下载文档原格式
2018年1月广东省高等教育自学考试商务英语阅读试题（课程代码 05439）I. Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese (10%)1. inflation2. turnover3. fringe benefit4. bearer bond5. consignment6. mutual fund7. brokerage 8. certificate of origin9. mortgage 10. counter offerⅡ. Translate the following words or phrases Into English (10%)11.经济衰退 12.股权证13.预付款 14.期末存货15.电汇 16.赔偿、偿还17.存款 18.配额、限额19.仲裁 20.风险资本Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks (10%)21. The most major function of money is_________.A. a store of valueB. the unit of accountC. the medium of exchangeD. a standard of deferred payment22. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in economic loss?A. The destruction of one’s home in a fire.B. Loss of income owing to illness.C. Loss of property owing to theft.D. The destruction of one’s property in an accident.23. An insurance policy is_________.A. a government law on insuranceB. a written contract between the insurer and the insuredC. a piece of paper with the insurer’s signature on itD. a set of rules to regulate the insurance market24. Which of the following can NOT be a feature of a bond?A. It has a certain denomination.B. It has a prefixed interest rate.C. It involves high risk.D. It has a prefixed maturity date.25. _________is a small structure with one or more open sides that is used to vend merchandise (as newspapers) or services.A. Telephone boothB. KioskC. NewsstandD. Department store26. Marketers can communicate with large numbers of potential customers at the same timeby_________.A. personal sellingB. direct sellingC. mass sellingD. sending leaflets27. What is meant by“consideration” in a contract?A. An item of considerable value given to the other party.B. An item of value given to the other party.C. Money in exchange of goods.D. Careful thinking before signing a contract.28. To be a wise customer, we must evaluate__________ and choose to buy what is__________.A. the price; the cheapestB. the product quality; of top qualityC. the total product offer; of the best value to usD. the after-sale service; provided with the best after-sale service29. The following are the elements of marketing mix EXCEPT__________.A. priceB. placeC. point-of-saleD. promotion30. What is the major feature of a global marketing strategy?A. uniformityB. flexibilityC. localizationD. diversityIV. In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 15 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding (30%)Passage 1Corporate CultureThe term corporate culture refers to an organization’s value system. Managerial philosophies, workplace practices, and organizational network are included in the concept of corporate culture. Tyson Food’s corporate culture is reflected in the fact that everyone-even CEO Don Tyson wears clothes of a yellowish brown color on the job.The leaders who developed the company and the corporate culture typically shape the corporate culture.One generation of employees passes on a corporate culture to newer employees. Sometimes this is part of formal training. New managers who attend McDonald’s Hamburger University may learn skills in management,but they also pick up the basics of the organization’s corporate culture. Employees can absorb corporate culture through informal contacts as well,by talking with other workers and through their experiences on the job.Corporate culture has a major impact on the success of an organization. In organizations with strong cultures,everyone knows and supports the organizations’objectives.In those with weak cultures, no clear sense of purpose exists. In fact, the authors of the classic book In Search of Excellenceconcluded the presence of a strong corporate culture was the single common thread among many diverse but highly successful companies such as General Electric and McDonald’s.As you can imagine,changing a company’s corporate culture can be very difficult.But some managers try to do just that when they feel the current culture is weak,or when the organization’s objectives change and the old culture no longer fits. Sometimes the competitive situation of a company changes. For instance, electric utilities, which once had their profits guaranteed by public regulation,now face more competition than ever.Firms that were comfortable competing against other American companies now find themselves fighting competitors from overseas, too.Management expert Peter Duckers feels that,rather than trying to change culture,managers should focus on changing employees and corporate practices, as follows.——Define what results are needed. Specify in measurable terms what the organization or department, or office) needs to achieve.——Determine where these results are already being achieved within the current organization. Analyze the departmentsthat are already effective and find out what they are doing differently from the rest.——Determine what top management can do to encourage these good results.Duckers suggests that executives openly ask what they can do to help, and then do it.——Change the reward system-or develop a new one-to recognize these effective practices. When employees realize that the organization really does reward the new approach,they will adoptit much more quickly.Whether one wants to change an organization culture or not,it is importantto choose managers and employees whose personal styles fit the organization’s goals.31. According to the passage, corporate culture _________.A. means the cultural atmosphere in a companyB. is established by top leaders and can’t be changedC. involves the core values of a companyD. has little influence on the performance of a company32. In McDonald’s Hamburger University, new managers _________.A. learn the company’s corporate culture at lengthB. are only interested in learning management skillsC. learn all the necessary skills and practices of the companyD. have chances to know about the company’s corporate culture33. If an organization has a strong corporate culture,_________.A. it can be sure of achieving great successB. it will be as successful as General Electric and McDonald’s pC. its staff tend to work for a common goalD. it may have a strong influence on the market34.One reason why some managers try to change a company’s corporate culture is that_________.A. the existing corporate culture is very strongB. they try to adapt the corporate culture to new situationsC. the company is facing a lot of competitionD. they are not so conservative as the old generation35. Which of the following is NOT advised by Peter Duckers?A. Evaluating different performances of various departments.B. Improving the communication among managers.C. Determine what is to be achieved by the organization.D. Improving the reward system so as to encourage new practices.Passage 2Early Developments in American EconomyEarly American industries depended largely on skilled artisans working in small shops tothserve a local market.But the Industrial Revolution that started in England during the18century did not take long to cross the Atlantic. It brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860. Because labor was scarce in the United States and wages were high, employers welcomed any new method that could reduce the requirement for labor.One key development was the introduction of the factory system,which gathered many workers together in one workplace and produced goods for distribution over a wide area.The first factoryin the United States is generally dated to 1793, when an Englishman named Samuel Slater came to America to build a cotton cloth factory. He built the machinery from memory, because it was a crime to carry factory plant out of England.The success of Slater’s factory started a processof change that turned the northeastern region of the United States into an important manufacturing center. The making of textiles also meant increased demand for cotton, grown in the southern region for the United States. As a result, the nation became a major cotton producer.Another important development was the“American system” of mass production, which originated in the firearms industry about 1800. The new system required precision engineering to create parts that were interchangeable. This, in return, allowed the final product to be assembled in stages, each worker specializing in a specific operation.Just as Slater’s new factory system was being introduced, an American named Eli Whitney made cotton production more efficient by inventing a machine-the cotton gin-that rapidly removedthe seeds from the boils of cotton. Removing the seeds by hand was a difficult task; Whitney’s machine made the job almost easy.Whitney also began manufacturing rifles in a new way.Guns had always been made by gun makers working in their homes or small shops. Because the guns were handmade individually, a part from one gun would not necessarily fit another gun.Whitney began making guns with machinery,so thatall the parts were the same in each gun. This method of manufacturing goods in a factory, with interchangeable parts, helped to advance American industry.In 1913, the automaker Henry Ford introduced the“moving assembly” line. This was a variation on the earlier practice of continuous assembly. By improving efficiency, it made possible a major saving in labor costs. A new breed of industrial managers began the careful study of factory operations with the aim of finding the most efficient ways of organizing tasks. Their concepts of“scientific management”helped to lower the costs of production still further. Lower costs made possible both higher wages for workers and lower prices for consumers. More and more Americans were gaining the ability to purchase products made in the United States. During the first half of the 20th century, mass production of consumer goods such as cars, refrigerators and kitchen ranges helped to revolutionize the ways in which Americans lived.36. In the first paragraph, the author intends to tell us that __________.A. early American industries mainly depended on new methodsB. early American industries mainly depended on people who did skilled work with their handsC. early American industries mainly depended on England industriesD. early American industries mainly depended on new changes37. The first factory in the United States was__________.A. built by an American engineer named Henry FordB. built by an American named Eli WhitneyC. built by an Englishman who built it from memoryD. built by an American who wanted to build a cotton cloth factory38. Another important development was concerning__________.A. the steam enginesB. the mass productionC. the mobile operationD. the textile industry39. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Henry Ford influenced American people’s life.B. Henry Ford influenced all manufacturing systems.C. Henry Ford influenced the manufacture of cars.D. Henry Ford influenced the system of business.40. According to the passage, we can draw the conclusions EXCEPT that __________.A. the production efficiency has greatly been improved by the“American System”B.many other machines such as refrigerators,washing machines and vacuum cleaners are producedon the assembly lineC. with the interchangeable parts, American industries advanced greatlyD. the industrial managers began the careful study of the operations with the aim of reducingthe methodsPassage 3Problems Potential Exporters Are FacingMany firms fail to succeed, because when they begin exporting they have not researched the target markets or developed an international marketing plum.To be successful,a firm must clearly define its goals,objectives and potential problems.Secondly,it must develop a definitive planto accomplish its objectives,regardless of the problems involved.Unless the firm is fortunate enough to possess a staff with considerable expertise, it may not be able to take this crucial first step without qualified outside guidance.Often top management is not committed enough to overcome the initial difficulties and financial requirements of exporting. It can often take more time and effort to establish a firm in a foreign market than in the domestic one. Although the early delays and costs involved in exporting may seem difficult to justify when compared to established domestic trade,the exporter should take a more objective view of this process and carefully monitor international marketing efforts through these early difficulties. If a good foundation is laid for export business, the benefits derived should eventually outweigh the investment.Another problem area is in the selection of the foreign distributor. The complications involved in overseas communications and transportation require international distributors to act with greater independence than their domestic counterparts. Also, since a new exporter’s trademarks and reputation are usually unknown in the foreign market, foreign customers may buy on the strength of the distributing agent’s reputation. A firm should therefore conduct a thorough evaluation of the distributor’s facilities, the personnel handling its account, and the management methods employed.Another common difficulty for the new exporter is the neglect of the export market once the domestic one booms,too many companies only concentrate on exporting when there is a recession. Others may refuse to modify products to meet the regulations or cultural preferences of other countries. Local safety regulations cannot be ignored by exporters. If necessary modifications are not made at the factory,the distributor must make them,usually at a greater cost and probablynot as satisfactorily. It should also be noted that the resulting smaller profit margin makes the account less attractive.If exporters expect distributing agents to actively promote their accounts, they must be trained,and their performance continually monitored.This requires a company marketing executiveto be located permanently in the distributor’s geographical region. It is therefore advisable for new exporters to concentrate their efforts in a few geographical areas until there is sufficient business to support a company representative.The distributor should also be treatedon an equal basis with domestic counterparts. For example, special discount offers, sales incentive program and special credit terms should be available.Considering a joint-venture or licensing agreement is another option for new exporters. However, many companies still dismiss international marketing as unviable. There are a number of reasons for this.There may be import restrictions in the target market,the company may lack sufficient financial resources, or its product line may be too limited. Yet, many products that can compete on a national basis can be successful in the majority of world markets. In general, all that is needed for success is flexibility in using the proper combinations of marketing techniques.41.In the first paragraph,the writer suggests that firms thinking about exporting should______.A. get professional adviceB. study international marketingC. identify the most profitable marketsD. have different objectives to other exporters42. The writer believes that if sufficient preparation is undertaken ______.A. initial difficulties can be easily avoidedB. the costs can be recovered quite quicklyC. management will become more committedD. the exporter will be successful in the long term43. An exporter should choose a distributor who ______.A. has experienced personnelB. has good communication skillsC. is