and fall of dynasties. Its walls are adorned with intricate carvings that tell storiesof the past.参考译文：在城市的中心，矗立着一座古老的寺庙，它见证了朝代的兴衰。

2020年翻译资格英语三级笔译实务英译汉真题和部分参考译文英译汉注：真题由两篇文章拼接而成，有部分删减和改动In December2019,there was a cluster of pneumonia cases in China.Investigations found that it was caused by a previously unknown virus–now named the2019Novel Coronavirus.2019年12月，中国出现了多例肺炎病例。

调查发现，该肺炎是由一种未知病毒引起的，现命名为2019年新型冠状病毒。

Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses.They consist of a core of genetic material surrounded by an envelope with protein spikes.This gives it the appearance of a crown.Crown in Latin is called“corona”and that’s how these viruses get their name.There are different types of coronaviruses that cause respiratory and sometimes gastrointestinal symptoms.冠状病毒分为多种。

病毒内部包含遗传物质，外围有蛋白棘突。

这使其外表类似王冠。

冠在拉丁语中被称为“corona”，因此，病毒命名为“Coronavirus”。

不同类型的冠状病毒都会引起呼吸道症状，有时也会引起胃肠道症状。

It’s known that coronaviruses circulate in a range of animals.But the animal reservoir of the 2019Novel Coronavirus is not known yet.The exact dynamics of how the virus is transmitted is yet to be determined.我们已知冠状病毒会在动物中传播。

天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关〞、“中国重晶石之乡〞、“贵州高原黄金城〞之称。

〞.天柱县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口41万余人，以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%, 是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。

天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。

气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地，享有“黔东粮仓〞的美誉。

当地年产烟叶2.6万担〔一担=50公斤〕，是中国烟叶主产区。

这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩〔一亩=1/15公顷〕，覆盖率达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之一。

重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。

天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。

全县国民经济稳步开展，综合实力日益增长，人民生活水平在不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，根底设施建设得以加强，城镇面貌日新月异。

“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合效劳优化，人居条件优良，经济充满活力〞的新天柱呈现在世人面前。

此次的汉译英语段命题与以往有些不同，以前都是时政语段或企业介绍，如今的命题有所变化。

该文是一篇说明文，介绍了贵州天柱县丰富的自然资源。

但不管怎么变化，万变不离其宗，我们在翻译课上所讲的内容完全可以应用到该语篇的翻译中去。

下面我们来看看此篇文章是怎样运用我们所学的知识和技巧的吧。

文章的第一段正是我们在翻译课上反复强调的7大成分不做主句处理的一个典型实例。

我们着重讲授了如下7个成分一般情况下不在英语句子中充当主要句子第三段有5句，按照我们课上所讲的方法，第一句和第二句合并可以处理成如下versions，表达动词谓语的变化或带有宗教色彩的动词,另外，我们所讲的“是〞字的译法，“特点〞的英译也能够充分表现出来。

“蕴藏〞一词可以译成：boast, be blessed with/be favored with, be endowed with, “气候温和，土壤肥沃〞应该可以将其视为“特点〞，“是〞一词可以译成：serve as, function as, play the role of,Version 1.Featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil, Tianzhu, boasting abundant natural resources, serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.〞Version 2.Tianzhu,blessed with abundant natural resources and featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil,serves as a major base of grainproduction,reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.〞此外，如果将我们在?中国茶文化?语篇中讲的用词，也可以这样来译：Be home to sth.表示蕴藏，富有，是。

英译汉第三次翻译练习班级：学号：姓名：Virtually everything astronomers know about objects outside the solar system isthe universe: neutrinos. With (as its name implies) no electric charge, and negligible mass, the neutrino interacts with otherNeutrinos can thus escape from regions of space where light and other kinds of electromagnetic radiation are blocked by matter. Furthermore, neutrinos carry with them information about the site and circumstances of their production: therefore, the detection of cosmic neutrinos could provide new information about a wide variety of cosmic phenomena and about the history of the universe. (131 words)实际上天文学家对太阳系外天体的所有认知都基于对光子——一种电磁辐射量子的探测上。

不过，还有一种遍布宇宙的辐射：中微子。

正如其名，中微子不带电荷，质量可忽略不计/微乎其微。

因为几乎不和其他粒子发生反应，中微子可以穿越整个宇宙，甚至穿越物质聚合体，也不会被吸收或发生轨迹偏离。

因此，在某些空间区域,光和其他电磁辐射会被物质阻截，中微子却可以逃逸出来。

而且，中微子携带关于它诞生地点及环境的相关信息：所以，探测宇宙中的中微子可以提供关于各种宇宙现象和宇宙史的新信息。

英译汉篇章翻译练习（3）I took home a briefcase full of troubles. As I sat down on that hot and humid evening, there seemed to be no solutions to the problems thrashing around in my brain. So I picked up a book, settled into a comfortable chair and applied my own special therapy—supper-slow reading.I spent three or four hours on two short chapters of Personal History by Vincent Sheena—savoring each paragraph, lingering over a sentence, a phrase, or even a single word, building a detailed mental picture of the scene. No longer was I in Sydney, Australia, on a sticky heart-wave night. Relishing every word, I joined foreign correspondent Sheena on a mission to China and another to Russia. I lost myself in the author’s world. And when finally I put in down, my mind was totally refreshed.Next morning, four words from the book—“take the long view”—were still in my mind. At my desk, I had a long-view look at my problems. Once more, super-slow reading had given me not only pleasure but perspective, and helped me in my everyday affairs.I discovered its worth years ago….Previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar.I has stared with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week I began to realize how much I was getting from super-slow-reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention, sometimes a sentence. I would read it slowly, analyze it, read it again—perhaps changing down into an even lower gear—and then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was like a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey.。

