学术英语理工详解答案Unit3

Reading: Text 11.Match the words with their definitions.1g 2a 3e 4b 5c 6d 7j 8f 9h 10i2. Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.1 symbolic 2distributed 3site 4complex 5identify6fairly 7straightforward 8capability 9target 10attempt11process 12parameter 13interpretation 14technical15range 16exploit 17networking 18involve19 instance 20specification 21accompany 22predictable 23profile3. Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above.ranging from（从……到）arise from some misunderstandings（来自于对……误解）leaves a lot of problems unsolved（留下很多问题没有得到解决）opens a path for（打开了通道）requires a different frame of mind（需要有新的思想）4.Translate the following sentences from Text 1 into Chinese.1) 有些人声称黑客是那些超越知识疆界而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“骇客”才是真正的坏人。

学术英语理工第二版unit3课文原文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hello everybody, today I'm going to read you a story from our academic English textbook, unit 3. It's called "The Importance of Recycling". Let's get started!In our world, there are many things that we use every day, like paper, plastic, and glass. But do you know what happens to these things after we throw them away? That's where recycling comes in! Recycling is when we take used materials and turn them into new things. It's like giving old things a second chance to be useful again.Recycling is important for many reasons. One reason is that it helps to protect the environment. When we recycle, we save energy and reduce pollution. This means that we can help to keep our air and water clean for plants, animals, and humans.Another reason why recycling is important is that it helps to save natural resources. By reusing materials like paper and metal, we can prevent the need to cut down more trees or mine moreminerals from the earth. This is good for our planet because it helps to preserve our resources for future generations.So, next time you're done with a piece of paper or a plastic bottle, remember to put it in the recycling bin instead of the trash. By doing this simple act, you can help to make a big difference in the world. Let's all do our part to protect the environment and save our planet!I hope you enjoyed the story and learned something new about recycling. Remember, small actions can make a big impact. Thanks for listening!篇2Hi everyone, today I'm going to share with you the text from Unit 3 of the Academic English for Science and Engineering textbook.The text talks about a scientist named Marie Curie. She was a really smart lady who discovered two new elements called radium and polonium. Can you believe that? She won two Nobel Prizes for her amazing work in chemistry and physics. Wow, what a superstar!Marie Curie faced a lot of challenges in her life, but she never gave up. She was determined to keep learning and exploring the world of science. She even set up a research institute to help other scientists study radiation. She was definitely a role model for all of us.In the text, it also talks about the dangers of working with radiation. Marie Curie was exposed to radiation for many years, and unfortunately, it made her really sick. That's why it's so important for scientists to be careful when they're working with dangerous materials.I think Marie Curie's story is really inspiring. She showed us that with hard work and determination, we can achieve amazing things. I hope we can all learn from her example and never stop pursuing our dreams.So that's the text from Unit 3. I hope you enjoyed it! Let's all be like Marie Curie and keep pushing ourselves to reach new heights in our studies. See you next time! Bye!篇3Unit 3 Lesson 1: What Are Animals Like?Hey guys! Today we're gonna learn about animals in Unit 3 of our Science class! Animals are super cool, right? They come in all shapes and sizes, and live in different places. Let's dive into the world of animals and explore what they are like!First, we have mammals. Mammals are animals that have hair or fur on their bodies. They also give birth to live babies and feed them with milk. Examples of mammals are dogs, cats, and monkeys. They are so cute and fluffy!Next up, we have birds. Birds have feathers, beaks, and lay eggs. They also have wings that help them fly in the sky. Birds come in all colors and sizes, from tiny hummingbirds to big, majestic eagles. It's amazing to see them soar through the air!Then, we have reptiles. Reptiles are animals that have scales, and some of them have shells or plates. They lay eggs on land and most of them are cold-blooded, which means their body temperature changes with their environment. Examples of reptiles are snakes, turtles, and crocodiles. They might look scary, but they're actually pretty cool!After that, we have amphibians. Amphibians are animals that live both on land and in water. They have moist skin and most of them lay eggs in water. Frogs and salamanders are examples of amphibians. They can jump really high and swim super fast!Last but not least, we have fish. Fish have fins, scales, and gills that help them breathe underwater. They come in all kinds of shapes, colors, and sizes. From tiny goldfish to giant whales, fish are truly fascinating creatures of the sea.Wow, learning about animals is so much fun, right? They have different features and behaviors that make them unique. So next time you see an animal, take a moment to appreciate how amazing they are! Keep exploring the world of animals, and let's continue to learn and grow together. Stay curious and keep on shining bright like the stars! See you next time, bye!篇4Hello everyone, today I'm going to share with you the text from Unit 3 of the book "Academic English for Science and Engineering Second Edition". Let's get started!The text is all about renewable energy, which is super important for the environment. It talks about different types of renewable energy like wind power, solar power, and hydropower. These are all sources of clean energy that don't harm the planet like fossil fuels do.Did you know that wind power is created by wind turbines? They look like big fans and they spin around to generateelectricity. Solar power comes from the sun, which is pretty cool. And hydropower is made from water flowing through dams to create energy.Renewable energy is great because it's sustainable, which means we can keep using it without running out. Plus, it helps to reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, which is awin-win for the planet!I hope you learned something new from this text. Let's all do our part to support renewable energy and take care of our Earth. Thanks for listening!篇5Unit 3 Our EarthHi everyone, today let's learn about our Earth! Our Earth is a super cool place filled with all kinds of amazing things. It's the planet we live on, and we need to take care of it.First, let's talk about the Earth's crust. The Earth's crust is like the outer skin of our planet. It's made up of different layers and it's super tough. Sometimes the Earth's crust moves around, causing earthquakes and volcanoes. It's important to be prepared for these natural disasters.Next, let's talk about the Earth's atmosphere. The Earth's atmosphere is the air around us. It's made up of different gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide. Plants need carbon dioxide to photosynthesize and give us oxygen to breathe. So, it's really important to take care of our plants and trees.Now, let's talk about the Earth's water. The Earth has lots of water in the oceans, rivers, lakes, and even in the air as clouds. Water is super important for all living things, like plants and animals. We should all try to save water and not waste it.Last but not least, let's talk about the Earth's resources. The Earth gives us so many resources like minerals, metals, and fossil fuels. It's important to use these resources wisely and not waste them. We should also try to find renewable sources of energy, like solar and wind power.In conclusion, our Earth is an amazing place that we need to take care of. Let's all do our part to protect our planet and make it a better place for future generations. Remember, we only have one Earth, so let's cherish it and keep it clean and healthy. Thank you for listening!