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Unit 12P162 B.Part 1False complacency: Consumers may feel a false sense of complacency by only shopping differently.Part 2Shopping:One thing we can so to help the environment is turn our shopping cart into a vehicle for social change when we go shopping. Part 3Longer-term issue: Over-consumption by advanced industrial countries is a longer-term issue that we must focus on to save the earth.Part 4Green marketing: We have to be careful of the green marketing that is going on and the hucksters who profit from it.Part 5Revitalizing: We should think about revitalizing our transportation systems rather than which new car to buy.C.1. which of these book titles is not mentioned in the C2.what general purpose do these books have A3. what do Alan During and C4.what one thing does Alice Tepper Marlin A5. what shoud we do when we shop.C6. which comment does Alan Durning not make about C7. who is responsible for over consumption B8.which of the earth’s environmental B9.what specific solution does Durning propose C10.how does Durning see green B11. where do we see a lot of A12.which of the following areas is not mentioned A13. how does Tepper Marlin C14.what negative result could occur C15.what example does Toyota use for C16. what does Durning think we need to focus on A17.what happened in the 1980s, according to AD.1. B which of the following best2. C why does the interviewer3. A what does Durning think aboutUnit 11A Task Listening :which car companies are mentioned as examples of companies that may have to consolidate in the futureRenault, Peugeot and Mazda.B. Part 1 what is becoming more common ,as illustrated by APart 2 what significance does the Daimler Chrysler merger B Part 3 how easy is it to implement cross border APart 4 what impact will the Daimler merger have on CPart 5 what reaction will countries have to the Daimler APart 6 what role will governments play with international BC.Part 1 T Government and business F the scale of T national Part 2 Tthe Daimler merger F According to Jeffrey Garten F The Daimler merger marks the beginningPart 3 T this merger will T cultural differences FOperational Finterntional mergersPart 4 Tin the future Fthe smaller firms Tcompetition will F Renault PeugeotPart 5 T Anti-trust Tthe SEC Fmercedes T CHryslerPart 6 Tthere has been an eclipse Tgovernments have different F governments are able to join acrossD. 1. Fthe significance 2Tthis merger was 3Tthere are more international mergers 4Tsmaller car companies will 5. F In the end , 6T governments are more conservative.Unit 10A Task Listening:what are two examples of nontraditional families mentioned in the report? Gay couples, foster parents, stepfamilies, labor unions, historical societies and unrelated seniors.Part 1 what legal action has been taken in California? California now publicly registers nontraditional groups as families.Part 2 how does Shannom Gibson’s family situation illustrate the situation of many American family today? Shannon Gibson has both a biological father and a stepfather in her family.Part 3 what issue will the states be grappling with for many years? The courts will be grappling with the issue of what constitutes a family.Part 4 how does the family registration certificate help? It could help legitimize John Brown’s status as a single father with dependents.C.1. Awhat is disappearing in the united states?2. Awhich nontraditional groups are mentioned as3. Chow is shanon Gibson like?4. Cwhat concern does Shannon have?5. Chow can a group register?6. Bwhich group is not mentioned as one that?7. Bwhat did the family Diversity?8. Awhat kind of court case caused the state of?9. Bwhich group is not mentioned as s group in California?10. Cwhich two states have registion procedures similar?11. Bhow significant is the family registration? 12. Cwhat role does John play? 13. What does Browm say about his son?B 14. Awhat is likely to happen ti Brown as result?1. Tshannon feel2. Fshannon would rather be3. Tshannon is afraid4. Fthomas coleman thinks5. Fcoleman think it’s easy6. Tcoleman thinks it will take7. TJohn brown feels he has8. Fbrown is confident that the insurance9. T brown is expecting a fightUnit 9 P120A Task listening: Is Olen Kelley against all guns?No, only cheap handguns that are made to kill people.B.Part 1How are some people trying to change gun laws?Some people are trying to stop the sale of Saturday Night Specials.Part 2What happened to Kelley?Olen Kelly was held up and shot.Part 3Who is Kelley suing?He’s suing the manufacturer of Saturday Night Specials.C.1. BStatistics show that many people will2. Bwhat change in the GUN Control Act?3. CSenator Edward try to4. COlen Kelley5. Awhat happened when Kelley tried to open?6. Bwhat did therobbers do to Kelley?7. Cwhere is the maker of the gun located? 8. Bwhat does Kelley say about Knives? 9. C why does Kelley criticize junk guns? 10. C which of the following reasons does Kelley give? 11. Cwhat is Kelley’s most important goal in taking his case to court?D.6. Fkelley would sue the7. FKelley would sue the rifle manufacturer if. 1~5全是对的Unit 8 P106A.where did Lisa Grigg get the ideas for her clinic?From her auto mechanic.B.Part 1Clinic: Lisa Grigg opened a medical clinic in Vermont that accepts no insurance.Part 2Charge:She charges patients for her labor and for parts.Part 3Simple:By not dealing with insurance issues, she can keep her medical care very simple.Part 4Acute care:As an acute care provider, Lisa still encourages herpatients to see their primary care physicians.Part 5Off-the-clock:She will go off-the-clock and talk with her patients when their problems seem to be more serious.C.1. Lisa Grigg “had it”:companies forms2. she hung out a shingle as :acute care3. Patients are charged :fee4. Lisa Grigg charges:two dollars5. in addition to charging for her labor when :suture tray injection6.heritemized bill:minute part7. Lisa Grigg was feeling: fed up with8. the problems she had with: paperwork fighting9.Like her mechanic: price list10. Average co-pays are:ten fifteen11. Lisa Grigg encourages:primary care12. At her last job :eight three five13. Robert Siegel wonders if :billing14. Lisa Grigg is fairly :liberal15.If she thinks a : bruise16. Robert thinks Lisa’s:office managerD.1.Cwhat attitude does Lisa Grigg express in her answer?2. Awhatattitude does Robert Siegel expressin his comment? 