英译汉In today’s interconnected world, culture's power to transformsocieties is clear. Its diverse manifestations –from our cherished historicmonuments and museums to traditional practices and contemporary art forms –enrich our everyday lives in countless ways. Heritage constitutes a source ofidentity and cohesion for communities disrupted by bewildering change andeconomic instability. Creativity contributes to building open, inclusive andpluralistic societies. Both heritage and creativity lay the foundations forvibrant, innovative and prosperous knowledge societies.What is culture? Culture is who we are and what shapes ouridentity. No development can be sustainable without including culture. UNESCOensures that the role of culture is recognized through a majority of theSustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including those focusing on qualityeducation, sustainable cities, the environment, economic growth, sustainableconsumption and production patterns, peaceful and inclusive societies, genderequality and food security. UNESCO is convinced that no development can besustainable without a strong culture component.To ensure that culture takes its rightful place in developmentstrategies and processes, UNESCO has adopted a three-pronged approach: itspearheads worldwide advocacy for culture and development, while engaging withthe international community to set clear policies and legal frameworks andworking on the ground tosupport governments and local stakeholders tosafeguard heritage, strengthen creative industries and encourage cultural pluralism.Today, creativity is emerging as one of the most promisingavenues for changing how we see cities. Whether by revitalizing the localeconomy, rethinking transport or housing policies, reclaiming urban spaces, oropening up new horizons for young people, creativity is one of the drivingforces behind urban policies and initiatives. Cities worldwide are focusingtheir attention on the cultural and creative industries as an inspiration fortheir future.This vision is promoted by elected representatives and citypolicy-makers, who see it as a strategic lever for innovation when it comes totackling contemporary urban issues, whether on an economic, social orenvironmental front. More importantly, however, it is a vision shared by professionalsand citizens, who are taking action in their own neighborhoods and communitiesto build more sustainable and more human cities.This vision of creative urban governance is the driving forcebehind the UNESCO Creative Cities Programme and Network (联合国教科文组织创意城市网络). Since its creation in 2004,the Network has established itself as a strategic platform for promoting andsharing this new approach to sustainable cities. Through itsstandard-settingand operational actions, UNESCO has paved the way for demonstrating theessential role of creativity in urban sustainability, assisting national andlocal authorities and advocating this vision at an international level.Culture and creativity play a key role in sustainable urbandevelopment. They contribute to diversifying the economy and generating jobsbut they also enhance the quality of life of citizens by participating to acity’s social structure and cultural diversity.参考译文：在今天这个相互关联的世界里，文化改变社会的力量是显而易见的。

2016年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案试题部分：Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese.LECCO, Italy — Each morning, about 450 students travel along 17 school bus routes to 10 elementary schools in this lakeside city at the southern tip of Lake Como. There are zero school buses.In 2003, to confront the triple threats of childhood obesity, local traffic jams and —most important —a rise in global greenhouse gases abetted by car emissions, an environmental group here proposed a retro-radical concept: children should walk to school.They set up a piedibus (literally foot-bus in Italian) —a bus route with a driver but no vehicle. Each morning a mix of paid staff members and parental volunteers in fluorescent yellow vests lead lines of walking students along Lecco’s twisting streets to the schools’ gates, Pied Piper-style, stopping here and there as their flock expands.At the Carducci School, 100 children, or more than half of the students, now take walking buses. Many of them were previously driven in cars. Giulio• Greppi, a 9-year-old with shaggy blond hair, said he had been driven about a third of a mile each way until he started taking the piedibus. “I get to see my friends and we feel special because we know it’s good for the environment,” he said.Although the routes are each generally less than a mile, the town’s piedibuses have so far eliminated more than 100,000 miles of car travel and, in principle, prevented thousands of tons of greenhouse gases from entering the air, Dario Pesenti, the town’s environment auditor, estimates.The number of children who are driven to school over all is rising in the United States and Europe, experts on both continents say, making up a sizable chunk of transportation’s contribution to greenhouse-gas emissions. The “school run” made up 18 percent of car trips by urban residents of Britain last year, a national survey showed.In 1969, 40 percent of students in the United States walked to school; in 2001, the most recent year data was collected, 13 percent did, according to the federal government’s National Household Travel Survey. Lecco’s walking bus was the first in Italy, but hundreds have cropped up elsewhere in Europe and, more recently, in North America to combat the trend.Towns in France, Britain and elsewhere in Italy have created such routes, although few are as extensive and long-lasting as Lecco’s.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English.全球气候变化深刻影响着人类生存和发展，是各国共同面临的重大挑战。