well-established in the target marketD. is not financially dependent on the import business44. New exporters often make the mistake of ignoring the export market when ______.A. distribution costs are too highB. their product is selling well at homeC. there is a global economic recessionD. distributors cannot make safety modifications45. For a distributor to be successful, the exporter must______.A. focus on one particular regionB. finance local advertising campaignsC. give the same support as to domestic agentsD. make sure there are sufficient marketing staff locallyV. Read the following passages and finish the exercises of each one (40%)Passage 4Human-resource ManagementIf sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast,in Japan the head of human-resource management is central-usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces,in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focusedon the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result,problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive.If American workers,for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States.More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed.The result is lower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the p opulation affect the wagesof the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated,the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.A. Mark the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage (10%)46. The management of human resources in American companies sees the gaining of skills as theiremployees’ own business.47.The head of human-resource management in an American firm is directly under the chief financialexecutives in the firms.48.The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to workers who lack basic backgroundskills.49.According to the passages,the decisive factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantageis the rational composition of professional and managerial employees.50.According to the passage,the human-resource management strategies of American firms affecttheir competitive capacity.Passage 5Introduction to CompaniesThe General Nature of Companies(56) A company is a form of business organization which is owned by all those who investin it.These investors are known as shareholders as they own or“hold”a share of the company. The size of their share of the company will depend upon the amount of money they have invested in it.The total investment by all of the shareholders is known as the share capital of the company. Thus, unlike a sole trader, where one person owns the business, or a partnership, where a small number of people own a business,a company may be owned by several hundred or even several thousand shareholders.Obviously, all of these people cannot be involved in running the company. Instead, the shareholders appoint directors to run the company on their behalf,if the directors run the company efficiently and make a profit, the shareholders will receive a dividend each year as a return on their investment.Characteristics of CompaniesThe characteristics of companies differ in several respects from both sole traders and partnerships. The following are among the more important differences.Separate Legal Entity(57)A unique feature of a company is that,no matter how many individuals have bought sharesin it, it is treated in its dealings with the outside world as if it was a person in its own right. It is said to be a separate legal entity. Just as the law can create this separate legal person,so also can it eliminate it,but its existence can only be terminated by using the proper legal procedures.Thus, the identity of the shareholders in a large concern may be changing daily as shares are bought and sold by different people. On the other hand, a small private company may have the same shareholders from the date it is incorporated (the day it legally came into being), until the date when liquidation is completed (the cessation of the company, often known alsoas“winding up” or being“wound up”). A prime example of its identity as a separate legal entity is that it may sue its own shareholders, or in turn be sued by them.Limited LiabilityMost companies are“limited” companies. This means that any shareholder who has paidfor the share (s) which he has bought cannot be forced to pay more money into the company if, for example, it is making losses or has gone into liquidation. (58) Thus, the maximum amountof money any shareholder can lose by investing in a company is the amount he has invested.Unlikein sole traders or partnerships a shareholder in a limited company cannot be forced to sell his house, car, etc. to pay the debts of the business.If a shareholder has not paid in full for the shares he has agreed to buy,he can be forcedto pay the balance owing on the shares. Once he has paid that amount he cannot be forced to pay any further amount. Thus, his liability is limited to the amount he has agreed to pay but has not yet paid.This is known as limited liability and the company is known as a limited company. It is important to note that it is the liability of the shareholders that is limited not the liabilityof the company.(59)Companies can incur debts well beyond what they are able to pay and therefore their liabilities can exceed their assets.companies, in which There are, as will be seen later, some companies, known as unlimitedthe liability of the shareholders is not limited. Limited liability and the ability to raise large amounts of finance are the principal reasons why limited companies are the most common form of business organization.Public Companies and Private CompaniesBroadly speaking, there are two classes of company, the public company and the private company. Public companies are also known as PLCs, that is, public limited companies.A private company may not have less than two,or more than fifty,shareholders(excluding employees and ex-employees)and may not offer its shares to the general public.Once some someone has purchased shares in a private company the right to transfer those shares to someone elseis severely restricted.A PLC is a company which fulfils the following conditions:.It must be able to issue share capital of at least 30, 000;. It must have at least seven shareholders. There is no maximum;. Its name must end with the words“public limited company” the abbreviation“plc”.A private company is usually, but not always, smaller than a public company.The shares that are dealt in on the Stock Exchange are all of public limited companies. This does not mean that all public companies’ shares are traded on the Stock Exchange, as, for various reasons, some public companies have either chosen not to, or not been allowed to, havetheir share traded there. The ones that are traded in are known as quoted companies or listed companies meaning that the price of shares in them is quoted (or listed) by the Stock Exchange. Quoted companies have to comply with Stock Exchange rules and regulations.Share Capital and DividendsA shareholder in a limited company obtains his reward for investing in the form of a shareof the profits, known as a dividend. (60) The directors decide how much of the profits is tobe retained in the company and used for expansion. Out of the profits remaining they propose the payment of a certain amount of dividend. The shareholders cannot propose a dividend for themselves higher than that already proposed by the directors. They can, however, propose that a lesser dividend should be paid, although this action is very rare. If the directors propose that no dividend be paid, then the shareholders are powerless to alter the decision.The decision by the directors as to the amount proposed as dividends is a very complex one.Such matters as the effect of taxation,the availability of bank balances to pay the dividends, the possibility of take-over bids and so on will all be taken into account.Dividends are usually expressed as a percentage of the share capital. A dividend of 10%in Company A on 500, 000 Common Shares of£ 1 each will amount to£ 50, 000, or a dividend of 6% in Company B on 200, 000 Common Shares of£ 2 each will amount to£24, 000. A shareholder having 100 shares in each firm would receive£10 from Company A and£12 from Company B.B. Choose the best answer for the following questions (10%)51. A most significant difference between a public company and a small private company lies in that ________.A. a public company has more shareholders than a private companyB.the shareholders of a public company can secure a dividend each year whereas the shareholdersof a private company does notC.the identity of the shareholders of a public company may be changing daily whereas the identityof the shareholders of a private company almost remains the sameD. a public company is treated as a separate legal entity whereas a private company is not52. Which of the following statements is true?A. Unlike a sole trader or partnership a shareholder in an unlimited company can forced to sellhis house or car to pay the debts of the business.B. Like a sole trader or partnership a shareholder in a limited company also faces the risk ofbeing forced to sell his house or car to pay the debts of the business.C. The liabilities of a limited company cannot exceed its assets.D. The liability of a shareholder of a limited company is limited to what he has invested init.53. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The number of a private company’s shareholders may not exceed fifty.B. A PLC must have at least seven shareholders.C. A PLC is always larger than a private company.D. Listed companies are those whose shares are traded on Stock Exchange.54. The shareholders of a PLC have the right to do all of the following EXCEPT___________.A. attend general meetings of the companyB. vote for directors at a general meeting of the companyC. propose a dividend for themselves higher than that already proposed by the boardD. propose a dividend less than that already proposed by the board55. When the directors decide the amount proposed as dividends, they have to take into consideration all the following EXCEPT __________.A. the effect of taxationB. whether they have enough money on the account to pay the dividendsC. the number of the company’s shareholdersD.whether they have enough reserves possibly to be used to take over some other company throughStock ExchangeC. Translate the underlined sentences into Chinese (56) (57) (58) (59) (60) (10%)D. Answer the following questions according to your understanding of the passage (10%)61. What are the major differences among companies, sole traders and partnerships according tothe passage?62. Why do most companies nowadays adopt the form of limited companies?。
商务英语考试阅读理解词汇表2017年商务英语考试阅读理解词汇表搭错车followawrongtrain;joininawronggroup;followawrongexample;wro ngactbecauseofwrongjudgementorrashimitation搭售conditionalsale;tie-insale搭送throwin达标活动targethittingactivities答谢宴会returnbanquet打白条issueIOU打包贷款packingcredit(loan)打包儿usedoggybagstotakefoodhome打保票vouchforsomebody;guaranteesomething打出王牌playone'strumpcard打翻身战fighttochangeforthebetter打工doworkforothers打黑crackdownonspeculationandprofiteering打击报复conductreprisals;retaliate打击非法投机活动strikeoutatspeculation;crackdownonspeculation打假crackdownoncounterfeitgoods打假办OfficeofCrackingdownonFakeProducts打卡机punchmachine打开天窗说亮话putallardsonthetable;speakfrankly;let'snotmincematters 打口碟crackedCD打破“三铁”breaktheThreeIrons:ironarmchairs(life-timeposts),ironricebowl(life-timeemployment)andironwages(guaranteedpay)打破僵局breakthedeadlock打顺手"findone'stouch,getintogear,settleintoagroove"打私combatsmuggling打问号havesomequestionordoubt打小报告的人squealer打游击workinunfixedplaces;workasaseasonallabour大案要案majorcases大包大揽takeontheallthings大包大揽belly-worship大包干all-roundresponsibilitysystem大病统筹comprehensivearrangementforseriousdisease大藏经Tripitaka大酬宾givealargediscounttoone'scustomersorguests大出血makeabigmarkdown大而全largeandcomprehensive;largeandall-inclusive大规模杀伤性武器massdestructionweapon大锅饭egalitarianpracticeofeveryonetakingfoodfromthesamebigpot大轰动blockbuster大环境thesocial,politicalandeconomicenvironment;theover-allsituation大换血anoverallrenewalofthemembershipofanorganization大减价markdownsales大贱卖bigoffering大奖赛prize-givingcompetition大开眼界openone'seyes;broadenone'shorizon;beaneye-opener大款tycoon大力扣杀hammer。
商务英语阅读单词第一课1.illegal migrant 非法移民2.guest workers 外来工人临时工人3.unemployment rate 失业率4.immigration policy 移民政策5.permanent-resident status 永久居住权6.foreign aid 外援7.foreign direct investment 外国直接投资8.private capital 私人资本9.gross domestic product 国内生产总值/doc/5016627388.html,bor mobility 人员流动11.think tank 智囊团12.trickle down benefits13.brain drain 人才外流14.Home Secretary 内政大臣15.work permits 工作许可16.immigrant visa 移民签证17.deportation program 驱逐出境18.tourism revenues 旅游收入19.hard currency 硬通货20.infrastructure projects 基础建设项目第二课1.economic inequality 经济不平等2.thought-experiment 假想3.average incomes平均收入4.industrial economies工业经济体、发达国家5.international monetary fund国际货币基金组织6.inflation-adjusted GDP 扣除涨价因素7. a line of best fit最优曲线8.global capitalism全球资本主义9.living standard生活标准10.national accounts国民账户11.absolute terms绝对价值计算12.acute poverty赤贫13.head count人口数14.consumption poverty消费贫困15.income poverty收入贫困16.national incomes国民收入17.international economic integration国际经济一体化18.free market capitalism自由市场资本主义19.household surveys家庭调查20.income distribution收入分配第三课1.fixed exchange rate 固定汇率2.trade surplus 贸易顺差3.free movement of goods货物的自由流通4.currency convertibility 货币兑换5.short-term cash flow 短期资金流6.balance-of-payments 国际收支平衡7.quota system 配额制8.special drawing rights 特别提款权9.debtor countries 债权国10.power plants 发电厂11.economic take-off 经济腾飞12.soft loans 软贷款13.member states 成员国14.trade sanctions 贸易制裁15.dispute settlement panel 争端解决委员会16.most favored nation clause 最惠国待遇17.national treatment clause 国民待遇条款18.fresh water 淡水资源19.multilateral trading system 多边贸易体系20.old gold standard 旧的金本位第四课1.structure of power 权力结构2.cold war system 冷战体系3.sphere of influence 势力范围4.regulated trade 管制贸易5.iron curtain 铁幕6.free-market capitalism自由市场资本主义7.foreign direct investment 外国直接投资8.cultural homogenization 文化同质化9.technological breakthroughs 技术突破10.mass-energy equation 智能方程11.sumo wrestling 相扑12.high-tech firm 高新企业13.lose orders 失去订单14.foreign reserves 外汇储备15.long-term capital management长期资本管理16.Industry transforming 工业转型/doc/5016627388.html,munist camp 共产主义阵营18.dominant ideas 主义意识形态19.nuclear annihilation 核威慑20.export-led growth 出口导向性增长第五课1.Saving banks 储蓄银行2.per capita incomes 人均收入3.current account deficit 往来账户赤字4.inflation pressures 膨胀压力5.Equity markets 股票市场6.external inflows 外部资金流动7.credit spreads 信用差价8.long-dated futures 长期交易9.public debt-to-GDP ratios10.economic momentum 经济动力11.unfavorable investment climates 不利的投资环境12.soft patch 软补13.monetary tightening 货币紧缩/doc/5016627388.html,monwealth of Independent States独联体15.central banks 央行16.domestic demand 国内需求17.Euro depreciation 欧元贬值18.rigid labor market 刚性的劳务市场19.emerging markets 新兴市场20.long-term treasury bonds 长期的国库券第六课1.junk mail 垃圾邮件2.spam filtering software 垃圾过滤软件3.online behavior 网上行为4.virus writer 黑客5.E-tailers 电子零售商6.venture capitalists 风险投资家7.inbox 收件箱8.drafts 草稿9.sent 已发送10.trash 垃圾邮件11.forward 转发12.wireless link 无线连接13.domain name 域名14.white list 白名单15.unsolicited mails 未经请求的邮件16.miracle pills 特效药17.spam-spewing machine 大量发出垃圾邮件的机器18.cyber crime division 网络犯罪部门19.first class and business class 头等舱和商务舱20.digital locks 电子锁第七课1.Broadband internet access 宽带连接2.Social networking 网络社交3.National pi day 全国数学节4.Check e-mail 查收邮件5.Surf the web 网上冲浪6.Around