3. Bwhat attitude does Lisa Grigg express ? 4. Cwhat attitude does Robert express in his question?Unit 7 P90A.how old was George Soros when he first started trading in currency? He was 14 years old.B.Part 1Multibillionaire :Multibillionaire and philanthropist George Soros became one of the world’s wealthiest men through his work as a financier.Part 2anxious:Managing people’s money and taking risks made him anxious.Part 3experiences in trading :His experiences in trading began when he was 14. as a Hungarian Jew hiding from the Nazis.Part 4feelings about money:Soros has uncomfortable feelings about his reputation to make money and would rather be known as a thinker. Part 5goal :His goal is to make a contribution to make the world a better place.C.1. Bwhat is special about Tuesdays on Morning Edition?2. Bhow is George soros described?3. Awhich of the following is not true4. Bwhat’s the problem with managing ?5. Bwhat negative effect might Scros’scyrrency trading6. Cwhich of the following is not true about Soros’s7. B which of the following is true about the 14 old years?8. Cwhat lesson did George learn？9. Bhow did young George feel about his experiences 10. Awhich of the following describes George background? 11. Cwhich of describes George’s plan? 12. B how would Soros have liked to be appreciated? 13. B what fascinates Soros? 14. Cwhat does heving money allow Soros to do?15. C how does soros react to the idea that he is ? 16. Bwhich of the following is not correct in 17. Ahow does Sorod feel about giving money？18. Chow would George Soros like to be remembered? Unit 6B.1.What has Benetton done that has caused controversy?Benettonhas produced a set of controversial ads.2.How do the Benetton ads help the company?The ads createcontroversy and generate publicity for the company.3.How do the views of the newborn-baby ad differ?Some say the adof the newborn is disgusting, while others say it is magnificent and natural.4.According to Bob Garfield, what two purposes do these adshave?The ads benefit publicity while they distract consumers from Benetton’s high prices.C.1.Awhich of the following is not true?2. C which of the followingdoes not describe one of the Benetton ads? 3. Awhy is Garfield being interviewed? 4. Bwhy does Garfield think Benetton has produced? 5. Chow does Garfield think people probably react when they see the ad? 6. Cwhich description does Garfield think Benetton would use to ? 7. Ain discussing the newborn baby,what does imagine? 8. Bwhich magazine published the ad with the newborn baby? 9. A how does the interviewer teaact to the magazines? 10. Cwhat did Benetton espect to happen with these ads? 11. Bwhy does Garfield think Benetton’sadvertising is cunning? 12. C what does Garfield say about Benetton’s prices?。
LESSON ELEVENFamous People1. W: I can't seem to find my photo album.M: I think Mary is looking at it in the living room.Q: What is the woman' problem?2. W: Did you hear that Michelle turned down that job?M: Yeah. The hours were convenient, but she wouldn't have been able to make ends meet.Q: What does the man say about Michelle?3. M: Is there a bus I can take to get to the station?W: There is, but you can't rely on it. I'll give you a ride if you can wait while I put these things away.Q: What is the woman going to do?4. M: I hate memorizing vocabulary.W: Well, it's part of learning a second language so there is nota whole lot you can do about it.Q: What does the woman tell the man?5. W: Have you had a chance to wear your new shirt yet?M: That reminds me. I've been meaning to exchange it for a larger size.Q: What does the man imply about the shirt?6. M: Do you think you'll feel energetic enough to walk to ourstudy group session tonight?W: If there is one. I guess you haven't heard the weather report. Over a foot of snow is expected.Q: What information can you get from the conversation?7. M: Oh, I turned all of my white socks pink. I threw a redT-shirt in by accident.W: Have you tried running them through again with bleach?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?8. W: I hear that your brother is planning to transfer to anotheruniversity.M: Not if I can talk him out of it and believe me, I'm trying.Q: What does die man imply?9. W: I'd like to enroll in the free seminar you advertised in thenewspaper, the one on managing your personal finances.M: OK, now the ad did say that you have to have a savings account at our bank to be eligible. Do you have onehere?Q: What does the man want to know?10. W: Did you see the weather forecast for this weekend? Ican't believe how the temperature is gonna dip.M: I know. That isn't my idea of what October should be like.Q: What do you know about the man?11. M: This exhibit is a total bore. I can't believe they call thisart.W: I think I've seen enough.Q: What will the woman probably do next?12.W: We should probably think about selecting someone tolead our study group, somebody really organized. Youknow?M: Then you can count me out.Q: What is the woman discussing with the man?13. W: What do you think would be a reasonable price to pay fora new computer?M: You're asking the wrong person. My brother gave me mine.Q: What conclusion can you draw from the man?14.W: That's a nice-looking jacket. It fits you perfectly. Is itsomething you bought recently?M: Thanks. No, I've had it a while. I've just been waiting for the weather to cool down.Q: What does the man imply?15. M: What's wrong with Herald today? He snapped at me forno reason.W: Don't worry. It's just the end-of-semester pressure. He'll be his old self next week.Q: What does the woman say about Herald?Part BPassage IWilliam Jefferson ClintonDuring the administration of William Jefferson Clinton, theU.S. enjoyed more peace and economic well-being than at any other time in its history. He was the first Democratic president since Franklin D. Roosevelt to win a second term. He could point to the lowest unemployment rate in modern times, the lowest inflation in 30 years, the highest home ownership in the country's history, dropping crime rates in many places, and reduced welfare rolls. He proposed the first balanced budget in decades and achieved a budget surplus. As part of a plan to celebrate the millennium in 2000, Clinton called for a great national initiative to end racial discrimination. He sought legislation to upgrade education, to protect the jobs of parents who must care for sick children, to restrict handgun