《远大前程》英文赏析教学文案

An Analysis of the Character PipPip is a character of the novel Great Expectations which is written by Charles Dickens. He is the most popular English novelist of the Victorian era, and one of the most popular of all time.He has many masterpieces, such as A tale of cities, David Copperfield, Hard time, Oliver Twist and so on. Great Expectations is one of his masterpieces. The story in this book happened in middle of 19 century and it reflects the gap between the rich and the poor in the capitalistic society.Pip is the main character of this book and through the story of him we can get the theme of the book. After reading this book, in my opinion, Pip is a kind and ambitious man. In the beginning, I know Pip is a poor child. He lives in a small village with his sister and Joe Garage. His parents died when he was a baby. So Pip is really poor. Then he saves Magwitch who is a convict. In the end, Magwitch gives Pip the great expectations by sending Pip to London and letting him receive a good education. I think it’s suggesting that Pip is helpful and kind to others. In the book, there are a lot of things that tell me it. For examples, in chapter 20, Pip plans to help Herbert because both of them spend too much money and Herbert can hardly afford it. Then Pip arranges to invest some money in a shipping company called Clarrikers and this company promises to make Herbert a partner of it. But Pip has to ask Miss Havisham for help since he has no money to help Herbert. Except for this thing, Pip also forgives Miss Havisham and saves her from a fire. All of these things show that Pip is a good and tolerant man.Actually, I didn’t want to continue reading the book when I read the chapter 13. In this chapter, Pip knows that somebody is to give him the great expectations and he will go to London to get the good education. Then he becomes overconfident and unfriendly to Joe and Biddy. I am really angry with it and even I don’t want to continue reading. But I know it will not be allowed and it’s too childish indeed. So, I am going on. In next chapters, I find other things likethis. In the chapter 16, Pip receives a letter from Biddy and it says Joe will come here. In general, when old friends give a visit to ours, we will be happy. But Pip concerns about Joe’ coming. And when Joe comes here, Pip is unfriendly to him. So, I think Pip also has bad aspects of his character.At last, I think Pip is also faithful to love. When Pip comes to Miss Havisham’s home and meets Estella, he fells in love with her. And then he changes his attitude to life. He wants to be a gentleman and get Miss Havisham’s admiration. In this way he can make Estella love him and finally marry her.These three points are my understanding of Pip. Anyhow, it’s a book to worth reading.。

远大前程英文原版结尾After finishing the English original version of "Great Expectations," the last few pages really hit me hard. It's such a powerful ending that leaves you with a mix of emotions. I couldn't help but feel a sense of closure and satisfaction for Pip, yet also a tinge of sadness for Miss Havisham and Estella.看完《远大前程》的英文原著，最后几页真的让我感动不已。

这样强烈的结局让我心情复杂。

我不禁为皮普感到一种了结和满足，但同时也为海瑟姆夫人和艾丝黛拉感到一丝悲伤。

As Pip finally comes to terms with his past and accepts himself, it's a cathartic moment for the reader as well. We've followed Pip's journey from a young, impressionable boy to a more mature, self-aware man, and seeing him find peace within himself is incredibly gratifying. The growth he undergoes throughout the novel is truly remarkable.当皮普最终面对过去并接受自己的时候，这对读者来说也是一种宣泄。

我们一路跟随皮普从一个年幼、易受影响的男孩到一个更加成熟、自我意识更强的男子汉，看到他在自己内心找到平静是非常令人满足的。

GreatExpectations远大前程导读（过脑不忘单词教研组荣誉出品）社会上有些人或许会认为有了财富，自然也就会有了一切，因为他们认为钱是万能的。

但《远大前程》告诉我们，金钱虽然满足了他的虚荣，满足了他的物欲，却无法获得艾丝黛拉对他的真爱；他即使成为了所谓的“绅士”而参加各种欢愉的活动，心中却因缺少了亲人对他的关爱而麻木不仁。

所以金钱买不来真情，也买不来快乐。

珍视已经拥有的命运的玄妙一无所有后的匹普才明白了这个道理，于是捡起了他那颗纯真善良的心，乡村虽是简陋，但却是最简单幸福的生活。

正如孔子那句话一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷。

人不堪其忧，贤哉！一颗纯真质朴的心，在拜金狂潮中愈是能体现出人性的最美好，最动人的一面。

或许这些不能给我们带来享受奢靡的生活或是尊崇的社会地位，但它能使生活回归最简单的快乐。

而善良的本质，恰恰是生活中最为珍贵的财富。

珍视已经拥有的命运的玄妙ThanksForYourAttention谢谢大家远大前程导读过脑不忘单词教研组荣誉出品Contents目录01简介02人物性格分析03经典情节04启示与感想SmallTitleHere{一.简介}狄更斯，英国著名作家{简介}A{作者生平}理想主义、浪漫主义反思和批判精神C晚期作品，抑郁增强，乐观削弱；更具现实性和警示性{《远大前程》}B一生创作丰富，关注英国社会底层，反映英国复杂的社会现实{创作情况}D{故事简介}匹普经不起诱惑丧失淳朴，历经磨难才悔悟，重新生活简介作者生平查尔斯·狄更斯，全名查尔斯·约翰·赫法姆·狄更斯（CharlesJohnHuffamDickens，1812年2月7日—1870年6月9日），英国作家。

狄更斯1812年2月7日生于朴次茅斯市郊，出生于海军小职员家庭，童年非常幸福，生活在富裕的中产阶级家庭中。

少年时（10岁）因家庭生活窘迫，只能断断续续入校求学。

后被迫到工场做童工。

远大前程英文摘抄"Far future" is a famous novel written by Lu Xun, a prominent Chinese writer in the 20th century. It tells the story of a young man named Cheng Mazhen who struggles to navigate through the complexities of life in early 20th century China. The novel touches upon themes of capitalism, traditional Chinese values, and the struggle for personal freedom. Through the protagonist's journey, readers are exposed to the harsh realities of a society undergoing rapid modernization.《远大前程》是著名作家鲁迅创作于20世纪的一部著作。

小说讲述了一个名叫程马镇的年轻人在20世纪初中国社会中努力生存的故事。

小说涉及到资本主义、传统价值观以及个人自由的挣扎。

通过主人公的旅程，读者们看到了一个正在快速现代化的社会所面临的严峻现实。

The novel is set against the backdrop of a rapidly changing China, where old traditions clash with new ideas. Cheng Mazhen is caught in between these conflicting forces, torn between his desire for personal fulfillment and the expectations of society. He is a symbol of the struggles faced by many young people during this period ofsocial transition, as they grapple with the complexities of a changing world.小说背景设置在一个快速变化的中国，传统与新思想发生冲突。

远大前程好词好句中英文对照60句示例文章篇一：《远大前程》好词好句中英文对照60句《远大前程》是一本超级棒的书呢！书里有好多特别精彩的词句，今天我就来给大家分享60句好词好句的中英文对照。

先来说说好词吧。

“bleak”，这个词的意思是“阴冷的；荒凉的”，就像冬天里那种没有生机的荒野，冷飕飕的，让人觉得很孤单。

比如说在书里描写到某个古老的房子外面的景色时可能就会用到这个词，“The old house stood in a bleak landscape.”（那座老房子坐落在一片荒凉的景色之中。

）“haughty”，是“傲慢的；高傲的”的意思。

就好像班上有个同学，老是觉得自己了不起，看别人都是用那种高高在上的眼神，就可以说“He has a haughty look.”（他有一副傲慢的神情。

）“solemn”，表示“庄严的；严肃的”。

想象一下升国旗的时候，那种很庄重的氛围，就可以说“The flag - raising ceremony was a solemn occasion.”（升旗仪式是一个庄严的场合。

）“melancholy”，这个词描绘的是“忧郁的；悲哀的”情绪。

就像是下雨天，自己一个人待着，心里有种说不出的难过，“She had a melancholy look in her eyes.”（她眼中有一种忧郁的神情。

）“ardent”，意思是“热情的；热烈的”。

就像我们对自己喜欢的东西那种充满热情的感觉。

比如“I have an ardent love for reading.”（我对阅读有着热烈的爱。

）再来说说那些特别精彩的好句。

“Great expectations”（远大前程）这本身就是一个很有深意的短语。

就像我们每个人心中都有一个美好的未来的梦想，那种对未来充满期待的感觉。

“All other swindlers upon earth are nothing to the self - swindlers.”（世界上所有的骗子都比不上自欺欺人的人。

