分词的用法
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分词的用法
分词有两种分词,一种是过去分词,一种是现在分词。过去分词一般做定语,或者宾语补足语。现在分词一般做定语,或者表语,宾语补足语。分词的用法很广泛,具体要看语境以及句子结构。
分词:
分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词,尤指以-ing或-ed,-d,-t,-en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词,具有形容词功能,同时又表现各种动词性特点,如时态、语态、带状语性修饰语的性能及带宾词的性能。
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是一种非谓语动词形式。现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于:现在分词表示“主动和进行”,过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。
分词的用法:
为大家整理的分词的用法的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词,提高英语水平。
分词作定语
分词前置
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
分词后置 (i分词词组;ii 个别分词如given, left; iii 修饰不定代词
something等)
There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里
There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西
This is the question given. 这是所给的问题
过去分词作定语
与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
典型例题
1)What"s the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
2) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language
came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被动,相当于定语从句 which is written
2)What"s the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式,在句中作定语,修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为:
What"s the language (which is) spoken in German?
我们来一起看看刚才这句句子:
The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.
这里是现在分词作状语
句子结构可以分解为:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
再来看几个例子:
1.分词作定语
I get the added pocket money!
定语:added(过去分词)
2. 分词作状语
Having been attacked by the color, I bought this scarf.
状语:Having been attacked by the color(现在分词:Having)
3.分词作补语
We saw him talking to her.
补语:talking to her(现在分词:talking)
4.分词作表语
His father seems pleased with his results.
表语:pleased(过去分词:pleased)
5.分词作插入语
Judging from her face, she must be sick.
插入语:Judging from her face(现在分词:Judging)
6. 连词+分词(短语)
While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.
友情提示:有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚,可在分词前加连词。连词有:when,while,if though,after, before, as. 但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。
送给同学们一句现在分词的正能量句子:
After making up your mind, you should advance without any hesitation.
目标既定,就要毫不犹豫勇往直前。
好啦,关于分词的用法就学到这里。我们遮住上面的教学内容一起回忆一下,分词分成哪两类?分词的用法一共有几种?