unit8新标准大学英语 视听说 综合教程 网上作业 答案

Unit testDone with this task. Your score: 73%= =Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete each sentence using the correct word or expression from the box.∙advisable∙lunar∙undergo∙charm∙preach∙reunion∙spectacle∙phase∙anomaly∙essentially1.Your answer Correct answerphase reunion2.Because of his heart attack, George had toYour answer Correct answerundergo undergo3.We're hoping this is just a(n)Your answer Correct answeranomaly phase4.It is definitely notYour answer Correct answeradvisable advisable5.Your answer Correct answerreunion spectacle6.In my opinion, you should practice what youYour answer Correct answerpreach preach7.Your answer Correct answerlunar anomaly8.We usually don't get to seeYour answer Correct answerspectable lunar9.Our home might be small, but it has a lot ofYour answer Correct answercharm charm10.Your answer Correct answeressentially essentiallySection B: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11. Harold _____ waited in the lobby for them to call him into the interview.A. nervouslyB. essentiallyC. anomalyD. blindly12. We need to _____ natural resources today if we want our children to have them tomorrow.A. reserveB. disserveC. conserveD. preserve13. I want the senator to make a _____ apology for his insensitive remarks.A. sincereB. humbleC. festiveD. morbid14. I love Sundays because they are the only chance I get to _____ around and do nothing.A. sneakB. crawlC. runD. lounge15. We're going to throw Maria an amazing _____ when she returns from Spain.A. celebrateB. celebrationC. celebratoryD. celebrating16. The chocolate cake was a tiny bit of _____ in an otherwise ordinary meal.A. decadentB. decadentsC. cadenceD. decadence17. My dog, Rex, was a _____ member of the family for 15 years.A. belovedB. belittledC. bemusedD. belonged18. It's impossible to _____ torture as a means of questioning.A. beautifyB. justifyC. certifyD. mystify19. Don't _____ around the house at night; the noises keep me awake.A. loungeB. popC. preachD. sneak20. I can't even describe the _____ I felt when I found out she got fired.A. furyB. furiousC. furorD. furiouslySection C: Complete each sentence with a suitable word.21.He has been completely taken upYour answer Correct answerwith with22.Please fillYour answer Correct answerup up23.Your answer Correct answerwhatever for24.It was,Your answer Correct answeron by25.I'm going to meet upYour answer Correct answerwith with26.Can you please countYour answer Correct answerout out27.A good lawyer should be able to save youYour answer Correct answerfrom from28.The meeting will start at 7 o'clockYour answer Correct answeron on29.Your answer Correct answerinto into30.AllYour answer Correct answerin inPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.When I was a little boy, I thought my birthday was the most important day of the year. Birthdayparties were incredibly exciting and every other day just seemed so incomparison. Why did I think my birthday was so important? Why wouldn't I? My parents always circledit on theand gave me wonderful gifts. It was always such a happy and event. Everyyear, it was a true celebration!As you might have guessed, I certainly wasn't very when I was young. Ithought the world revolved around me, and I wanted everyone to know it. I remember one particularday in specific. It was during at school. While all my friends were eating, Ioverheard them talking about my party. They were just as excited as I was, and they kept asking mewhat games we would play. I remember I was so happy just to sit there and inthe anticipation they all felt for my special day.Then Joey Franklin decided to have a huge birthday party when he turned seven. I wasdistraught. I went home to to my mother. How could he have a birthday party that might be as good as (or better) than mine? Only I was allowed to have birthday parties!"Myknow. You're my special darling, but everyone has birthdays, and everyone is allowed to have abirthday party to the day." Even though I didn't want to admit it, I knew she wasright. From the daymy friends (but mine were still the best).Your answer Correct answer(31) mundane mundane(32) calendar calendar(33) festive festive(34) humble humble(35) lunchtime lunchtime(36) bask bask(37) complain complain(38) goodness goodness(39) celebrate celebrate(40) onwards onwardsPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Holidays are celebrated in many ways around the world: parades, celebrations, feasts, family dinners,fireworks, sporting events, and street festivals, just to name a few. Some holidays, such as New Year's Day, are observed around the world. Some holidays, such as Christmas, Hanukkah, and Ramadan, are celebrated only by members of a certain religion. Still other holidays are unique to specific countries and are celebrated by people who come from those countries, or who are descended from people who came from those countries.St Patrick's Day is a national holiday in Ireland and Northern Ireland, and it is celebrated by Irish people and people of Irish descent in cities and countries around the world. However, in recent years, more and more people who are not Irish have begun to join in the festivities and celebrate the day. It has become especially popular in Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand. St Patrick is one of the patron saints of Ireland (according to the Catholic Church), and St Patrick's Day falls on March 17 each year.Historically, the day began as an Irish religious holiday but became a national public holiday in 1903. Beginning in the late 20th century, the holiday transformed to be more of a cultural holiday—a day to celebrate Irish customs and culture. In Ireland, the Saint Patrick's Festival has become a week-long event to showcase Irish culture to the world. The colour green and the three-leaved shamrock are the symbols most associated with St Patrick and St Patrick's Day. It is therefore very common to see people wear green clothing on March 17 even if they do not join in a major celebration.St Patrick's Day parades are common in cities around the world. The largest Irish populations outside of Ireland and Northern Ireland are in the United States. Many major cities, including Boston, New York City, and Philadelphia have held parades for nearly 300 years! It has also become tradition to dye water green in honour of the day. The Chicago River flows through the middle of that city, and every March 17, the entire river is dyed green! Water fountains in front of the White House in Washington, DC and in Trafalgar Square in London are also typically dyed green.41. St Patrick's Day is a national holiday in _____.A. the United StatesB. EnglandC. Northern IrelandD. Australia42. St Patrick's Day is an example of a _____ holiday.A. religiousB. culturalC. nationalD. all of the above43. Which of the following is a symbolic representation of Saint Patrick?A. Feasts.B. Festivals.C. Parades.D. Shamrocks.44. This passage is an example of what style of writing?A. Informative.B. Persuasive.C. Biographical.D. Editorial.45. Which paragraph describes the international influence of St Patrick's Day?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.。