远大前程英文经典段落《远大前程》又译《孤星血泪》，作者透过剧中孤儿的跌宕起落，表达他对生命和人性的看法。

下面店铺为大家带来远大前程英文经典段落，欢迎大家阅读!远大前程英文经典段落1He was a secret-looking man whom I had never seen before. His head was all on one side, and one of his eyes was half shut up, as if he were taking aim at something with an invisible gun. He had a pipe in his mouth, and he took it out, and, after slowly blowing all his smoke away and looking hard at me all the time, nodded. So, I nodded, and then he nodded again, and made room on the settle beside him that I might sit down there.远大前程英文经典段落2However, go to Miss Havisham's I must, and go I did. And behold! nothing came of the late struggle. It was not alluded to in any way, and no pale young gentleman was to be discovered on the premises. I found the same gate open, and I explored the garden, and even looked in at the windows of the detached house; but, my view was suddenly stopped by the closed shutters within, and all was lifeless. Only in the corner where the combat had taken place, could I detect any evidence of the young gentleman's existence. There were traces of his gore in that spot, and I covered them with garden-mould from the eye of man.远大前程英文经典段落3For such reasons I was very glad when ten o'clock came and we started for Miss Havisham's; though I was not at all at my ease regarding the manner in which I should acquit myself under that lady's roof. Within a quarter of an hour we came to Miss Havisham's house, which was of old brick, and dismal, and had agreat many iron bars to it. Some of the windows had been walled up; of those that remained, all the lower were rustily barred. There was a court-yard in front, and that was barred; so, we had to wait, after ringing the bell, until some one should come to open it. While we waited at the gate, I peeped in (even then Mr Pumblechook said, `And fourteen?' but I pretended not to hear him), and saw that at the side of house there was a large brewery. No brewing was going on in it, and none seemed to have gone on for a long long time.远大前程英文经典段落4AT the time when I stood in the churchyard, reading the family tombstones, I had just enough learning to be able to spell them out. My construction even of their simple meaning was not very correct, for I read `wife of the Above' as a complimentary reference to my father's exaltation to a better world; and if any one of my deceased relations had been referred to as `Below,' I have no doubt I should have formed the worst opinions of that member of the family. Neither, were my notions of the theological positions to which my Catechism bound me, at all accurate; for, I have a lively remembrance that I supposed my declaration that I was to `walk in the same all the days of my life,' laid me under an obligation always to go through the village from our house in one particular direction, and never to vary it by turning down by the wheelwright's or up by the mill.远大前程英文经典段落5As the night was fast falling, and as the moon, being past the full, would not rise early,we held a little council: a short one, for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern we could find. So, they plied their oars once more, and I looked out for anything like a house. Thus we held on, speaking little, for fouror five dull miles. It was very cold, and, a collier coming by us, with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring, looked like a comfortable home. The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning; and what light we had, seemed to come more from the river than the sky, as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.天黑得很快，偏巧这天又是下弦月，月亮不会很早升起。