the clock 夜以继日7.Hog phone lines 占用电话线8.Dial-up counterparts 发号上网的用户9.Internet-savvy youth 网络操作的年轻人10.Baby boomers 婴儿潮11.Keep blogs 更博12.Instant message 即时消息13.High-speed connections 高速连接14.Copyright scofflaws 盗用版权15.Consumer behavior 消费行为16.Lord of rings 指环王17.Advertising sponsors 广告赞助商18.Distance leaning 远程学习19.Real-life classroom 真是课堂20.Wireless carrier 无线运行商第八课1.Trade secret 商业秘密2.Mass production 大量生产3.Distribution costs 发行费用4.Regional needs 区域需求5.Sports-utility vehicles 运动型运载车6.Core technology 核心科技7.Low-value-added production 低增值生产8.Defect rate 缺陷率9.Inventory costs 存货成本装配过程10.Assembly process装配过程11.Construction-machinery maker 建筑机械生产商12.Global-positioning systems\hydraulic excavators 全球定位系统液压挖土机13.Sours loans 坏账14.Defective products 有缺陷的产品15.Flat-panel TV 平板电视16.Technological edge 技术优势17.High profit margins 高利润空间18.Electronics sector 电子行业19.Focused suppliers 集中供应商20.Liquid-crystal display panel 液晶显示屏第九课1.Apparel quota 纺织品配额2.Multi-fiber arrangement 多纤维协定3.Import licenses 进口许可证4.Market access 市场准入5.Import duty 进口关税6.Survival of the fittest 适者生存7.Anti-dumping penalty 反倾销惩罚/doc/5016627388.html,y off 下岗9.State-owned enterprises 国企10.Bargaining chip 交易筹码11.Duty-free products 免税品12.Minimum wage 最低工资13.International labor standard 国际劳工标准14.Export earnings 出口收入15.Selling point 卖点16.Severance pay 遣散费17.High-quality synthetic fiber 高品质合成纤维18.Expand capacity 夸大生产能力19.Domestic market 国内市场20.Dominant players 主导者21.Industry structure 产业结构第十课Pension funds 养老基金Treasury bonds 国库债券Mortgage 按揭Credit crunch 信贷紧缩Flood of liquidity 资金流动Business cycle 商业周期Fictitious capital 虚拟资本hypnotherapy credit 抵押信贷economic downturn 经济滑坡Looming shortage 迫在眉睫的短缺Cash hoard 现金囤积Speculative spasms 投机痉挛1.Post bubble era 后泡沫时代2.Tech stocks 科技股3.Real estate 房地产4.Price-to-earnings ratio 价格收益率5.Bond market 债券市场6.Shortage of capital 资金短缺7.Emerging markets 新兴市场8.Bank loans 银行贷款9.Foreign exchange market 外汇市场10.Capital flows 资金流11.Digit annual rates 两位数的年收益率12.Prime locations 黄金地段13.High-yield junk bonds 高收益垃圾证券14.Hot money 热钱15.Hedge fund 对冲基金16.Internet portals 门户网站17.Nikkei index 日基指数18.Oil tycoon 石油大亨19.Market bounce 市场反弹20.National debt 国债第十一课1.Independent directors 独立董事2.Accounting scandal 会计丑闻3.Shareholder value 股东利益4.Audit committee 审计委员会5.Board of supervisors 监事会6.Succession planning 继任计划7.Bookkeeping error 账目录入错误8.Lease expenses 租赁费用9.Stock options 优先股10.Risky deals 风险交易11.Gray-area accounting 灰色账目12.Board members 董事会成员13.Micromanagement微管理14.International expansion海外扩张/doc/5016627388.html,ckluster performance业绩不佳16.High-performing No.2能力超群的二号人物17.Search firms调查公司18.Top-notch directors一流董事19.Sitting CEOs在任首席执行官20.Strengths and weaknesses优缺点21.Accounting firms会计师事务所22.Buyer’s market买方市场23.Seller’s market卖方市场24.Cross-selling交叉销售第十二课1.Mobile handset 手机2.raw materials 原材料3.finished goods 制成品4.supply lines 供应线5.Assembly lines 装配线6.line production 流水生产7.lean production 精益生产8.just-in-time supply 及时供应9.Incoming parts 进货10.outgoing products 出货11.Build to order (BTO) 按客户需求下订单12.accumulated stocks 累计存货13.freight transport industry 货运业14.road-haulage companies 陆货15.Rail freight firms 铁运公司16.shipping lines of air-cargo firms 空运公司的海运线17.parcel and express-delivery services 包裹快递服务18.truck fleet 车队19.freight forwarders 货物转运20.warehouse-management firms 仓储管理公司/doc/5016627388.html,puterized production system 电算化的生产系统22.radio-frequency identification 无线射频识别第十四课1.Equity capital 股权资产2.Receivables 应收款项3.Distribution channel 分销渠道4.Top quality products 高质量产品5.Superior service 最优服务6.Cash flow 现金流7.Balance sheet 资产负债表8.Trade shows 贸易展览会9.Specialty chain stores 专卖店10.Buying decision 购买决定11.In-person sales presentation 直销12.Market entrance 市场准入13.Overseas suppliers 海外供应商14.Leadership position 领先地位15.Inventory planning 库存计划16.Defective products 残次品17.Face-to-face selling 直销18.Advertising budget 广告预算19.Press release 新闻发布会20.Founding partners 创建人21.Sales reps 推销员22.Back-up support 后备支持23.Warehouse space 厂房面积24.Tentative agreement 意向书。
《商务英语阅读》试题（A 卷） 第 1 页 共8页《商务英语阅读》试题（A 卷） 第 2页 共8页教学点： 年级： 专业： 层次: 姓名： 学号： 座位号:密封线内请不要答题广东外语外贸大学成人高等教育商务英语错误!未找到引用源。
（专科）2018学年第1学期《商务英语阅读》试题（A 卷）年级: 考试形式: 闭卷 考试时间: 90分钟Part I Multiple Choices (15 points, 1 point each) Direction.Ther.ar.1.incomplet.sentence.i.thi.part.Fo.eac.sentenc.ther.ar.fou.Choice.marke.A.B..a 1. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, _______ and perfected now. A.developed B.hav .developed C.ar.bein.developedD.wil.hav .bee.develope.2. Y ou _______ her in her office last Friday; she’s been out of town for two weeks. A.needn ’.hav .seen B.mus.hav .seen C.migh.hav .seenD.can ’.hav .seen3. She’s always been kind to me – I can’t just turn ______on her now that she needs my help. A.m.back B.m.head C.m.eye D.shoulder4. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs _______ directed. A.like B.so C.which D.as5. The _______ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly the gap between researchers and teachers. A.joint B.intensive C.overall D.decisive6. W e can accept your order _______ payment is made in advance. A.i.th.belie.that B.i.orde.that C.o.th.excus.that D.o.conditio.that7. The medical experts warned the authorities of the danger of diseases in the _______ of the earthquake. A.consequence B.aftermath C.results D.effect8. Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware _______ price. A.o.accoun.of B.regardles.of C.i.additio.to D.no.t.mention 9. I am surprised _______ this city is a dull place to live in. A.tha.yo.woul.think B.b.wha.yo.ar.thinkin. C.tha.yo.shoul.think D.wit.wha.yo.wer.thinking 10. Don’t let the child play with scissors _______ he cuts himself. A.i.case B.s.that C.no.that D.onl.if 11. They always give the vacant seats to _______ comes first. A.whoever B.whomever C.who D.whom12. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _______ itcomes to classroom tests. A.when B.since C.before D.after13. Personal computers are no longer something beyond the ordinary people; they are _______ available these days.A.promptlyB.instantlyC.readilyD.quickly14. Owing to _______ competition among the airlines, travel expenses have been reduced considerably . A.fierce B.strained C.eager D.critical 15. Doctor often ______uneasiness in the people they deal with. A.smell B.sense C.hear D.tough Part II Word Match (15 points, 1 point each) Direction.Matc.th.followin.word.wit.thei.definition.withi.eac.grou.o.fiv.words.Writ.dow.th.matche Group 11. authentic A.havin.power.o.learning.reasonin.o.understanding2. commitment B.twist.changin.shape3. exaggerate C..promis.o.decisio.t.d.something4. intelligent D.real.tru.an.accurate5. distortion E.sa.mor.tha.th.trut.abou.something Group 26. authority A.basic.central.formin.th.necessar.basi.o.something7. donate B.somethin.tha.i.considere.mor.importan.tha.othe.matters8. substantial C.th.righ.o.abilit.t.control9. priority D.giv .somethin.fo.th.benefi.o.others 10.fundamentalPart III Sentence Completion (10 points, 1 point each)1. Georg.i.no.onl..skillfu.painter.bu.als.._____.writer.(talent)2. Th._______.Joh.t.Mar.wa.announce.i.th.newspaper.yesterday .(engage)3. .lov .th.movi.becaus.th.______.i.m.favorite.(act)《商务英语阅读》试题（A 卷）第 3 页 共8页《商务英语写阅读》试题（A 卷） 第 4 页 共8页密封线4. ______.t.say .thi.absent-minde.professo.lef.hi.umbrell.i.th.classroo.again. (need)5. I'.afrai.th.gir.i..littl._______.fo.he.ag.an.height.(weight)6. Becaus.o.hi.______mitte.suicide.(responsibility)7. Readin.Englis.novel.help.______.you.vocabulary .(large)8. Hi.conduc._____.wit.hi.words.s.no.nobod.believe.i.him.(agree) 9..wa.annoye.b.tha._________.man.(mind.narrow)10. Mos.peopl.thin.tha.w.hav .mor.natura.resource.tha.w .need.bu.i.i.no._______. true.(necessary)Part IV Cloze (20points, 1 point each) Direction.Fo.eac.blan.i.th.followin.passage.choos.th.mos.suitabl.wor.fro.thi.lis.o.word.provide.un.A Thirsty World Th.worl.i.no.onl.hungry.i.i.als.thirst.fo.water.Thi.ma.see.strang.t.you.(1.____.nearl.7.pe.cen.o.th.earth ’.surfac.i.covere.wit.water.Bu.abou.9.pe.cen.o.thi.hug.(2.____.th.(3.____..pe.cen..th.fres.wate.(4.____.(5.____.o.that.becaus.som.o.i.i.i.th.(6.____.o.iceberg.an.glaciers.However.(7.____.thing.stan.today .thi.smal.amoun.o.fres.water.whic.i.constantl.(8.____.replace.b.rainfall.i.stil.en .Bu.ou.nee.(9.____.wate.i.increasin.rapidl..almos.da.b.day .Onl.i.w .(10.____.step.t.dea.wit.thi.proble.no.(11.____te.on..limite.wate.suppl.woul.hav .(12.____.ba.effec.o.agricultur.an.industr y .W .al.hav .t.lear.(13.____.t.sto.wastin.ou.preciou.water.On.o.th.firs.step.w .(14.____.tak.i.t.develo.way .o.reusin.it.Expe riment.hav .alread.bee.don.i.thi.field.bu.onl.(15.____..smal.scale.(16.____.eve.i.ever.cit.purifie.an.reuse.it.water.w .stil.woul.no.hav .(17._____.Al.we ’.hav .o.th.vas.(18.____.o.se.wate.i.th.worl.i.(19.____.th.salt.An.the.we ’l.b.i.(20.____.dange.o.dryin.up.Part V Reading Comprehension (40 points,2 points each) Directions.Ther.ar.fiv.passage.i.thi.part.Eac.passag.i.followe.b.fiv.question.o.unfinishe.statements.Fo.eac.question.ther.ar.fou.choice.marke.A.B..an.D.Y o.shoul.choos.th.bes.answer.The.mar.th.correspondin.lette.o.th.Answe.Shee.wit..singl.lin.throug.th.center. Passage 1 Ever.anima.i..livin.radiato..hea.forme.i.it.cell.i.give.of.throug.it.skin.W arm-bloode.animal.maintai..stead.temper atur.b.constantl.replacin.los.surfac.heat.smalle.animals.whic.hav .mor.ski.fo.ever.ounc.o.bod.weight.mus.produc.hea.fa ste.tha.bigge.ones.Becaus.smalle.animal.bur.fue.faster.scientist.sa.the.liv .faster. e.oxyge.eigh.time.a.fast.i.i.sai.tha.th.mouse-lik.shre.i.livin.eigh.time.a.fas.a.th.chicken.Th.smalles.o.th.warm-bloode.creatures.th.hummingbird.live..hundre.time.a.fas.a.a.elephant. Ther.i..limi.t.ho.smal..warm-bloode.anima.ca.be..mamma.o.bir.tha.weighe.onl.tw .an..hal.gram.woul.starv .t.deat h.I.woul.bur.u.it.foo.to.rapidl.an.woul.no.b.abl.t.ea.fas.enoug.t.suppl.mor.fuel. 1. The passage says that every animal is a living radiator because it_____. A.produce.hea.i.it.bod.cells B.burn.fue.t.produc.heatC.send.ou.hea.fro.it.bodiesD.require.oxyge.t.produc.heat 2. W arm-blooded animals maintain a steady temperature by_____.A.restorin.hea.continuallyB.storin.hea.i.thei.bod.cellsC.regulatin.th.amoun.o.hea.producedD.regulatin.th.amoun.o.hea.give.off 3. The amount of oxygen an animal uses depends on_____. A.ho.muc.i.weighs B.wha.foo.i.eatsC.wha.i.i.likeD.ho.lon.i.lives4. An animal weighing less than 2.5 grams would starve because it would not be able to _____.A.ge.enoug.oxygenB.maintai.it.bod.temperatureC.bur.it.foo.fas.enoughD.ea.fas.enoug.t.suppl.fuel 5. What is implied but not stated in the passage? rg..warm-bloode.anima.ca.be. B.Th.hummingbir.live.faste.tha.an.othe.warm-bloode.creature. C.Smal.animal.hav rg.ones.D.Th.hummingbir.i.th.smalles.o.th.warm-bloode.animals. Passage 2 n.ofte.li.ver.clos.t.on.another. Peopl.livin.i.Bakersfield.fo.instance.ca.visi.th.Pacifi.Ocea.an.th.coasta.plain.th.fertil.Sa.Joaqui.Valley.th.ari.Moj es.I.othe.area.i.i.possibl.t.g.sno.skiin.i.th.mornin.an.surfi n.i.th.evenin.o.th.sam.day.withou.havin.t.trave.lon.distances.Contras.abound.i.California.Th.highes.poin.i.th.Unite.State.(outsid.Alaska.i.i.California.an.s.i.th.lowes.poin.(inc ludin.Alaska)es. kes.I.ha.kes.lik.O kebeds. kes.valleys.deserts.an.plateaus.Californi.ha.it.Pacifi.coastline.stretchin.longe.tha.th.coastli bined.《商务英语阅读》试题（A 卷） 第 5 页 共8页《商务英语阅读》试题（A 卷） 第 2页 共8页教学点： 年级： 专业： 层次: 姓名： 学号： 座位号:密封线内请不要答题6. Which of the following is the lowest point in the United States? k.Tulainyo. B.Mojav.Desert. C.Deat.Valley. D.Th.Salto.Sea.7. Where is the highest point in the United States located? k.Tahoe. B.Sierr.Nevada. C.Moun.Whitney. D.Alaska.8. How far away is Death Valley from Mount Whitney? es. es. C.28.feet. D.1.49.feet.9. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as being within a radius of about 100 miles of Bakersfield? A.Th.Pacifi.Ocean. B.Sa.Joaqui.Valley. C.Mojav.Desert. D.Orego.an.Washington.10. Which statement best demonstrates that California is a land of variety and contrast? k.Tulainyo. B.I.i.possibl.t.g.surfin.an.sno.skiin.i.som.part.o.Californi.withou.havin.t. trave.lon.distance. C.Sierr.Nevada.Sa.Joaqui.Valley.Mojav.Deser.an.th.Pacifi.Ocea.al.li.withi.. es. k.a.all. Passage 3 Childre.ar..relativel.moder.invention.Unti..fe.hundre.year.ag.the.di.no.exist.I.medieva.an.Renaissanc.pai ntin.yo.se.pint-size.me.an.women.wearin.grown-u.clothe.an.grown-u.expressions.performin.grown-u.tasks.C hildre.di.no.exis.becaus.th.famil.a.w.kno.i.ha.no.evolved. Childre.toda.no.onl.exist.the.hav.take.over.i.n.plac.mor.tha.i.America.an.a.n.tim.mor.tha.now.I.i.alway.Kids.Countr.here.Ou.civilizatio.i.child-centered.child-obsessed..kid ’.bod.i.ou.physica.ideal.I.Kid ’e. W.ar.th.firs.societ.i.whic.parent.expec.t.lear.fro.thei.children.Suc..topsy-turv.(颠倒.abou.a.leas.i.par.because.unlik.th.res.o.th.world.our.i.a.immigran.society.an.fo.immigran.t h.onl.hop.i.i.th.kids.I.th.Ol.Country.tha.is.Europe.hop.wa.i.th.farther.an.ho.muc.wealt.h.coul.accumulat.an.pa s.alon.t.hi.children.I.th.growt.patter.o.Americ.an.it.ever-expandin.frontier.th.youn.ma.wa.eve.advise.t.G.WE ST.th.farthe.wa.eve.inheritin.fro.hi.son.Kids.Countr.ma.b.th.inevitabl.result. .true.I.was.afte.all..boy ’.gam.t.g.t.th.moo n. If in the old days children did not exist, it seems equally true today that adults, as a class, have begun to disappear, condemning all of us to remain boys and girls forever, jogging and doing push-ups (俯卧撑) against eternity .11. The author uses the example of the Renaissance painting to show that _______. A.adult.showe.les.concer.fo.childre.tha.w .d.now B.adult.wer.smalle.an.thinne.a.tha.time.bu.the.stil.ha..lo.o.wor.t.do C.childre.looke.an.acte.lik.adult.a.tha.time D.childre.wer.no.permitte.t.appea.i.famil.painting.a.tha.time12. In the third paragraph, the Old Country is contrasted with America _______. A.t.sho.difference.i.famil.size B.t.sho.difference.i.attitude.toward.famil.relations C.t.so.tw .kind.o.geography D.t.sho.tw .differen.kind.o.economi.relation.betwee.generations 13. Going to the moon is an example of _______. A.America ’.dream.an.creativity B.America ’.childis.an.quee.behavior C.wh.Americ.hasn ’.grow .up D.wh.Americ.i.considere.th.greates.countr.i.th.world 14. According to the passage, which of the following is true? A.I.i.ver.difficul.fo.th.middle-age.t.liv .i.America. B.Americ.i.Kids.Countr.becaus.th.majorit.o.it.peopl.ar.youn.an.vigorous. C.Kids.Countr.wa.takin.shap.i.Americ.whe.immigrant.poure.int.th.country D.Americ.i.mor.o.Kids.Countr.tha.an.othe.countrie.i.th.world.15. By saying “condemning all of us to remain boys and girls forever, jogging doing push -ups against eternity ,” the author means that _______. A.sh.think.peopl.shouldn ’.b.s.concerne.abou.physica.fitness B.sh.feel.to.ol.an.tire.t.d.suc.har.exercise C.America.societ.i.overemphasizin.yout.an.physica.appearance D.wha.happene.t.childre.centurie.ag.ma.occu.t.adult.i.Americ.soon Passage 4 mo.snak.i.Britai.i.th.adder.I.Scotland.i.fact.ther.ar.n.othe.snake.a.all.Th.adde.i.als.th.onl.Britis.sn ak.wit..poisonou.bite.I.ca.b.foun.almos.anywhere.bu.prefer.sunn.hillside.an.roug.ope.country .includin.hig.ground.I.Ire lan.ther.ar.n.snake.a.all. Mos.peopl.regar.snakebite.a..fata.misfortune.bu.no.al.bite.ar.serious.an.ver.fe.ar.fatal.Sometime.attempt.a.emerg enc.treatmen.tur.ou.t.b.mor.dangerou.tha.th.bit.itself.wit.amateur.heroically .bu.mistakenly .tryin.do-it-yoursel.surger.an .othe.unnecessar.measures. Al.snake.hav .smal.teeth.s.i.follow .tha.al.snake.ca.bite.bu.onl.th.bit.o.th.adde.present.an.danger.Britis.snake.ar.sh.animal.an.ar.fa.mor.frightene.o.yo.tha.yo.coul.possibl.b.o.them.Th.adde.wil.attac.onl.i.i.feel.threatened.a.ca.happe.i.yo .tak.i.b.surpris.an.ste.o.i.accidentall.o.i.yo.tr.t.catc.i.o.pic.i.up.whic.i.dislike.intensely .I.i.hear ing.i.wil.normall.g e.ou.o.th.wa.a.quickl.a.i.can.bu.adder.canno.mov .ver.rapidl.an.ma.attac.befor.movin.i.yo.ar.ver.close. Th.effec.o..bit.varie.considerably .I.depend.upo.severa.things.on.o.whic.i.th.body-weigh.o.th.perso.bitten.Th.big ge.th.person.th.les.harmfu.th.bit.i.likel.t.be.whic.i.wh.childre.suffe.fa.mor.seriousl.fro.snak.bite.tha.adults..health.perso .wil.als.hav .bette.resistanc.agains.th.poison. V ery few people actually die from snakebites in Britain, and though these bites can make some people very ill, there are probably just as many cases of bites having little or no effect, as there are of serious illness. 16. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.Th.adde.i.th.onl.poisonou.snak.i.Britain. B.I.Scotlan.ther.ar.n.othe.snake.excep.th.adder. C.Snak.bite.see.mor.dangerou.tha.the.actuall.are. D.People ’.attempt.a.emergenc.treatmen.ar.utterl.unnecessary . 17. Adder.ar.mos.likel.t.b.foun._______. A.i.wilde.part.o.Britai.an.Ireland B.i.Scotlan.an.nowher.else n.throughou.Britain D.i.shad.field.i.England18. W e are told that British snakes are _____. A.afrai.o.huma.beings B.poisonou.includin.th.adder C.dangerou.excep.th.adder D.friendl.toward.huma.beings班级____________________ 学号______----------------------------------------密-------------------------------------《商务英语阅读》试题（A 卷）第 7 页 共8页《商务英语写阅读》试题（A 卷） 第 8 页 共8页密封线19. When will the adder not attack you? A.Whe.yo.tr.t.catc.it.B.Whe.yo.ar.som.distanc.awa.fro.it.C.Whe.yo.happe.t.ste.o.it.D.Whe.yo.tr.t.pic.i.up.20. If an adder hears you coming, it will usually ______. A.attac.yo.immediately B.disappea.ver.quickly C.wai.t.frighte.you D.mov .ou.o.th.way B.Drunke.Drivers.C.Drunke.Pedestria.Accidents.D..Sever.Highwa.Safet.Problem.。