篇6Unit 3Hello everyone, today we are going to learn about a new unit in our Science and Technology textbook. In this unit, we will explore the topic of the Earth's atmosphere and weather.The atmosphere is like a big blanket that surrounds the Earth. It is made up of different gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. These gases are important because they help to keep the Earth warm and protect us from harmful rays from the sun.Have you ever wondered why it rains or snows? Well, it's all because of the weather! The weather is made up of different factors like temperature, humidity, and air pressure. When these factors change, it can cause different types of weather like rain, wind, or snow.Do you know what a thermometer is used for? It's a tool that measures the temperature of the air. Scientists use thermometers to help them study the weather and predict what it will be like in the future.Another important tool that scientists use is a barometer. This measures the air pressure, which can tell us if a storm is coming or if the weather will be clear and sunny.So, the next time you look up at the sky, remember that there is a lot happening in the atmosphere above us. By learningabout the Earth's atmosphere and weather, we can better understand the world around us. Isn't that cool? Let's keep exploring and learning more about science and technology!篇7Hello everyone! Today, I'm going to share with you the text from the book "Academic English for Science and Engineering Second Edition Unit 3". It's all about different kinds of energy and how they are used in our daily lives. Let's get started!The first type of energy we will talk about is mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is the energy that an object has because of its motion or position. For example, when you kick a soccer ball, the energy from your leg is transferred to the ball, causing it to move. It's like magic, but it's actually science!Next up is thermal energy. Thermal energy is the energy that comes from heat. When you cook food on the stove, the heat is transferred from the stove to the food, making it hot and yummy. Without thermal energy, we wouldn't be able to cook our favorite meals or stay warm in the winter.Now, let's talk about electrical energy. Electrical energy is the energy that comes from the flow of electrons. It powers ourphones, computers, and lights. Can you imagine a world without electricity? It would be so boring and dark!Last but not least, we have chemical energy. Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules. When you eat food, your body breaks down the chemical bonds to release energy, which gives you the energy to run and play.So, there you have it! Different types of energy that make our world go round. Remember, energy is all around us and it's up to us to use it wisely. Thanks for listening, and I hope you learned something new today!篇8Unit 3 Lesson 1: Living ThingsHey there! Today we are going to learn all about living things. Living things are everywhere around us. Plants, animals, and even you and me are all living things!Plants are living things that make their own food through a process called photosynthesis. They use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Plants also help us breathe by releasing oxygen into the air.Animals are another type of living thing. They need to eat food to survive. Some animals eat plants, some animals eat other animals, and some eat both! Animals also move around and grow, just like us.Humans are also living things. We need to eat, drink, breathe, and sleep to stay healthy. We have different organs in our bodies that help us do these things. Our heart pumps blood, our lungs help us breathe, and our brain helps us think and learn.There are so many different living things in the world, big and small. Some live on land, some live in the water, and some even fly in the sky! Living things come in all shapes, sizes, and colors.So, next time you see a plant, an animal, or even yourself in the mirror, remember that we are all living things. Let's take care of each other and the environment around us. Happy learning!篇9Unit 3 SharingHello everyone! Today, we are going to learn about sharing. Sharing is a very important thing to do because it makes otherpeople happy. When you share with others, you are being kind and thoughtful.Sharing can be done in many ways. You can share your toys with your friends, share your snacks with your classmates, or share your ideas with your family. By sharing, you are showing that you care about others and that you are willing to help them.When you share, you are also learning how to cooperate and work together. Sharing helps build strong relationships and friendships. It also teaches you to be generous and considerate.In school, we share things all the time. We share our pencils and erasers with our classmates. We share our books and papers with our friends. We also share our knowledge and ideas with our teachers and classmates.Sharing is not just about giving things away. It is also about listening and being open to other people's ideas. When you share, you are creating a positive and supportive environment.So, let's remember to share with others and show them kindness and respect. Let's work together and make the world a better place for everyone. Share the love and spread happiness! Thank you for listening and remember, sharing is caring!篇10Unit 3 Our EnvironmentHi everyone, today we're going to learn about our environment! Our environment is super important because it's where we live and play every day. We want to keep our environment clean and healthy so that we can all be happy and safe.First, let's talk about air pollution. Air pollution is when there are dirty things in the air that can hurt our lungs and make us sick. Some things that cause air pollution are cars, factories, and even just burning things like trash. We can help reduce air pollution by walking or biking instead of driving, and by picking up trash so it doesn't get burned.Next, let's chat about water pollution. Water pollution happens when dirty things get into our rivers, lakes, and oceans. This can make the water unsafe for us to drink and for animals to live in. We can help prevent water pollution by not dumping chemicals down the drain and by picking up trash near water sources.Lastly, let's touch on land pollution. Land pollution is when we litter and leave trash on the ground instead of throwing it away properly. This can harm animals and plants that live in the environment. We can help stop land pollution by alwaysthrowing our trash in the trash cans and by recycling things like bottles and cans.Remember, it's super duper important to take care of our environment so that it stays clean and healthy for all of us. Let's work together to make our world a better place!。

Unit 3 PsychologyC. Listening ExerciseListen to a conversation and choose the best answers to the questions you hear.1. What do you know about Harry’s dog Fido?A. He doesn’t like his master any more.B. He has just moved to a new place.C. He gets up late every morning.D. He has been quite nervous and restless.2. What does Jenny suggest Harry should do?A. He should take Fido to the vet.B. He should put Fido on medication.C. He should take Fido for a walk.D. He should let Fido play fetch.3. What do you think Harry will do to his dog?A. He will take his dog for a walk everyday.B. He will consult a scientist for a test on his dog.C. He will try his best to perk up his dog.D. He will put his dog on medication.4. What does the scientific research tell us?A. Dog emotions are quite similar to the emotions of humans.B. Dogs should be put on medication whenever they are ill.C. The brain of humans is more complicated than that of dogs.D. Antidepressants cannot be used as medication for dogs.5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the conversation?A. Jenny may have a different idea towards pet treatment from Harry.B. Some pet-owners may overdo the treatment when their pets are ill.C. Harry is an expert on brain science of humans and dogs.D. Magnetic Resonance Scanner can be used in analyzing dog emotions.Script:Jenny: Hello, Harry, you look pale. What’s wrong?Harry: Hi, Jenny. It’s just Fido, my beloved dog. He’s been acting kind of lazy these days. Ever since we moved, he’s just been like this.Jenny: Oh my! Do you take him for a walk everyday?Harry: I used to, but now he doesn’t even want to play fetch. He loved that so much before.Jenny: If I were you, I’d take him to the vet. Probably he’s ill.Harry: Well, I did so yesterday. The vet says the reason he’s been so down is that he’s depressed, and he recommends we put him on medication.Jenny: Are