1. What significance does the novel’s title, Great Expectations, have for the story? In what ways does Pip have “great expectations”?2. For much of Great Expectations, Pip seems to believe in a stark division between good and evil, and he tends to classify people and situations as belonging to one extreme or the other: for instance, despite their respective complexities, he believes that Estella is good and the convict is evil. Yet, both socially and morally, Pip himself is often caught between extremes; his own situation rarely matches up to his moral vision. What is the role of moral extremes in this novel? What does it mean to be ambiguous or caught between extremes?For much of Great Expectations, Pip seems to believe in a stark division between good and evil, and he tends to classify people and situations as belonging to one extreme or the other: for instance, despite their respective complexities, he believes that Estella is good and the convict is evil. Yet, both socially and morally, Pip himself is often caught between extremes; his own situation rarely matches up to his moral vision. What is the role of moral extremes in this novel? What does it mean to be ambiguous or caught between extremes?his great expectation to raise his status and improve himself.Pip expects himself to become a gentleman. In doing so, he hopes to be wealthy, scholarly, mannerly, and deserving of Estella's love and admiration.In another sense, others place great expectations upon Pip. Magwitch sponsors Pip's education in London because he expects Pip to learn to be a better gentleman than Compeyson who was born a gentleman. Likewise, Joe has great expectations for Pip because he tries to raise him to be hard working and kind. Biddy, at first, expects Pip to be able to do great things with his intelligence, until she sees him begin influenced by Miss Havisham and Estella.Other characters in the book have expectations for Pip, but not necessarily "great" or "good" ones for the innocent protagonist.1. Pip: In Ch18, Jaggers announces,`I am instructed to communicate to him,' said Mr Jaggers, throwing his finger at me sideways, `that he will come into a handsome property. Further, that it is the desire of the present possessor of that property, that he be immediately removed from his present sphere of life and from this place, and be brought up as a gentleman -- in a word, as a young fellow of great expectations.'Pip mistakenly believes that it is Miss Havisham who has decided to transform him into a gentleman so that he will be able to marry Estella (Ch. 38). This is the source of all of Pip's problems and when he realises who his real benefactor is in Ch.39 he is too stunned to react:I could not have spoken one word, though it had been to save my life. I stood, witha hand on the chair-back and a hand on my breast, where I seemed to be suffocating -- I stood so, looking wildly at him, until I grasped at the chair, when the room began to surge and turn.The title of Dickens' novel "Great Expectations" is so obviously ironic. Pip's so called 'expectations' are exposed as being so empty and futile when he realizes that its a convict who has been providing for him so that he could pass off superficially as a'gentleman' and that he has actually been infatuated all these years with a murderess' [Molly] daughter!This was Dickens' original purpose in writing the novel. In a letter to his official biographer John Forster in October 1860 Dickens remarks about the "tragi-comic conception" of the novel. We are able to readily sympathize with Pip's 'expectations' not being fulfilled because all of us have high hopes and 'great expectations' which are often never fulfilled.To underscore this general feeling and theme of 'unfulfillment of great expectations' other characters in the novel also have 'great expectations' which are not fulfilled: 1. Miss Havisham has 'great expectations' of marrying Compeyson which are not fulfilled. In her bitterness in Ch. 11 she tells Pip who visits her on her birthday that she 'expects' to die on her birthday and hopes that by doing so an eternal curse will be laid upon Compeyson:`When the ruin is complete,' said she, with a ghastly look, `and when they lay me dead, in my bride's dress on the bride's table -- which shall be done, and which will be the finished curse upon him -- so much the better if it is done on this day!'But these "expectations" of hers are also not fulfilled (Chs. 49, 54).2. All the relations of Miss Havisham have "great expectations" of receiving a lot of money after her death which as 'expected' are not fulfilled (Ch.57).3. Similarly in Ch.9 soon after Pip has returned from his first visit to Miss Havisham's house, his sister and Pumblechook have their own 'expectations,' which are never fulfilled:while they sat debating what results would come to me from Miss Havisham's acquaintance and favour. They had no doubt that Miss Havisham would `do something' for me; their doubts related to the form that something would take. My sister stood out for `property.' Mr Pumblechook was in favour of a handsome premium for binding me apprentice to some genteel trade -- say, the corn and seed trade, for instance. Joe fell into the deepest disgrace with both, for offering the bright suggestion that I might only be presented with one of the dogs who had fought for the veal-cutlets. `If a fool's head can't express better opinions than that,' said my sister, `and you have got any work to do, you had better go and do it.' So he went.3) Many of the characters other than Pip have their own expectations as well. Discuss both Herbert Pocket and Pip's expectatons. Compare and contrast.Your browser does not support the IFRAME tag.Comments from readers:Herbert's expectations are different to Pips in that he does not raise his expectations, like Pip does. He wants simple things, like for Clara to marry him; a good life; no complications or distractions.How about the irony of the title?Who expects what in Great Expectation s? Are the expectations really "great"?Pip is the main character that has expectations in this novel. After he meets Miss Havisham and Estella, he becomes discontented with his station in life. Estella describes his hands as "rough," and her learning and beauty intimidates him. He realizes, for the first time, that there could be other things out there in the world, and he aspires to them. He is embarassed by his lowly station. He develops expectations in regards to his life; he wants to rise above his circumstances and become a gentleman. The expectations refer to both money, and his station in life. They are tied together, hand-in-hand. His expectations are also tied to Estella herself--he feels that if he can rise to her expectations of what a gentleman should be, then he can have her love. He expects to be with her, to marry her, and to love her. He expects to earn her love in return through raising his own station in life. Pipfeels that if he can't have these things, he can't be happy; happiness is his end goal, and he feels that he knows how to attain it.Upon the receipt of money, Pip does indeed step into circumstances that allow him to become educated, refined, and a "gentleman." However, he learns that those things that he had been expecting were not that great after all. Having money alienates him from his true friends and family, brings out people who want to take advantage of him, and doesn't, in the end, get him Estella. Pip thought that money could help him to attain his expectations of happiness, but they didn't. If happiness is indeed the end goal, Dickens asserts that money is not the way to get it.I hope that those thoughts helped; good luck!At the beginning of the book, Pip does not have many expectations. He expects to be a blacksmith like Joe since that is what is available to him. However, his encounter in the graveyard with the convict changes things. He promises to bring food, a file, etc. and not to tell what he's seen. He keeps his promise, and then suddenly he is told he has a sort of trust fund. This will allow him to go to the city, become educated, work in a business that doesn't leave him covered in ashes and soot, and dress like a gentleman. He is able to live with dignity--even though Joe's tenderness and ability to connect with people prove to be more dignified than what Pip becomes as a man of means.A "young fellow of great expectations" simply means he has the money to do something more than what was originally planned for him. He has risen a rung or two on the social ladder.The reason Charles Dickens titled it so was because Pip had had a hard life in so short a lifetime, and when he supposedly came into good fortune, he had high hopes of a better life--an education, a good home, plenty to eat, nice clothes to wear. But the greatest hope of all was the love of Estella, who spurned him constantly. It was always his greatest dream that she could love him and in the end, after much suffering, she final I would say that Pip gets some of his great expectation, but not all of it.The main part of Pip's great expectation is that he will become a gentleman and a man with money. This part of his expectation comes true as he becomes much more (economically and socially) than he was at the start of the book.However, Pip does not get this in the way he expects. He gets it because of the help of a convict, not Miss Havisham.In addition, Pip does not get Estella the way he thinks he will at the beginning of the book. He starts out thinking they will marry, but that does not happen.ly did.When they first meet, Estella treats Pip horribly. She makes fun of his appearance, his stature (social status) and how he speaks. She mentions his clothing and his thick-soled shoes. She repeats the phrase "common boy" when referring to him or even speaking directly to him. Then she teases him for calling the Jacks (in a deck of cards) Knaves.In fact, she seems eager to make him cry. Miss Havisham raised her to be cruel and reject any form of love. She herself was never taught to love or how to feel loved. So her first encounter and many more after that with Pip are all very hard on him. He so badly wants to win her over, only to finally realize that she will never have him.The moral theme of “Great Expectations” is very basic. It is an old moral theme that has been around as long as man has walked on this earth. Pip, and the reader, learns that affection, loyalty, and conscience are more important than social advancement, wealth, and class. Charles Dickens creates this theme and the novel isbased on Pip learning this very lesson. Pip spends the novel exploring ideas of ambition and self-improvement. Pip is an idealist and if he can think it up, and if it