Unit 1Practice 1因特网的发明，无疑是为人类提供了一大福利。
网络使人们的生活更加舒服容易。
不论是搜索引擎、合作软件还是社交平台，敲几下键盘你就能够知道世界各地发生的事情。
与十五到二十年前的生活相比，这是一个巨大转变。
便携式计算机和智能手机的出现加速了传统办公环境向更加多样化办公场所的转变。
Practice 2移动办公通过WiFi 连接及4G 网络为用户提供方便、即时、可靠、价格合理的通讯解决方案。
人们可以在任何时间、任何地点，通过移动电话、笔记本电脑、平板电脑等终端上网、办公、收发信息。
现如今越来越多的员工成为了移动办公人员，享受着传统办公环境界限的改变所带来的利益。
Practice 3任何在国外出差的人都知道旅途中是无法可避免时间浪费的。
乘车前往机场，经过安检，等待登机就会用掉好几个小时。
正如所有生产力的关键一样，让商务旅行的更有效率主要依赖于时间利用效率。
如果你愿意有意识地努力去利用在旅途中丢失的时间，一个很好的方法就是创建一个便携办公室，它本质上是一个你目前的办公室的精简版，让你获得所有你工作时需要用到的东西。
Practice 4移动办公为人们提供了方便、随意的办公环境。
有了移动办公室，员工们能够节省大量用于上下班路上的时间。
它还帮助员工更好高效地管理他们的工作量。
当员工在办公室里工作的时候，必定会有各种会议和来访者打扰他们工作，分散他们的注意力。
但是如果员工可以将他们的办公室带到他们所去的任何地方，他们很容易就能避免这些打扰，专注于他们的工作。
Practice 5不用说，当你组建一个便携式办公室时，你需要一台笔记本电脑;如果可以的话，选择重量比较轻的电脑——这样便于携带。
Practice 6如果你不知道你需要达到什么目标，那么坐下来工作也是没有用的。
我们建议使用像Trello 或Evernote 这样的应用程序在多个设备上同步，这意味着你可以从你的桌面电脑、笔记本电脑、甚至你的移动设备上访问你的笔记和待办事项列表。
Bull market :牛市 bear market熊市 budget 预算balance sheet资产负债表income statement收益表。
损益表 working capital 周转资金inventory control 库存控制。
储量控制quality assurance 质量保证just-in-time delivery 适时原料输送multinational corporations 跨国公司commercial paper 商业票据leverage 借款投机。
杠杆作用market segmentation 市场细分distribution channels销售渠道exclusive distribution独家经销competitive advantage 竞争优势product differentiation产品差异化break-even Point 盈亏临界点。
保本点brand 牌名，品牌intellectual property 知识财产agency 代理breach of contract合同horizontal organization 横向管理体系division of labor职责分工downsizing 裁员flextime 弹性工作制board of directors 董事会chief executive officer 首席执行官acquisition 收购employee stock options 职工股票先购权performance appraisal system 工作表现评估制gross domestic product国内生产总值profit 利润supply供给sole proprietorship独资企业unlimited liability 无限责任shareholders 股东。
股票持有人equilibrium price均衡价格，平衡价格pure competition 纯自由竞争oligopoly 寡头垄断monopoly垄断fiscal policy 财政政策democratic leader 民主型领导crisis management 危机管理private corporation 私营企业subsidiary corporation附属公司，子公司中译英翻译题一：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。
四川省自考商务英语阅读复习商务英语阅读复习Part I Multiple choice1. I was essentially working under your leadership.A. profoundlyB. enduringlyC. basicallyD. necessarily2. If you have food delivered to your door through online grocers, many archive your recent purchases, so you don’t have to recreate a shopping list every time you order.A. activateB. recordC. discountD. subtract3. Net links let them browse through dozens of photos of hotel rooms, check out a variety of gold necklace, or take cyber tours of scores of homes for sale.A. virtualB. actualC. viciousD. virtuous4. Traditional homes were torn down and venerable trees were uprooted for the building of the five-star hotels, which was dubbed by the municipal “the Economy-Impetus Project”.A. publicizedB. preachedC. criticizedD. named5. He unleashed a torrent of complaints about his colleague, who would flare up at the slightest provocation.A. lodgedB. releasedC. ignoredD. submitted6. The company secured $ 12.7m in second-round funding from Index Ventures and other investors.A. gainedB. curedC. segregatedD. secluded7. We were taught to reminisce the misery of the past and contrast it with the happiness of today.A. reflectB. recallC. relateD. resume8. Fail ure to ask the question of “what needs to be done?” will render even the ablest executive ineffectual.A. deduceB. makeC. considerD. reduce9. The boss of this operation was a brilliant but eccentric man.A. peculiarB. particularC. boringD. poignant10. The stock exchange is plagued by volatility and frequentrumors of trading by politically linked parties.A. anarchyB. asperityC. inflationD. instability11. We have learned to appreciate those of life’s pleasures that are not readily available in that out-of-the-way hometown.A. realizeB. valueC. acknowledgeD. belittle12. The company has fine-tuned their new-born product in the hope of getting a stronger footing in this cut-throat competition.A. adjustedB. canonizedC. disseminatedD. launched13. The sales velocity surprises even experienced real-estate players, who told me at sales inaugural that they doubted Trump would gain enough momentum.A. swiftnessB. stagnancyC. velographD. lull14. University of Virginia analyst Larry Sabato says the Democrats will also try to capitalize on Obama’s early opposition to the war in Iraq.A. count onB. take advantage ofC. boast ofD. appeal to15. Some scientists observe that most hazardous chemical, as well as radiation, notonly are harmless as low doses – but may actually do a body good.A. witnessB. honorC. declareD. obey16. The newspaper featured the story of the sensational event.A. highlightedB. avoidedC. exaggeratedD. reported17. Mr. Brown, endowed with amazing perseverance and filial piety, has accomplished great success with his inconceivable efforts.A. equippedB. coupledC. bequeathedD. embellished18. The accumulation of knowledge on the art of an individual, rather than proceeding from intermittent efforts, lies in his unremitting devotion to books and related materials.A. utilizationB. digestionC. acquisitionD. amassing19. Our attempts to surmount the Himalayas last Saturdaywere thwarted by the unexpected blizzard, a destructive threat to the mountaineers.A. adjournedB. hinderedC. nullifiedD. rescinded20. Each generation of towns prayed in aid some planning maxim.A. maximumB. standardC. proverbD. phrasePart II Error Identification1. The farther away you job is from manual work, the more important it will be thatA B Cyou know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking.D2. It wasn’t until the 18th century when man realized that the whole of the brainA Bwas involved in the working of the mind.C D3. All of us, without excepting for those who know more about the subject, shouldA B C Dstudy.4. In 1904, the writer was born in Berhamsted Hertfordshire, which was too a smalltown to be on the map.D5. Newer business-orienting social networking sites like LinkedIn provide similarlyA Bfertile recruiting territory, supplying access to the contracts of thousands of people.C D6. Intangible assets, ranging from a skilled workforce to patents to know-how,A Baccount half of the market capitalization of A merica’s public companies.C D7. As election approaches members are very impatient to networking their fences –A B Cthat is to make preparations for a re-nomination.D8. The boy cannot seem to do anywhere but dream about what it would be likeA Bto drive that new racing-care.C D9. She failed mentioning that the men were always conscious of the dangersA Binvolved and that the women were saddened by the breaking of home ties.10. It is her usual working style –deliberate in counsel, prompt in action that hasA B convinced us that she should take in important missionsC D11. For the past five years relations between the two neighboring countries hadn’tA B Camount to much.D12. However, due to his deteriorating health, the doctor has had to order him toA B Cabstain cigar and beer.D13. As he had heart attack, he was told that he needn’t continue the work.A B C D14. Not until I began to work, didn’t I realize how much time I had wasted.A B C D15. Oracle has acquired the other three vendors, and plans to replace all of theirA Bsoftware with integrated versions that won’t be compatible to older versions.C D16. It contradicts the idea which carcinogenic chemicals pose risk at any dose, noA B Cmatter how low.D17. I spent all my savings, due to the unexpected disaster, soI had to ask for a rise soA B C that I could bail it off.D18. John was really lucky that he picked a winning number in the lottery on the firstA Bdraw, while I tried three times for no avail.C D19. It is her usual working style –deliberate in counsel, prompt in action that hasA B convinced us that she should take in important missionsC D20. She failed mentioning that the men were always conscious of the dangersA Binvolved and that the women were saddened by the breaking of home ties.C DPart III Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.When doing business in Japan, it is essential that you should have sufficiently deep specialist knowledge of the product you are trying to sell, and be able to answer all the questions that a Japanese person may put to you. One often finds that people such as dealers and traders who have not themselves produced the goods lack sufficient knowledge of their merchandise. As insuch a case you will have been requested by a maker to market their products, you should make sure beforehand that you have acquired sufficient knowledge of the product. It is not acceptable in Japan to say that you will get back to someone after checking with the manufacturer about something.Products suitable for a miscellany of uses but nothing in particular will not sell well in the Japanese market just because they are made from materials that are particularly unique to your country. You should instead adopt a more conservative approach and suggest only a limited number of suitable uses. That way, the product will have scarcity value.You should not think that all the materials used in your own country can be used and will sell in Japan. Coconut fiber and coconut dust, for example, are too unusual to sell well. Demand for such products really only exists among mattress manufacturers. Flowerpot holders and other things made from such materials are sold in Japan as finished products.Never forget that Japan has four seasons, and that products should be made to suit these seasons. A certain Japanese company imported a ballpoint pen from a country in Asia where it is summer all year round. In Japan, however, the ink leaks in the summer and will not run in the winter, making it impossible to write. The company as a result received nothing but complaints. It is just one example of a product that works perfectly well in its country of origin, but is defective when exposed to the four seasons of Japan.Japan still has a few import tariff quotas that you should be aware of. In the case of products affected by import quotas, such as seaweed, leather shoes, ground fish meat etc., companies are not allowed to import unless they have previously applied for animport quota by the government. In the case of tariff quotas, imports up to a certain amount are subject to a low tariff, which is then approximately doubled when this total is exceeded. Products affected by tariff quotas include natural cheese and canned pineapple. Always keep in touch with your importer in Japan so that you do not suddenly find that your products can no longer be imported or are subject to hugely increased tariffs.1. To sell products in Japan, a trader should know his merchandise well because .A. He is supposed to answer all the questions about the product if askedB. it is impossible for him to go back to ask the manufacturerC. he will be requested to market the productD. generally a trader must be knowledgeable2. According to the passage, a product will have value in Japan if it .A. can not serve many purposesB.has a particular useC. is in short supplyD.is not very expensive3. It is implied in the passage that .A. New and extraordinary products sell well on the Japanese marketB. Japanese consumers tend to be conservativeC. In the summer it is exceptionally hot in JapanD. Food is especially subject to a high tariff4. The example of the ballpoint shows that .A. Certain products from some countries in Asia may not sell well in JapanB. Four seasons of Japan make it difficult to write with aballpointC. products should be adapted to different situationsD. companies selling ballpoints in Japan received only complaints5. Keeping in touch with an importer in Japan can .A. find your products no longer be imported or are subject to hugely increased tariffsB. Help you apply for an import quota to the governmentC. create opportunities to cut tariffs on your productsD. Keep you well informed about Japan’s import ta riff quotasPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.A religious campaign to block the teaching of evolutionary biology is taking a strong grip on the United States. A survey published in Scientific American shows that the doctrine of creationism – which holds that the origins of humanity and the Earth are recent and were created by God –is spreading in the world’s greatest technological nation at surprising rate. Ridiculous is the fact that more and more states are restricting the teaching of evolution in schools.The journal says that a 45% Americans now believe that God created life some time in the past 10,000 years, despite research that has established the universe as being 13 billion years old and that men and women are descended from apelike ancestors. Even among US Catholics, 40% still insist God created human life a few thousand years ago – even though the Pope said in 1996 that he was not against the theory of evolution.“At the time, newspapers in Mississippi wrote that this proved the Pope was t oo old and should be ignored,”saidAmanda Chesworth, head of the anti-creationist Darwin Day group. “Creationism is spreading further and further. It now has missionaries across the world and even has bases in Russia and Turkey.”In 1990, Kansas board of education voted to block mention of Darwin in its schools, but members were voted out and their anti-evolution policy was reversed.But creationists have quietly achieved victories in schools in northern states such as Illinois, Ohio and Wisconsin. Ohio is considering banning evolution teaching, and even New York and Massachusetts are turning against evolution.Scientific American believes that the content of textbooks and lesson plans in schools is already being affected by creationism. Ms. Chesworth agrees. She said that the United States went from the earth to the Moon a few years ago, and discovered these worlds date back billions of years. Now this nation is sticking its head in the sand, saying that the whole lot was made in a flash a few thousands of years ago. Those creationists even argue that dinosaurs and humans co-existed. Ms. Chesworth regards this development as unhealthy.6. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.A. the increasing influence of creationism in U.S. schools.B. evolutionists’ defeating creationistsC. confrontation between evolutionists and creationists.D. peaceful co-existence of evolutionists and creationists.7. What is the Pope’s attitude towards the theory of evolution?A. He is too old to judge it.B. He is firmly against it.C. He tolerates it.D. He leaves that mater to his successor.8. What was the final result of the Scopes trial?A. Tennessee’s supreme court corrected its own mistake.B. Scopes achieve an out-of-court settlement.C. Scopes was fined $ 100.D. The f inal ruling was in Scopes’ favor.9. Scientific American has observed that ______.A. creationists have quietly retreated from schools in northern states.B. creationism has had its impact on school educationC. Ms. Chesworth’s judgment is incorrect.D. the world’s greatest technological nation rejects creationism.10. From the passage we can feel that the writer ______.A. reports that situation of creationism and evolutionism objectivelyB. is sad about the rapid popularity of the doctrine of evolutionismC. is worried about the rapid spread of the doctrine of creationismD. supports creationists although not very stronglyPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Personnel is the most important factor in the hotel and catering business. The quality of the product is largely defined by the quality of the personnel. It is one of the most important management tasks to employ people in such a way that the goals of the company are reached optimally. On the one hand this means that a lot of attention has to be paid to the acquisition of good personnel (personnel management) and on the other handthat the way the employees are stimulated to work (the style of management) has to be a conscious choice. To be a good manager one has to know how to motivate employees, in other words, which needs and aims do the employees have. People work to meet their physical and psychological needs and avoid matters that frustrate their needs. For one employee this means earning a lot of money, for another many contacts with people of varied work. Every employee will show the conduct with which he can reach his aim and satisfy his needs. When somebody starts to work in a company the first thing he is interested in is the company and his position in it as far as it helps him to reach own aims. To involve people in the company, the company plan and the company aims, the manager has to show them the link between reaching their own aim and aspiring to the company’s aim.11. What do you think is the key element in the hotel business?A. The hotel location .B. The hotel market.C. The hotel products.D. The hotel personnel.12. The most important task of the hotel management is _____.A. to manage well the employees to realize the company’s goalB. to manage well the capitalC. to manage well the establishmentD. to manage well the guests.13. Motivation means _____.A. giving more money to the staffB. providing a good environmentC. learning and satisfying the desire of the staffD. sending the staff to play or travel14. What does a new staff care when he begins his work?A. His working conditionsB. His job positions.C. His salary.D. His company and his positions15. From the scheme, we can understand _____.A. the employee’s needsB. the management methodC. the company’s aimD. the employee’s aimPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Every organization has internal a nd external customer. Internal customers are an organization’s employees and it is important that they put the same focus on customer care in their interaction with each other as they would with external customers. For example, when I contact the accounts department or service desk at Sunrise, I expect to be treated as a customer. Similarly, when employees contact me I aim to treat them as customers and apply the same principles to them as I would to external customers such as business partners and suppliers. If employees do not feel that they are being valued and treated with respect, this can have a massive impact on the success of the organization. Similarly, if a supplier is treated badly it will soon get back to an organization’s customers, which will damage the reputation of the organization. In short, a customer is anyone who can affect my business in anyway.Both internal and external customers who are happy with the service they are receiving will recommend the organization to others. They are also likely to have a certain degree of loyalty and satisfaction with the company, which would prevent them from going to a competitor. Everybody has heard terrible tales of poor customer service and the expression “repetitions of a wrong piece of information would sound believable” could not be truer.But it is worse than that, poor customer service means a poor reputation, which organizations cannot afford to have. And in the current climate, greater choice means that service levels have to be even higher to retain customers. Potential and existing customers can easily go to a competitor with a good reputation and they certainly do not have to tolerate bad service. It is worth bearing in mind that good or bad it is the customers’ perception that counts!We all know how frustrating it is to ring up an organization with a query(疑问）and for it to take forever to have it resolved. It is particularly annoying for existing customers who are paying for a service. It is crucial that organizations keep customers updated on how near their query or complaint is to being resolved. Companies that cut costs in the short term and sacrifice “excellent” customer care as a result will soon realize that they will lose out financially in the long term. Customers who do not feel valued and cannot get the answers they require will soon take their business elsewhere.16. The employees of a company should be regarded as customers, because .A. the author prefers to be treated as a customer in his own companyB. it will have a good effect on businessC. they will resign and go back to an organization’s customerD. their external customers will learn the fact and damage the reputation of the organization17. Internal and external customers are both important, because of all the following reasons EXCEPT .A. Both of them will recommend the company to other peopleB. Both of them tend to develop a kind of loyalty to the organization they likeC. Both of them are difficult to satisfyD. Both of them have a desire to be valued and respected18. The underlined word “retain” in Paragraph 2 possibly means .A. keepB. trainC. attractD. abandon19. According to Paragraph 3, it is of utmost importance for the company to .A. answer customers’ queries and resolve them immediatelyB. avoid annoying their customers by claiming payment for the serviceC. keep their customer service excellent and modernD. Keep the customers informed of the possible solutions to their queries20. What can you infer from the passage?A. Excellent customer service can help cut costs.B. External customers are more important than internalcustomers.C. Customers’ perception counts more mon ey than their satisfaction and loyalty.D. The supreme principle for customer care is to make customers feel valued.Passage 5Questions 21to 25 are based on the following passage.Film is a medium that might have been especially made for America, a vast country which, by the beginning of the twentieth century, had a large immigrant population, many of whom could hardly speak English. These people would have had little use for the theatre, even if they lived within easy distance of one, or for most of the books they could all understand, so what America had more than any European country was a huge captive audience, a large proportion of them pretty well uneducated. And what these people wanted were simple stories in which, irrespective of the fact they coul dn’t understand the captions, the action told all.In feeding the growing demand for screen entertainment, America was greatly helped by the First World War, Between 1914 and 1918 the making of films was not exactly high on the list of any European country’s priorities. Films continued to be made but not to the same extent as before, and to fill the gap in foreign imports, America had to increase its own production. By the end of the decade, with Hollywood now firmly established as the centre of the industry, America was well on its way to monopolizing the world market.But if by the beginning of the 1920s America wsx the world leader in film production, it was not then nor has it been since in the lead when it comes to developing film as an art form.Hollywood is not interested in aret; it is interested in money and the two rarely go together. To Hollywood, film is, and really always has been, an industry. There is nothing about this attitude that should make us look down on it. The maker of decent, serviceableand mass-produced furniture is not to be looked down on because he isn’t Chippendale (一种18世纪英国华丽装饰家具). You might wish he were, but that is another matter. So Hollywood quickly recognized film as an entertainment medium with a unique ability to put people onto seats and money in the pockets of producers, distributors and cinema managers and, mostly, left it to other countries to develop its potential as an art form. Passage 3Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Population pressures have always shaped human history. The connections are not always obvious, however, because they may be quite slow-acting. Consider how construction of the Great Wall of China ultimately led to the sack of Rome.In the third century B.C., a civilization of nomadic warriors flourished in Mongolia. The Chinese called these people Hsiang-Nu, but in the west, they became known as the Huns. As their population increased, the Huns gradually moved south, and began to attack China.The Chinese responded by building the Great Wall. The Huns continued to attack around the Wall, and theChinese ultimately had to extend their defenses. They captured and strengthened the Tarim Basin all the way to foothills of the Pamir Mountains. Unable to penetrate this barrier, the Huns were forced west into Central Asia.A few centuries later, another group of nomadic warriors arose in Mongolia. The Chinese called these people the Juan-Juan, but modern historians call them the Avars. The Avars also attacked south, were unable to penetrate the Great Wall, and were forced west.In Central Asia, the Avars collided with the Huns. The Avars, with a major technological advantage defeated the Huns and drove them further west. At the Dniester River, the Huns collided with the Goths, who were being held out of the Roman Empire by a combination of treaties, bribes, and Roman Legions. When the Huns fell on the Goths, they killed them in great numbers, and drove the survivors across the river into Roman territory.Once the Goths had penetrated the Empire, they found it an empty shell. They smashed through southern Europe, crushed the remaining Roman Legions, and sacked the capital in 410 C.D.26.According to the passage, the Huns invaded China mostly as the result of .A. food scarcityB. Their natureC. Population pressureD. China’s backwardnes s27. The Great Wall was built because .A. the Chinese replied to the Huns on the Great WallB. the Chinese wanted to prevent the enemies from entering ChinaC. the Great Wall was the symbol of ancient civilizationD. the Great Wall was built to separate China from Mongolia28. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The sack of Rome by the Goths.B. The collision between the Goths and the Huns.C. The collision between the Huns and Avars.D. The collision between the Goths and the Avars.29. According to the passage, what happened at the Dniester River?A. The Huns defeated the Goths.B. The Huns entered Rome along with the Goths.C. The Goths were kept there by the Huns.D. The Avars entered Rome after the victory.30. Which of the following may best summarize the passage?A. The Huns population growth ultimately led to the sack of Rome by the Goths.B. The Great Wall worked as the evidence of the Huns’ attack on China.C. The Goths sacked the Roman Empire as the result of the defeat by the Huns.D. Both Huns and the Avars invaded China because nomadic warriors flourished in Mongolia.Part IV Term TranslationA. English to Chinese1. the council of Economic Advisers2. mathematical economics3. apparel company4. career counseling5. training budget6. bull market7. word processing8. gross profit9. public relations firm10. mobile devicesB. Chinese to English1. 财务部门2. 风险投资公司3. 市场研究员4. 管理基金5. 消费者调查6. 投资周期7. 股票经纪人8. 搜索引擎9. 库存10. 价格弹性Part V Sentence translationA. English to Chinese1. I t’s the kind of innovation we’ve come to expect from the likes of Yahoo and Google.2. A wise man does not fight when the odds are against him.3. In the age of customers empowered by blogs and social media, Dell has leapt from worst to first.4. They claim true happiness comes more in the striving to fulfill desires than in the attainment.5. To illustrate this, we assume that a corporation had 10 shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of the year.6. What was John doing out there, and in partnership with people who had failed on his own hands?7. If the prize is an increase in levels of commitment right across the workforce, then the answer is yes.8. Its latest development is a series of time-limited offers from other online merchants after the conclusion of a purchase.9. V oting as a group made it more difficult to be panicked into selling when prices fell or selling when prices shot up.10. He wouldn’t be able to make the sale until he could give the advertiser a solid number.B. Chinese to English1. 你要是做那件事，必将以耻辱告终。