新标准大学英语综合教程2-unit-test8答案LtDPart I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete each sentence using the correct word or expression from the box.manualexcitementadditionaloutlookdiversionleisurepeculiarinteractioninherentexcessive1. F or me, television is just a(n) diversion,but some people consider it a full-time activity.Your answer Correct answerdiversion diversion2. S norkeling and scuba diving are greatpastimes, but they also have inherent risks that make them dangerous.Your answer Correct answerinherent inherent3. W hen I move to a new house, I think I'llneed a(n) additional room for all of myhobbies.Your answer Correct answeradditional additional4. J ohn plays team sports in his free timebecause he appreciates the interaction with other people.Your answer Correct answerinteraction interaction5. M y current job involves a lot ofmanual labor, so I'd prefer that my next job be at a desk.Your answer Correct answermanual manual6. A ny hobby can take over your life if youspend a(n) excessive amount of time doing it.Your answer Correct answerexcessive excessive7. I have to write an essay about what I liketo do in my leisure time.Your answer Correct answerleisure leisure8. T he outlook for the sports industry looksgreat; more and more people are trying to stay healthy through sports.Your answer Correct answeroutlook outlook9. M ost people don't see much excitement instamp collecting, but I really enjoy it.Your answer Correct answerexcitement excitement10 . My friends all think magic is a(n) peculiar hobby, but I find it interesting and it makes me happy.Your answer Correct answerpeculiar peculiarSection B: Choose the best way tocomplete the sentences.11. M y little sister has an _______ spirit—shelikes to explore everyplace she goes.A. adventurousB. advantageousC. adventureD. advantage12. C live would often get into trouble because he_______ expressed his thoughts andopinions.A. swiftlyB. franticallyC. badlyD. perfectly13. F or many people, learning to speak Chinese isa _______ effort because it is so difficult.A. futileB. rewardingC. peculiarD. worthwhile14. T he _______ of the large tree from ourbackyard freed up space where we could play football.A. removeB. removalC. removingD. removes15. D on't _______ me! Of course I know how toplay chess!A. insultB. rudeC. offenseD. abuse16. E njoyable activities such as painting,photography, and light exercise help olderpeople maintain a _______ on the real world.A. gripsB. grippingC. gripperD. grip17. C ompleting crossword puzzles usually_______ me since many of the words are souncommon.A. aggravateB. aggravatesC. aggravatingD. aggravation18. S ome games, like chess, have an _______ setof rules, while others are relatively simple.A. excellentB. expensiveC. exactD. extensive19. M any young people practically live in the_______ world of video games.A. genuineB. virtualC. trueD. false20. B y definition, a hobby is something you do forfun and for which don't receive any _______.A. excitementB. leisureC. compensationD. gratificationSection C: Complete each sentence with a suitable word.21. Please sit down and watch this short filmbefore the meeting.Your answer Correct answerdown down22. Stephen has taken an interest in poetry,so I bought him a book of famous poems.Your answer Correct answerin in23. When she got older, Sally tookup photography as a full-time hobby.Your answer Correct answerup up24. Once I catch hold of an idea, I have tofollow through until it's complete.Your answer Correct answerof of25. Not many paintings are worthy of the wordmasterpiece, but the Louvre Museum inParis is full of paintings that are!Your answer Correct answerof of26. As for the younger generation, I thinkthey're more interested in video games than books.Your answer Correct answerfor for27. A painter must have every color of paintat hand and available at all times.Your answer Correct answerat at28. After reading that book, Charlie found itdifficult to move on and read more aboutthe same subject.Your answer Correct answeron on29. When the weekend comes around, I'musually so tired out from the week that Ijust want to sleep.Your answer Correct answerout out30. She just got back from school, so she hasn'thad time to finish her homework yet.Your answer Correct answerfrom fromPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on thefollowing passage.Doris spends almost all of her free time in her backyard garden. Her hobby is (31)gardeningbecause Doris loves working with the earth and making things grow. Many people think gardening is (32)pointless because it takes so much time and you can easily buy fruits and vegetables at the store. I suppose this point of view is (33)understandable, but Doris gets frustrated with such ideas. She (34)toils in her garden because she appreciates the feeling of creating life, not because she can't afford tomatoes and peppers at the market.Doris knows that most people don't have the patience or (35)attention span for gardening. She understands that it takes a lot of hard work to see results, so she doesn't hold a (36)grudgeagainst people who think gardening is a waste of time. To Doris, gardening is like an(37)art form. Just like painting a beautiful picture, growing vegetables well requires a lot of experience, skill, patience, and (38)dedication.Yesterday, Doris spent a perfect afternoon outside, beneath the sun, and crouched in the dirt of her garden. She wore her (39)speciallydesigned T-shirt that says "Doris: Master Gardener," and she harvested a basket full of beautiful fruits and vegetables. Why would anyone choose a different (40)pastime to fill the days?Your answer Correct answer(31) g ardening gardening(32) P ointless Pointless(33) u nderstandable understandable(34) t oils toils(35) a ttention span attention span(36) g rudge grudge(37) a rt form art form(38) d edication dedication(39) s pecially specially(40) P astime PastimePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on thefollowing passage.Music is almost a universal pastime. People around the world listen to it, play it, and appreciate it. However, world music is a subject that receives little attention in the West. Unfortunately, it's common for people in the United States and Great Britain to be completely unfamiliar with the many styles of music found in countries around the world. One of the most different, yet nonetheless beautiful, styles of music is found in Mongolia.Traditional Mongolian music uses a range of instruments, many of which are unique variations of instruments familiar to other cultures, such as the horse head fiddle, lute, trumpet, flute, zither, and drums. The most unique and well-known components of traditional Mongolian music, however, are the solo singing styles known as khuumii and urtiin duu.Khuumii, or throat singing, is performed withoutinstrumental accompaniment, comes from deep in the throat, and produces the effect of two distinct notes at the same time. Khuumii developed in western Mongolia and the present-day Russian Republic of Tuva. The open expanse of the landscape in these regions was favorable for this type of singing, which allowed voices to travel long distances with minimal effort. Today, throat singing has become internationally known. However, many of the acts recording music and traveling the world are from Russia. Though many Mongolians still enjoy listening to and singing traditional music, young people (like those in many countries) tend to prefer modern pop music.Urtiin duu dates back to the 13th century, when the style was practised as a professional art. Urtiin duu relates intricate stories about the natural beauty of the land and the rituals of daily life. The vocal style is similar to khuumii in that it takes a talented, practised singer in order to perform well. The sounds are drawn-out and require extreme controlof the singer's breath. Some examples of this stylehave been recorded to have as many as 20,000verses, thus earning the name "long songs."41. "Music is almost a universal pastime." Which ofthe following statements has the same meaningas this?A. Music is a leisure activity found aroundB. Music is a required activity foundC. Music is a leisure activity found in a fewD. Music is a required activity found in a42. With which of the following statements wouldthe author of this passage probably agree?A. World music is an art form that receivesB. Young people always appreciate thetraditional music of their country.C. Most people in London are unfamiliarwith Asian music.D. Traditional Mongolian music is knownthroughout the world.43. Which paragraph describes a style of singingthat some might consider to be excessivelylengthy?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.44. Which of the following sentences from thepassage indicates the author's opinion?A. However, world music is a subject thatreceives little attention in the West.B. One of the most different, yetnonetheless beautiful, styles of music isfound in Mongolia.C. Today, throat singing has becomeD. The sounds are drawn-out and require45. The author of this passage is _______.A. telling a storyB. presenting informationC. making an argumentD. persuading the reader。