you sure you want to take his suggestion?Harry: Yeah, I think so. We’re hoping that the medication will cheer Fido up. If it doesn’t, maybe we’ll consider upping his dosage until he seems back to normal.Jenny: Oh, no! I don’t know whether it’s good or not… I have a friend who put her dog on antidepressants, but I don’t think it’s fair to make an animal take drugs when he has no say.Harry: I agree sometimes pet-owners might go overboard, but they just want their pets to be happy and healthy. Oh, if only my Fido becomes his normal playful self again!Jenny: But is it ridiculous to spend so much money on an animal when there are people going hungry everywhere?Harry: I’ll tell you what. Some scientists have been using a Magnetic Resonance Scanner to learn about dog emotions. The research shows that they are quite similar to the emotions of humans.Jenny: Really? It’s unbelievable!Harry: Yes. They have now confirmed what many dog owners already knew. Dogs can understand our feelings! Researchers say that the finding is not just important to dogs and the people who love them, but it establishes a new type of comparative brain science and expands the possibilities for research. Jenny: Wow, seems that you know a lot about scientific research!Harry: Well, for Fido, I have made myself become an expert!Exercise 1 Global UnderstandingListen to the text for the first time, focus on the global idea of it and complete the summary.Psychology is the scientific study of the behavior of individuals and of their mental processes. Some of the personal factors are known as dispositional factors, while external things are known as situational factors. Modern psychology began in 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Germany. In 1890, William James published Principles of Psychology.Exercise 2 Listening and Note-takingListen to the first part of the text and take necessary notes with symbols and abbreviations with the prompts of the following words.Psychology — sci entific study of indiv idual behav ior & and ment al proc esses Psychologists — use their res earch to pred ict & and (ctrl) control behav ior Dispositional factors — Genet ic makeup, pers onality traits, att itudes, ment al state Situational factors — sens ory stimul ation, rew ards, act ions of other people Exercise 3 In-depth ListeningListen to the second part of the text and complete the table below.Who When Where WhatWilhelm Wundt in 1879in Germany Founded the first experimentalpsychology laboratoryG. Stanley in 1883at the Johns Hopkins Founded the first AmericanHall University in the US psychological laboratory likeWundt’sWilliam James in 1890in the US published the most importantpsychological text of all time,Principles of PsychologyScript:What makes us similar to other people and yet so uniquely different? Why do we think, feel and behave as we do? Are we molded more by heredity or shaped by experience? How can the same brain that gives us the capacity for creativity, rationality and love also become the crucible for mental illness?Psychology is formally defined as the scientific study of the behavior of individuals and of their mental processes. Psychologists then try to use their research to predict and in some cases control behavior. Ideally, out of their basic research will come solutions for the practical problems that plague individuals and society.Whatever type of behavior psychologists look at, whether it’s laughing, crying, making war, or making love, or anything else, they try to make sense of it by relating the observed behavior to certain aspects of the individual involved and the situation in which the behavior occurred. For example, my genetic makeup, personality traits, attitudes and mental state are some of the personal factors involved in my behavior. They’re known as dispositional factors. They’re internal, characteristics and potentials inside me, while external things such as sensory stimulation, rewards or the actions of other people are known as situational factors. They come from the outside, from the environment in which my behavior takes place.Modern psychology began in 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Germany. Wundt trained many young researchers who carried on the tradition of measuring reactions to experimental tasks such as reaction times to sensory stimuli, attention, judgment and word associations. The first American psychological laboratory like Wundt’s was founded at the Johns Hopkins University in 1883 by G. Stanley Hall. Hall, the first president of the American Psychological Association, introduced Sigmund Freud to the American public by translating Freud’s General Introduction to Psychoanalysis. But 1890 may stand as the most significant date in psychology’s youth. That’s when William James published what many consider to be the most important psychological text of all time, Principles of Psychology. James was a professor of psychology at Harvard University, where he also studied medicine and taught physiology. James was interested in all the ways in which people interact with and adapt to their environment, and so he found a place in psychology for human consciousness, emotions, the self, personal values and religion. But the Wundtian psychologists like G. Stanley Hall rejected James’ ideas as unscientific and soft. They argued that psychology should be patterned after the model of the physical sciences, so they focused their study on topics like sensation and perception--on psychophysics, measuring mental reactions to physical stimuli. Later they added investigations of how animals acquire conditioned responses and how humans memorize new information. These differences among psychologists inwhat should be studied and how one should go about it are still with us a century later. Text B LiespottingExercise 1 Global UnderstandingListen to the text for the first time, focus on the global idea and then choose the right answers to the questions you hear.1. Which of the following is NOT a sign to show that Bill Clinton was a liar?A. He used a non-contracted denial.B. He used “that woman” to refer to Miss Lewinsky.C. He tried unconsciously to distance himself from his subject.D. He peppered his account with a little too much detail.2. What can you learn from the text?A. Only trained liespotters can detect lies.B. A fake smile will betray a liar.C. Liars don’t dare to look people in the eyes.D. Liars rehearse their words and gestures.Exercise 2 Listening for detailsListen to one part of the text and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).1. Attitude is the most important indicator in detecting lies. (NG)2. A person’s enthusiasm may indicate his dishonesty. (F)3. An honest person will keep silent since he believes in his innocence. (F)4. An honest person is eager to help you get to the truth. (T)5. An honest person will not be infuriated during the interview. (F)Exercise 3 Compound DictationListen and complete the summary below with the missing words from the text. People deceptive may be withdrawn, look down, (1) lower their voice, (2) pause, or herky-jerky. They are going to (3) pepper their story with too much (4) detail and in strict (5) chronological order. A trained interrogator will ask them to tell the story (6) backwards, and then track the deceptive tells. People rehearse their (7) words, but not their (8) gestures.Script:Trained liespotters get to the truth 90 percent of the time. The rest of us, we’re only 54 percent accurate. Why is it so easy to learn? Well, there are good liars and there are bad liars. There are no real original liars. We all make the same mistakes. We all use the same techniques. So what I’m going to do is I’m going to show you two patterns of deception. And then we’re going to look at the hot spots and see if we can find them ourselves. We’re going to start with a speech.Bill Clinton: I want you to listen to me. I’m going to say this again. I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky. I never told anybody to lie, not a single time, never. These allegations are false. And I need to go back to work for the American people. Thank you.Pamela Meyer: Okay, what were the telltale signs? Well first we heard what’s known as a non-contracted denial. Studies show that people who are over-determined in their denial will resort to formal rather than informal language. We also heard distancing language: “that woman”. We know that liars will unconsciously distance themselves from their