2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案一、词汇和语法 (本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1、Roscae said that he had never had to contend with any girl as fat as _________.A.herB.hersC.sheD.herself2、Many scientists believe that oil was formed in the earth _________ years ago.lionlionslion oflions of3、The officer _________ his orders to the men by radio.A.reportedB.transmittedmunicatedD.exchanged4、He’s never again written _________ as his first one.A.a such good bookB.a so good bookC.so good a bookD.such good a book5、It wasn’t long _________ he found a job.A.untilB.beforeC.sinceD.after6、There are _________ benefits in the new system.A.conciseB.tangibleC.preciseD.metal7、Was it during the Second World War _________ he died?A.thatB.whileC.in whichD.then8、I _________ to come over to see you, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.A.intendedB.would intendC.had intendedD.has intended9、He _________ to be a liar but a fool.A.thinksB.thinkingC.thoughtD.was thought10、He said he wouldn’t mind _________ at home.A.leaving aloneB.being left aloneC.to be left lonelyD.to leave alone11、He has an unusual _________ of life.A.conceptionB.lookC.philosophyD.science12、Professor Tate _________ about him.A.heard the students to talkB.heard the talk by the studentsC.heard the students talkingD.heard the students talk13、Before we commence again, let me give you a word or two of advice, _________?A.will youB.shall IC.don’t ID.won’t you14、He would have given more help, but he _________ so busy.A.isB.would beC.has beenD.had been15、The hot water _________ my pullover.A.shrankB.withdrewC.witherD.retreated16、Will you mind _________ him how _________ the next step?A.my telling; to takeB.my showing; to takingC.me to tell; takeD.me to tell; to taking17、_________ we think of Rose, we have to admit that he’sa highly competent man.A.WhichB.WhicheverC.WhatD.Whatever18、_________ all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption by solid scientists.A.NearlyB.That nearlyC.It is nearlyD.When nearly19、A teacher shouldn’t have _________.A.choicesB.selectionsC.favoritesD.options20、Once upon a time, _________ known by the name of James.A.a man there livedB.lived there a manC.a man lived thereD.there lived a man二、完形填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1、Steve wanted to ask Jenny to his school’s Spring Dance, but he imagined that she had plent y of dates and wouldn’t be interested (21) going with him anyway. When his friends(22) about his plans for the dance, Steve pretended to be(23), but they urged him to consider going to the dance. Steve (24)decided that he would make the effort to ask Jenny, but felt sure that he would be turned(25).(26) the following afternoon, as Steve was delivering papers, he could see Jenny (27)on the front steps. She seemed to be waiting for someone. Steve grew more (28) as he approached her, pretending to be busy with his newspaper. By the time he managed to say hello, his courage had failed, and he had given up the idea of asking her to the dance.(29) his surprise, Jenny suddenly struck up a conversation, and a few minutes later she asked him to the Spring Dance being held in her school. The turn of events was so startling to Steve (30), for a few moments, he could only stare in total amazement.21、()A.inB.ofC.for2、22、()A.enquirerB.inquiredC.consultedD.concerned3、23、()A.indifferentB.differentC.interestedD.agitated4、24、()A.firstlyB.primarilyC.finallystly5、25、()A.awayB.offC.overD.down6、26、()B.OnC.AtD.By7、27、()A.sittingB.sitC.to sitD.to be sitting8、28、()A.anxiousB.nervousC.eagerD.passionate9、29、()A.ForB.AtC.ToD.By10、30、()A.andB.thatD.where三、阅读理解 (本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)1、Passage 1Most people agree that taxes must be paid. Government couldn’t run without money. But people argue about how taxes should be collected.Now the government works with a 查看答案【二、完形填空】1~5ABACD6~10BABC【三、阅读理解】1~5DBACD6~10BCDD。
商务英语阅读词汇总结1、account2、 actuary3、 advance4、 agenda5、 archive6、 attorney7、 barter8、 bearer bond9、 bond10、 brokerage firm11、budget12、 circulating funds13、 claim14、 clearinghouse15、 commission16、 commodity17、 common share18、 consulate19、 convention20、 convertible bond222、 debenture bond23、 demand deposit24、 denomination25、 depression26、 dispenser27、 dole28、 EFTS29、 embassy30、 equity31、executive32、 expectancy33、 extension(ext)34、 fiscal year35、 foreign currency36、 fringe benefit37、 go public38、 guideline39、 inflation40、 infrastructure4 1、institution42、 insurance policy44、 insurer45、 inventory46、 IOU47、 job opening48、 just-in-time49、 legal tender50、 legislation51、liability52、 longevity53、 mall54、 majority55、 measurement specification56、 medium57、 megamall58、 merchandiser59、 monetary60、 mortgage bond61、mutual fund62、 outlet63、 paycheck64、 payroll65、 personnel66、 plaza67、 pool68、 point-of-sale69、 policyholder70、 preferred stock7 1、premises72、 premium73、 principal74、 procurement75、 profit margin76、 promissory note77、 purchasing power78、 quotation79、 quoted company80、 recession81、reseller82、 reserve funds83、 revenues84、 shareholder85、 Social Security86、 source87、 stock certificate88、 stock exchange89、 subsidiary90、 team up91、turnover92、 unit of account93、 want ad94、 warehouse95、 warranty商务英语阅读31、access2、 accusation3、 act4、 aircraft carrier5、 allowance6、 amenity7、 Attorney General8、 bank transfer9、 beginning inventory10、 bill of exchange11、bill of lading12、 book value13、 booth14、 break-even point15、 brochure16、 brokerage17、 bulletin board18、 bureaucratic19、 by word of mouth20、 catalog21、celebrity22、 centerpiece23、 Certificate of Origin24、 cessation25、 chauffeur26、 c、i、f27、 claims28、 clear29、 clergyman30、 client31ZZZmercial invoice32、 complex33、 concession34、 consideration35、 consignment36、 consular invoice37、 container38、 contingency plan39、 convert40、 conveyor belt4 1、convoy42、 cooker43、 counseling44、 counteroffer45、 courtesy booth46、 credit47、 data processing48、 database49、 dealership50、 debit51、deficit52、 demographics53、 deployment54、 depreciation55、 determinant56、 diplomacy57、 discrimination58、 disparity59、 distributor60、 documents against acceptance6 1、documents against payment62、 domicile63、 draft64、 duty65、 economics of scale66、 ending inventory67、 entity68、 equilibrium69、 ethnocentricity70、 ethnocentrism71、f、o、b72、 forbearance73、 fraud74、 gambling75、 generic76、 gift certificate77、 guarantee78、 guild79、 Inc、=incorporated80、 input81、installment82、 interest-bearing83、 International Bankers Draft84、 invoice85、 issuance86、 jargon87、 jingle88、 key accounts89、 lease90、 letter of credit91、liquidity92、 loan93、 logistics94、 majority95、 marketer96、 marketing mix97、 maximum98、 minor99、 money order100、 monopoly101、mortgage102、 motif103、 notary104、notification105、 operating supplies106、 order107、ordinary shares108、 outlet109、 overhaul110、 packaging111、par value112、 penalty113、 pensioner114、 plunge115、 precaution116、 premium117、 prerequisite118、 prime time119、 profit margins120、 prompt121、provision122、 publicity123、 rail hauler124、 rate of exchange125、 rebate126、 reciprocal127、 registrar128、 reimburse130、 rental131、rep=sales representative132、 reserve133、 return134、 rival135、 run counter to136、 S、A、=Societe Anonyme137、 sanitation138、 schedule139、 semiotics140、 standing141、statute142、 subtotal143、 supplier144、 sweepstakes145、 take precedence over146、 take-over bid147、 telegrahpic transfer148、 telemarketing149、 telex11、tie-in152、 toll153、 top-grossing154、 transformation155、 trial156、 typeface157、 upscale158、 vending machine159、 vendor160、 well-versed商务英语阅读41、acquisition2、 across the board3、 act as a counterbalance4、 alma mater5、 asset6、 back down7、 backlog8、 balance sheet9、 be geared towards10、 beachhead11、behemoth12、 behind the scene13、 big-ticket14、 blitz15、 blueprint16、 bottom-line17、 bourgeon18、 brain drain19、 break ground20、 breather21、buck the trend22、 calling card23、 capital gains24、 capital injection25、 cave in to26、 CDMA=code-division mutiple access27、 certificate of deposit28、 China Mobile29、 China Unicom30、 Classification31、Clientele32、 CNOOC=China National Offshore Oil Corporation33、 coffer34、 collateral35、 condominium36、 consumerism37、 couture38、 creditworthiness39、 Customs clearance40、 Data General41、DBS Bank42、 deal-breaker43、 debit card44、 deflation45、 die down46、dig in one’s heels47、 Digital Equipment48、 dilemma49、 diversification50、 downplay51、draw fire52、 drawn-out53、 euphoria54、 expatriate55、 extraneous56、 fall over oneself57、 FDI=Foreign Direct Investment58、 feature film59、 feed60、 firecracker61、fluctuate62、 foreclosure63、 forethought64、 fortuitous65、 foundry66、 freebie67、 full-blown68、 fund portfolio manager69、 grind to a halt70、 halo effect71、hard currency72、 hard-nosed73、 holding company74、 hookup75、 hot under the collar76、 imaging industry77、 in bulk78、 incubator79、 intermediary80、 intraday81、IPO=initial public offering82、 itinerary83、 jump ship84、 kickback85、 lay out86、 merger87、 mindset88、 nerve-wracking89、 no-frill(s)90、 note91、nothing short of92、 on impulse93、 on the sidelines94、 opportunity cost95、 outlay96、 outsource97、 outstrip98、 paper profit99、 pay off100、 petrochemical101、piecemeal102、 portfolio103、 placement104、position-squaring105、 powerhouse106、 practitioner107、prospectus108、 psyche109、 pullout110、 qualm111、quest112、 quintuple113、 quota114、 real estate115、 realtor116、 red tape117、 repatriate118、 resort to119、 repossession120、 returns121、roaming service122、 roller coaster123、 second-guess124、 self-condemnation125、 sentiment126、 shore up127、 slump128、 sock away129、 SOE=state-owned enterprise130、 sophistication131、speak for132、 speculation133、 staffer134、 stalemate135、 sticker136、 supremo137、 syndication138、 takeover139、 take the stock of sth140、 tally141、the Federal Open Market Committee142、 top-notch143、 top-tier144、 track record145、 treasury bill146、 trendsetter147、 tumble148、 up to snuff149、 veer off150、 venture capital151、visual aid152、 walkway153、 weigh on154、 white-goods 商务英语阅读2自学自测题答案1、客户，委托人2、（保险）精算师3、贷款4、议事日程5、档案室6、（美）律师7、以货易货8、无记名债券9、有息债券10、经纪商，经纪行11、预算12、流动资金。
商务英语阅读理解（精选5篇）1.商务英语阅读理解第1篇Questions 1-7Look at the statements below and the article about the development of future business leaders on the oppositeWhich section of the article (A, B, C or D) does each statement (1-7) refer to?For each statement (1-7), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer You will need to use some of these letters more than1 Managers need to take action to convince high-flyers of their value to the2 Organisations need to look beyond the high-flyers they are currently3 There is a concern that firms investing in training for high-flyers may not gain the benefits4 Managers need expert assistance from within their own firms in developing5 Firms currently identify high-flyers without the support of a guidance6 Managers are frequently too busy to deal with the development of7 Firms who work hard on their reputation as an employer will interest The Stars of the FutureA Existing management research does not tell us much about how to find and develop high-flyers, those people who have the potential to reach the top of an As a result, organisations are left to formulate their own A more effective overall policy for developing future leaders is needed, which is why the London Business School has launched the Tomorrow's Leaders Research Group (TLRG). The group contains representatives from 20 firms, and meets regularly to discuss the leadership development of the organisations'B TLRG recognises just how significant line managers are in the process of leadership Unfortunately, with today's flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy One manager in the research group was unconvinced by the logic of sending his best people away on development courses, 'only to see them poached by another department or, worse still, another firm'. This fear of losing high-flyers runs deep in the organisations that make up the researchC TLRG argues that the task of management is not necessarily about employee retention, but about creating 'attraction centres'. 'We must help line managers to realise that if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers,' said one Furthermore, selecting people for, say, a leadership development programme is a sign of commitment from management to an Loyalty can then be more easily demanded inD TLRG has concluded that a company's HR specialists need to take action and engage with line managers individually about their role in the development of Indeed, in order to benefit fully from training high-flyers as the senior managers of the future, firms must actually address the development of all managers who will be supporting the Without this, managers will not be in a position to give appropriate And when eventually the high-flyers do move on, new ones will be needed to replace The next challenge will be to find a new generation of2.商务英语阅读理解第2篇give speech to 演说[例] address audience on a business projectadjourn (v) to stop (a court case, a meeting , )for a time before beginning again 延期，休会[例] The board meeting has been adjourned to an uncertain[同义词] postponeadjust (v) to settle an insurance claim 理算保险索赔[例] After the car accident, he made an insurance claim that will be adjustedadministration () organization and control of a company经营、管理[例] The administration power of a company also shows the internal control of the[同义词] managementadmin () abbreviation for administration 经营、管理administer () organize, control: 管理[同义词] manageadopt () choose, decide on采用[例] We adopted a newadvance () money paid before it is due, or for work only partially completed 预付款[例] Yesterday I received an advance on my monthly(v) to increase 提高[例] On bull market , shares are advancing[同义词] increase3.商务英语阅读理解第3篇《Staff appraisals》，员工评估。
2017年1月广东省高等教育自学考试商务英语阅读试题（课程代码 05439）I. Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese (10%)1. fiscal year2. mortgage bond3. cover letter4. job opening5. price discrimination6. modes of conduct7. legal tender 8. consumer preferences9. inflation 10. discount couponⅡ. Translate the following words or phrases Into English (10%)11．控股公司 12．账面利润 13．上市公司14．商业银行 15．流动资金 16．国有银行17．资金注入 18．货币贬值 19．提货单 20. 运营费用Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks (10%)21. A______ is a letter tailored to a specific company explaining why you are the best candidate for a particular job.A. reference letterB. recommendation letterC. self-introduction letterD. cover letter22. If competitors get together to raise or lower prices, this act is_________.A. price discriminationB. deceptive pricingC. resale price maintenanceD. price fixing23. A (n) _________ is an accounting statement that shows a firm’s status on the last day of an accounting period.A. income statementB. net income sheetC. balance sheetD. income sheet24. On a loan that is legal, the courts will allow a lender to collect only his principal when_____.A. there is no fixed interest rateB. the interest rate is very lowC. the borrower can’t pay the interestD. the lender demands an interest more than the state law allows25. The insurance companies base their costs on _________.A. the pool of people sharing the riskB. the cost each member of the pool paysC. the theory of probabilityD. past experience26. Owners of_________ have rights to vote for directors at the annual meeting of the corporation and to share any profits or losses.A. preferred stocksB. deferred stocksC. stock certificatesD. common stocks27. _________is reached when the money from the sales of a product equals the total costs and expenses involved in producing and marketing it.A. The selling pointB. The ultimate pointC. The break-even pointD. The final goal28. Now more and more women go shopping with an incomplete shopping list or without list at all. It is mainly because _________.A. it is troublesome to make a complete shopping listB. there are too many kinds of merchandise for them to choose fromC. merchandise is usually displayed on open shelves, which will remind them of the items theywant to buyD. without a shopping list, they are free to buy whatever they want to buy29. When one buys a fund, the most important thing for him to do is_________.A. to read the fund’s prospectus carefullyB. to fill out some formsC. to pay a sales commission called “load”D. to match his personal objective with that of the fund30. For a company, the strength of publicity is _________.A. being flexibleB. reaching a larger number of audiencesC. avoiding media costsD. saving preparation timePart Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionIV. In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 15 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding (30%)Passage 1Parker Pen’s Globalization StrategyWhen Parker Pen Company decided to launch a global marketing strategy 20 years ago, some observers were puzzled. Although Parker’s name was well-known, the Wisconsin-based company brought limited resources