sales, and to strengthen environmental rules,President Clinton was born William Jefferson Blythe IV on August 19,1946, in Hope, Arkansas, three months after his father died in a traffic accident. When he was four years old, his mother wed Roger Clinton. In high school, he took the family name. He excelled as a student and as a saxophone player and once considered becoming a professional musician. As a delegate to Boys Nation while in high school, he met President John Kennedy in the White House Rose Garden. The encounter led him to enter a life of public service. Clinton graduated fromGeorgetown University and in 1968 won a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University. He received a law degree from Yale University in 1973, and entered politics in Arkansas.Clinton was elected Arkansas Attorney General in 1976, and won the governorship in 1978. After losing a bid for a second term, he regained the office four years later, and served until he won the 1992 presidential race. In 1998, as a result of issues surrounding personal indiscretions with a young female White House intern, Clinton was the second U.S. president to be impeached by the House of Representatives. He was tried in the Senate and found not guilty of the charges brought against him. He apologized to the nation for his actions and continued to have unprecedented popular approval ratings as president.I1.Which of the following is NOT true considering Clinton's contributions during his administration?2. When did Clinton take his family name?3. What did Clinton once want to he before he entered politics?4. Who influenced Clinton and led him to enter a life of public service?5. Which of the following words can best describe the speaker's attitude towards President Clinton?II1) was born, 2)1950, 3) Oxford University, 4) a law degree, 5) Yale University, 6) 1976 7) the governorship, 8) regained office, 9) the presidential race, l0) the House of Representatives.Passage IIWilliam ShakespeareMost people have heard of Shakespeare and probably know something of the plays that he wrote. However, not many people know much about the life of this remarkable man, except that he was born in the market town of Stratford-upon-Avon. We know nothing of his school life and nothing certain is known of what he did between the time he left school and his departure for London. According to a local legend, he was apprenticed to a Stratford butcher, but did not like the life and for this reason decided to leave Stratford.Whatever caused him to leave the town of his birth, the world can be grateful that he did so. What is certain is that he set foot on the road to fame when he arrived in London. It is said that at first he was without money or friends there, that he earned a little by taking care of the horses of the gentlemen who attended the plays at the theater. In time, as he became a familiarfigure to the actors in the theater, they stopped and spoke to him. They found his conversation so brilliant that finally he was invited to join their company.Earlier than 1592 there was no mention of Shakespeare either as actor or as playwright, and the name of the theater he worked in was not known. However, by this date he had become one of the three leading members of a company of actors called the "Lord Chamberlain's Men",From what we know of his later life, it is clear that Shakespeare's connection with the theater made him a wealthy man, since his plays attracted large audiences and he shared in the profits. Towards the end of the sixteenth century he bought a large property in Stratford. It is not certain when he went back there to live, but it was probably around 1603. He is not recorded as having acted in any play after that date, though he continued writing. No less than eleven of his plays were produced during the next ten years.Shakespeare died in 1616. Some years earlier he chose a gravestone under which he was to be buried. He had a curse engraved on this stone which threatened to bring misfortune on anyone who might remove his body from his grave.I1. What does the speaker mainly talk about?2. Why did Shakespeare leave his native place according to alegend?3.Why was Shakespeare invited to join the gentlemen's company?4. What made Shakespeare a wealthy man?5. Why did Shakespeare have a curse engraved on hisgravestone?II1.he left school, his departure for London.2. set foot on the road to fame3. one of the three leading members4. continued writing, eleven of his plays5. Shakespeare diedPassage IIIMichael JordanSports fans all over the world recognize the name of Michael Jordan. Michael Jordan was born in 1963 in Brooklyn, New York. His road to fame began at the University of North Carolina. He brought an acrobatic style to the game that few hadseen before. Michael used his quickness and strength to reach the basket again and again. He became famous for his powerful slam-dunk. Basketball fans from all over the world began to take notice. One reporter wrote that when Michael went up to dunk the basketball, it looked like he could fly. He was given the nickname, "Air Jordan." In his sophomore season, Michael led his school to the national championship and was named to the All-American team.After college, Michael was drafted by the Chicago Bulls. The NBA was amazed at this high-flying scorer. Michael was named Rookie of the Year in 1988 and Most Valuable Player in 1987. He once set a record by scoring 63 points in one game. For seven straight seasons, he led the NBA in scoring. By 1990, he had become the most popular player in the game. As basketball's spokesman, he was featured on dozens of ads in magazines and on TV.One goal that Michael had not yet achieved was to be on an NBA championship team. In 1991, things finally came together for the Chicago Bulls, and they won the NBA championship. But Michael wasn't content with just one championship; he led the Bulls to three straight NBA titles! In just nine seasons, Michael Jordan accomplished more than any other player inNBA history. He achieved every goal he had set for himself and more.Part D1)very high-priced software, 2)low cost software, 3)the Microsoft dream, 4)The vast majority, 5)a uniform platform, 6)grow, 7)hardware companies,8)the PC business, 9) publishing, l0)the printing press, 11) the PC, 12)new versions of the software, 13)for software, 14) digital future, 15) take a photo, 16)planning, 17)the phone and the camera, 18)go digital, 19)music, 20) without digital。