is better than what he has, he wants it. When he first sees Satis House, he decides he wants to be a wealthy gentleman; when he thinks of his immorality, he tries to be better; when he realizes that he cannot read, he longs to learn how. Pip's desire for self-improvement creates “great expectations” about his future.There are many moral lessons in this novel. The main one is that wealth cannot bring happiness. and that appearances can misrepresent reality. When Pip visit the Satis House, everything contradicts what Pip's definition of rich. It is a worn-old house and sunshine never comes in the house. Estella has been raised to led an unhappy life, cruel and incapable of love. In later chapters, Pip will meet a convict, Magwitch. During that time, convicts are regard as being bad. However, Magwith turns out to be a compassionate man who works hard to give "expectations" to Pip in return for his kindness Pip shown when Pip give food to him many years ago.In Pip, the reader sees several of the themes of the novel: obsession, desire, greed, guilt, ambition, wealth, and good and evil. Pip leaves his state of childish innocence and "grace" and descends into sin on his quest to gain his desires. He wants it all and he wants no costs. Yet Dickens does not make him totally bad, instead leaving the truly good qualities asleep underneath. They surface as his guilt over his snobbery to Joe and Biddy, over dragging Herbert into debt, and about trading Joe for a convict's money. Even during his worst moments, Pip manages to show some good, as, for example, when he sets Herbert up in business. His road back to grace starts when Magwitch reveals himself as the source of Pip's rise in social stature. The irony that the source of his gentility is from a creature more socially detestable than the uneducated Joe is not lost on Pip. It is the slap in the face that brings Pip out of the fantasy world he has been living in. His dream has suddenly been seen in the light of day, and now he knows what it has cost him.Pip, brought up by his sister “by hand”, is a poor but kind o rphan with a sensitive and timid heart of tenderness. One arranged trip to Satis House makes great changes in Pip, which forges the first memorable link on the long chain of his life. Since then, his dignity is tramped and his heart is attracted by Estella, the adopted daughter of Miss Havisham (the owner of Satis house), who is marvelously charming, completely attractive and terribly arrogant. In Pip’s eye, she is well educated and noble, while Pip himself is poor and coarse. Therefore, in Pip’s mind, a g reat expectation to be higher and richer is necessarily needed to stuff the great gap existed there as the stumbling block of his romantic desire and the shameful source of humbleness. By accident, supported by a man unexpected and unknown, he is able to l ive in London as a gentleman. However, all these promising points don’t promise him a fulfillment of his expectation. Finally, waking up from dreams and reality of mistakes, he only finds his burning affections receive nothing but pains, his life in London gives him no more than a habit of squandering money and a lot of debt, and a piece of guilty to Joe for his moral depravation./k expectation as gloomy and frustrating. There are both inner factors and reasons from the outside. This passage will try to discovery them.Pip’s first trip to Satis House is memorable to him. It leaves many heavy and dark marks in his young soul of nothingness, as well as numerous influences on his life that lasts long and affects him deeply. This trip opens his mind to the knowledge of another living different from his. The former is richness and nobleness; while the latter of his own is poverty and humbleness. He gets a glimpse of the richness beyond poverty, and suffers disdain from the noble. And his actual experience that he, as a symbol of poverty, is terribly trampled by Estella, the emblem of richness, leads him into an unhealthy morality that poverty is a state to be despised andhumbleness is a natural product before richness. Therefore, he falls into Estella’s way of thinking and implants it into his mind. This imparts a fresh belittling opinion (actually one kind of pure prejudice) on what he is and what he has. Just like Estella’s despising words, he also despises himself as a common boy with “coarse hands and thick b oots”, and regards his life as a low—lived, bad way. He “began at heart to hate his trade and to be ashamed of his home”, (P101) and even extends this kind of hate to Mr. Joe (his best companion and supporter) by wondering whyhe is not a gentleman.Basically, it is not his poverty that makes him humble, but his newly developed morality attaches prejudice to poverty. He looks down upon himself because hismind has been richness-orientated while his body is still in poverty. From then on, He has been in the way that Estella thinks, and tries best to be in the way that Estella lives. From then on, he feels humble, and tries best to displace this feeling of humbleness with another feeling of superiority from richness.With this imitated way of thinking implanted in mind, Pip, of course, wants to change all of these, to stave off any trace of poverty and to establish himself as a gentleman. Here his hate and belittling himself just due to poverty, as well as his expectation to be out of poverty and into richness avails us of a clear and close look into his inner mind: to be poor is to be humble, while to command money is to command superiority.Moreover, his rejection of what he is and what he has is also a negation of himself, is also a producer of inferiority and a killer of confidence. Therefore, the more he cares about his poverty and coarseness, the more inferior and less confident he is. That’s why when he stands before Estella, firstly he feels shy and humble, and later is humble enough to fell submissive to her and trembles nervously. The once poverty in body labels poverty in mind for all. And the lack of confidence and the obsession of inferiority lead to the deadly shortage of the key mental support for his expectation. It’s hard to imagine or believe that a heart of weakness can make its expectation fulfilled. In this sense, Pip’s expectation to be higher and richer is also a mental process to make himself more inferior and less confident. On one hand, he shapes a dream to be higher, while on the other, he gradually slips into mental impotence. On one hand, his dream becomes bigger, on the other, his heart gets weaker. Therefore, under these values, his expectation is an external self—improvement, while his feeling inferior is nothing but internal self—destruction. He unconsciously and inevitably sows the seeds of self-destruction at the very beginning of his self-improvement.In a word, darkness brings people a pair of dark eyes to search for light, while poverty renders Pip a pair of poor eyes to be little himself. Life, besides status, entails so many other aspects. But Pip, just for his poverty, negates what he is and despises what he has completely. He regards poverty as enemy, and at the same time he glorifies the richness, putting them separately o n the two extremes of life’ value, with one in the hell, the other in the heaven. And his soul is just wandering between the hell and the heaven. Virtually, these values to abhor poverty seriouslyon one hand and to consecrate richness on the other is a kind of unbalance, is a distortion of reality. And accordingly leads Pip’s mind into a status of unbalance and distortion.who treats him coldly and contemptuouslytremendous grief and remorse. Several years go by, until one night a familiar figure barges i nto Pip’s room—the convict, Magwitch, who stuns Pip by announcing that he, not Miss Havisham, is the source of Pip’s fortune. He tells Pip that he was so movedby Pip’s boyhood kindness that he dedicated his life to making Pip a gentleman, and he made a fortune in Australia for that very purpose.Pip is appalled, but he feels morally bound to help Magwitch escape London, as the convict is pursued both by the police and by Compeyson, his former partner in crime. Pip’s idealism often leads him to perceive the world rather narrowly, and his tendency to oversimplify situations based on superficial values leads him to behave badly toward the people who care about him. When Pip becomes a gentleman, for example, he immediately begins to act as he thinks a gentleman is supposed to act, which leads him to treat Joe and Biddy snobbishly and coldly.On the other hand, Pip is at heart a very generous and sympathetic young man, a fact that can be witnessed in his numerous acts of kindness throughout the book (helping Magw itch, secretly buying Herbert’s way into business, etc.) and his essential love for all those who love him. Pip’s main line of development in the novel may be seen as the process of learning to place his innate sense of kindness and conscience above his immature idealism.Ambition and self-improvement take three forms in Great Expectations—moral, social, and educational; these motivate Pip’s best and his worst behavior throughout the novel. First, Pip desires moral self-improvement. He is extremely hard on himself when he acts immorally and feels powerful guilt that spurs him to act better in the future. When he leaves for London, for instance, he torments himself about having behaved so wretchedly toward Joe and Biddy. Second, Pip desires social self-improvementSignificantly, Pip’s life as a gentleman is no more satisfying—and certainly no more moral—than his previous life as a blacksmith’s apprentice.Throughout the novel, social class provides an arbitrary, external standard of value by which the characters (particularly Pip) judge one another. Because social class is rigid and preexisting, it is an attractive standard for every character who lacks a clear conscience with which to make judgments—Mrs. Joe and Pumblechook, for instance. And because high social class is associated with romantic qualities such as luxury and education, it is an immediately attractive standard of value for Pip. After he is elevated to the status of gentleman, though, Pip begins to see social class for what it is: an unjust, capricious standard that is largely incompatible with his own morals. There is simply no reason why Bentley Drummle should be valued above Joe, and Pip senses that fact. The most important lesson Pip learns in the novel—and perhaps the most important theme in Great Expectations—is that no external standard of value can replace the judgments of one’s own conscience. Characters such as Joe and Biddy know this instinctively; for Pip, it is a long, hard lesson, the learning of which makes up much of the book.。