微*信*关*注逗*嗨*校*园Unit 88-1 Inside viewCon^ ersation 1-1Mentioned Not mentioned1.sleeping badly2」oss of appetite3.a headache4,a cough5.high temperature6・high / low bloodpressured depression8.weight lossConversation 1-21. A. Because she hasnl been sleeping very well.2. B. She's worried about her end・of4erm exams.3. A. Because she f s lost her appetite.4. B. To keep an eye on her health.5. A. She suggests that Janet should make an appointment tosee the doctor.6. B. She docsn f t want to make a fuss.Conversation 2-11. B. False2. A. True3. A. True4. B. False5. B. False6. A. TrueConversation 2・2(1)social life(2) a boyfriend(3)al university(4)Western food(5)any worries about(6)essay crisis(7)have a word withConversation 2-31. A. she's missing home2. B. unimportant3. B. doesn't want to talk to the doctor about how she'sfeeling4. B. shet tired of Western food5・ B. speak to Janet's tutor6. B. physically and mentally unwell8-2 Outside viewWatching and understanding 11founder president2green vegetables3breakdown vitaminsWatching and understanding 21. A. True2. B. False3. B. False4. A. True5. A. True6. B. False7. A. TrueWatching and understanding 3(1)health and fitness(2)ever tried(3)absolutely amazing(4)the average consumer(5)on a daily basis(6)best dnnk youll ever have / best drink you will ever have(7)through my day(8)this positive food8-3 Listening inNews report 11. D. A British couple's medical expenses are covered by a NewYork hospital.2. B. Their daughter was not healthy enough to travel back tothe UK.3. B. Health care is provided by the government.News report 2i. D. In CrossFit boxes, you use fitness equipment not usuallyfound in standard gyms.2. D. People want to try something different from traditionalworkout programmes.Passage 1-11 ・ F. James Barry wanted to be a doctor.2.G. James Barry pretended lo be someone he wasn't.3. D. James Barry graduated in medicine.4. A. James Barry joined the army.5. E. James Barry gained a reputation as a quick and skilfulsurgeon・6.H. James Barry returned to London.7. C. James Barry died.8. B. People discovered his true identity.Passage 1-21. A. had a career as an army medical officer2. A. fought for better conditions for soldiers and prisonersabroad3. C. until he died4. B. although he was small and had a smooth pale face5. D. women couldn't study medicine at (he timePassage 2-1(1)appointment(2)chemist(3)covered(4)visit(5)convenient(6)pharmacy(7)insurance(8)encourage8-4 Presentation skillsPractice 1:参考:Step 3:Pm sure that everybody agrees health is perhaps the most important matter in our life, because without health we cannot do anything successfully. My top health tips are: Have a balaneed diet, stick to an appropriate exercise routine. go to bed early and get up early, meet family members and trie nds regularly for a good laugh, and take a holiday every few months. (Show a slide with five bullet points of these top health tips here.)As you know, a good t balanced diet is very important for your body to get sufficient nutrition so that you have energy to do your work and live healthily. When your diet is poor, it is easy for you to become ill. (Show some photos of the typical ingredients in a balaneed diet.)Its good advice to plan an appropriate exercise routine t which means the exercise you do should suit you well and shouldrTt be too much for you. However, you doneed to do it regularly and consistently. For example, you may do your fai chi exercises for half an hour every morning, take a walk every evening after dinner, go for a swim once or twice a week and play a basketball or badminton match once a week. If you do that, youll soon feel the ben efits. It will improve your strength and en dura nee, and help to correct bad posture. It also improves your mood and your concentration. You will also feel less stressed, and more con fide nt about yourself・ Of course, if you don't exercise, the opposite will happen. I remember there was one period when I could not follow my routine - I was short of time and had to finish my work. But I became very miserable and my work efficiency went down as well. When I realized what was happening. I forced myself to resume my routine and I became more energetic・More importantly, I was able to finish my work more quickly. (Show some photos of me doing exercise here.)Another point … This is easy to say, but quite hard to do … Go to bed early and get up early. Having enough sleep is important for your body to process and gain nutrition and energy and to repair itself for the next day. Without proper sleep it is very easy to become ill. no matter how young and strong you are. (Show a picture of some one asleep here.)Another important aspect of health is your mentalhealth• You have to remain happy and positive. So a good way to make this possible is to meet up with family members and friends to relax and enjoy yourself — go out with them, have a good dinner together sing karaoke or watch a good film or show. You know t last week I went out with my friends for a karaoke night. It was so good that I finished my presentation preparation more quickly than I had planned・(Show some photos of happy singing here.)Further, every now and then your body needs to rest completely and your m泊d needs to stop thinking about work. As the saying goes, "If you don't know how to rest, then you dorft know how to study." So going away for a holiday is a good idea to achieve this. You don't have to spend a lot of money for a holiday. Two months ago on a week© nd, I took a bicycle tnp with a group of trie nds. We took some tents for camping. It was not expensive at all and we had a wonderful time. (Show some camping photos.)In conclusion, we need to look after our body and mind if we want to keep ourselves healthy, happy and young. So I hope that everybody puts their health right at the top of their priority list. Enjoy your life and enjoy your study. Thank you for listening. (Show a picture of people with happy smili ng faces and strong healthy-looking bodies here.)Now I would like you to help me to do one more thing. Can you put up your hands when I show you my top health tips again to show whether you would like to follow my tips? (Show the slide with the five bullet points of top health tips here again.) OK. My first top health tip is a balanced diet. Do you agree with me? Please put up your hands if you would like to follow this tip. (This goes on until you finish the five top tips.)8-6 Unit testI) B. Dieting is not a good solution to lose weight in theimmediate future.A. Positive ・C. It appeared without warning・C.He can't cam enough money to survive as an artist.D.She is unresponsive.C. It is helpful physically and mentally.A. Yoga is not physically demanding.B・ She provided enough motivation.9) B. It is always best to tell the truth.10) D. "The grass is always greener on the other side：II) A. To entertain.12) C Acupuncture has been oficrcd as a new solution to treatback pain in the UK.13) A. Do exercises and take medicine.14) D. The prospect of acupuncture is quite promising in Britainin a few years・。

新标准大学英语 unit8Unit 8。

In Unit 8 of the New Standard College English, we will focus on the topic of environmental protection. This unit aims to help students understand the importance of environmental protection and the impact of human activities on the environment. It also provides students with the opportunity to discuss environmental issues and explore potential solutions.The unit begins with a reading passage that introduces the concept of sustainable development and the need for a balance between economic growth and environmental conservation. This reading passage serves as a foundation for the unit, as it sets the stage for further exploration of environmental issues.Following the reading passage, students will engage in activities that encourage critical thinking and discussion. They will be asked to consider the environmental impact of various human activities, such as industrialization, urbanization, and deforestation. Through these activities, students will develop a deeper understanding of the complexities of environmental issues and the need for sustainable practices.In addition to discussing environmental challenges, this unit also provides students with the opportunity to explore potential solutions. Students will be introduced to various environmental protection initiatives and will be encouraged to consider their own role in promoting environmental sustainability. Through group discussions and collaborative projects, students will be able to brainstorm creative solutions to environmental problems and develop a sense of responsibility towards the environment.Furthermore, this unit includes a focus on language skills related to environmental protection. Students will have the opportunity to expand their vocabulary related to environmental issues and practice using language to express their opinions on environmental topics. They will also engage in activities that focus on writing skills, such as composing essays or reports on environmental issues.Overall, Unit 8 of the New Standard College English provides students with a comprehensive understanding of environmental protection and sustainability. Through a combination of reading, discussion, and language practice, students will develop the knowledge and skills necessary to engage in meaningful conversations about environmental issues and to contribute to the promotion of environmental sustainability in their own lives and communities.。