to the task. Annual sales of Parker writing instruments had never exceeded $225 million, and the company had never budgeted more than $20 million a year for advertising. Still, Parker’s high-quality products were sold in 154 countries, and its marketingexecutives were eager to design and implement a global strategy for Parker Pen. In their view, cultural and competitive similarities would be more important than differences, meaning that the same product could be sold the same way in many different markets, and with much lower marketing costs. They believed, in short, that Parker Pen would provide a classic test of global marketing theory.Parker’s then president, James Peterson, also believed that global marketing would be crucial to the survival of the faltering company. The company’s weaknesses had been obscured for years by strong overseas sales and a weak U. S. dollar. At home, not only were competitors introducing mass-marketed, disposal pens, but even as Parker attempted to guard its reputation for quality, the company was losing its share of the domestic expensive-pen market to A. T. Cross Company and Sheaffer Eaton. Furthermore, Parker’s manufacturing process was inefficient. New-product development had been neglected, and advertising worldwide, which had been left to local marketers, was handled by more than forty different agencies. Profits were plunging, and most of the profits were generated by Manpower Temporary Services, a subsidiary of Parker Pen.Peterson’s first move was to streamline Parker’s operations by cutting the payroll by half, reducing the product line from 500 different writing instruments to 100, and spending $20 million to upgrade Parker’s manufacturing facilities. Then Peterson and his marketing team embarked on a two-pronged program with far-reaching consequences. They began production of cheap pens that could compete in the under- $3 market, and they standardized everything associated with Parker products under a “global umbrella”. From then on, all packaging and point-of-sale display materials would use the same striking block motif. The advertising budget would be centralized, and one advertising agency would handle accounts worldwide. A single theme-“Make your mark with a Parker”-would be used for all products and in all markets, and advertisements would feature the same graphics, photography, and typefaces; only the languages of the copy would vary. In addition, advertising would spotlight Parker’s new, inexpensive products instead of the quality pens that were the company’s trademark.These two decisions-to produce cheap pens and to use a uniform marketing strategy for all Parker products-were eventually considered major blunders by many inside Parker Pen. Long-time Parker Pen employees objected that the lower-quality pens ran counter to Parker’s carefully nurtured status image. Parker’s European manager argued that advertising should take into account the differences among markets.However, Parker’s new management insisted that the company’s future lay in high-tech. High-volume production of cheap pens for a global market, and implementation of new strategy proceeded. At first, sales of the new roller-ball pen and other writing instruments increased. Then, just as demand was picking up, the automated production line began to shut down repeatedly. Parker employees were forced to return to the assembly lines to take over for the malfunctioningsystems. The defect rate soared, and before the problems were resolved, the marketing division set aside strategies and forecasts and sold whatever products were available.A few months later, the global advertising campaign was launched. In accordance with the “one product, one market” policy, advertisements for different markets had identical layout, illustrations, and text; only the languages in which they were written were different. Because the theme was so general, the advertisements appealed to no one in particular, especially not to those buyers who viewed writing instruments as status symbols. Resentment against the global marketing strategy mounted within the company, and when the failure of the advertising campaign could no longer be ignored, Peterson resigned, followed by his hand-picked marketing executives. The pen business suffered a $500,000 loss and was purchased in 1986 by a group of Parker’s international managers and a British venture capital company.Now based in Newhaven, England, Parker Pen Ltd. is a profitable company, with 2000 pretax profits of 8 million. Although the reorganized firm used the now-functioning Wisconsin plant and owes some of its success to the greater operating efficiency the former management brought about, the new owners have instituted several policies of their own. Parker’s inexpensive pens receive less emphasis in advertising, and plans to produce disposable pens were dropped. The company is working to restore its reputation for quality and reliability. It intends to add perceived value, rather than volume, to its products. In addition, except for the marketing of the company’s Duofold Centennial model, a $312 18-carat goldnib fountain pen targeted to a tiny market segment, global advertising has been abandoned.31. Before the practice of its global marketing strategy, Parker Pen Company _________.A. was an international company with an increasingly large market shareB. had not been doing well and was at a critical momentC. had been eager to push up sales in the international marketD. enjoyed satisfactory sale performances and was ready for the new move32. What problem did Peterson fail to address in his two moves?A. Inadequate manufacturing facilitiesB. Specialized product rangeC. Employment of various advertising agenciesD. Neglect of quality product development33. Parker Pen’s top management insisted on producing lower-quality pens because________.A. they found quality pens did not sell as cheap onesB. they believed cheap pens would be more popular in the global marketC. they deemed quality pens responsible for the company’s declining market shareD. they found it more profitable to produce cheap pens34. We can learn from the passage that the global advertising campaign ________.A. was a moderate successB. was a total failureC. met with strong resistance from the company’s long-time employeesD. resulted in the company’s mergence with an American business35. Which of the following can NOT account for Peterson’s decision?A. He and his management were confident of the success of their new strategy.B. He intended to adopt a new strategy to help the company to prosper.C. He was eager to help the company to break free from its troubles.D. He failed to take timing into consideration.Passage 2Famous AmosToday, most of us recognize Wally “Famous”Amos, the man who gave his name to the original gourmet cookie. The company founded by Amos has achieved nationwide distribution of several flavors of its cookies in stores and has scattered retail stores world-wide, with franchises in Japan, Australia, and Canada, as well as the United States.In 1988, Wally Amos was just another talent agent trying to succeed in Hollywood. However, he soon developed another calling. Friends told him that the cookies he made were so good that he should sell them, and eventually Amos took their advice. Some of these friends backed up their advice by investing $25,000 in his venture, the Famous Amos Chocolate Chip Cookie Company, and the world’s first gourmet cookie shop opened in 1988. It was an instant success.News of Famous Amos spread by word of mouth, and in a classic example of great demand, consumers would walk into stores and ask the owners why they did not stock Famous Amos cookies. The company relied solely on this informal sort of marketing for its first five years.When Amos started his company, he had made no plans for such growth. His first retail “hot bake” shop appeared to be earning a profit and, after all, in his words, “All I wanted to do was make a living.” Consumer demand grew and requests began to pour in from other areas, but Amos did not have the funds to expand his cookie shop concept into a chain. He also wanted to avoid the risk of expanding through borrowing funds. Then the idea struck him just as it had McDonald’s Ray Kroc 30 years earlier: franchising. The firm distributed its frozen dough directly to the franchised “hot bake” shops located in suburban shopping centers and downtown walk-in locations.Amos also used other distribution alternatives to set the cookies into supermarkets, convenience outlets, “mom-and-pop”stores, and gift shops that make up the Famous Amos market, by contracting with an independent wholesale distributor. This distribution channel saved the company the cost of starting its own network, while giving it access to an already established distribution system, without which the young company might have failed. Even though many storeowners were unhappy about doing business with products offering such a low markup, consumer demand was so strong that retailer complaints soon fell to a trickle and distribution became more widespread.Famous Amos tailored its cookies to its markets. Frozen dough was shipped directly to the firm’s franchised “hot bake” shops. For supermarkets, it offered several different sizes of cookies, and set up racks for the packages in the fresh baked goods section, rather than on the cookie shelf. For convenience stores, one-and-two-ounce bags were created to save and to encourage impulse sales. It now makes several flavors of cookies (oatmeal-based cookies are the nation’s best sellers).Demand was created in part by the cookie’s taste. The gourmet cookie shop concept was entirely novel, and to outlast the novelty, Famous Amos cookies had to be good. But while consumers like the taste of the cookies (a recent Consumer Report’s test rated famous Amos’s chocolate chip cookies one of the best-tasting brands available), much of the success of FamousAmos is based on effective person marketing. Wally Amos’s winning grin gleams from each package of Famous Amos cookies, and his presence seems to give the cookies an identity that its competitors lack.John Rosica, a public relations executive with the company, called Wally “a perpetual promotion”. In recognition of his role in the company’s success, the Smithsonian’s collection of Advertising History includes his Panama hat and brightly patterned Indian gauze shirt.By the late I 990s, interest in the gourmet cookie had waned so that only a few locations could support bake shops devoted exclusively to cookies. Famous Amos decided to change its placement from gourmet cookie to high-quality family cookie. Package sizes were changed from 21/2-, 7-, and 16- ounce packages to 12-ounce size for wholesale distribution to grocery store outlets and a 30-ounce size for food-club stores. A 2-ounce package was also developed to be sold through vending machines. As of 2002, there were only a few bake shop franchises operating 15 stores, and Famous Amos was restricting itself to making finished cookies.Even though Amos sold his ownership interest in the firm in 1998, Famous Amos continued to rely solely on promotions that feature Wally. Among the most successful promotions have been its efforts at cause marketing. The company worked in conjunction with literacy councils in several American cities, having stores contribute a percentage of profits to literacy programs. Such promotions resulted in greatly increased sales, including a 38 percent sales jump in Philadelphia.36. Wally Amos is __________.A. the man who once a successful figure in HollywoodB. the man who originated the idea of gourmet cookieC. the man who had a cookie store in the United StatesD. the man who originated the idea of franchise operation37. Initially, Wally Amos started his business__________.A. to satisfy his interest in baking cookiesB. to build a chain of cookie shops eventuallyC. to help him make a livingD. to become a famous businessman38. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why Wally Amos’s company succeeds?A. Wide channels of distribution of its cookies.B. Adaptation of its cookies to different markets.C. Uniform taste of its cookies sold at all its outlets.D. Effective person marketing.39. In the development of the company, Wally Amos’s most important role is __________.A. using his image to promote the company’s cookiesB. using his influence to open more channels of distributionC. using his relationship to get more government fundsD. using his experience to develop different tastes of cookies40. What remained the same after Wally Amos sold his ownership interest in the company?A. Its management staff.B. Its line of product.C. Its sales volume.D. Its promotion methods.Passage 3As a manager in the service industry sector, I’ve looked at hundreds of CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant’s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does their career path look like-is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why they’ve applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It’s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That’s why, when you’ve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you’d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didn’t have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didn’t agree with them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important, but it doesn’t pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.41. What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?A. Whether they have experience of many different jobs.B. Whether their careers have developed steadily.C. The opinion their employers had of them.D. Whether they are married or single.42. The writer says the application form is useful because it________.A. reveals something of the applicant’s characterB. gives information about the applicant’s familyC. explains what skills the applicant has for the jobD. shows how much the applicant wants to earn43. According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?A. Interviewing people is an expensive process.B. They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C. They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D. Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.44. One reason why the writer was successful in her first business was that ______.A. she was used to dealing with peopleB. she was open with the staffC. the business was already doing well when she startedD. the staff agreed with all her decisions45. Which would make the best title for this text?A. Profit-sharing as MotivationB. How I Turned a Business RoundC. People-the Key to Business SuccessD. The Importance of a Well-presented CVV. Read the following passages and finish the exercises of each one (40%):Passage 4The economic phenomena of the Barbie doll helped explain the reason why an increasing number of Chinese enterprises purchase well-known brands overseas. Like the recent case of a Chinese enterprise purchasing the Volvo.The viewpoint held by Taodong, economist from UBS, is frequently borrowed by Chinese government officials and enterprises. Tao claimed that the price of a plastic Barbie doll is $20, from which Chinese manufacturers could only gain 35 cents. The lesson we could learn from this case is that it is brand that can bring profits, not “working” for overseas enterprises.The large-scale overseas M&A of China are mostly carried out by state-owned business, and their main targets are mine and oil fields, by which the raw materials of the fast-developing economy of China could be assured. On the other hand, a trend has began several years before-in hope of catching up with international competition, the ambitious private-run businesses are busy purchasing overseas brands. However, analysts indicated that this fast- developing trend would probably -lead to the overseas rebound. Moreover, because those requiring enterprises lack experience of international M&A, it would cost an arm and a leg.