Great ExpectationsCharles DickensPip,a young orphan lives a humble existence with his ill-tempered older sister and her strong but gentle husband,Joe Gargery.On a Christmas Eve,Pip helps a convict who escaped from a prison ship by giving him some food and a file.One day,Pip gets invited unexpectedly to the house of a rich old woman in the village named Miss Havishamas.Miss Havisham is an old woman who was abandoned on her wedding day , so she raise her adoped daughter Estella as a cruel-hearted girl who will break men's hearts.Estella is beautiful, and Pip develops a strong crush on her, but she treats him coldly and contemptuously.From that time on, Pip aspires to leave behind his simple life and be a gentleman.Fortunatly one day Pip is given a large fortune from a secret benefactor and get a chance of education to become a gentlemen.For many years Pip has led a fairly undisciplined life in London, enjoying themselves and running up debts,and finally becomes a selfish and peacockery youngman.It lasts until one day,Pip learns the true identity of his benefactor——it is not Miss Havisham (who has made many misleading comments indicating it was her) but rather a petty criminal named Magwitch who is the convict Pip helped in his childhood.It is he that left all his money to Pip in gratitude for that kindness and also because young Pip reminded him of his own child.Pip is appalled, but he feels morally bound to help Magwitch escape London, as the convict is pursued both by the police and by his former partner in crime.Before Magwitch’s escape attempt, Estella marries an upper-class lout. Also,they are discovered by the police and captured to the jail, because of their convict partner's tipping off.Pip by now is devoted to Magwitch and recognizes in him a good and noble man and Pip has discovered that Magwitch is actually Estella's father.Without money or expectations, Pip, after a period of bad illness during which Joe cares for him.Pip decides to go abroad in the mercantile trade. Returning many years later, he encounters divorced Estella in the ruined garden at Satis House. Pip finds that Estella’s coldness and cruelty have been replaced by a sad kindness, and the two leave the garden hand in hand, Pip believing that they will never part again.Plot summary: Great Expectations, by Charles DickensPhilip Pirrip, who is known as Pip because, not surprisingly, he finds it difficult to pronounce his name, has a terrifying childhood experience in a graveyard on the Kent marshes.A prisoner, who has escaped from a nearby prison ship, grabs hold of Pip and demands that he fetch food and a file to remove his manacles.Pip is an orphan, and he lives with his older sister and her husband, Joe Gargery, a village blacksmith. Soldiers come to the forge to repair some manacles, and then set off to search for the convict, whose name is Abel Magwitch. The latter allows himself to be caught, because the same fate then awaits his fellow escapee, the hated Compeyson.Pip is invited to Satis House, ostensibly to be the playmate of Estella, who is the ward of Miss Havisham, a recluse who, many years previously, had been jilted at the altar. For Miss Havisham, time stood still on that day, so the clocks are never wound, the wedding cake stands where it always did, now covered in cobwebs, and she still wears her wedding dress. She has sworn to revenge herself on men, and she is bringing Estella up to think the same way.However, Pip falls in love with Estella, and at Satis House he also meets a boy of his own age who is playing in the grounds. This is Herbert Pocket.Jaggers, who is Miss Havisham's lawyer, comes to the forge, where Pip is apprenticed to Joe, to tell Pip that he has "great expectations" that will come to him from an unknown benefactor, whom Pip assumes must be Miss Havisham.Joe releases Pip from his apprenticeship and he travels to London, where he is befriended by Wemmick, Jaggers's clerk, and Herbert Pocket. Meanwhile, his sister, Mrs Joe, is brutally murdered at the forge.Pip has a hard time of it in London, including financial difficulties caused by his belief in those "great expectations" coming to fruition, and the knowledge that Estella has rejected him in favour of Bentley Drummle. The worst shock is the reappearance of Magwitch, who has escaped from the penal colony in Australia to which he had been transported. Magwitch tells him that it is he, and not Miss Havisham, who is his mysterious benefactor. However, this horrifies the somewhatsnobbish Pip, and he determines to help Magwitch to get out of the country.Returning to Satis House, Pip asks Miss Havisham for help to set Herbert Pocket up in business. However, she gets too close to the open fire and her dress catches light. Pip is able to douse the flames, but Miss Havisham dies from her burns. Before she does so, she implores Pip's forgiveness and gives him clues that Estella is the daughter of Magwitch and Jaggers's housekeeper.Pip gets a mysterious message that calls him back to the Kent marshes. There he is nearlykilled by Orlick, who works with Joe and who is revealed to be the murderer of Mrs Joe. Pip is rescued by Herbert. Pip and Herbert return to London, where they are about to execute Magwitch's escape, but they learn that they are being watched. The plan is to take a boat down the river, but they are intercepted by officers who are guided by Compeyson. In the struggle, Magwitch is wounded and Compeyson drowns. Magwitch is condemned to hang, but dies before this can happen.Pip returns to the forge, intending to propose to his childhood sweetheart, Biddy, but finds that she has married Joe. Pip goes to Egypt to join Herbert Pocket's shipping firm, and only returns several years later to find and marry Estella, who is now widowed.。