Uint 11 Sometimes It’s Hard to Be a Woman, or A Man or Human Text-related information1. Tim Lott (born 23 January 1956, Southall, West London) is a British author. After running his own magazine publishing business, he graduated from the London School of Economics in 1986.His first book, the semi-autobiographical The Scent of Dried Roses, was published in 1996 and won the J. R. Ackerley Prize for Autobiography. His next work, White City Blue, was published in 1999 and won that year's Whitbread Award for Best First Novel.He was also shortlisted in the 'Best Novel' category of the 2002 Whitbread Awards for his work, Rumours of a Hurricane. He has since published The Love Secrets of Don Juan, The Seymour T apes and Fearless.The Scent of Dried Roses, a memoir of his family and his own life, remains his most acclaimed work. Beginning with the tragedy of his own mother's suicide, his memoir is a rich account. On the broader scale, he paints nuanced pictures of what it means to be working class, and how the English suburbs developed from the 1950s to the 1980s. More personally, also describes his own life journey, as he began to move beyond his family's roots, then go through depression and emerge at the other side only to face renewed tragedy, when the mother who had been so caring for him with his own mental illness, takes her own life.His latest novel is Fearless, published on June 4 2007. It is a mythic, political, dystopian fable a group of 1,000 girls confined to an institute in a time of terror. Fearless is published in both adult and young adult editions. He has also had a weekly column in the London Evening Standard.2. Allison Pearson (born 1960, Carmarthen) is a British writer. She is best-known for her period as a Daily Mail columnist and for a novel published in 2002, I Don't Know How She Does It.3. The Daily Mail is a British, daily middle market tabloid newspaper. First published in 1896 by Lord Northcliffe, it is the United Kingdom's second biggest-selling daily newspaper after The Sun. The Daily Mail was Britain's first daily newspaper aimed at the newly-literate "lower-middle class market resulting from mass education, combining a low retail price with plenty of competitions, prizes and promotional gimmicks", and the first British paper to sell a million copies a day.4. Stephanie Merritt (born 1974 in Surrey) is a critic and feature writer for various publications including The Times, the Daily Telegraph, the New Statesman, Zembla and Die Welt. She has also been Deputy Literary Editor and a staff writer at The Observer.5. Marian Keyes (born 10 September 1963) is an Irish novelist and non-fiction writer, best known for her work in women's literature.6. Sally Hampton (born July 29, 1958 in St. Louis, Missouri) is anAmerican writer and film producer living in Los Angeles, USA.7. Emma Thompson (born 15 April 1959) is an English actress, comedienne and screenwriter. Her first major film role was in the 1989 romantic comedy The T all Guy. In 1992, Thompson won multiple acting awards, including an Academy and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress, for her strong performance in the British drama Howards End.8. Coronation Street (affectionately nicknamed Corrie) is a British prime-time soap opera set in the fictional town of Weatherfield, four miles in either direction from and a suburb of the city of Manchester, England. Created by Tony Warren, Coronation Street is the longest running and most watched British soap opera.9.Beverley Callard (born March 28, 1957 in Morley, Leeds) is an English actress, best known for her role as Liz McDonald in ITV's Coronation Street, and Floella Henshaw in BBC Three's Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps.10. The Guardian(until 1959, The Manchester Guardian) is a British national daily newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Founded in 1821, it is unique among major British newspapers in being owned by a foundation (the Scott Trust, via the Guardian Media Group). It is known for its left of centre political stance.11. Kira Cochrane is a the Guardian writer.12. Dr. Dorothy Rowe (born December 1930) is an Australianpsychologist and author, whose area of interest is depression. Dr. Rowe currently resides in the United Kingdom.Language Points1. The decision …comes hard on the heels. On the heel of something------very soon after something. This expression means one event followed straight after or very soon after the first one. Example:The decision to by Peter came hard on the heels of the club’s promotion to Sam’s.2. patches of acute mental distress------a bad/difficult/sticky/rough patch means a period of time when you are having a lot of difficulties. Example:Gemma’s going through a bad patch right now.3. Unhappiness bleeds into depression. If something bleeds into another thing, it unfortunately can develop into a bad situation.4. That unsquareable circle alone. The expression “square the circle”is used to mean that achieving two aims which are complete opposites is not possible. If something is unsquareable, it is impossible to have it done. Here the woman has to choose between career and motherhood – the two together is impossible – a circle cannot become a square.5. They want to love their bodies as they are, and yet feel attractive to others. The woman wants to be loved as she is – not having to follow fashion, diets etc. She maybe a little fat, not be especially sexy / beautiful figure etc. Y et she wants to believe she is attractive as she is now.6. And with gender roles more fluid. Gender roles mean things each gender used to. Fluid here is used as a verb and metaphor meaning change/movement is happening. More men do tasks traditionally the women do. e.g. cooking, washing up etc. and women now drive the car etc.7. Then there are historic forms of female disadvantage. If something has historic forms, it means it long exsists and very typical.Word Study1. incidentally adv. 1）introducing a different topic , by the way;e.g. I have to go now. Incidentally, if you want that book, I'llbring it next time.2）in an incidental manner;e.g. In our discussion this question was incidentally broughtup.2．