subject using language as their tool. Now if Bill Clinton had said, “Well, to tell you the truth ...” or Richard Nixon’s favorite, “In all candor ...” he would have been a dead giveaway for any lies potter than knows that qualifying language, as it’s called, qualifying language like that, further discredits the subject. Now if he had repeated the question in its entirety, or if he had peppered his account with a little too much detail -- and we’re all really glad he didn’t do that -- he would have further discredited himself. Freud had it right. Freud said, look, there’s much more to it than speech: “No mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his fingertips.” And we all do it no matter how powerful you are. We all chatter with our fingertips. I’m going to show you Dominique Strauss-Kahn with Obama who’s chattering with his fingertips.Now this brings us to our next pattern, which is body language. With body language, here’s what you’ve got to do. You’ve really got to just throw your assumptions out the door. Let the science temper your knowledge a little bit. Because we think liars fidget all the time. Well guess what, they’re known to freeze their upper bodies when they’re lying. We think liars won’t look you in the eyes. Well guess what, they look you in the eyes a little too much just to compensate for that myth. We think warmth and smiles convey honesty, sincerity. But a trained lie spotter can spot a fake smile a mile away. Can you all spot the fake smile here? You can consciously contract the muscles in your cheeks. But the real smile’s in the eyes, the crow’s feet of the eyes. They cannot be consciously contracted, especially if you overdid the Botox. Don’t overdo the Botox; nobody will think you’re honest.Now we’re going to look at the hot spots. Can you tell what’s happening in a conversation? Can you start to find the hot spots to see the discrepancies between someone’s words and someone’s actions? Now I know it seems really obvious, but when you’re having a conversation with someone that you suspect of deception, attitude is by far the most overlooked but telling of indicators.An honest person is going to be cooperative. They’re going to show they’re on your side. They’re going to be enthusiastic. They’re going to be willing and helpful to getting you to the truth. They’re going to be willing to brainstorm, name suspects, provide details. They’re going to say, “Hey, maybe it was those guys in payroll that forged those checks.” They’re going to be infuriated if they sense they’re wrongly accused throughout the entire course of the interview, not just in flashes; they’ll be infuriated throughout the entire course of the interview. And if you ask someone honest what should happen to whomever did forge those checks, an honest person is much more likely to recommend strict rather than lenient punishment.Now let’s say you’re having that exact same conversation with someone deceptive. That person may be withdrawn, look down, lower their voice, pause, be kind of herky-jerky. Ask a deceptive person to tell their story, they’re going to pepper it with way too much detail in all kinds of irrelevant places. And then they’re going to tell their story in strict chronological order. And what a trained interrogator does is they come in and in very subtle ways over the course of several hours, they will ask that person to tell that story backwards, and then they’ll watch them squirm, and track which questions produce the highest volume of deceptive tells. Why do they do that? Well we all do the same thing. We rehearse our words, but we rarely rehearse our gestures. We say “yes”, we shake our heads “no”. We tell very convincing stories, we slightly shrug our shoulders. We commit terrible crimes, and we smile at the delight in getting away with it. Now that smile is known in the trade as “duping delight”. Part IV HomeworkA Listening TaskListen to the passage and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Some colors that people see late at night could cause (1) signs of the condition mental health experts call clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in (2) low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression.Doctors use the words clinical depression to describe a (3) severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and (4) thoughts of death or suicide.In the new study, American investigators (5) designed an experiment that exposed hamsters to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they (6) sleep during the day and are (7) active at night. The animals were separated into 4 groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light. After four weeks, the researchers noted how much (8) sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the (9) more depressed animals drank the (10) least amount of water.Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in (11) blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is these animals didn’t show any sleep disruptions at all but they did have mucked up circadian clock genes and they did show depressive phenotypes whereas if they were in the (12) dim red light, but they did not.” Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive cells in the retina, have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send (13) signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the (14) natural sleep-wake cycle. He says there is a lot of blue in white light, this explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness. Mr. Nelson has suggestions for people whowork late at night, or those who like to stay up late. “My (15) recommendation is if you are just living a typical mostly active (life) during the day, mostly inactive at night, you want to limit the (16) exposure to TVs which are quite (17) bluish in the light they give off and computer screens and things like that. You can get filtered glasses, you can get filters on your computer screen and on your eReaders and that sort of thing to put it more in the (18) reddish light.” The report on the effects of light on emotions was published in The Journal of Neuroscience.。

ContentsUnit 1 – Astronomy (2)Part I: Pre-listening (2)Part II: While Listening (2)Text A: Fun Facts about Astronomy (2)Text B: Shenzhou-10 Mission (3)Part III: After Listening (3)Part IV: Homework (3)Unit 2 – Biology (4)Part I: Pre-listening (4)Part II: While Listening (4)Text A: Secret of Life (4)Text B: Animal Intelligence (5)Part III: After Listening (5)Part IV: Homework (5)Unit 3 – Psychology (6)Part I: Pre-listening (6)Part II: While Listening (6)Text A: Discovering Psychology (6)Text B: Liespotting (7)Part III: After Listening (7)Part IV: Homework (7)Unit 4 – Geography (8)Part I: Pre-listening (8)Part II: While Listening (8)Text A: What Is Geography? (8)Text B: Mount Kailash – Axis of the World (9)Part III: After Listening (9)Part IV: Homework (9)Unit 5 – Economy (sic) (10)Part I: Pre-listening (10)Part II: While Listening (10)Text A: The Blue Economy (10)Text B: A Monkey Economy as Irrational asOurs (11)Part III: After Listening (11)Part IV: Homework (11)Unit 6 – Physics (12)Part I: Pre-listening (12)Part II: While Listening (12)Text A: What Is Physics? (12)Text B: Science of Figure Skating (13)Part III: After Listening (13)Part IV: Homework (13)Unit 7 – Computer Science (14)Part I: Pre-listening (14)Part II: While Listening (14)Text A: Computer Software (14)Text B: Computer Science Advice forStudents (15)Part III: After Listening (15)Part IV: Homework (15)Unit 8 – Chemistry (16)Part I: Pre-listening (16)Part II: While Listening (16)Text A: The History of DiscoveringElements (16)Text B: The Periodic Table of Elements (17)Part III: After Listening (17)Part IV: Homework (17)Unit 1 – AstronomyPart I: Pre-listeningC: Listening Exercise1. D – Mars.2. C – For finding their way across hugeareas of ocean.3. C – Almost every ancient culture knewof these five mysteries.4. A – Saturn, Jupiter, Venus, Mercury andMars.5. C – The study of stars.Part II: While ListeningText A: Fun Facts about Astronomy Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.Two branches: (1) observationalastronomy and (2) theoreticalastronomy.2.Aspects: fun facts about (3) the sun(4) the moon(5) the stars(6) the planetsExercise 2 – Listening and Note-takingThe better notes are _A_, because:1.Good notes should consist of keywordsor very short sentences, not every word.e abbreviations and symbols thatmake sense to you can help you writedown notes quickly.3.Leave space between topics or ideas soyou can scan the page more easily later. Exercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.Mercury is the (1) second smallestplanet in the solar system and has (2)no moon. It can get as hot as (3) 800 °Cand cold as (4) 300 °C below zero. Oneyear on Mercury is equal to (5) 88 dayson Earth.2.Venus is the only planet that rotatesfrom (6) east to west. A year on thisplanet is equal to (7) 225 days on Earth.3.Earth is nearly (8) 93 million miles awayfrom the sun. It takes about (9) 16million horsepower to break the Earth’sgravitational pull.4.According to scientists, in around (10) 5billion years, a day on Earth will be (11)48 hours long and somewhere duringthat time the sun will explode.5.The planet Neptune was discoveredmore than (12) 150 years ago in 1846,and since then it still has to complete anorbit around the sun, as one Neptuneyear equals to (13) 165 Earth years.6.Pluto’s size is very small which madescientists demote it to a (14) dwarfplanet status.Text B: Shenzhou-10 MissionExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.June 24th.2.China hasn’t set up a permanent spacestation.Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.False2.True3.Not GivenExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.blasted off2.docked3.conduct experiments4.June 20th5.gave a lecture6. a manual docking procedure7.spoke8.two-way video link9.flew around10.the modulePart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.supremacy2.gesture3.vowed4.hostile5.decade6.mission7.spotted8.It was five kilometers from base andthey were running dangerously short oftime9.The orange soil looked like evidence ofrecent volcanic activity 10.In just half an hour, Schmitt and Cernangathered all the orange soil they couldlay hands onUnit 2 – BiologyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.Hummingbird (c); Marmoset (a); Ostrich(d); Sloth (b); Venus flytrap (g); Cheetah(f); Bamboo (h); Rafflesia (e)2.as sly as a fox; as timid as a hare; ascheerful as a lark; as silly as a goose; asgreedy as a wolf; as proud as a peacock;as strong as a horse; as brave as a lion;as gentle as a lamb; as stubborn as amule; as busy as a bee; as blind as a bat C: Listening Exercise1. D – Hostess and guest.2. B – Genetically modified organism.3. A – Corns with a 4-digit PLU code.4. C – Because there is no proof that GMfoods are safe.5. C – From PLU code on the produce. Part II: While ListeningText A: Secret of LifeExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.nucleus2.mush3.membranes4.protein5.energy6.chromosomesExercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.frogspawn2.divide and divide3.replicating4.specialize5.body parts6.true of us7. a single cell8.two fundamental rules of life9.made of cells10.other cells11.what life wasExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.17th2.Robert Hooke3.microscope4.snowflakes5.natural fibers6.mid-19th7.resurfaced8.well-engineered9.exposeText B: Animal IntelligenceExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. B – To prove that dolphins are thinkingspecies.2. C – Self-awareness.Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.True2.Not Given3.False4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.reacting2.another dolphin3.back and forward4.testing to see5.the same things6.neck stretches7.marked part8. a mirror9. a toolPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.filtered sunlight2.fade3.sensitive4.evaporate5.pebbles6.moist7.snippers8.start up9.indestructible10.raise alarm11.a shadier location12.polluted water 13.reddish14.decaying or mushy15.indoor environmentsUnit 3 – PsychologyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic2.1-d, 2-a, 3-f, 4-g, 5-c, 6-e, 7-h, 8-b C: Listening Exercise1. B – He has just moved to a new place.2. A – He should take Fido to the vet.3. D – He will put his dog on medication.4. A – Dog emotions are quite similar tothe emotions of humans.5. C – Harry is an expert on brain scienceof humans and dogs.Part II: While ListeningText A: Discovering Psychology Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.behavior of individuals2.mental processes3.dispositional factors4.situational factors5.experimental psychology laboratory6.Principles of PsychologyExercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.sci entific study2.res earch3.pred ict & (ctrl) control behav ior4.gene tic5.att itudes, ment al6.sens ory stimul ation7.rew ards, act ionsExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.18792.Germany3.first experimental psychologylaboratory 4.18836.first American psychological laboratory7.18909.psychological text10.Principles of PsychologyText B: LiespottingExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – He peppered his account with alittle too much detail.2. B – A fake smile will betray a liar. Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.Not Given2.False3.False4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.lower2.pause3.pepper4.detail5.chronological6.backwards7.words8.gesturesPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.signs of the condition2.low levels of light3.severe form4.thoughts of death or suicide5.designed6.sleep7.active8.sugary water9.more depressed10.least11.blue and white light12.dim red13.signals 14.natural sleep-wake cycle15.recommendation16.exposure17.bluish18.reddishUnit 4 – GeographyPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.a. 4.5 to 4.6 billion yearsb.149,597,870 kmc.384,403.1 kmd.Mt. Everest, Asia: 8844.43 me.Dead Sea: -422 mf.Mariana Trench, Western PacificOcean: 11,034 mg.56.7°C (Greenland Ranch in DeathValley, California, July 10, 1913)h.-89.2°C (Vostok, Antarctica, July 21,1983)2.1-a; 2-c; 3-f; 4-b; 5-e; 6-d; 7-gC: Listening Exercise1. D – New Zealand.2. C – The south of the country can bewarm in summer.3. C – A map showing geographicalfeatures.4. B – The coverage of oceans.5. C – She wants to know more aboutgeography.Part II: While ListeningText A: What Is Geography?Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1.Cultural geography focusing on peopleand cultures.2.Physical geography focusing on planetEarth. Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-takingFive these of geographyA. LocationB. PlaceC. Human-environment Interaction1. Humans depend on the environment2. Humans modify the environment3. Humans adapt to the environmentD. MovementE. Region1. Formal regions2. Functional regions3. Vernacular regionsExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.earth2.to write3.climates4.plant and animal distributionputerized mapping6.data analysisText B: Mount Kailash – Axis of the World Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. A – Because it matches the legend ofthe axis of the world.2. D – Because it is the most importantpilgrimage site in Tibet.Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.False2.True3.Not Given4.False5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.pilgrimage site2.Buddha’s enlightenment3.newly dressed altar4.prayer flags5.end up straight6.wind horsesPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.233 countries2. a bit ambiguous3.semi-presidential republic4.6,592,800 square miles5.northern part of Asia6.11 different time zones7.climate conditions8.energy and minerals9.greatest forest reserves10.unfrozen freshwater11.ninth most populous12.lungs of Europe13.by volume14.780 species of birds 15.third largest economy16.fastest aging country17.Three Gorges Dam18.at a country’s disposalUnit 5 – Economy (sic)Part I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topicpete with one another; positive; aninvisible hand2. a long time; stall along the wayC: Listening Exercise1. B – He is interested in making modelboats.2. C – She is considerate and thoughtful.3. A – It will help children learn the valueof money.4. D – He will give Jacky a regularallowance soon.5. D – Saving money for larger costs willhelp children learn how to budget. Part II: While ListeningText A: The Blue EconomyExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.expensive2.not smart3.creative4.healthy and happy5.what we did not know we have Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.healthy and naturalanic3.solar energy4.biodegradable5.palm oil6.destroy the rain forest7.subsidies8.tax moneypete with food10.damaging the climate11.expensive12.not smartExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.Not Given2.True3.False4.TrueText B: A Monkey Economy as Irrational as OursExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – When they are facing a loss.2. A – People are irrational because theywant to make more money.Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.10002.10003.04.5005.Play it safe6.20007.10008.09.50010.Take a riskExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.different directions2.good or not3.switch4.loss mindset5.risky6.worrying7.losing stocks longer8.sell their housePart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.economic prosperity2.support strengthening3.premier forum4.lowering tariffs5.non-discriminatory6.greater participation7.integrated economic community 8.critical energy sector9.interconnectivity10.renewablepletion of negotiations12.far-reaching trade agreement13.rules-based and high-standard14.mere short term15.multilaterial and bilateral partnershipsUnit 6 – PhysicsPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.1-f; 2-b; 3-e; 4-d; 5-g; 6-a; 7-h; 8-c C: Listening Exercise1. B – They are doing a physicalexperiment.2. C – Six.3. D – Judy helped to pinch the balloontight.4. B – Mike is very smart.5. A – They pumped some gas into theballoon.Part II: While ListeningText A: What Is Physics?Exercise 1 – Global UnderstandingTwo categories of physics:(1) Classical physics(2) Modern physicsMain purposes of learning physics:(1) To understand the world around people(2) To explain the universe at large Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.Definition2.motion of matter3.space and time4.energy5.force6.effects7.philosophy8.world9.classical10.modern11.Applications12.electromagnetism13.mechanics14.quantum physics Exercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.matter moves2.object attraction3.heat and energy4.mass-energy5.space-time6.electric chargesText B: Science of Figure Skating12.appliances Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. C – The science of figure skating.2. D – All of the above.Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.False2.False3.True4.Not Given5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.action and reaction2.vertical velocity3.velocity4.higher5.spin6.extended7.slowly8.closer9.faster10.following11.Conservation of Angular MomentumPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.powered by sun light2.20153.63 meters across4.200 square meters5.cells6.140 kilometers7.8,500 meters8.stops9.20 to 2510.autopilot11.goalUnit 7 – Computer SciencePart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.1-Wechat; 2-MSN; 3-Tencent QQ; 4-Sina Microblog; 5-Renren Network; 6-Instagram2.MSN, Tencent QQ, Renren Network,Sina MNicroblog, Instagram, Wechat C: Listening Exercise1. D – A research on the applications ofcomputers and Internet.2. C – Playing computer games.3. B – Computers can help edit jobapplication documents.4. C – Online shopping has become anessential part of our life.5. A – People may be cheated by someoneonline.Part II: While ListeningText A: Computer SoftwareExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. D – Software programs and theoperating system.2. B – A set of instructions that tells thecomputer what to do.Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.most of us don’t speak their language2.is like a translator3.the computer what to do4.personalized5.Mac6.Linux7.Operating system8.Software programs9. a computer store10.download from the InternetExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.True2.FalseAn operating system can cover thebasics from saving files to fixingproblems.3.FalseYou can get computer software from acomputer store or download them fromthe Internet without the help ofcomputer engineers4.FalseSoftware programs can makecomputers personalized5.TrueText B: Computer Science Advice for StudentsExercise 1 – Global Understanding1. C – Advice for students on computerscience.2. A – Computer science is highlyinteractive.Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.False2.True3.True4.Not GivenExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.fallacies/misconceptions2.programming3.people4.business analysts5.discuss6.solve7.logical thinking8.capture things9.articulate10.connectingPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.index of the web2.software programs3.webpages4.follow all the links5.chunk of the web6.hit return7.possible8.contain your keywords9.directly adjacent10.spamming 11.outside links point to itmitment13.impartial search results14.a snippet of the text15.related searches16.advertising business17.strive to18.cheetah’s top running speedUnit 8 – ChemistryPart I: Pre-listeningA: Talk about the Topic1.A, C, and E are chemical reactionsC: Listening Exercise1. A – In 1828.2. D – He created them from twoinorganic substances.3. C – People isolated it from living things.4. C – It proved that organic substancescan be created from inorganicsubstances.5. D – Atoms.Part II: While ListeningText A: The History of Discovering ElementsExercise 1 – Global Understanding1.diversity of natureplexity of man3.92 elements4.the most important codes5.making of the modern world Exercise 2 – Listening and Note-taking1.what an element is2.lead, copper, gold, silver, iron, mercury,tin3.metals4.earth, air, fire, and water5.16th6.metals into goldExercise 3 – In-depth Listening1.attempted2.electricity3.natural4.ultimately5.insight6.physics7.mysteries8.detective9.centuries10.struggled11.fascination12.destructionText B: The Periodic Table of Elements Exercise 1 – Global Understanding1. B – How the periodic table of elementswas discovered and its significance.2. B – It changes the way that everyonewould learn and understand theelements.Exercise 2– Listening for Details1.True2.False3.Not Given4.True5.FalseExercise 3 – Compound Dictation1.18692.explain3.properties4.similarities5.patterns6.vertical7.resembled8.existence and properties9.rightPart III: After ListeningPart IV: HomeworkA – Listening Task1.green leaves2.grows underground3.for their taste4.traditionally for health reasons5.seeking to lose weight6.desire to eat7.reduce hunger8.Over six weeks9.each group10.three-tenths of a gram 11.normally eat12.especially true13.may be lost14.extend the effectiveness15.a tropical plant16.its medical possibilities17.earlier evidence18.brains of patients19.sixty to ninety-three years old20.rarely or never。

Reading: Text 11 .Match the words with their definitions.Ig2a 3e4b 5c 6d 7j 8f9h lOi2. Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets ・ Change the form if necessary.3. Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold•Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets ・ You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above ・ranging from （从 ... 至『）arise from some misunderstandings （来自 于对 .. 误解）leaves a lot of problems unsolved （留下很多问题没有得到解决）opens a path for （打开了 通道）requires a different frame of mind （需耍有新的思想）4. Translate the following sentences from Text 1 into Chinese.1） 有些人声称黑客是那些超越知识疆界而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故 意而为），而“骇客''才是真正的坏人。

2） 这可以指获取计算机系统的存储内容，获得一个系统的处理能力，或捕获系统之间正在 交流的信息。

⼤学通⽤学术英语视听说教程（理科）unite3psychology 原⽂及答案Unit 3 PsychologyC. Listening ExerciseListen to a conversation and choose the best answers to the questions you hear.1. What do you know about Harry’s dog Fido?A. He doesn’t like his master any more.B. He has just moved to a new place.C. He gets up late every morning.D. He has been quite nervous and restless.2. What does Jenny suggest Harry should do?A. He should take Fido to the vet.B. He should put Fido on medication.C. He should take Fido for a walk.D. He should let Fido play fetch.3. What do you think Harry will do to his dog?A. He will take his dog for a walk everyday.B. He will consult a scientist for a test on his dog.C. He will try his best to perk up his dog.D. He will put his dog on medication.4. What does the scientific research tell us?A. Dog emotions are quite similar to the emotions of humans.B. Dogs should be put on medication whenever they are ill.C. The brain of humans is more complicated than that of dogs.D. Antidepressants cannot be used as medication for dogs.5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the conversation?A. Jenny may have a different idea towards pet treatment from Harry.B. Some pet-owners may overdo the treatment when their pets are ill.C. Harry is an expert on brain science of humans and dogs.D. Magnetic Resonance Scanner can be used in analyzing dog emotions.Script:Jenny: Hello, Harry, you