英语原版远大前程好词好句摘抄1、我有个原则：想到要做一件事，就一定要做到，而且要做得彻底。

——狄更斯《远大前程》I have a principle: if you want to do something, you must do it and do it thoroughly.2、机会不会上门来找人，只有人去找机会。

——狄更斯《远大前程》Opportunities don't come to people, only people look for opportunities.3、我爱她是违背常理，是妨碍前程，是失去自制，是破灭希望，是断送幸福，是注定要尝尽一切的沮丧和失望的。

可是，一旦爱上了她，我再也不能不爱她。

——狄更斯《远大前程》I love her against reason , against promise , against peace ,against hope , against happiness , against all discouragement that could be . Once for all .4、一句话，先是太胆小，明知不该做的事却不敢不做；后来也还是太胆小，明知该做的事却不敢去做。

——狄更斯《远大前程》In a word, first of all, I am too timid to do things I know I shouldn't do; Later, I was too timid to do what I should do.5、世界上形形色色的骗子，比起自骗自的人来，实在算不上一回事。

——狄更斯《远大前程》All kinds of liars in the world are nothing compared with those who cheat themselves.6、在任何交往中都不要伤害任何人，永远不要粗暴对待你手下的人。

远大前程GreatExpectations第一篇：远大前程Great ExpectationsGreat ExpectationsCharles DickensSetting: London, England, 1800sBackground Information:Pip lives with his very strict, martinet older sister, Mrs.Joe, and her husband, Joe Gargery.Mrs.Joe is abusive and is the dominant force in the household, having raised Pip “by hand.” Joe is a kind and caring role model for Pip, whose parents died right after his birth.Pip ventures to the churchyard to visit their graves often.This very place is where this classic tale unfolds.Characters:Pip(Philip Pirrip)adopted daughter of Miss Havisham.She was brought up on Miss Havisham's desire to get revenge on men.She is condescending despite her beauty.Miss HavishamPip's brother-in-law.He's a gentle giant who is Pip's best friend and father figure.He is a hard worker and a very moral man.Abel MagwitchPip's older sister.She raised Pip “by hand” using the “tickler.”Herbert Pocketlawyer who defends Magwitch.Magwitch orders him to keep track of Pip's finances.Jaggers serves as Pip's guardian.Plot Summary:Pip lives with his older sister and her husband.One day, while visiting his parents' grave, Pip encounters a convict, Magwitch, who he helps escape by providing him with a file and food.Pip is hired as a playmate for Miss Havisham's adopted daughter, Estella, who he falls in love with.Pip finds out that he has a benefactor and assumes that it is Miss Havisham.He moves to thecity of London with great expectations of increasing his social status.During this metamorphosis, Pip neglects his friendships with Biddy and Joe.As time passes, Pip meets his true benefactor, Magwitch, who made a fortune after being exiled from England.Magwitch wanted to repay Pip for helping him escape earlier in the novel.Pip in return for the large fortune must keep Magwitch in hiding near a river, since he is forbidden in England.Pip learns that Estella, who he has long obsessed over, has married Bentley Drummle.Suddenly, Miss Havisham's estate goes on fire, and Pip courageously saves Miss Havisham.It is then revealed that Magwitch is Estella's father.In an attempt to flee, Magwitch is caught, but dies before his conviction.Pip falls ill, and is nursed back to health by Joe, who marries Biddy after the death of Mrs.Joe.It is also revealed that Estella is educated by suffering, and the two go off on their separate ways.Sub-Plots: Pip's obsession with Estella controls his life, actions, and ambitions.Pip's rescuing of Magwitch from the river.The instance with Molly and Jaggers.Molly is Jagger's lowly housemaid, yet she is the real mother of Estella.Magwitch is the real father.Possible Themes:1)GratitudeMiss Havisham suffers from having lived her entire life in the past3)ObsessionEstella resents Pip for not being refined.Pip is appalled by Magwitch's appearance and behavior.5)GreedPip envies Estella's wealth and social status.7)Loneliness-Pip often visits the graveyard where his parents are buried.Key Issues: Envy: Pip envies Estella for her social position and wealth.He is jealous that she takes her wealth for granted, as she lives with the money that he longs for.His “great expectation” in life is to achieve a higher standard of living, while cruel, heartless Estellawas born into it.This envy of Estella's wealth stays with Pip as he grows into a man, hidden in the back of his mind.Gratitude: Joe Gargery was Pip's greatest friend, yet Pip took him for granted.He did not show any signs of gratitude for Joe's constant friendship.Towards the end of the novel, Joe was the one who nursed Pip back to health.Ultimately, Pip realizes the trueness of his friendship with Joe, and eventually shows him the gratitude he deserves.Prejudice: Estella immediately looked down on Pip upon seeing how coarse his hands and boots were.Because of his poor social status, she did not accept him as an equal.Rather than seeing him as a playmate(or a possible future husband), Estella saw Pip as a victim for her cruelty.In Pip's adulthood, he was prejudiced against Magwitch for being so grimy and brutish.He was both appalled and embarrassed by the man who had given him his fortune.Maturity of Relationships: Pip ultimately matures when he takes care of Magwitch after the accident at the river.He discovers the importance and the goodness of what Magwitch had done for him.The relationship between Magwitch and Pip grows due to the Pip's maturity.The relationship between Pip and Joe also develops once Pip realizes how valuable of a friend Joe is.Morals and Life Applications:Great Expectations encompasses almost every aspect of the human condition.From this novel, one learns that true friendship is worth much more than material possessions.Wealth and social status does not necessarily guarantee happiness.In life, it is sometimes necessary to sacrifice one's illusions or fantasies to discover one's own inner worth.As displayed by the character of Miss Havisham, it is foolish to live in the past, because it is a selfish act.Not only did she harm herself, but Estella and Pip as well.In the end, Pip discovers that wealth and social position canbe corrupting to a person's morality.Ulitmately, Pip realized that he had to sacrifice his great expectations in order to preserve his morality and inner worth.第二篇：《远大前程》《远大前程》文学导读狄更斯(1812-1870)生活在英国由半封建社会向工业资本主义社会的过渡时期。

英语名著名篇阅读Great Expectations【作品简介】故事发生在十九世纪的英国。

孤儿皮普父母双亡, 和姐姐、姐夫生活在一起。

圣诞节前, 皮普到墓地去悼念父母, 遇到了逃犯马格威奇。

皮普为他拿来了食物充饥, 令马格威奇非常感动, 但最后他还是被警察带走了。

圣诞过后, 皮普被邀请到村里最富有的哈维沙姆小姐家做客, 遇到了哈维汉姆小姐收养的女孩埃斯特拉, 从此便一发不可收拾地爱上了她。

但埃斯特拉是个傲慢又刻薄的女孩, 根本不把皮普放在眼里。

这令皮普很伤心, 他暗自下决心要成为一名绅士好让埃斯特拉不再歧视自己。

时机终于在几年后来了, 一位不愿透露姓名的人愿意资助皮普到伦敦去过上流社会的生活。

皮普满心欢喜地来到伦敦, 学习如何成为一名真正的绅士。

然而命运并不如皮普所希望的那样:已长得亭亭玉立的少女埃斯特拉从国外学习归来后, 穿梭于许多男人之间, 并选择了其中一个恶棍成为她的丈夫;多年来资助皮普的人终于出现了, 竟然是多年前被皮普搭救过的逃犯马格威奇, 最终他被警察抓住, 死在了监狱, 赠给皮普的遗产也被充公。