contradiction n. 1）opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas.e.g.There seems to be a contradiction between her words andactions.2）(logic) a statement that is necessarily false.e.g. The boss will not tolerate any contradiction.3. irreconcilable adj. impossible to reconcile.e.g. The partner's differences seem irreconcilable.4. formidable adj. extremely impressive in strength or excellence.e.g. A formidable prospect lies ahead of him.5. imperative 1) adj. requiring attention or action.e.g. It is imperative to act now.2) n. some duty that is essential and urgent.e.g. Job creation has become an imperative for thegovernment.Keys to exercisesText Comprehension:Answer the following questions1.Uncertainty and confusion. (para 6 and 7)2.W omen’s are not as straightforward as men’s. For example, mencan go to work without thinking and feeling guilty for not being with the children. But women want to make their achievement in their jobs, meanwhile, they want to be with the children. There are many other examples from the article. (para 8 to 13)3.Their idea of being a family provider. (para14 and 17)4.They are not appreciative. They think it is the way it should be,and they ignor men’s effort. (para 15 and16)5.No standard answers (para 19 and 22).6. No standard answers.Structural Analysis of the Text:Part one: (para.1 to para.4) poses the questions by introducing the true stories first. Pointing out the causes of women’s unhappiness “not necessarily for the reasons they think they are.”(para4)Part two: (para.5 to para.12) women’s source of unhappinessPart three: (para.13 to para.18) differences between men and women. Part four: (par a.19 to para.22) the writer’s suggestions to solve the problems.Summary WritingWhy are depression rates rising among women? For women, the reasons are much less straightforward, which is one reason why their unhappiness is so much more distressing and difficult to treat. People can cope with a great deal of unhappiness if they are clear about where the unhappiness stems from and what can and can't be done about it. Modern women want to have successful, satisfying careers and be good mothers and good friends and valuable members of the local community. They also want to remain desirable and fashionable. But to put these things into practice is extremely difficult. Men do have it better in some ways, partly because their desires and needs are more straightforward. Most men don’t feel guilty about not seeing their children except in the evening and at the weekend. And most men don't follow fashion. Most significantly of all,men don't worry too much about being "good". So, what is the solution? First, women need to lower their expectations of themselves. Second，rather than putting work, friends and children first, both men and women should put one another first. We should simply strive to be humble and grateful.V ocabulary and Structure:Keys to section A: 1. reconciled 2. imperative 3. contradiction 4. existence 5. inherit 6. formidable 7. sensitive8. confess 9. Incidentally 10. converselyKeys to section B:1. B2.A3. A4.B5. A6. A7. A8.D9.B 10.C Keys to close2. partially3. linked 5. positive 10. increase 9. impact1. management 8. tolerance 7. relieve 4. builds 6. reaction Keys to Further Reading1. C2. C3. A4.D5. BTranslations1．一位加拿大心理学教授已经鉴定出三种完美主义者：自我要求型（要求自己达到完美），要求他人型（要求别人达到完美）和被要求完美主义者（认为别人要求他们达到完美）。
Unit11Passport to EuropeClip One Eying EiffelNew Words&Expressionscontroversy/’kɔntrəvə:si/n.fierce argument or disagreementabout sth.esp.one that is carriedon in public over a long period争论,辩论,争议intelligentsia/inteli’dʒentsi:ə/n.知识分子(集合称),知识层,知识界draw up v.to prepare and usu.put into written form;draft 拟定、起草petition/pi'tiʃən/n.a formal message requesting somethingthat is submitted to an authority(许多人签名的向当权者提出某种要求的)请愿书monstrous/'mɔnstrəs/ a.abnormally large;shockingly brutalor cruel巨大的;尺寸大得不顺眼的,大得古怪的;极可恶的、令人震惊的crowning/'krauniŋ/ a.representing a level of the highestpossible achievement or attainment最高的,无比的armature/'ɑ:mətʃuə/n.塑像或模型的框架、骨架mechanism/'mekənizm/n.机械装置,机构,机制;办法,技巧,途径garter belt n.吊袜腰带off-season n.(in business and tourism)least active time of the year;period when there are few orders orvisitors淡季Bonjour!a very useful French greeting=good day您好!(白天问候时使用)Bonsoir!Good evening!晚上好！Bonne nuit!Good night!晚安！un,deux,trios,quatre,cinq French words for one,two,three,four,five Merci!Thank you!profile n.剖面,侧面,外形,轮廓balcony/'bælkəni/n.阳台;露台Exercises1Multiple ChoiceWhich one was Gustave’s crowning achievement?()A.The hooking mechanism for the garter beltB.The armature for the Statue of LibertyC.The Eiffel TowerD.A,B&C2True or FalseEvery level of the tower is accessible by a separate elevator.□True□False3Gap FillingThe content of the petition is"We,_____________ ______________do__________in the name of French____________and____________French art and history_________the useless and the _________Eiffel Tower.”4Question and Answer1)Who drew up a petition?________________________________________2)When did Gustave Eiffel designed the Eiffel Tower?_____________________3)How many levels does the tower have?_____________________4)When did Samantha visit the Eiffel Tower?_____________________5)How long will it take to wait per level during the on season and the off season respectively?________________________________________ ________________________________________ 6)Why did Samantha suggest us to bring post cards when we go to the Eiffel Tower?________________________________________ ________________________________________ 7)Why is the view better from the second level?________________________________________ ________________________________________ 8)What’s the tough decision mentioned by Samantha? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 9)How did Samantha describe the view of the tower at night?________________________________________________________________________________10)Why did she say she didn’t need to visit the EiffelTower at night?