第3册全新版大学英语综合教程Unit8课后答案第3册全新版大学英语综合教程Unit8课后答案全新版大学英语综合教程在内容设计上每单元围绕一个反映当代生活实际的主题展开，同时兼顾语言知识、应用技能、学习策略和跨文化交际等方面内容的有机融合，指导学生全面深入地获取并掌握与各主题有关的`语言文化知识及丰富的语料。

下面是店铺分享的全新版大学英语综合教程3答案，欢迎大家阅读!Text AContent questions1.at his mother’s funeral, the writer swore that one day he’d do something about conditions like hers2.one night,the writer went out for dreinks with another gentleman whose father had died of ALS. They talked about their parents then and wanted to do something as a legacy for them. The stem cell research company Stemagen thus came into existence3.they are concerned about the reproductive possibilities of cloning when Dolly was born4.human reproductive cloning is ethically wrong because the majority of reproductive clones in other species are actually abnormal,with very high miscarriage rates, very high stillbirth rates, fetal anomalies, death soon after birth,etc.5.the writer shows a positive attitude towards therapeutic cloning. He holds that therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of rist to human life and actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in human beings who are undergoing some awful things.6.the writer honestly thinks that someone will attempt human reproductive cloning and there is no way to stop it7.because by doing so, they could make cloning very real so that people around the world know that cloning is coming along8.their purpose in creating disease-specific stem cell lines is to study the causes of specific diseases,and then research a variety of treatments for these diseases. If the stem cell lines are created for any given individual and are later transplated back into the individual, they will not be rejected by the individual.9.the writer holds that in reality it is transcendent because when you look through the microscope, you see what you may have looked like a long ago, at least in part10.it brought teras to his eyes because the research was done for his mother,and he realized that if she had only been able to live a few years longer, maybe they could have used this technology to help her11.in the process of analysis, the embroys were destroyed by necessity. In other words, to get the genetic material from inside the cells to analyze it, they had to destroy the cell\12.because the writer thinks that logically, an embryo is not life, although it is a potential life. The vast majorityof embroys never become life—they just generate , don't implant and dieLanguage sense enhancement1) in some ways 2)make the most of 3)individual 4)replicated 5)roadmap 6)in place 7) resulst from 8)dissuade 9)Quite honestly 10)legislateVocabulary1.1) complications 2)tremendous 3)brillian 4)analysis \5)transplant , transplant 6)In a sense 7)consented 8)In some ways 9)eyesight10)in reality 11)implanted 12) procedures2. 1)focus 2)come forward 3)result from 4)go through5)carry out 6)work on 7)feed on 8)settled over3. 1)resulted from a childhood illness2)was condemmed by the trade unions as endangering jobs3)in place,even those with presistent, long-term mental illness can usually learn to manage their symptoms and live productive lives4)but apparently showed disapproval of his behaviour5)you should make the most of any advice which you can get from the interviewer4. 1)misconceptions, potential, make the most of ,2)donated, cntentious issue, and opponents3)a fraud , in some ways, condemn himII Collocation1)permission to adopt her2)a willingness to restart peace talks3)failure to find meaning in life4)his determination to realize his ideals5)attempt to blow up the bridge6)an opportunity to pursue a college degree下载文档润稿写作咨询。