look pale. What’s wrong?Harry: Hi, Jenny. It’s just Fido, my beloved dog. He’s been acting kind of lazy these days. Ever since we moved, he’s just been like this.Jenny: Oh my! Do you take him for a walk everyday?Harry: I used to, but now he doesn’t even want to play fetch. He loved that so much before.Jenny: If I were you, I’d take him to the vet. Probably he’s ill.Harry: Well, I did so yesterday. The vet says the reason he’s been so down is that he’s depressed, and he recommends we put him on medication.Jenny: Are you sure you want to take his suggestion?Harry: Yeah, I think so. We’re hoping that the medication will cheer Fido up. If it doesn’t, maybe we’ll consider upping his dosage until he seems back to normal.Jenny: Oh, no! I don’t know whether it’s good or not… I have a friend who put her dog on antidepressants, but I don’t think it’s fair to make an animal take drugs when he has no say.Harry: I agree sometimes pet-owners might go overboard, but they just want their pets to be happy and healthy. Oh, if only my Fido becomes his normal playful self again!Jenny: But is it ridiculous to spend so much money on an animal when there are people going hungry everywhere?Harry: I’ll tell you what. Some scientists have been using a Magnetic Resonance Scanner to learn about dog emotions. The research shows that they are quite similar to the emotions of humans.Jenny: Really? I t’s unbelievable!Harry: Yes. They have now confirmed what many dog owners already knew. Dogs can understand our feelings! Researchers say that the finding is not just important to dogs and the people who love them, but it establishes a new type of comparative brain science and expands the possibilities for research. Jenny: Wow, seems that you know a lot about scientific research!Harry: Well, for Fido, I have made myself become an expert!Exercise 1 Global UnderstandingListen to the text for the first time, focus on the global idea of it and complete the summary.Psychology is the scientific study of the behavior of individuals and of their mental processes. Some of the personal factors are known as dispositional factors, while external things are known as situational factors. Modern psychology began in 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Germany. In 1890, William James published Principles of Psychology.Exercise 2 Listening and Note-takingListen to the first part of the text and take necessary notes with symbols and abbreviations with the prompts of the following words.Psychology —sci entific study of indiv idual behav ior & and ment al proc esses Psychologists — use their res earch to pred ict & and (ctrl) control behav ior Dispositional factors —Genet ic makeup, pers onality traits, att itudes, ment al state Situational factors —sens ory stimul ation, rew ards, act ions of other peopleExercise 3 In-depth ListeningWho When Where WhatWilhelm Wundt in 1879in Germany Founded the first experimentalpsychology laboratoryG. Stanley in 1883at the Johns Hopkins Founded the first AmericanHall University in the US psychological laboratory likeWundt’sWilliam James in 1890in the US published the most importantpsychological text of all time,Principles of PsychologyScript:What makes us similar to other people and yet so uniquely different? Why do we think, feel and behave as we do? Are we molded more by heredity or shaped by experience? How can the same brain that gives us the capacity for creativity, rationality and love also become the crucible for mental illness?Psychology is formally defined as the scientific study of the behavior of individuals and of their mental processes. Psychologists then try to use their research to predict and in some cases control behavior. Ideally, out of their basic research will come solutions for the practical problems that plague individuals and society.Whatever type of behavior psychologists look at, whether it’s laughing, crying, making war, or making love, or anything else, they try to make sense of it by relating the observed behavior to certain aspects of the individual involved and the situation in which the behavior occurred. For example, my genetic makeup, personality traits, attitudes and mental state are some of the personal factors involved in my behavior. They’re known as dispositional factors. They’re internal, characteristics and potentials inside me, while external things such as sensory stimulation, rewards or the actions of other people are known as situational factors. They come from the outside, from the environment in which my behavior takes place.Modern psychology began in 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt founded the first experimental psychology laboratory in Germany. Wundt trained many young researchers who carried on the tradition of measuring reactions to experimental tasks such as reaction times to sensory stimuli, attention, judgment and word associations. The first American psychological laboratory like Wundt’s was founded at the Johns Hopkins University in 1883 by G. Stanley Hall. Hall, the first president of the American Psychological Association, introduced Sigmund Freud to the American public by translating Freud’s General Introduction to Psychoanalysis. But 1890 may stand as the most significant date in psychology’s youth. That’s when William James published what many consider to be the most important psychological text of all time, Principles of Psychology. James was a professor of psychology at Harvard University, where he also studied medicine and taught physiology. James was interested in all the ways in which people interact with and adapt to their environment, and so he found a place in psychology for human consciousness, emotions, the self, personal values and religion. But the Wundtian psychologists like G. Stanley Hall rejected James’ ideas as unscientific and soft. They argued that psychology should be patterned after the model of the physical sciences, so they focused their study on topics like sensation and perception--on psychophysics, measuring mental reactions to physical stimuli. Later they added investigations of how animals acquire conditioned responses and how humans memorize new information. These differences among psychologists in whatshould be studied and how one should go about it are still with us a century later. Text B LiespottingExercise 1 Global UnderstandingListen to the text for the first time, focus on the global idea and then choose the right answers to the questions you hear.1. Which of the following is NOT a sign to show that Bill Clinton was a liar?A. He used a non-contracted denial.B. He used “that woman” to refer to Miss Lewinsky.C. He tried unconsciously to distance himself from his subject.D. He peppered his account with a little too much detail.2. What can you learn from the text?A. Only trained liespotters can detect lies.B. A fake smile will betray a liar.C. Liars don’t dare to look people in the eyes.D. Liars rehearse their words and gestures.Exercise 2 Listening for detailsListen to one part of the text and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).1. Attitude is the most important indicator in detecting lies. (NG)2. A person’s enthusiasm may indicate his dishonesty. (F)3. An honest person will keep silent since he believes in his innocence. (F)4. An honest person is eager to help you get to the truth. (T)5. An honest person will not be infuriated during the interview. (F)Exercise 3 Compound DictationListen and complete the summary below with the missing words from the text. People deceptive may be withdrawn, look down, (1) lower their voice, (2) pause, or herky-jerky. They are going to (3) pepper their story with too much (4) detail and in strict (5) chronological order. A trained interrogator will ask them to tell the story (6) backwards, and then track the deceptive tells. People rehearse their (7) words, but not their (8) gestures.Script:Trained liespotters get to the truth 90 percent of the time. The rest of us, we’re only 54 percent accurate. Why is it so easy to learn? Well, there are good liars and there are bad liars. There are no real original liars. We all make the same mistakes. We all use the same techniques. So what I’m going to do is I’m going to show you twopatterns of deception. And then we’re going to look at the hot spots and see if we can find them ourselves. We’re g oing to start with a speech.Bill Clinton: I want you to listen to me. I’m going to say this again. I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky. I