________________________________________________________________________________Script(Clip One Eying Eiffel)We are about to experience one of the greatest controversies in Paris.In fact300of its writers,artists and intelligentsia drew up a petition with this to say."We,the lovers of the beauty of Paris do protest in the name of French taste and endangered French art and history against the useless and the monstrous Eiffel Tower."What do they know?This symbol of France was designed by Gustave Eiffel in1889, and while it certainly was his crowning achievement,did you know that he also designed the armature for the Statue of Liberty?As well as,and this one's completely out of that field, the hooking mechanism for the garter belt.The tower has three levels,all accessible by separate elevators. In the summer,there can be as much as an hour's wait per level, but since I'm here in November,the offseason,it will takeabout twenty minutes to reach the top.When you come to the Eiffel Tower,make sure you bring your post cards because there is a post office on the first floor,and when you mail them here you will get a special Eiffel Tower stamp.Bonjour!Bonjour!May I have un,deux,trios…Quatre,cinqQuatre,cinq,okay,cinq please.Five for yours.And they'll get a special stamp?Yes.Merci.You're welcome.So beautiful!We're on the second level right now and you can go all the way to the top.The view is actually better from here because Paris is such a flat low-profile city.You actually see more of its character from this level.You've got a toughdecision when it comes to the Eiffel Tower,you can come during the day,or you can come at night.You can imagine how beautiful that is with all the twinkling lights.Also at night,the entire tower sparkles with thousands upon thousands of tiny white lights.But I don't need to come out for that because I can see that from my balcony.Key to Exercises1Multiple ChoiceC4True or FalseT5Gap Fillingthe lovers of the beauty of Paris protesttaste endangered againstmonstrous4Question and Answer11)300writers,artists and intelligentsia in Parisdrew up the petition.12)188913)3levels14)In November.15)In the summer,there can be as much as anhour's wait per level,but during the offseason,it will take about twenty minutes to reach thetop.16)Because there is a post office on the firstfloor,and when you mail them here you will get aspecial Eiffel Tower stamp.17)Because Paris is such a flat low-profile city.You actually see more of its character from thislevel.18)When to go to the Eiffel Tower.The viewduring the night is as amazing as that during theday.19)It’s beautiful with all the twinkling lights.The entire tower sparkles with thousands uponthousands of tiny white lights.20)Because she could see the view of twinklinglights from her balcony.Clip Two Fado Music in LisbonNew Words&ExpressionsLisbon/’lizbən/n.capital and largest city andeconomicand cultural center of Portugal里斯本（葡萄牙首都）gut-wrenching a.causing great distress,suffering,or extremely painfulfeeling,feeling of nervousenergy and emotional pain【引起精神(或感情)上的】极度痛苦的distinctive a.of a feature that helps todistinguish a person or thing有特色的,与众不同的fado/'fɑ:du:/n.a sad Portuguese folksong法多(一种悲伤的葡萄牙民歌) authentic/ɔ:'θentik/ a.dependable;true and deserving tobe believed or trusted真实可信的、可靠的accompany/ə'kʌmpəni/v.to play a musical accompanimentfor为…伴奏expressive/iks'presiv/ a.full of feeling and meaning富于表情的；意味深长的bare v.to bring to view,esp.by taking off a covering;expose 使赤裸，露出，暴露bare one’s soul/heart to make known one’s deepest feelings披肝沥胆，诉说衷情，剖白心事，敞开心扉cavernous/'kævənəs/ a.(of a space or hole)very largeand deep大而深的intimate/'intimit/ a.造成亲昵气氛的；便于有亲昵关系的unpretentious/'ʌn-pri'tenʃəs/ cking pretension oraffectation含蓄的、谦逊的、不招摇的Exercises1True or False1)Clube de fado was located in the dark narrow streetsof the Afarma.□True□False2)It’s better to listen to fado after10PM.□True□False2Gap FillingLisbon has a dark side,when that is marked by_______,__________and____________________.3Question and Answer1)How did Samantha describe Lisbon?_________________________________________2)Why should we go to an authentic place to listen tofado?_________________________________________3)How expressive is the musical style of fado?_________________________________________4)How is the atmosphere in the clube de fado?__________________________________________________________________________________5)What would people do before and after the singersbegin to sing?__________________________________________________________________________________Script(Clip Two Fado Music in Lisbon)You’ve certainly seen how charming Lisbon is,but this city has a dark side,when that is marked by betrayal,jealousy and gut-wrenching heartache.It's expressed in a musical style distinctive to Lisbon known as fado,and fado is heardthroughout Lisbon.But make sure you go to an authentic place, because you are listening and hearing this country's soul.I was told that clube de fado,located in the dark narrow streets of the Afarma is an excellent choice.Both women and men sing fado.It's accompanied by special Portuguese twelve-string guitar.The musical style is extremely expressive. It's an eye shut,mouth open,bare your soul kind of music.First of all,you should listen to fado no earlier than10PM; second,you want the perfect atmosphere like this one,it's a cavernous like space.It's intimate,yet,unpretentious.And do you see how lively it is here?A lot of loud talking,everyone is having a good time.When the singers begin to sing,nothing, everyone listens to the music.So,if you're hungry,eat up now.Key to Exercises1True or False1)T2)T2Gap FillingBetrayal jealousy gut-wrenching heartache3Question and Answer1)It’s charming yet still has a dark side.2)Because you are listening and hearing thiscountry's soul.3)It's an eye shut,mouth open,bare your soul kindof music.4)The atmosphere there is perfect.It’s acavernous like space.It's intimate,yet,unpretentious.5)Before:people talk aloud and have a good time.After:everyone listens to the music.Clip ThreeMunich's Famed Hofbräuhaus houseCultural TipsHofbräuhaus house(HB):Munich’s famous “Hofbräuhaus”was founded in1589by the Duke of Bavaria,Wilhelm V.It is one of Munich’s oldest beer halls.New Words&ExpressionsBavarian/bə’vɛriən/n./a.巴伐利亚人(的)Munich/‘mjunik/n.the capital and largest city ofBavaria in southeastern Germany慕尼黑(德国城市,巴伐利亚州首府) toast/təust/v.wish happiness,success,etc.to(sb./sth.)by drinking wine,etc.向…祝酒,为…干杯sweep v.move or remove(sb./sth.)powerfully and unstoppably by pushing,flowing,etc.;to movequickly and powerfully(all over)借推力、流动力等强劲而不停地带动或移走（某人/某物）;横扫、掠过、扫过brass band n.铜管乐队,军乐队hospitality n.friendly and generous reception andentertainment of guests or strangers,esp.inone’s own home殷勤,好客Exercises1Question and Answer1)What’s the great thing about Hofbräuhaus house?________________________________________________________________________________2)How to have a toast there according to Karol andSamantha?________________________________________________________________________________3)What’s the feeling like in Hofbräuhaus house?