新编大学英语视听说教程unit8听力原文及答案Part 1Listening 1Ex1: 1) rocks 2) Yes 3) stones 4) not 5)sand 6) No 7) waterEx2: 1) time management business students 2) wide-mouthed produce at a time 3) dumped work themselves down 4) grabbed filled to the top illustration 5)eager beaver how full your schedule is fit some more things 6) get them in at allScript:One day an expert on the subject of time management was speaking to a group of business students and, to stress a point, used an illustration I'm sure those students will never forget. After I share it with you, you'll never forget it either.As this man stood in front of the group of high-powered overachievers, he said, "Ok, time for a quiz." He pulled out a large, wide-mouthed jar and set it on a table in front of him. Then he produced about a dozen fist-sized rocks and carefully placed them, one at a time, into the jar.When the jar was filled to the top and no more rocks would fit inside, he asked, "Is this jar full"Everyone in the class said, "Yes."Then he said, "Really" He reached under the table and pulled out a bag of little stones. Then he dumped some of them in and shook the jar causing the little stones to work themselves down into the spaces between the big he smiled and asked the group once more, "Is the jar full" By this time the class was onto him. "Probably not," one of them answered. "Good!" he replied. And he reached under the table and brought out a bag of sand. He started dumping the sand in and it went into all the spaces leftbetween the rocks and the little stones. Once more he asked the question, "Is this jar full""No!" the class shouted. Once again he said, "Good!" Then he grabbed a bottle of water and began to pour it in until the jar was filled to the top. Then he looked up at the class and asked, "What is the point of this illustration"One eager beaver raised his hand and said, "The point is, no matter how full your schedule is, if you try really hard, you can always fit some more things into it!""No," the speaker replied, "that's not the point. The truth this illustration teaches us is: If you don't put the big rocks in first, you'll never get them in at all."Listening 2Ex1: B C A B D C B B A DEx2: F T F F TScripts:Throughout the day, energy rises and falls. At its peak, you're likely to perform 30 to 40 percent faster and more accurately, than at its lowest, says Lynne Lamberg. So by synchronizing your schedule with your natural energy supply ,it will help you use it more efficiently.She also says, alertness is highest and concentration the most between 9a.m. and early afternoon—the best time to crunch numbers or write a report. You should dive into the hardest tasks first, and your extend high-energy mornings with a late lunch. Many people are still going strong until 1 or 2 ., so why break the momentum During mid-afternoon, you might attend to some routine tasks, such as paying bills or sorting through a pile of junk mail. Work that involves physical activity, such as running down the hall to photocopy a memo, or talkingto other people (that includes phone calls)—will keep your energy level from dropping way down.When full alertness returns—around 4 .—you might do a few small projects that give you a feeling of satisfaction and accomplishment. Send off an important letter. Or plan and prioritize for the next day.The dark side of your cycle is equally important: For daylong energy we need a good night's sleep. On average, Americans get about seven-and-one-half hours, although some need more and others get by on less. We 're getting enough sleep if we wake up without the help of an alarm clock and don't feel the urge to nap during the day.Listening 3Ex1: 1) London 2) What a wonderful Life 3) Globe 4) changes developments natural resources cities nuclear warEx2: T F T T FScript:(Do you feel depressed when you read newspapers Does the news always seem bad To many people it does, but not to Alexander Dubois, a French scientist living in London. Unlike many scientists, he believes that the world will be a better place in the future. His book, What a Wonderful Life, will be on sale, and Globe sent Reporter Catherine Brown to talk to him. Here is part of their conversation.) Catherine Brown: What changes will we see in the next few yearsAlexander Dubois:Today, work is the most important part of manypeople's lives. In the future, machines will do muchof our work. This means that we'll have more time tothink about how to live happily.Catherine Brown: What developments will there be in medical scienceAlexander Dubois:The day will come when we will eliminate killerdiseases such as diphtheria and typhoid. Also, therewill be fewer babies born with birth defects becausedoctors will be able to operate on children beforethey are born.Catherine Brown:And what about natural resources Will there be anadequate supply of coal, oil and gasAlexander Dubois:Of course! Research shows that there are sufficientresources for the next 20,000 years within onekilometer of the earth's surface.Catherine Brown:Will cities continue to grow and become more and moreovercrowdedAlexander Dubois:No, they won't. People will return to smallercommunities where they can really know theirneighbors and participate in community life.Catherine Brown: Aren't you worried about the possibility of nuclearwarAlexander Dubois: Yes, I am. I expect there will be a nuclear war in thefuture, but it won't end our world. Life willcontinue.Statements:1. Alexander Dubois holds an optimistic point of view for the world's future.2. Alexander Dubois believes that, people's jobs will play the most important partin their lives.3. Alexander Dubois thinks that,6 some defects in babies will be treated beforebirth.4. Alexander Dubois predicts that someday some people will move from big cities tosmaller communities.5. Alexander Dubois believes that a nuclear war can be the end of the world.Listening 4Ex1: e c b f a dEx2: 1)biased 2) unaware 3) success 4) fun 5)control 6) environment 7) flexibility 8)optimal 9)wings 10）explore Scripts:Professor Zimbardo: Time perspectives are easy to identify when people are making decisions. For some people, it’s only about what is in the immediate situation, what other people are doing, and what they are feeling. And those people, when they make their decision in that form, we’re going to call “present-oriented”, because their focus is what is now.Student A: Then maybe , I’m not ”present-oriented”. It seems what I care most is always what will be in the future.Professor Zimbardo: Yes. You might be among those ”future-oriented”. There focus is always about anticipated consequences. OK, anybody here who is neither “present-oriented” nor “future-oriented”Student B: Myself. I think neither of your description about this two time perspectives fits me well.Professor Zimbardo: Then you mast belong to the third type. We call them “pat-oriented”because they focus on what was. For them, both the present and the future are irrelevant. Thire decisions are based on past memories.S tudent B: That’s true, but sometimes, I just fell my time perspectives are a mixture.Professor Zimbardo: That’s very likely the case. There are actually six time perspectives: past-positive or past-negative; present-hedonistic or present-fatalist: future-oriented or transcendental future, as a matter of fact, these six time perspectives might coexist in a person. But they are biased in different situations. Either of them may rise to be the dominating one that influences us to make decisions. But we’re tot ally unaware.Student A: But do those perspectives show bias in their influence on human life,for example, positive or negativeProfessor Zimbardo: In a sense, that’s right. Any time perspective in excess has more negatives than positives, you know what those future-oriented people sacrificefor success. They sacrifice family time . they sacrifice friend time. They sacrifice fun time. And they sacrifice sleep. So it affects their health. And they live for work, achievement and control.Student B: Yes. Tha t’s ture. We just never realized that before. But professor,do you think time perspective is something inherent or something we learnProfessor Zimbardo: People’s time perspectives result fromthe social environment and their life experiences, and they can be learned and be changed . That’s the last point I want to make today. one needs to develop the mental flexibility to shift time perspectives fluidly, depending on the demands of the situation; that’s what you’re got to learn to do. The optimal temporal mix is What you get from the past-positive gives you roots. What you get from the future is wings to soar to new destinations, new challenges. What you get from the present hedonism is energy, the energy to explore yourself, places, people, sensuality.Further ListeningListening 1Ex1: F F F F T T F TEx2: 1)friend 2) end 3) weeks 4)know 5)terrible 6)rang 7)younger 8)tired 9)game 10）make 11）show 12）thinking 13）distance 14）corner 15）telegram16）deserveScripts:Around the Cornerby Henson TowneAround the corner I have a friend,In this great city that has no end.Yet the days go by and weeks rush on,And before I know it, a year is gone.And I never see my old friend's face,For life is a swift and terrible race,He knows I like him just as well,As in the days when I rang his bell,And he rang mine.But we were younger then,And now we are busy, tired men.Tired of playing a foolish game,Tired of trying to make a name."Tomorrow," I say, "I will call on JimJust to show that I'm thinking of him."But tomorrow comes and tomorrow goes,And distance between us grows and grows.Around the corner! — yet miles away."Here's a telegram sir—Jim died today."And that's what we get and deserve in the end.Around the corner , a vanished friend.Listening 2Ex1: 1)clocks 2) promptness efficiency 3) impatient 4) household appliances save time 5)control miss avoid Ex2: F T F F FScript:Almost every American wears a watch, and in nearly every room in an American home, there's a clock. "Be on time." "Don't waste time." "Time is money." "Time waitsfor no one." All of these familiar sayings reflect the American obsession with promptness and efficiency. Students and employees displease their teachers and bosses when they arrive late. This desire to get the most out of every minute often affects behavior, making Americans impatient when they have to wait. The pressureto make every moment count sometimes makes it difficult for Americans to relax anddo nothing.The desire to save time and handle work efficiently also leads Americans to buy many kinds of machines. These range from household appliances to equipment for the office such ascalculators, photocopy machines and computers. One popular machineis the videocassette recorder, which gives Americans a new kind of control over time. Fans of professional football don't have to miss the Sunday afternoon game on TV because of a birthday party. They simply videotape it and watch the game in the evening. What's more, they can actual save time by fast-forwarding through all the sales ads and commercials shown during te game. So a game, seen later on, might only last hours.Listening 3Ex1: A B A B DEx2: 1)pessimistic 2)doubled 3)coal 4)chickens 5) artificial6)well-designed7)fresher 8)leading 9)unnecessaryScript:What will life be like 100 years from now Some experts are optimistic; others,far more pessimistic. They think that by then the population will have doubled. Wewill have run out of essential materials, like oil and coal. We may even have run out of water to drink. They believe that we will be living like chickens- living in little boxes, and eating artificial food.But those who are more optimistic say that life in the future will be much better than it is today. We may be living in well-designed , systematic communities. We may be getting more sunlight, breathing fresher air, living in a better environment and leading far more pleasant lives than we are today.Life will certainly have become far more mechanized by the year 2100. It may even have become too mechanized.Mechanization has already caused quite a few problems and will cause still more. For example, many jobs will have been “automated”. People will no longer be able to learn only one job in their lifetime. Many of the jobs that young people are doing today will have become unnecessary by the time they are 40.Questions:1. What can definitely be said of life in the next century2. What does "many jobs will be 'automated'" mean according to the passage3. What will the influence of automation be upon people in terms of employment4. Is there any possibility hat some jobs will disappear in decades from now Why or why not5. What would the future job market look likeListening 4Ex1: F T T F FEx2: 1) Because they could have a large house and yard there2) The cities have grown larger3) During the last 10 or 15 years of the 20th century4) Because they want to change them into apartment buildings5) It saves people time for traveling back and forthScript:Starting in the early 1900s, many Americans living and working in large cities moved to the suburbs. They wanted to live where they could have a large house and yard, instead of a small apartment with no yard. The problem that this has brought is that as the cities have grown larger, people must travel a long way to their place of work. Often the trip takes as much as two hourseach way. Thus they have very little time to enjoy their houses and yards.Therefore, during the last decades of the 20th century, some people became interested in moving back to the business areas of the cities. Many old buildings with businesses or factories on the first few floors have upper floors that are empty- Other old buildings are completely empty. Architects have been buying these buildings and changing them into attractive apartment buildings. Most have large comfortable rooms with big windows, which let in a lot of light. The apartments in these buildings are quickly bought by people who want to move back downtown. As one new apartment owner said, "I don't have a yard anymore, but I also don't have to sit in my car for over three hours a day. And there are nearby parks that I can visitnow that I have more time."。

