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⾼中英语必修五-unit1课⽂详解必修五 Unit 1 Great Scientists 伟⼤的科学家steam engine 蒸汽机characteristic n.特征；特性radium n.镭put forward 提出theory n。
理论；学说infect vt.传染；感染infectious adj.传染的cholera n.霍乱scientific adj.科学的examine vt.检查；诊察；考察conclude vt. & vi.结束；结论；议定conclusion n.结论；结束；议定draw a conclusion得出结论analyse vt.分析repeat vi & vt.重复；重做n.defeat vt. N.打败；战胜；使受挫attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加expose vt.(与to连⽤)暴露；揭露；使曝光deadly adj.致命的cure n. vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗outbreak n.爆发；发作（疾病或战争）control vt.& n.控制；⽀配absorb vt.吸收；使专⼼severe adj.严重的；严厉的；严格的；剧烈的valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的clue n.线索；提⽰pump n.泵；抽⽔机pub n.酒馆；酒吧blame vt.责备；谴责；把…归咎于；n.过失；责备immediately adv.⽴即；马上handle n.柄；把⼿； vt.处理germ n.微⽣物；细菌addition n.加；增加；加法in addition也；另外link vt.连接；联系 n.联系；环link…to…将…和…连接或联系起来announce vt.宣布；通告certainty n.确知；确信；确实instruct vt.命令；指⽰；教导virus n.病毒construction n.建设；结构；建筑物apart from 除…之外；此外creative adj.有创造⼒的；独创的co-operative adj.合作的positive adj.积极的；肯定的be strict with对…严格的revolutionary adj.⾰命的calculation n.计算；计算结果lead to通向；导致movement n。
1.必修五Unit 1 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personalphysician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。
This was the deadly disease of its day.霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
So many thousands of terrified people diedevery time there was an outbreak.每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。
John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。
He knew that cholera would never be controlled until itscause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。
![[课件]高二英语人教版必修5课件：unit 1 reading](https://img.taocdn.com/s1/m/7bc8ea9f6edb6f1afe001f82.png)
新高考新课标人教版高二英语人教版必修5Unit1 单元教材分析、精品教案、词汇名师学案（优教精编版）Unit1 单元教材分析一、单元教学目标二、目标语言instruct, virus, construction, contribute, positive, strict, movement, god,backward, complete, spin, enthusiastic, cautious, reject, view2．认读词汇infect, infectious, cholera, deadly, outbreak, clue, Cambridge, germ,certainty, creative, cooperative, Nicolas Copernicus, revolutionary, calculation, loop, privately, bright-ness, persuasive, logical3．词组put forward, make a conclusion, in addition, link ... to ..., apart from, bestrict with, lead to, make sense, point of view, expose to, absorb into, beto blame, physical characteristic三、教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元主要话题是How to organize scientific research。
旨在通过本单元的教学培养学生探究科学、崇尚科学的精神和正确的科学观；帮助学生了解科学的本质和科学家的特质，使学生懂得科学探究的基本步骤和要素；指导学生如何对科学家及其所从事的科研工作进行描述、发表看法，并针对自己的个性特征和兴趣专长，畅谈个人的职业志向和人生规划。
1.1 Warming Up 通过问答形式使学生回顾不同领域不同时代的10位科学家，了解他们对人类的贡献及其成果。
高中英语必修5第一单元课件篇一：高中英语必修5第一单元重点高中英语必修5第一单元重点、难点 Unit One Great scientists1、Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?(p1)那位科学家发现水中有一种力量能帮助物体漂浮？Discover 用法归纳(1)发现某东西 Columbus discovered America in 1492. 1492年哥伦布发现美洲大陆。
Do you know who discovered electricity? 你知道是谁发现电吗？(2)发现某情况A. 跟从句She discovered that he was excited. 她发现他很激动。
It was never discovered how he died. 永远也没发现他是怎么死的。
B. 跟名词或代词We soon discovered the truth. 我们很快就发现了真相。
He discovered his mistake too late. 他发现他的错误太迟了。
C. + O + OCEntering the room, I discovered him sitting near the fire, reading.一进房子，我发现他坐在火边看书。
We discovered her to be a good cook. 我们发现她是个好厨师。
特别提示：discover后的宾语补足语多用doing或to be结构。
【小试】：1. So far nobody has claimed the money in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered2. There were many talented actors A. to discover B.to be discovered C. discovered D. being discovered Key: ①A ②B2、Who put forward a theory about black holes?(p1) 谁提出了有关黑洞的原理？put forward( 1 ) 提出 Are you serious in putting forward such an idea? 提出这样的一个想法你不是认真的吧？( 2 ) 推荐；提名May I put your name forward as a possible monitor?( 3 ) 提前；拨快The warm weather has put the crops forward by a month. Put the clock forward by ten minutes.3、Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?(p1)你知道在一项科学实验中怎样来证明一个新观点吗？ prove vt. & vi.用法归纳：（1）证明；证实(vt.)A. + n. / pron. He proved his courage in battles. 他在战斗中证实了他的勇敢。
必修5 Unit1 Great scientistsPart 1. Warming up1.explain及物动词（vt.）解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不及物动词（vi.）解释;说明;辩解I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。
2.characteristicn. 特征；特性Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward 提出（建议等）；提名;提前，把时钟往前拨He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席？[归纳拓展]put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期put up 建造；举起；张贴put on 穿上put away 收好选词填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out）①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful.②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road.③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center.④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day.⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today.Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific researchhow to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
必修五第一单元课文详解
约翰·斯洛击败“霍乱王”
JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”
John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.
约翰·斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚
女王的私人医生。
但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。
霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗
方法。
每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。
约翰·斯洛想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。
他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The
first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.
斯洛对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。
一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气
中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。
第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。
病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，
患者就会很快地死去。
John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets,
the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
斯洛推测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。
因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰·斯洛着手准备对此进行调研。
当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延
的时候，约翰·斯洛就开始收集资料。
他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严
重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。
他决心要查明其原因。
First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20
and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed
that the water was to blame.
首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。
这提供了一条说明霍乱
起因的很有价值的线索。
许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。
他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。
他以前没预料到这种情况，所有他决定深入调查。
他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。
看来水是罪魁祸首。
Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas
接下来，约翰·斯洛调查了这两条街的水源情况。
他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。
他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的
把手。
这样，水泵就用不成了。
不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。
他证明了，他证明
了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。
In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.
在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现
了有力的证据。
有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。
她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。
有了这个特别的证据，约翰·斯洛就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病
菌。
To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.
为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯洛建议所有水源都要经过检测。
自来水
公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。
最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。