皮普的“远大前程〞化为泡影。

Pip meets a strangerMy first name was Philip, but when I was a small child I could only manage to say Pip．So Pip was what everybody called me．I lived in a small village in Essex with my sister, who was over twenty years older than me, and married to Joe Gargery, the village blacksmith．My parents had died when I was a baby, so I could not remember them at all, but quite often I used to visit the churchyard, about a mile from the village, to look at their names on their gravestones．My first memory is of sitting on a gravestone in that churchyard one cold, grey, December afternoon, looking out at the dark, flat, wild marshes divided by the black line of the River Thames, and listening to the rushing sound of the sea in the distance．Don't say a word！’cried a terrible v oice, as a man jumped up from among the graves and caught hold of me．‘If you shout I'll cut your throat！’He was a big man, dressed all in grey, with an iron chain on his leg．His clothes were wet and torn．He looked exhausted, and hungry, and very fierce．I had never been so frightened in my whole life．‘Tell me your name, boy！Quick！’he said, still holding me．‘And show me where you live！’‘My name's Pip, sir．And I live in the village over there．’He picked me up and turned me upsidedown．Nothing fell out of my pocket except a piece of old bread．He ate it in two bites, like a dog, and put me back on the gravestone．‘So where are your father and mother?’he asked．‘There, sir, ’I answered, pointing to their graves．‘What！’he cried, and was about to run, when he saw where I was pointing．‘Oh！’he said．‘ I see．They're dead．Well, who do you live with, if I let you live, which I haven't decided yet?’‘With my sister, sir, wife of Joe Gargery, the blacksmith．’Blacksmith, you say？And he looked down at his leg．Then he held me by both arms and stared fiercely down into my eyes．‘Now look here．You bring me a know what that is？And you bring me some food．If you don't, or if you tell anyone about me, I'll cut your heart out．’‘I promise I'll do it, sir, ’I answered．I was badly frightened and my whole body was trembling.‘You see, ’he continued, smiling unpleasantly, ‘I travel with a young man, a friend of mine, who roasts boys’ hearts and eats them．He'll find you, wherever you are, and he'll have your heart．So bring the the food to that wooden shelter over there, early tomorrow morning, if you want to keep your heart, that is Remember, you promised！’I watched him turn and walk with difficulty across the marshes, the chain hanging clumsily around his leg．Then I ran home as fast as I could．My sister, Mrs Joe Gargery, was very proud of the fact that she had brought me up‘by hand’．Nobody explained to me what this meant, and because she had a hard and heavy hand, which she used freely on her husband as well as me, I supposed that Joe and I were both brought up by hand．She was not a beautiful woman, being tall and thin, with black hair and eyes and a very red face．She clearly felt that Joe and I caused her a lot of trouble, and she frequently complained about it．Joe, on the other hand, was a gentle, kind man with fair hair and weak blue eyes, who quietly accepted her scolding．Because Joe and I were in the same position of being scolded by Mrs Joe, we were good friends, and Joe protected me from her anger whenever he could．So when I ran breathless into the kitchen, he gave me a friendly warning．‘She's out looking for you, Pip！And she's got the stick with her！’This stick had been used so often for beating me that it was now quite smooth．Just then Mrs Joe rushed in．‘Where have you been, you young monkey?’she shouted．I jumped behind Joe to avoid being hit with the stick．‘Only to the churchyard, ’I whispered, starting to cry．‘Churchyard！If I hadn't brought you up, you'd be in the churchyard with our parents．You'll send me to the church-yard one day！Now let me get your supper ready, both of you！’For the rest of the evening, I thought of nothing but the stranger on the marshes．Sometimes, as the wind blew round the house, I imagined I heard his voice outside, and I thought with horror of the young man who ate boys’hearts．Just before I went to bed, we heard the sound of a big gun on the marshes．‘Was that a gun, Joe?’I asked．‘Ah！’said Joe．‘Another convict's escaped．One got away last night．They always fire the gun when one escapes．’‘Who fi res the gun?’I asked．Joe shook his head to warn me．‘Too many questions, ’frowned my sister．‘If you must know it's the men in the prison-ships who fire the gun．’‘I wonder who is put into prison-ships, and why?’I asked, in a general way, quietly desperate to know the answer．This was too much for Mrs Joe．‘Listen, my boy, I didn't bring you up by hand to annoy people to death！There are ships on the river which are used as prisons．People who steal and murder are put in the prison-ships, and they stay there for years sometimes．And they always begin their life of crime by asking too many questions！Now, go to bed！’I could not sleep at all that night．I was in terror of the man with the iron chain, I was in terror of my sister, who would soon discover I had stolen her food．As soon as there was a little light in the sky outside my window, I got up and went quietly down to the kitchen．I stole some bread, cheese and a big meat pie, hoping that, as there was a lot of food ready for Christmas, nobody would notice what was missing．I did not dare take the whole brandy bottle, so I poured some into a smaller bottle to take away with me．Then I filled up the brandy bottle with what I thought was water from a big brown bottle．I took a Joe's box of tools, and ran out on to the dark marshes．The mist was so thick that I could not see anything．Al-though I knew my way to the shelter very well, I almost got lost this time．I was near it when I saw a man sitting on the ground, half asleep．I went up and touched his shoulder．He jumped up, and it was the wrong man！He was dressed in grey, too, and had an iron chain on his leg．He ran away into the mist．‘It's the young man！’I thought, feeling a pain in my heart．When I arrived at the shelter, I found the right man．He looked so cold and hungry that I felt sorry for him．Trembling violently he swallowed the brandy and ate the food like a hunted animal, looking around him all the time for danger．‘You're sure you didn't tell anyone？Or bring anyone?’‘No, sir．I'm glad you're enjoying the food, sir．’‘Thank you, my boy．You've been good to a poor man．’‘But I'm afraid there won't be any left for him．’‘Him？Who's that?’My friend stopped in the middle of eating．‘The young man who travels with you．’‘Oh, him！’he replied, smiling．‘He doesn't want any food．’‘I thought he looked rather hungry, ’I answered．He stared at me in great surprise．‘Looked？When?’‘Just now, over there．I found him half asleep and I thought it was you．He was dressed like you, and I was anxious to express this politely‘-he had the same reason for wanting to borrow a file．’‘Then I did hear them fire the gun last night！You know, boy, when you're on the marsh alone at night, you imagine all kinds of things, voices calling, guns firing, soldiers marching！But show me where this man went．I'll find him and I'll finish with him！I'll smash his face！Give me the ．’I was afraid of him now that he was angry again．‘I'm sorry, I must go home now, ’I said．He did not seem to hear, so I left him bending over his leg and filing away at his iron chain like a madman．Halfway home I stopped in the mist to listen, and I could still hear the sound of the file．Catching a convictAll that morning I was frightened that my sister would discover that I had stolen from her, but luckily she was so busy cleaning the house, and roasting the chickens for our Christmas lunch that she did not notice that I had been out, or that any food was missing．At half-past one our two guests arrived．Mr Wopsle had a large nose and a shining, bald forehead, and was the church clerk．Mr Pumblechook, who had a shop in the nearest town, was a fat, middle-aged man with a mouth like a fish, and staring eyes．He was really Joe's uncle but it was Mrs Joe who called him uncle．Every Christmas Day he arrived with two bottles of wine, handing them proudly to my sister．‘Oh Uncle Pumblechook！This is kind！’she always replied．‘It's no more than you deserve, ’was the answer every time．Sitting at table with these guests I would have felt uncomfortable even if I hadn't robbed my sister．Not only was Pumblechook's elbow in my eye, but I wasn't allowed to speak, and they gave me the worst pieces of meat．Even the chickens must have been ashamed of those parts of their bodies when they were alive．And worse than that, the adults never left me in peace．‘Before we eat, let us thank God for the food in front of us, ’said Mr Wopsle, in the deep voice he used in church．‘Do you hear that?’whispered my sister to me．‘Be grateful！’‘Especially, ’said Mr Pumblechook firmly, ‘be grateful, boy, to those who brought you up by hand．’‘Why are the young never grateful?’wondered Mr Wopsle sadly．‘Their characters are naturally bad, ’answered Mr Pumblechook, and all three looked unpleasantly at me．When there were guests, Joe's position was even lower than usual〔if that was possible〕, but he always tried to help me if he could．Sometimes he comforted me by giving me extra gravy．He did that now．‘Just imagine, boy, ’said Mr Pumblechook, ‘if your sister hadn't brought you up’‘You listen to this, ’said my sister to m e crossly．‘If, as I say, she hadn't spent her life looking after you, where would you be now?’Joe offered me more gravy．‘He was a lot of trouble to you, madam, ’Mr Wopsle said sympathetically to my sister．‘Trouble?’she cried．‘Trouble?’And then she started on a list of all my illnesses, accidents andcrimes, while everybody except Joe looked at me with disgust．Joe added more gravy to the meat swimming on my plate, and I wanted to pull Mr Wopsle's nose．In the end, Mrs Joe stopped for breath, and said to Mr Pumblechook, ‘Have a little brandy;uncle．There is a bottle al-ready open．’It had happened at last！Now she would discover I had stolen some brandy, and put water in the bottle．Mr Pumblechook held his glass up to the light, smiled importantly at it and drank it．When, immediately afterwards, he jumped up and began to rush round the room in a strange wild dance, we all stared at him in great surprise．Was he mad？I wondered if I had murdered him, but if so, how？At last he threw himself gasping into a chair, c rying ‘Medicine！’Then I understood．Instead of filling up the brandy bottle with water, I had put Mrs Joe's strongest and most unpleasant medicine in by mistake．That was what the big brown bottle contained．‘But how could my medicine get into a brandy bottl e?’asked my sister．Fortunately she had no time to find the answer, as Mr Pumblechook was calling for a hot rum to remove the taste of the medicine．‘And now,’she said, when the fat man was calmer, ‘you must all try Uncle Pumblechook's pre-sent to us！A really delicious meat pie！’‘That's right, Mrs Joe！’said Mr Pumblechook, looking more cheerful now．‘ Bring in the pie！’‘You shall have some, Pip, ’said Joe kindly．I knew what would happen next．I could not sit there any longer．I jumped down from the table, and ran out of the room．But at the front door I ran straight into a group of soldiers．Mrs Joe was saying as she came out of the kitchen, ‘The pie-has-gone！’but stopped when she saw the soldiers．‘Excuse me, ladies and gentlemen, ’said the officer in charge．‘I'm here in the King's name, and I want the black-smith．’‘And why do you want him?’said my sister crossly．‘Madam, ’replied the officer Politely, ‘speaking for myself, I'd like the pleasure of meeting his fine wife．Speaking for the King, I'd like him to repair these handcuffs．’‘Ah, very good, very good！’ said Mr Pumblechook, clap-ping．The soldiers waited in the kitchen while Joe lit the forge fire and started work．I began to feel better now that everyone had forgotten the missing pie．‘How far are we fr om the marshes?’asked the officer．‘About a mile, ’replied Mrs Joe．‘ That's good．We'll catch them before it's dark．’‘ Convicts, officer?’asked Mr Wopsle．‘Yes, two escaped convicts out on the marshes．Has anyone here seen them?’The others all shook their heads．Nobody asked me．When the handcuffs were ready, Joe suggested we should go with the soldiers, and as Mrs Joe was curious to know what happened, she agreed．So Joe, Mr wopsle and I walked behind the men through the village and out on to the marshes．‘ I hope we don't find those poor men, Joe, ’I whispered．‘ I hope not either, Pip, ’he whispered back．It was cold, with an east wind blowing from the sea, and it was getting dark．Suddenly we all stopped．We heard shouts in the distance．‘This way！Run！’the o fficer ordered, and we all rushed in that direction．The shouts became clearer．‘ Murder！’‘Escaped convict！’‘Help！’At last we discovered two men fighting each other．One was my convict, and the other was the man who had run away when I had seen him near the shelter．Somehow the soldiers held the men apart and put the hand-cuffs on them．‘Here he is, I'm holding him for you！’shouted my convict．‘Officer, he tried to murder me！’cried the other man．His face was bleeding and he was clearlyvery frightened．‘ Murder him！No, ’said the first, ‘ that would be too easy．I want him to suffer more, back on the prisonship．He's lying, as he did at our trial！You can't trust Compeyson！’Just then he noticed me for the first time．I shook my head at him, to show that I had not wanted the soldiers to find him．He stared at me, but I did not know if he understood or not．