unit-8-大学英语综合教程答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：BOOK 1 - Unit 8 - Language Focus - Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.1) The problem of air pollution in our city is very serious because ours is a big zone of both residential and [industrial] buildings.2) Average students who work hard usually do better than clever students who are [idle].3) When the camera [is functioning] properly, a green light comes on.4) The fundamental issue in the current debate is whether environmental lead contamination (环境铅污染) causes [intellectual] impairment (受损) in children.5) The girl, [scared] and trembling, stood in the doorway hiding from the man who had followed her.6) It is reported that no more than a [handful] of U.S. companies have been successful in the Japanese market.7) I've been doing the summer job for two months now. It would be a [luxury] to be able to have a day off.8) Clarence refused to comment on the state of his marriage, saying it is "a [private] matter."9) William [woke up] late and didn't get to work until ten o'clock.10) We agreed before we did the deal that we'd both take an equal [slice] of the profit.11) When you look at the state of his car it's a [miracle] that he wasn't killed!12) A week before the Spring Festival the telephone exchange [was jammed] with people wanting to book train tickets.2. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. The first part has been written for you.1) The rise in gas prices will probably have a serious effect on the cost of electricity. (affect) The cost of electricity is likely[to be seriously affected by the rise in gas prices].2) I couldn't care less whether you stay or leave. (indifference)Whether you stay or leave[is a matter of total indifference to me].3) The personnel manager of the company explained very clearly that they needed extra people. (drive home)The personnel manager of the company[drove home the point that they needed extra people].4) They found the missing will after a long hunt. (search for)The missing will[was found after they searched for it for a long time].5) There was no water left by the time they got to the camp. (run out of)They[had run out of water by the time they got to the camp].3. Complete the following, using the words or phrases in brackets. Make additions or changes where necessary.1) With the help of a bank loan, the company employed a group of skilled [manual] workers. New [and complex] products were developed and put on the market. As a result the company solved [its financial]problems. (financial, complex, manual)2) Philip [was very upset] to find it so hard to [make a living by] writing in the new country. He [swore] that he would give up his writing career and try some other job. To his delight, he [was much better off / became much better off] when he switched to teaching, and even had adequate money for a new car. (swear, upset, better off, make a living)3) The other day my friend John and I paid a visit to the museum of fine arts in our city. The museum had recently acquired a [handful] of original paintings by an American woman artist. [Ignorant of] art, I turned to John and asked how her works struck him. John replied that for him, her [paintings summed up / works summed up] the restless spirit of America. (ignorant, sum up, handful)BOOK 1 - Unit 8 - Language Focus - Words with Multiple Meanings Now write sentences of your own, using make and the given words.1. young man, $5, hour, in his summer job[The young man made $5 an hour in his summer job.]2. what, you, change your mind[What made you change your mind?]3. I'm sure, Jason, good lawyer[I'm sure Jason will make a good lawyer.]4. vet, put something, down the dog's throat, it, vomit (呕吐)[The vet put something down the dog's throat to make it vomit.]5. story, interesting reading[The story makes interesting reading.]6. five, and, five, ten[Five and five make ten.]7. on foot, they, can, only, about 20 miles, a day[On foot they can only make about 20 miles a day.]8. I don't think, she, ever, really, it, to the top[I don't think she'll ever really make it to the top.]BOOK 1 - Unit 8 - Language Focus - Word Family1. Study the following words. Then use them correctly in the sentences below.1) These drugs are effective in the [developing] stages of the disease.2) As children [develop], some of the most important things they learn have to do with their sense of self.3) The county government has taken various measures to encourage local economic [development].4) At school we're trying to teach young people to [develop] a sense of responsibility.5) A lot remains to be done to narrow the wide gap between the [developing] and [developed] countries across the world.BOOK 1 - Unit 8 - Language Focus - Comprehensive Exercises1. Complete the following passage with words chosen from the Words and Phrases to Drill box. Change the form where necessary.History provides many examples of the decline of great nations. The causes are [complex] (1), but one reason may simply be that wealthy parents tend to produce [idle] (2) children. Never having had to struggle to [make a living by] (3) hard work, they rely on the wealth [accumulated] (4) by their parents and grandparents to provide them with an easy life.Some Americans fear that this problem may [affect] (5) the future of their own country. An advanced economy needs educated workers if it is to [function] (6) properly, yet many young Americans are content to allow their intellectual [faculties] (7) to remain idle and seem unconcerned by how [ignorant](8) they are. However, if they are to hold their place in the world, they will have to be able to compete. To do so they will have to [wake up] (9) to the need for hard work, education, saving and discipline.2. Read the passage carefully until you have got its main idea, and then select one appropriate word for each gap from the box.Dear Mom and Dad,Everything is OK, well, almost everything —you see, I have a terrible headache aboutevery half hour. I've been having this headache ever since I jumped from my [dormitory] (1) during the fire. A fine-looking young man was [passing] (2) by my window when he saw the flames [leaping] (3) from the window. He was kind enough to call the fire [department] (4) and ambulance. Since my furniture was [burned] (5) up and my room [destroyed] (6), I have been staying at this young man's apartment. I thought [seriously] (7) about marrying him but I know how you feel about mixed [marriages](8).Mom and Dad —none of the above happened to me. I don't have a headache. There was not a fire in the dorm and I didn't meet a young man with whom I'm living.I'm writing this letter to tell you that I've just received my [report] (9) card. I have three D's and two F's. I just thought, if I put this in a different [perspective] (10), it would sound better!Y our Loving Daughter3. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in brackets.1) 没有个人档案，求职者很难指望受雇当老师。