never told anybody to lie, not a single time, never. These allegations are false. And I need to go back to work for the American people. Thank you.Pamela Meyer: Okay, what were the telltale signs? Well first we heard what’s known as a non-contracted denial. Studies show that people who are over-determined in their denial will resort to formal rather than informal language. We also heard distancing language: “that woman”. We know that liars will unconsciously distance themselves from their subject using language as their tool. Now if Bill Clinton had said, “Well, to tell you the truth ...” or Ri chard Nixon’s favorite, “In all candor ...”he would have been a dead giveaway for any lies potter than knows that qualifying language, as it’s called, qualifying language like that,further discredits the subject. Now if he had repeated the question in its entirety, or if he had peppered his account with a little too much detail -- and we’re all really glad he didn’t do that -- he would have further discredited himself. Freud had it right. Freud said, look, there’s much more to it than speech: “No mortal c an keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his fingertips.” And we all do it no matter how powerful you are. We all chatter with our fingertips. I’m going to show you Dominique Strauss-Kahn with Obama who’s chattering with his fingertips.Now this brings us to our next pattern, which is body language. With body language, here’s what you’ve got to do.You’ve really got to just throw your assumptions out the door. Let the science temper your knowledge a little bit. Because we think liars fidget all the time. Well guess what, they’re known to freeze their upper bodies when they’re lying. We think liars won’t look you in the eyes. Well guess what, they look you in the eyes a little too much just to compensate for that myth. We think warmth and smiles convey honesty, sincerity. But a trained lie spotter can spot a fake smile a mile away. Can you all spot the fake smile here? You can consciously contract the muscles in your cheeks. But the real smile’s in the eyes, the crow’s feet of the eyes. They cannot be consciously contracted, especially if you overdid the Botox. Don’t overdo the Botox; nobody will think you’re honest.Now we’re going to look at the hot spots.Can you tell what’s happening in a conversation? Can you start to find the hot spots to see the discrepancies between someone’s words and someone’s actions? Now I know it seems really obvious, but when you’re having a conversation with someone that you suspect of deception, attitude is by far the most overlooked but telling of indicators.An honest person is going to be cooperative. They’re going to show they’re on your side. They’re going to be enthusiastic.They’re going to be willing and helpful to getting you to the truth. They’re going to be willing to brainstorm, name suspects, provide details. They’re going to say, “Hey, maybe it was those guys in payroll that forged those checks.”They’re going to be infuriated if they sense they’re wrongly accused throughout the entire course of the interview, not just in flashes; they’ll be infuriat ed throughout the entire course of the interview. And if youask someone honest what should happen to whomever did forge those checks, an honest person is much more likely to recommend strict rather than lenient punishment.Now let’s say you’re having that exact same conversation with someone deceptive. That person may be withdrawn, look down, lower their voice, pause, be kind of herky-jerky. Ask a deceptive person to tell their story, they’re going to pepper it with way too much detail in all kinds of irrelevant places. And then they’re going to tell their story in strict chronological order. And what a trained interrogator does is they come in and in very subtle ways over the course of several hours, they will ask that person to tell that story backwards, and then they’ll watch them squirm, and track which questions produce the highest volume of deceptive tells. Why do they do that? Well we all do the same thing. We rehearse our words, but we rarely rehearse our gestures. We say “yes”, we shake our heads “no”. We tell very convincing stories, we slightly shrug ourshoulders. We commit terrible crimes, and we smile at the delight in getting away with it. Now that smile is known in the trade as “duping delight”. Part IV HomeworkA Listening TaskListen to the passage and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Some colors that people see late at night could cause (1) signs of the condition mental health experts call clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in (2) low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression.Doctors use the words clinical depression to describe a (3) severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and (4) thoughts of death or suicide.In the new study, American investigators (5) designed an experiment that exposed hamsters to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they (6) sleep during the day and are (7) active at night. The animals were separated into 4 groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light. After four weeks, the researchers noted how much (8) sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the (9) more depressed animals drank the (10) least amount of water.Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in (11) blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is these animals didn’t show any sleep disruptions at all but they did have mucked up circadian clock genes and they did show depressive phenotypes whereas if they were in the (12) dim red light, but they did not.” Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive cells in the retina, have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send (13) signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the(14) natural sleep-wake cycle. He says there is a lot of blue in white light, this explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness. Mr. Nelson has suggestions for people who work late at night, or those who like to stay up late. “My (15) recommendation is if you are just living a typical mostly active (life) during the day, mostly inactive at night, you want to limit the (16) exposure to TVs which are quite (17) bluish in the light they give off and computer screens and things like that. You can get filtered glasses, you can get filters on your computer screen and on your eReaders and that sort of thing to put it more in the (18) reddish light.” The report on the effects of light on emotions was published in The Journal of Neuroscience.。

国家开放大学《理工英语3》章节测试参考答案Unit 1 Green Home Design热身游戏在正式开始学习之前，我们先来完成下面的填空题，热热身吧！green interior design point of view environmentfree of VOCs reducing energy bills non-toxicenvironmentally friendly sustainable interior design1. Green interior design is sometimes called（sustainable interior design）.2. Green interior design is about what is good and what is bad for people’s health and（environment）.3.（Reducing energy bills）is a primary aim of green interior design.4. Saving water is the second aim of（green interior design）.5. Finding furniture and flooring（free of VOCs）, and using VOC-free paint is a key part of green interior design.6. The key words of green interior design are “sustainable”, “recycled”, “（non-toxic）”, “renewable” and “organic”.7. From a green design（point of view）, the main concern is to choose indoor flooring, furniture and paint that are free of chemicals.8. Green interior design uses materials that are the most（environmentally friendly）.边学边练根据对话内容选词填空。

Reading: Text 11.Match the words with their definitions.1g 2a 3e 4b 5c 6d 7j 8f 9h 10i2. Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with thehelp of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.1 symbolic 2distributed 3site 4complex 5identify6fairly 7straightforward 8capability 9target 10attempt11process 12parameter 13interpretation 14technical15range 16exploit 17networking 18involve19 instance 20specification 21accompany 22predictable 23profile3. Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above.ranging from（从……到）arise from some misunderstandings（来自于对……误解）leaves a lot of problems unsolved（留下很多问题没有得到解决）opens a path for（打开了通道）requires a different frame of mind（需要有新的思想）4.Translate the following sentences from Text 1 into Chinese.1) 有些人声称黑客是那些超越知识疆界而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“骇客”才是真正的坏人。