________________________________________________________________________________2Gap FillingWhat’s the meaning to or the reason for the way they cheered and toasted?The reason is that the King not to________him.He wanted to__________________________,so______ ____________________________.And also then you put it back onto the table because_________________ ______________________________so out of __________to give it a rest.Script(Clip Three Munich's Famed Hofbräuhaus house) I'm beer,Victor,DAHNK-uh.That tastes great.You know,you’re gonna have a beer in Munich right?But you've got to do it right.You wanna have the whole experience.And to do that you come to the Hofbräuhaus house. Now I always thought that was the Hofbrauhaus house but there's two dots over that“a”,changes the pronunciationentirely.And the great thing about this place is just walk in and sit down and I met some nice people already.This is Karol, how're you doing?Have a toast?Of course!We are gonna do it there.You're gonna hit and then on the table. (Yeah),and then.OK.Let's do it again.Let's do it like..like sweeps out everywhere.Could you do that?Alright.Ready?Now you're officially Bavarian.I think so too.I love this place.There's a lot of fun here.You told me the most important is that*and that just means hospitality.just like being home almost.Being home.And that's really the feeling here,you sit down and you just make friends immediately.And everything I had read about this place is true that you know,the waitresses are wearing the*and the live brass band who play the*music and which is just perfect.I love it.And the way we cheered,we toasted,there's a meaning to that,there's a reason for that. Do you know the meaning?No.I think it's fun though.A friend told me the reason is that the King not to poison him.He wanted mix a little bit of the beer,so somebody got it, everybody got it.And also then you put it back onto the table because the King wasn't strong enough to hold that up that long, so out of politeness to give it a rest.So shall we try again?Key to Exercises1Question and Answer1)The great thing about this place is just walk in and sitdown and meet some nice people.2)You're gonna hit and then put the glass on the table,and then drink.Just do it like sweeps out everywhere.3)It’s like Being home.You sit down and you just makefriends immediately.2Gap Fillingpoison mix a little bit of the beersomebody got it,everybody got itthe King wasn't strong enough to hold that up that longpolitenessClip FourProwling the Prado in Madrid,SpainCulture TipsVelázquez(June6,1599–August6,1660)a Spanish painter who was the leading artistin the court of King Philip IVNew Words&Expressionsimpressionist n.an artist,a composer,or a writer whopractices or upholds the theories ofimpressionism.印象派艺术家：印象派的画家、作曲家或者作家Renaissance:/‘rɛnisɑns/n.文艺复兴,文艺复兴时期spread out v.extend in one or more directions伸展;延长;分散prado/’prɑ:dəu/n.(尤指讲西班牙语国家中)高级住宅区的林荫大道,上流社会散步场[*此处的Prado是指Prado Museum,即位于马德里的普拉多博物馆]perspective n.(the rules governing)the art of drawingsolid objects on a flat surface so that theygive a natural effect of depth,distance,andsolidity透视（画）法，远近（画）法Exercises1True or FalseWe would see the renaissance artists in France andimpressionists in Italy.□True□False2Gap Filling1)Prado is where you come to see the______of theSpanish school of arts___________________________________________________.2)The painting by Velázquez is“The_____________ofBreda”.In this painting,he plays with the idea of________________.3)Most people would look at this painting and say,oh,Velázquez is obviously showing us he is______________________________..3Question and Answer1)Which country is Samantha visiting?________________________________________2)According to Samantha,what does a visitor want tosee when visiting a country in Europe?________________________________________3)Why did Samantha think this painting was so fun?________________________________________Script(Clip Four Prowling the Prado in Madrid,Spain) When you visit a country in Europe,you always wanna see their artists,their movements,like in France you would see the impressionists,in Italy the renaissance artists.Here in Spain, it’s a little different because their arts spreads out over the generations.And the Prado is where you come to see the giants of the Spanish school of arts ranging from the12th to the19th century.And here is one now.Velázquez.This is his painting‘The Surrender of Breda".Now in this painting,he really plays with the idea of perspective.Look at the horse,ok;do you see which direction he is going in?Ok,come over to this side.Ok,the horse looks like it's,it's gonna go to the right.Now come over here,hehe,the horse is changing directions,actually going to the left.That’s great.Let’s do it one more time.Here,right. Now here,left.That’s so fun.Now,just let so you know what youare dealing with here,most people would look at this painting and say,oh,Velázquez is obviously showing us he is a master of baroque art.Oh I'm like that’s so great;the horse changes directions,that guy’s cool.Ok,next.You’re gonna love this.These two paintings are by Francisco de Goya,Las Mahas.There is the naked Maha,and the clothed Maha.Now the story goes they were commissioned by the Prime Minister.He commissioned Goya to paint a lady in the nude, which was considered pornographic.Now this was at the time of the[colo=red]I[/color]nquisition and you didn’t want to anger people then.So what Goya did was very clever.He painted the same lady clothed.So when this painting was hung in the prime minister’s home,this one hung in a series of weeds and pulleys to be lowered down,should say the cardinal or a priest dropped by. Now when you look at these two paintings,you think,where are their necks?I would think Goya knew how to paint necks,Oh, the lady's wearing a mask to protect her identity and no one ever knew who she was.Key to Exercises1True or FalseT2Gap Filling4)giants ranging from the12th to the19th century5)Surrender perspective6)a master of baroque art3Question and Answer4)Spain5)He/She always wanna see their artists,theirmovements.6)The horse changes directions with the visitor. Clip Five Thornbury CastleNew Words&Expressionsin order acceptable;properly arranged or according toaccepted rules恰当的，妥当的，合乎程序（规则）的duke/dju:k/n.公爵duchess/'dʌtʃis/n.the wife of a duke公爵夫人a.k.a【缩写】=also known as又名;亦称Buckingham/'bʌkiŋəm/n.白金汉郡[英国英格兰郡名]白金汉宫behead vt.cut the head of砍(某人的)头;砍头处决Royal Highness英皇族亲属间的称呼manor/'mænə/n.庄园grant vt.allow to have;bestow,especially officially准许;答应给予;赐予、授予fortified/'fɔ:tifaid/ a.加强的、设防的、筑以防御工事的try v.examine or decide in a lawcourt审讯、审理dungeon/‘dʌndʒən/n.a dark,often underground chamberor cell used to confine prisoners.地牢。