新视界大学英语综合教程第八单元课文翻译及练习答案Active Reading警钟已经敲响了全世界的孩子们：你们好！新年快乐！我们又该敲响钟声辞旧迎新了！（估计你们还有人不知道“辞旧迎新”这种说法是怎么来的。

以前，每到除夕之夜，我们都会敲响教堂的钟，来告别过去，迎接未来。

）但是今年，我想与你们说说我对环境的一些忧虑。

我刚刚和我亲爱的老朋友圣诞老人聊天来着，他给你们送完了礼物，刚刚回到北极的家。

他告诉我，今年，他的一只驯鹿腿受伤了，差一点没能准时在圣诞节送出礼物。

那是春天的事了。

那时，冰层本来应该是很厚的，但事实上却比以往要薄很多，于是那只驯鹿差点掉进北冰洋。

圣诞老人还告诉我，他的北极熊朋友们不得不走到更远的地方去寻找结实的冰和雪，而北冰洋的鸟类迁徙的时间也与往常不一样了。

看来问题出在气候变化上。

全世界的科学家都已经意识到，我们为了取暖、降温和出行而使用的天然气、石油和煤炭会释放大量的二氧化碳到地球的大气层，从而导致太阳的热能积聚在大气层中，这就叫做温室效应。

温室效应又引起各种其他的变化，我们都知道，有的变化是糟糕透顶的。

所以，天气在变化。

雨不再是细雨，而是使海水泛滥、山洪暴发的狂风暴雨。

甚至一些国家（比如马尔代夫群岛）和大城市（例如纽约和伦敦）也受到了威胁。

而其他地方却因降雨量不足而庄稼干旱，所以有人就会挨饿。

我们最喜欢的一些动物，比如大象、老虎和狮子，也正在失去它们的家园。

不过，我们是可以做点什么让事情改观的。

要知道，这些科学家还说，我们可以用可再生资源来满足大多数能源需求，以此来与气候变化作斗争。

比如，我们可以使用风力涡轮来为房屋照明、取暖，为车辆提供电力。

圣诞老人很关心自己的航空里程，这不足为奇，因为他要把那么多的礼物送给你们这些孩子啊！但我们也找到了弥补的方法，他可以捐钱在巴西种一片森林以抵消他在圣诞前夜产生的二氧化碳。