“Many Chinese enterprises have ranked in the list of Fortune 500, and they wish to continue improving their fame world-wide.” He Yuxin, an analyst of Long Zhou Jing Financial Research and Consulting Institution said.For the past 10 years, China has been encouraging its enterprises to “go global fearlessly”and to realize the Economic Diversification. The statistics data given by Chinese CommerceDepartment showed that from 2007 to 2008, Chinese investments abroad had more than doubled, reaching 55.9 million dollars.The tide of merging in China reminds people of Japan in the 1980s. At that time, the Japanese’s purchase of “Pebble Beach” Golf Course in California and Rockefeller Center in NY stirred up American’s unrest-they feared that Japan would rule the world.Similar resist also impediment some large-scaled M&A deals. Disputes exist about whether China will commit the same mistake as Japan. Huo Jianguo, dean of the College of International Trade and Economic Coorporation of Chinese Commerce Department, said that Chinese government would continue objecting strongly to M&A deals in sensitive industries such as oil enterprises. “However,” he said, “if the project is based on mutual reciprocity and profits, and meantime drives local employments and tax income, it will surely be accepted and promoted.”Cash-starved enterprises give warm welcome to Chinese investers and mergering proposals. General Motors lapped at selling its Hummer to Teng Zhong Industry Coorporation in Sichuan province, China. Chinese government, however, rejected the deal.A. Mark the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.(10%)46. An increasing number of Chinese enterprises purchase well-known brands overseas in orderto develop domestic brand.47. Several overseas companies have already been successfully acquired by Chinese state-ownedenterprises.48. Chinese enterprises can offer lower prices in international acquisition.49. Japanese companies used to be very active in international acquisition during the 1980s.50. Chinese government is cautious towards international acquisition.Passage 5A report by Boston Consulting Group (B CC) says China represents the second largest market in Asia excluding Japan, with about US $1. 44 trillion in assets being managed for wealthy individuals defined as those whose annual income is above US $100, 000.BCG’s survey of retail banks reveals that the average private banking customer can be 10 times more profitable than an average mass market retail customer, a statistic that explains why banks are paying increasing attention to the wealthy.(56) Facing the emerging wealth management market, Chinese banks have made impressive headway in the creation of new wealth management products and services. There are now more than 20 kinds of wealth management products on offer at the state-owned big four banks and national joint-stock banks. The China Everbright Bank’s November 2005 financial report shows a 20 billion yuan (US $2.5 billion) wealth management revenue, up 50 per cent over last year.Chinese banks, especially the State-owned big four, have inherent advantages in wealth management. (57) They have a large customer base and an extensive service network that offers customers accessibility and convenience. Managers at the big banks also tend to have a good relationship with local customers.However, analysts believe that, although the level of personal assets held in financial institutions in China is significant, wealth management products and services offered by Chinese banks are still relatively unsophisticated.Deng Junhao, vice president and director of BCG points out that China’s typical wealth management offering as more “hardware” than “software”.(58) Key issues that continue to stymie domestic banks’ progress include a lack of properly-trained managers, limited differentiation of customers, limited products and similar brands.Despite having 20 kinds of products to choose between, there is actually little separating them. Brands do not have a sufficiently unique or differentiated product to target specific types of customers.Competitive threatThere is only one year left until the Chinese banking market is fully liberalized and foreign institutions are able to serve individual customers in renminbi-based business.(59) Foreign banks have already experimented and learned about the market despite regulatory limitations over the type of businesses they can operate. Standard Chartered Bank has offered an “SC Priority Banking” card for customers with quarterly average account balances of US $100,000 or the equivalent, while Citibank has launched its “Citigold” product for customers with monthly average account balances of US $100, 000 or the equivalent. Both banks have set up dedicated wealth management centres in key cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.Foreign banks have many competitive advantages over local banks including brand names with internationally recognized prestige and trust, experience and expertise in a broader range of investment products and advisory models, established operational models, particularly processes, systems and policies, and capabilities to attract, train and retain the best talent.(60) Foreign banks will create tough competition in the wealth management market, as they enter the retail market and attempt to pick the most attractive customers. Unless Chinese banks can respond, there is a real and significant threat that many wealthy customers will be lured away by the highly-evolved products and services foreign banks can offer.B. Answer the following questions or complete the statements according to your understandingof the passage. (10%)51. In China, banks are paying increasing attention to the wealthy because ________.。
商务英语阅读2——自学自测题1.account客户，委托人2.actuary （保险）精算师3.advance 贷款/预付款4.agenda 议事日程5.archive档案室6.attorney （美）律师7.barter以货易货8.bearer bond无记名债券9.bond有息债券10.brokerage firm经纪商，经纪行11.budget预算12.circulating funds 流动资金。
周转资（基）金13.claim索赔14.clearinghouse 结算所，（银行）票据交换所mission佣金modity商品mon share普通股18.consulate 领事馆19.convention会议，年会20.convertible bond可转换债券21.creditor贷方，债权人22.debenture bond 无抵押品债券23.demand deposit活期存款24.denomination面额，面值25.depression不景气26.dispenser自动售货机27.dole救济金28.EFTS ·电子资金转移系统29.embassy大使馆30.equity股权31.executive经理32.expectancy期望数值33.extension(ext) 期望数值34.fiscal year财政年度35.foreign currency外汇，外币36.fringe benefit附加福利37.go public上市38.guideline指导方针39.inflation通货膨胀40.infrastructure基础设施41.institution社会公共机构42.insurance policy保险单43.insured被保险人44.insurer保险业者45.inventory存货清单（盘存）46.IOU借据47.job opening职位空缺48.just-in-time适时进货制的49.legal tender法定货币50.legislation法律51.liability责任52.longevity寿命53.mall步行商业区54.majority ·（票据等）到期日55.measurement specification规格，尺寸56.medium媒介57.megamall大型购物商场58.merchandiser推销员59.monetary货币的60.mortgage bond抵押品债券61.mutual fund共同基金62.outlet商行63.paycheck薪水64.payroll薪水册，职工工资册（名单）65.personnel员工，人事（部门）66.plaza 购物中心67.pool合伙使用的钱（物品，人力等）68.point-of-sale销售点的69.policyholder投保人70.preferred stock优先股71.premises经营场地，生产场所72.premium保险费73.principal本金74.procurement ·采购75.profit margin毛利76.promissory note期票，本票77.purchasing power购买力78.quoted company上市公司79.recession （经济）衰退80.reseller转售商81.reserve funds ·储备基金82.revenues总收入83.shareholder股东84.Social Security社会保障，社会保险金85.source物色合资（合作）对象86.stock certificate股权证87.stock exchange证券交易所88.subsidiary 子公司89.team up合作90.turnover人事变动率91.unit of account记账单位92.want ad招聘广告93.warehouse仓库94.warranty（商品，产品）担保书，保单商务英语阅读31.access享用权2.accusation指控3.act法案4.aircraft carrier 航空母舰5.allowance·折扣6.amenity便利设施，礼仪7.Attorney General首席检察官8.bank transfer汇兑9.beginning inventory·期初存货10.bill of exchange汇票11.bill of lading提货单12.book value账面价值13.booth售货亭14.break-even point盈亏平衡点15.brochure小册子16.brokerage经纪业17.bulletin board公告牌18.bureaucratic·官僚作风19.by word of mouth从口头20.catalog目录21.celebrity名人22.centerpiece·主要特点23.certificate of Origin原地产证明书24.cessation停止25.chauffeur司机26. c.i.f到岸价格27.claims到岸价格28.clear ·兑现29.clergyman神职人员mercial invoice正式签证的贸易发票plex 综合性建筑32.concession让步33.consideration对价，约因34.consignment委托支付35.consular invoice领事发票36.container集装箱37.contingency plan应急计划38.convert ·兑换39.conveyor belt传送带40.convoy护送部队41.cooker炊具42.counseling咨询服务43.counteroffer还价，还盘44.courtesy booth 赠券柜台45.credit存款46.data processing数据处理47.database数据库48.dealership商品经销特许权49.debit借方50.deficit赤字51.demographics ·人口统计数据52.deployment调度53.depreciation贬值，折旧54.determinant决定因素55.diplomacy外交56.discrimination歧视57.disparity差异58.distributor销售商59.documents against acceptance承税交单60.documents against payment付款交单61.domicile指定在某地支付62.draft汇票63.duty （进口）关税64.economics of scale·规模经济65.ending inventory期末盘存66.entity实体67.equilibrium平衡68.ethnocentricity种族（民族）优越感69.ethnocentrism种族（民族）中心主义70. f.o.b船上交货价格，离岸价格71.forbearance （律）暂缓行使72.fraud欺骗（行为）73.gambling赌博74.generic非商标的75.gift certificate礼券76.guarantee商品使用保证77.guild行会78.Inc.=incorporated股份有限的79.input投资80.installment分期付款81.interest-bearing有息的82.International Bankers Draft银行对外国银行开出的汇票83.invoice托运单，发票84.issuance发行85.jargon行话86.jingle广告诗87.key accounts主要客户88.lease租赁89.letter of credit信用证90.liquidity资产变现能力91.loan贷款92.logistics后勤93.majority 法定年龄94.marketer专营特定商品的商人或商号95.marketing mix销售组合96.maximum (法定的）最大极限97.minor未成年人98.money order汇票99.monopoly垄断100.m ortgage抵押101.m otif主题102.n otary公证人103.n otification通知单104.o perating supplies营业用品105.o rder定货106.o rdinary shares普通股107.o utlet商店108.o verhaul全面检查109.p ackaging包装110.p ar value票面价值111.p enalty罚金112.p ensioner领取抚恤金的人113.p lunge猛跌114.p recaution预防措施115.p remium溢价116.p rerequisite前提117.p rime time黄金时间118.p rofit margins利润率119.p rompt （商）（付款）即时的120.p rovision条文121.p ublicity推广122.r ail hauler铁路货运公司123.r ate of exchange 汇率124.r ebate部分退款125.r eciprocal倒数126.r egistrar ·公司的证劵登记员127.r eimburse偿还128.r eminder催单129.r ental出租公司130.r ep=sales representative·销售代表131.r eserve储备金132.r eturn退货133.r ival竞争者134.r un counter to违背135.S.A.=Societe Anonyme股份有限公司136.s anitation卫生137.s chedule日程计划138.s emiotics符号学139.s tanding地位140.s tatute法令141.s ubtotal小计142.s upplier供货商143.s weepstakes彩票144.t ake precedence over优先于……的地位145.t ake-over bid （对企业）接收出价146.t elegrahpic transfer电汇147.t elemarketing电话销售148.t elex 电传电报149.t erminal终点站150.t ie-in搭卖广告151.t oll （长途）电话费152.t op-grossing毛利最高的153.t ransformation变化154.t rial试用155.t ypeface 字样156.u pscale 高消费阶层的157.v ending machine售货机158.v endor卖主159.w ell-versed精通的160.t umble （价格等）暴跌商务英语阅读41.acquisition收购2.across the board包括一切地3.act as a counterbalance对……起平衡作用·4.alma mater母校5.asset资产6.back down ·放弃7.backlog积压8.balance sheet决算表，（会计）资金负债表9.be geared towards （使）适合10.beachhead （借以扩展势力的）立足点11.behind the scene在幕后12.big-ticket高价的13.blitz闪电式行动14.blueprint蓝图15.bottom-line基础的16.bourgeon萌芽17.brain drain人才流失18.break ground破土动工19.breather短暂休息20.buck the trend反潮流21.calling card名片22.capital gains资本收益23.capital injection资本注入24.cave in to （口）屈服25.CDMA=code-division mutiple access码分多址连接方式26.certificate of deposit存单27.China Mobile中国移动通信28.China Unicom中国联通29.Classification分类30.Clientele主顾OOC=China National Offshore Oil Corporation中国海洋石油总公司32.coffer金库33.collateral抵押品34.condominium ·财产共用权35.consumerism拜金主义36.couture女士时装37.creditworthiness ·有资格接受信用贷款38.Customs clearance入关许可39.Data General通用数据公司40.DBS Bank新加坡开发银行41.deal-breaker阻碍交易的因素42.debit card （储户拥有的，不能透支的）借记卡43.deflation 通货紧缩44.die down消退45.dig in one’s heels固执己见46.Digital Equipment数字设备公司47.dilemma困境48.diversification多样化49.downplay贬低50.draw fire引起攻击51.drawn-out持续很久的，旷日持久的52.euphoria欢快53.expatriate居住在国外的人54.extraneous无关系的55.fall over oneself （口）不遗余力56.FDI=Foreign Direct Investment外国直接投资57.feature film故事片58.feed ·节目传送59.firecracker鞭炮60.fluctuate波动61.foreclosure丧失抵押品赎回权，排斥62.forethought深虑，先见63.fortuitous幸运的64.foundry铸造厂65.freebie 免费赠品66.full-blown具有或显示出所有特征的67.fund portfolio manager基金投资组合经理68.grind to a halt逐渐停止69.halo effect成见效应70.hard currency硬通货71.hard-nosed执拗的72.holding company控股公司73.hookup转播74.hot under the collar ·（口）非常气愤75.imaging industry影像工业76.in bulk大批量77.incubator ·培养人才的场所78.intermediary调解人79.intraday一天内的80.IPO=initial public offering初次公开招股81.itinerary日程表82.jump ship潜逃83.kickback （口）回扣y out策划85.merger合并（名）86.mindset思想倾向87.nerve-wracking极端令人头疼的，非常伤脑筋的88.no-frill(s) 无装饰的89.note票据，期票90.nothing short of简直可以说91.on impulse一时冲动之下92.on the sidelines当旁观者93.opportunity cost机会成本94.outlay费用95.outsource外购96.outstrip超过97.paper profit账面利润（没经实现的）98.pay off赢利99.petrochemical石油化工产品100.p iecemeal零碎的101.p ortfolio ·有价证券，投资组合102.p lacement （不公开的）定向发行股票103.p osition-squaring ·收付差额的结算104.p owerhouse源泉105.p ractitioner从业者106.p rospectus计划书，发起书107.p syche心灵108.p ullout撤退109.q ualm疑虑110.q uintuple使成五倍111.q uota配额，限额112.r eal estate不动产113.r ealtor房地产经纪人114.r ed tape拖拉费时的繁琐手续115.r epatriate把（资金）调回本国116.r esort to借助于117.r epossession取回118.r eturns收益，赢利（复数）119.r oaming service漫游服务120.r oller coaster过山车121.s econd-guess预言122.s elf-condemnation自责123.s entiment情绪124.s hore up ·巩固125.s lump衰退126.s ock away （美口）储蓄127.S OE=state-owned enterprise国有企业128.s ophistication老练129.s peak for代表……说话130.s peculation投机131.s taffer职员132.s talemate僵局133.s ticker滞销货134.s upreme最高领袖，最高统帅135.s yndication企业联合组织，辛迪加组织136.t akeover接收，接管137.t ake the stock of sth ·（对情况，某人的能力等）进行检查，评估和鉴定138.t ally计数单位，记录139.t he Federal Open Market Committee （美国）联邦公开市场委员会·140.t op-notch （口）最高质量的，第一流的141.t op-tier一等的142.t rack record （迄今为止的）业绩记录143.t reasury bill ·美国或英国的）短期国库券144.t rendsetter潮流创始人145.u p to snuff （俚）(身体等)状况良好的·146.v eer off离题147.v enture capital （美）风险资本148.v isual aid直观教材149.w alkway人行道，走道150.w eigh on成为……的负担151.w hite-goods白色货物，大型家用电器bearer bond 不记名债券bill of exchange 汇票carton 纸板箱circulating fund 流动资金current assets 流动资产Clean Bill 光票commission 佣金Common shares 普通股delivery 交货单durable goods 耐用品financial institution 金融机构fiscal year 财政年度fringe benefit 额外福利GDP 国内生产总值GNP 国民生产总值government bond 公债；政府公债holding company 控股公司；股权公司income funds 收益基金income statement 损益表；收益表infrastructure 基础设施；基础结构installment 分期付款insurance policy 保险单inventory 存货IOU 借据IPO 首次公开募股（initial plubic offerings）legal tender 合法偿付market share 市场占有率；市场份额mass selling 大量销售merger 合并；并购middleman 中间商；经纪人monopoly 垄断；垄断者；专卖权mutual fund 共有基金net asset 净资产；资产净额par value 面值；票面价值payroll 工资单policy holder 投保人preference shares 优先股premium 保险费；额外费用product line 生产线product mix 产品结构；产品组合promissory note 本票；期票public relations 公共关系publicity 宣传red chips 红筹股registered capital 注册资本；注册资金retailer 零售商savings bond 储蓄国债；储蓄债券staff turnover 员工交替；员工流动率stock certificate 证券；股票stock exchange 证券交易所stock market 股票市场；证券市场streamline 流线型target return 目标利润；目标收益acquisition 收购T/T (Telegraphic Transfer)电汇debit card 借记卡telemarketing 电话销售bond 债券arbitration 仲裁feasibility 可行性marketing mix 营销组合claim 索赔logistics company 物流FOB 离岸价fixed assets 固定资产direct selling 直销sales promotion 促销net income 净收入venture capital 风险资本shareholder 股东life insurance 人寿保险interest rate 利率Product Placement 植入广告contract 合同base line 底线real estate 不动产bonus 红利budget 预算business outsourcing 业务外包bondholder 债券持有者pricing 定价exchange rate 汇率customer service 客户服务business diversification 经营多样化return of goods 退货draft 汇票limited liability 有限责任investment broker 投资经纪人evaluate 评价initial inventory 期初存货LLC（Limited Liability Company）有限责任公司。