The prisoners were taken to the riverside, where a boat was waiting to take them on to the prison-ship．Just as he was about to leave, my convict said, ‘Officer, after my escape, I stole some food, from the blacksmith's house．Bread, cheese, brandy and a meat pie．I'm sorry I ate your pie, blacksmith．’‘I'm glad you did, ’replied Joe kindly．‘ We don't know why you're a convict, but we wouldn't want you to die of hunger．’The man rubbed his eyes with the back of his dirty hand．We watched the small boat carry him out to the middle of the river, where the great black prison-ship stood high out of the water, held by its rusty chains．He disappeared into the ship, and I thought that was the last I had seen of him．Reading tasksI. Comprehending1. Why was Pip frightened all that morning?2. What is the relationship between Pip and Joe Gargery?3. Why did Pip feel uncomfortable sitting at table with those guests?4. If you were Pip’s sister, would you think Bringing up Pip was a lot of trouble to you?5. What is the relationship between Mr Pumblechook and Mr Joe?6. Why was there an iron chain on the man’s leg in the churchyard?7. Why did the man ask Pip to bring a him?8. Wha t did Pip’s sister mean when she said ‘I brought you up by hand’?II. How many parts can you divide the chapter into? Write one sentence to sum up each part.III. What kind of person is Joe Gargery? How do you know?IV.Make a summary of this chapter using your own words. (No more than 200words)V. If you were Pip, would you help the man with an iron chain on his leg?VI. Underline the words ,expressions and sentences which you think are well used. And then copy them into your notebook.Great expectationsOne Saturday evening, when I had been apprenticed to Joe for four years, he and I were sitting in the pub, with some of the villagers, listening to Mr Wopsle．He was giving a dramatic reading of a newspaper report of a murder trial, and we all enjoyed watching him act the main characters. His witnesses were old and feeble, his lawyers were clever and sharp-eyed, and his accused was a violent, wicked murderer.Suddenly we became aware of a strange gentleman who had also been listening, and was now looking coldly at us.‘Well！’he said to us, biting the side of his finger.‘So you've decided the accused was the murderer, have you？'‘Sir, 'answered Mr Wopsle firmly, ‘yes, I do think he is guilty.’We all nodded our heads in agreement.‘But, ’said the stranger, ‘do you or do you not know that the law of England supposes every man to be innocent until he is proved-proved-to be guilty?’‘Sir, ’began Mr Wopsle, ‘as an Englishman myself, I-’‘Come！’said the stranger, ‘don't avoid the question．Either you know it, or you don't know it．Whichis it?’‘Of course I know it, ’answered poor Mr Wopsle.‘Then why didn't you say so at first？Another question. Do you know that this trial isn't finished yet?’Mr Wopsle hesitated, and we all began to have a rather bad opinion of him.‘And you were going to say that the accused was guilty, before the end of the trial, before he has been proved guilty！’We realized that the unfortunate Wopsle had no understanding of the law, or indeed anything at all.Now the stranger stood in front of our little group.‘I'm looking for the blacksmith, Joe Gargery, ’he said, ‘and his apprentice, Pip．’He did not recognize me but I knew he was the gentleman I had met on the stairs when visiting Miss Havisham. There was even the same smell of perfumed soap on his large hands.‘I want to speak to you two in private, ’he said, and so Joe and I left the pub and walked home with him．‘My name is Jaggers, and I'm a lawyer, ’he said, when he reached the forge．‘Joe Gargery, I am sent by someone who suggests cancelling this boy's apprenticeship to you．Would you want any money, if you lost your apprentice？'‘I'd never stand in Pip's way, never, 'said Joe, staring.‘The answer is no.’‘Don't try to change that answer later, ’said Mr Jaggers. ‘Now, what I have to say, and remember, I'm only an agent, I don't speak for myself, is that this young man has great expectations.’Joe and I gasped, and looked at each other.‘I have been told to say that he will be very rich when he is older. In addition, the person who sent me wants the young man to be removed from his home and educated as a gentleman who expects to inherit a fortune.'My dream had come true. Miss Havisham was making me rich！‘Now, Mr Pip, ’continued the lawyer, ‘there are two conditions．The first is that you always use the name of Pip．The second is that the name of the person who has been so generous to you must remain a secret, until that person chooses to tell you．You are forbidden to ask any questions or try to discover who the person is．Do you accept these conditions？My heart was beating fast as I whispered, ‘Yes '.‘Now, to details．I have been given enough money for you to live the life of a gentleman in London while you are studying .You will come to me to ask for whatever you need .I suggest Mr Matthew Pocket as a teacher．’I remembered that was the name of one of Miss Havisham 's relations, the one who did not visit her often．‘ You must buy some new clothes．Shall I leave you twenty pounds?’He counted twenty coins out of his large purse onto the table．‘And when can you come to London？Next Saturday?’I agreed, feeling very confused．He looked at Joe, who seemed even more confused.‘Well, Joe Gargery？Perhaps, I only say perhaps, I promise nothing, ’he said, throwing his purse carelessly from one hand to another, ‘pe rhaps I have been told to give you a present when you lose your apprentice．'Joe put his great strong hand on my shoulder in the gentlest possible way. ‘Pip can go freely to fortune and happiness, he knows that．But if you think that money can ever pay me back for losing the little child－who came to the forge－and always the best of friends！’He could not continue.Dear good Joe！I was so ready to leave you, and so ungrateful to you！I can see you now, with your strong blacksmith's arm in front of your eyes, and your shoulders shaking, and tears on your cheeks. But at the time I was so excited by my good luck that I forgot what I owed to Joe. Mr Jaggers clearly thought Joe was a fool for refusing money, and left the house, reminding me to go straight to his office in London in a week's time.Joe told Biddy what had happened, and both congratulated me. They were very quiet and sad at first,because I would be leaving them, but I promised I would never forget them and would often return to visit them. Biddy tried to explain the good news to my sister, but the poor woman could not under-stand．As Joe and Biddy became a little more cheerful, discussing my possible plans for the future, I became more miserable. Now that I could be a gentleman, as I had always wished, I was not sure if I wanted to leave my home, which was full of happy memories.That week passed slowly. I took a last walk through the churchyard to the marshes．At least I need never think about my convict again. No doubt he was dead by now.It was strange that the news of my expectations had not made me happier.When I went into town to order my new clothes, Mr Pumblechook was waiting for me at the door of his shop．‘My dear friend, if you will allow me to call you that, ’ he cried, shaking both my hands, ‘let me congratulate you on your fortune！ Nobody deserves it more than you！’He seemed so much more sensible than before that I agreed to have lunch with him．‘When I think, ’ he said happily, ‘that I, Pumblechook, was able to help in my small way, by taking you to play at Miss-’‘Remember, ’I stopped him, ‘we must never say anything about the person who is being so generous to me．’‘Don't worry, trust me, my dear friend Have some wine, have some chicken！Oh chicken, you didn't think when you were running around on the farm that you would be lucky enough to be served to one who －May I？May I?’ and he jumped up to shake my hand again．As we drank our wine, Pumblechook reminded me of the happy times he and I had spent together during my childhood．I did not remember it quite like that, but I began to feel he was a good-hearted, sincere man． He wanted to ask my advice on a business matter．He said he was hoping to find a young gentleman who would put money into his business, and seemed very interested in my opinion．‘And may I？May I?’He shook hands with me again．‘You know, I always used to say, “That boy will make his fortune． He's no ordinary boy．〞’He had certainly kept his opinion very secret, I thought．There was one person I really wanted to visit before going to London．Dressed in my new clothes I went to Miss Havisham's house, where her cousin opened the gate to me again．‘Well, Pip?’said Miss Havisham to me when she saw me．‘I'm going to London tomorrow, Miss Havisham, ’I said, choosing my words carefully, ‘a nd I wanted to say goodbye．I've been so lucky since I saw you last, and I'm so grateful for it！’‘Good, good！’ she replied, looking delightedly at her cousin who was staring at my new clothes．‘I know about it．I've seen Mr Jaggers．So, a rich person has adopted you?’‘Yes, Miss Havisham．’She smiled cruelly at her cousin, who was looking rather ill．‘Remember to do what Mr Jaggers tells you．And you will always keep the name of Pip, won't you？Goodbye, Pip．’She gave me her hand and I kissed it．It seemed the natural thing to do． And so I left the old lady in her bride's dress in the candle-light, with the dusty furniture around her．On Saturday morning I was in such a hurry that I only said a quick goodbye to my family, before setting out to walk the few miles into town for the London coach．As I left the peaceful sleeping village, the mist over the marshes was rising, to show me the great unknown world I was entering． Suddenly I realized what I was leaving behind－my childhood, my home, and Joe． Then I wished I had asked him to walk with me to the coach, and I could not stop crying． Whenever the horses were changed on the journey, I wondered with an aching heart whether to get down and go back to say goodbye properly．But the mist had completely risen now, and my new world lay ahead of me．At that time everybody in England agreed that London was a wonderful city．So I was surprised to findit rather ugly, with narrow dirty streets, and people crowded into tiny houses． I was frightened by its huge size．At Smithfield, the meat market, I was shocked by the dirt and blood everywhere Then I came to Newgate Prison, where a drunk old man showed me the place where prisoners were hanged, and told me excitedly that four men would die there tomorrow． I was disgusted by this news．My first impression of London could not have been worse．However I managed to find Mr Jaggers’office, noticing that other people were waiting for the great man too． After some time he appeared, walking towards me． His clients all rushed at him together． He spoke to some, and pushed others away．One man held on to the lawyer's sleeve．‘Please, Mr Jaggers,’he begged, ‘my brother is accused of stealing silver． Only you can save him！I'm ready to pay anything！’‘Your brother?’repeated the lawyer．‘And the tria l is tomorrow？ Well, I'm sorry for you, and him．I'm on the other side．’‘No, Mr Jaggers！’ cried the man desperately, tears in his eyes．‘Don't say you're against him！I'll pay anything！’‘Get out of my way, ’said Mr Jaggers and we left the man on his knees on the pavement．Now Mr Jaggers turned to me and told me that on Monday I would go to Matthew Pocket's house to start my studies, but until then I would stay with his son, Herbert, who lived nearby．Wemmick, Mr Jaggers’ clerk, showed me the way to Mr Pocket's rooms．He was a short, dry man, with a square, expressionless face, between forty and fifty years old． His mouth was so wide that it looked like a post-box, and gave the impression of smiling all the time．‘Is London a very wicked place?’I asked him, trying to make conversation as we walked．‘You may be robbed or murdered in London． But that may happen to you anywhere, if there is any profit in it for the criminal．’I was not sure whether I looked forward to living in London, where people like Wemmick accepted crime so calmly．We arrived at Herbert Pocket's rented rooms． The building was the dirtiest I had ever seen, with broken windows and dusty doors．It stood in a little square with dying trees around it．I looked in horror at Mr Wemmick．‘Ah！’ he said, not understanding my look．‘Its quiet position makes you think of the country．I quite agree．Goodbye, Mr Pip．’I went up the stairs, where there was a note on Mr Pocket's door, saying ‘Returning soon.’His idea of ‘soon’was not the same as mine． About half an hour later I heard footsteps rushing upstairs, and a young man of my age appeared breath-less at the door．‘Mr Pip?’he said．‘I'm so sorry I'm late！’I greeted him in a confused manner, unable to believe my eyes Suddenly he looked closely at me and gasped．‘But you're the boy at Miss Havisham's！’‘And you, ’ I said, ‘are the pale young gentleman！’We both started laughing, and shook hands．‘Well！’ he said, ‘I hope you'll forgive me for having knocked you down that day．’In fact I had knocked him down． But I did not contradict him．‘Do you know why I was there?’he asked．‘I had been invited to Miss Havisham's to see if she liked me．I suppose I didn't make a good impression on her．If she had liked me, I could be a rich man and engaged to Estella by now．’‘Were you disappointed?’I asked．‘Oh！I wouldn't want to marry Estella！She's a hard, proud girl, and Miss Havisham has brought her up to break men's hearts, as a revenge on all men．’。