因为新种的森林能够吸收同等数量的二氧化碳。

你要是坐飞机的话，或许也可以这样做？我们从哥本哈根环境峰会上得知，必须要减少二氧化碳的排放量才能增强气温的稳定性，使其变化范围保持在1.5-2 摄氏度之内。

Part 1Listening 1Ex1: 1) rocks 2) Yes 3) stones 4) not 5)sand 6) No 7) waterEx2: 1) time management business students 2) wide-mouthed produce at a time 3) dumped work themselves down 4) grabbed filled to the top illustration 5)eager beaver how full your schedule is fit some more things 6) get them in at allScript:One day an expert on the subject of time management was speaking to a group of business students and, to stress a point, used an illustration I'm sure those students will never forget. After I share it with you, you'll never forget it either.As this man stood in front of the group of high-powered overachievers, he said, "Ok, time for a quiz." He pulled out a large, wide-mouthed jar and set it on a table in front of him. Then he produced about a dozen fist-sized rocks and carefully placed them, one at a time, into the jar.When the jar was filled to the top and no more rocks would fit inside, he asked, "Is this jar full"Everyone in the class said, "Yes."Then he said, "Really" He reached under the table and pulled out a bag of little stones. Then he dumped some of them in and shook the jar causing the little stones to work themselves down into the spaces between the big he smiled and asked the group once more, "Is the jar full" By this time the class was onto him. "Probably not," one of them answered. "Good!" he replied. And he reached under the table and brought out a bag of sand. He started dumping the sand in and it went into all the spaces left between the rocks and the little stones. Once more he asked the question, "Is this jar full""No!" the class shouted. Once again he said, "Good!" Then he grabbed a bottle of water and began to pour it in until the jar was filled to the top. Then he looked up at the class and asked, "What is the point of this illustration"One eager beaver raised his hand and said, "The point is, no matter how full your schedule is, if you try really hard, you can always fit some more things into it!""No," the speaker replied, "that's not the point. The truth this illustration teaches us is: If you don't put the big rocks in first, you'll never get them in at all."Listening 2Ex1: B C A B D C B B A DEx2: F T F F TScripts:Throughout the day, energy rises and falls. At its peak, you're likely to perform 30 to 40 percent faster and more accurately, than at its lowest, says Lynne Lamberg. So by synchronizing your schedule with your natural energy supply ,it will help you use it more efficiently.She also says, alertness is highest and concentration the most between 9a.m. and early afternoon—the best time to crunch numbers or write a report. You should dive into the hardest tasks first, and your extend high-energy mornings with a late lunch. Many people are still going strong until 1 or 2 ., so why break the momentum During mid-afternoon, you might attend to some routine tasks, such as paying bills or sorting through a pile of junk mail. Work that involves physical activity, such as running down the hall to photocopy a memo, or talking to other people (that includes phone calls)—will keep your energy level from dropping way down.When full alertness returns—around 4 .—you might do a few small projects that give you a feeling of satisfaction and accomplishment. Send off an important letter. Or plan and prioritize for the next day.The dark side of your cycle is equally important: For daylong energy we need a good night's sleep. On average, Americans get about seven-and-one-half hours, although some need more and others get by on less. We 're getting enough sleep if we wake up without the help of an alarm clock and don't feel the urge to nap during the day.Listening 3Ex1: 1) London 2) What a wonderful Life 3) Globe 4) changes developments natural resources cities nuclear warEx2: T F T T FScript:(Do you feel depressed when you read newspapers Does the news always seem bad To many people it does, but not to Alexander Dubois, a French scientist living in London. Unlike many scientists, he believes that the world will be a better place in the future. His book, What a Wonderful Life, will be on sale, and Globe sent Reporter Catherine Brown to talk to him. Here is part of their conversation.) Catherine Brown: What changes will we see in the next few yearsAlexander Dubois:Today, work is the most important part of manypeople's lives. In the future, machines will do muchof our work. This means that we'll have more time tothink about how to live happily.Catherine Brown: What developments will there be in medical scienceAlexander Dubois:The day will come when we will eliminate killerdiseases such as diphtheria and typhoid. Also, therewill be fewer babies born with birth defects becausedoctors will be able to operate on children beforethey are born.Catherine Brown:And what about natural resources Will there be anadequate supply of coal, oil and gasAlexander Dubois:Of course! Research shows that there are sufficientresources for the next 20,000 years within onekilometer of the earth's surface.Catherine Brown:Will cities continue to grow and become more and moreovercrowdedAlexander Dubois:No, they won't. People will return to smallercommunities where they can really know theirneighbors and participate in community life.Catherine Brown: Aren't you worried about the possibility of nuclearwarAlexander Dubois: Yes, I am. I expect there will be a nuclear war in thefuture, but it won't end our world. Life willcontinue.Statements:1. Alexander Dubois holds an optimistic point of view for the world's future.2. Alexander Dubois believes that, people's jobs will play the most important partin their lives.3. Alexander Dubois thinks that,6 some defects in babies will be treated beforebirth.4. Alexander Dubois predicts that someday some people will move from big cities tosmaller communities.5. Alexander Dubois believes that a nuclear war can be the end of the world.Listening 4Ex1: e c b f a dEx2: 1)biased 2) unaware 3) success 4) fun 5)control 6) environment 7) flexibility 8)optimal 9)wings 10）exploreScripts:Professor Zimbardo: Time perspectives are easy to identify when people are making decisions. For some people, it’s only about what is in the immediate situation, what other people are doing, and what they are feeling. And those people, when they make their decision in that form, we’re going to call “present-oriented”, because their focus is what is now.Student A: Then maybe , I’m not ”present-oriented”. It seems what I care most is always what will be in the future.Professor Zimbardo: Yes. You might be among those ”future-oriented”. There focus is always about anticipated consequences. OK, anybody here who is neither “present-oriented” nor “future-oriented”Student B: Myself. I think neither of your description about this two time perspectives fits me well.Professor Zimbardo: Then you mast belong to the third type. We call them “pat-oriented”because they focus on what was. For them, both the present and the future are irrelevant. Thire decisions are based on past memories.Student B: That’s true, but sometimes, I just fell my time perspectives are a mixture.Professor Zimbardo: That’s very likely the case. There are actually six time perspectives: past-positive or past-negative; present-hedonistic or present-fatalist: future-oriented or transcendental future, as a matter of fact, these six time perspectives might coexist in a person. But they are biased in different situations. Either of them may rise to be the dominating one that influences us to make decisions. But we’re totally unaware.Student A: But do those perspectives show bias in their influence on human life,for example, positive or negativeProfessor Zimbardo: In a sense, that’s right. Any time perspective in excess has more negatives than positives, you know what those future-oriented people sacrificefor success. They sacrifice family time . they sacrifice friend time. They sacrifice fun time. And they sacrifice sleep. So it affects their health. And they live for work, achievement and control.Student B: Yes. That’s ture. We just never realized that before. But professor,do you think time perspective is something inherent or something we learnProfessor Zimbardo: People’s time perspectives result from the social environment and their life experiences, and they can be learned and be changed . That’s the last point I want to make today. one needs to develop the mental flexibility to shift time perspectives fluidly, depending on the demands of the situation; that’s what you’re got to learn to do. The optimal temporal mix is What you get from the past-positive gives you roots. What you get from the future is wings to soar to new destinations, new challenges. What you get from the present hedonism is energy, the energy to explore yourself, places, people, sensuality.Further ListeningListening 1Ex1: F F F F T T F TEx2: 1)friend 2) end 3) weeks 4)know 5)terrible 6)rang 7)younger 8)tired 9)game 10）make 11）show 12）thinking 13）distance 14）corner 15）telegram16）deserveScripts:Around the Cornerby Henson TowneAround the corner I have a friend,In this great city that has no end.Yet the days go by and weeks rush on,And before I know it, a year is gone.And I never see my old friend's face,For life is a swift and terrible race,He knows I like him just as well,As in the days when I rang his bell,And he rang mine.But we were younger then,And now we are busy, tired men.Tired of playing a foolish game,Tired of trying to make a name."Tomorrow," I say, "I will call on JimJust to show that I'm thinking of him."But tomorrow comes and tomorrow goes,And distance between us grows and grows.Around the corner! — yet miles away."Here's a telegram sir—Jim died today."And that's what we get and deserve in the end.Around the corner , a vanished friend.Listening 2Ex1: 1)clocks 2) promptness efficiency 3) impatient 4) household appliances save time 5)control miss avoidEx2: F T F F FScript:Almost every American wears a watch, and in nearly every room in an American home, there's a clock. "Be on time." "Don't waste time." "Time is money." "Time waitsfor no one." All of these familiar sayings reflect the American obsession with promptness and efficiency. Students and employees displease their teachers and bosses when they arrive late. This desire to get the most out of every minute often affects behavior, making Americans impatient when they have to wait. The pressureto make every moment count sometimes makes it difficult for Americans to relax anddo nothing.The desire to save time and handle work efficiently also leads Americans to buy many kinds of machines. These range from household appliances to equipment for the office such as calculators, photocopy machines and computers. One popular machineis the videocassette recorder, which gives Americans a new kind of control over time. Fans of professional football don't have to miss the Sunday afternoon game on TV because of a birthday party. They simply videotape it and watch the game in the evening. What's more, they can actual save time by fast-forwarding through all the sales ads and commercials shown during te game. So a game, seen later on, might only last hours.Listening 3Ex1: A B A B DEx2: 1)pessimistic 2)doubled 3)coal 4)chickens 5) artificial6)well-designed7)fresher 8)leading 9)unnecessaryScript:What will life be like 100 years from now Some experts are optimistic; others,far more pessimistic. They think that by then the population will have doubled. Wewill have run out of essential materials, like oil and coal. We may even have run out of water to drink. They believe that we will be living like chickens- living in little boxes, and eating artificial food.But those who are more optimistic say that life in the future will be much better than it is today. We may be living in well-designed , systematic communities. We may be getting more sunlight, breathing fresher air, living in a better environment and leading far more pleasant lives than we are today.Life will certainly have become far more mechanized by the year 2100. It may even have become too mechanized. Mechanization has already caused quite a few problems and will cause still more. For example, many jobs will have been “automated”. People will no longer be able to learn only one job in their lifetime. Many of the jobs that young people are doing today will have become unnecessary by the time they are 40.Questions:1. What can definitely be said of life in the next century2. What does "many jobs will be 'automated'" mean according to the passage3. What will the influence of automation be upon people in terms of employment4. Is there any possibility hat some jobs will disappear in decades from now Why or why not5. What would the future job market look likeListening 4Ex1: F T T F FEx2: 1) Because they could have a large house and yard there2) The cities have grown larger3) During the last 10 or 15 years of the 20th century4) Because they want to change them into apartment buildings5) It saves people time for traveling back and forthScript:Starting in the early 1900s, many Americans living and working in large cities moved to the suburbs. They wanted to live where they could have a large house and yard, instead of a small apartment with no yard. The problem that this has brought is that as the cities have grown larger, people must travel a long way to their place of work. Often the trip takes as much as two hours each way. Thus they have very little time to enjoy their houses and yards.Therefore, during the last decades of the 20th century, some people became interested in moving back to the business areas of the cities. Many old buildings with businesses or factories on the first few floors have upper floors that are empty- Other old buildings are completely empty. Architects have been buying these buildings and changing them into attractive apartment buildings. Most have large comfortable rooms with big windows, which let in a lot of light. The apartments in these buildings are quickly bought by people who want to move back downtown. As one new apartment owner said, "I don't have a yard anymore, but I also don't have to sit in my car for over three hours a day. And there are nearby parks that I can visitnow that I have more time."。