1B/5 5 1 7 3 10 6 9 8 4 22/5 Though breakgone throughcame outdepends oninterviewconvincingExclusive3A/5 will be reporting whoknowthatis3B/5 can’t be allowed can be learnedmust be limitedcan be measuredhas to be kepthave to respect3C/5 thatTalia madewill not been playingcan’t be allowedcan learn4/5s che dule nightm are rel ie ved exc lus ive int erv iew con vin ce ag ent5/5 Keep koolTake it easy! I’ll try to get some ticketsat the gate.What! You can’t be serious!Don’t let it get to you.Maybe you’re being a little too sensitive about this.You can’t he serious.Unit 123/16 He’s proud of her successful performance.His team lost.To show his regret that they haven’t seen each other much.8/16He didn’t want her to accept.She’s been offered a new job.RidiculousThe last time he asked patty to turn up the volume.Talia has been workong very hard at her job.Her recognize Jackie on TV.They lost the qualifying match.Talk to Talia.9/16 --->He didn’t want her to accpet ,because he wanted to spend more time with her--->She appreciated hia honest.--->She declined it.--->Amy has got Talia’s old job.--->Amy called him.1A/5feels bad that she hasn’t called NickAsk her not to move to a different city.Confused because she think he already knows about her decision.Very close to Nick.I’ve been meaningIsn’t it greatcome in heregot an offerstart right awayGo aheadbeen in tough get in the wayturned Newsbeat down match thier offerin other words made a fool of myselfwere just been honest qualitiesHe can play golf a lot in Florida.Four years latter.She feels no fun in driving.It is a quiet place.She has a house in Florida.She dose not like the weather in Michigan.1B/5 2 4 10 6 1 9 3 7 5 82/5It seem like yesterday.turned out.made a fool of myselfturn downget in you wayturned it downIn other wordsIn a waywork out3A/5 did does should am will3B/5 whom when do ran into her take her out4/5 vol ume unf ortu nately qua lify qual ity Ri dicu lous5/5keep my postedI’ve been wanting toWhat are you going to be doing after schoolDo you have any plants for the futureLet me know how things work outI may just play for the Cougars.Section test C题目顺序随机，根据答案自己找合适的题Listening○1talia tells Nick she regrets her mistake.Talia says she’ll stop working at Newsline .Nick describes advice he was givien.Talking to guests on her showThe first phase of an interview○1、Show appreciation by shaking hands.2、She start an interesting topic and the guest continues.3、She doesn’t want her guest to stop talking.1、He implies that Dean is the one who has committed a crime.2、Because he now has evidence.3、Because he has to go see someone.losthe runs ahead through the forest.1、Patty reminds Nick about the reportor on TV.2、Nick complains that he hasn’t seen Talia lately.3、Patty advices Nick to go and talk to Talia.1、He thought Talia had to focus on her work.2、Tell the thuthVocabular○------>warm welcome tired jokescame across oversee come by○------>broke the news overestimating break the habit blame tough altered winGrammar○1------>did that shouldn’t be r‘ll be talking shouldn’t have○2------>were had been playing am supposed to could have should have been turn out wouldn’t have○3------>’d been trying ’ll be leaving○4------>were which might have○5------> hadn’t gone out do wherePronunciation(都是选折题！单词是答案中的)○1、Talia could have gotten a better job.2、Jackie shouldn’t have helped her brother.3、How will Tony ever trust her again?4、Would you believe Jackie’s at the door.听重词：1、He asks PATTY to turn it DOWN.2、After Nick works OUT ,he goes to the juice bar.3、proFESsional1、This is、、、2、Getting、、、3、You can’t、○1、I’ve been meaning to call you,but I haven’t had time.2、do you have any plans for the future.3、Let me know how everything goes.Level Test:1、You leave in the early morning.2、The sun comes out.3、You see flowers in the meadow.4、You walk happily along the trail.1、Content2、The bright flowers.1、go look for her at the university.2、some information3、about a year ago4、because Amy left Patty some money as a tip1、class2、uncomfortable3、a company that makes shoes1、response2、car horn3、referee’s whistle1、We create it from many sources.2、What they believe is incorrect.3、Brain connections.1、asked about Kick’s shoes2、at her home3、worried4、interrupt1、She had asked Jackie about Kicks Shoes.2、Stay and eat dinner with Talia3、Because she is at a good restaurant with a famous person.4、Relieved1、She doesn’t trust Jackie.2、She wants Nick no to ask the police to arrest her.3、She wants to record her confession.4、Amy.1、Jackie met Nick at the juice bar.2、Dean and Jackie planned the scheme,3、Jackie took Dean to lunch.4、The tape that Jackie made is edite.1、appreciative2、learnt a lot3、deserves her promotion4、a hard-working researcher5、work for him for a long timeillegal take a hard line agent1、ask someone out2、clear something with someone3、keep someone guessing4、are out of linestraight rotten apple clear the air seeing him overheard coming by come through hot temper don’t you been looking was reported to talkyourself might have Could to put much been dreaming surprise surprising do1、Jackie arrived after Dean sat down.2、If Nick sees Jackie,then he will cough.3、The desert came after Talia drank her coffee.------>lie who taken So have------>was doing to admit can to tellmade------>were told playing had------>supposed to be planing had of out have ------>hadn’t do who have--{a}---->unstressed--{you}----->stressed--{know}---->unstressed--{But}---->unstressed它能够听读的是哪个单词-----here her-----full foll-----breathe breeze--------call her UP--------EVerything--------SO do YOU---Are you OK---I would be too---keep my posted---I have to go now---Well,he wasn’t so bad---My professor is not too great---How could you do that?---That’s ridiculous.---It’s not a big deal.---No,I don’t think so.---You’re a great actor----Oh,I want to ask you.。
Lesson ElevenCustomsPart A1.M: Hello, this is Doctor Morita from the Emergency Department. I have a seventy-year old patient with a fractured ankle.W: OK, send him to Ward 3.Q: What are they talking about on the phone?2. W: John told me he had bought a second-hand car. Do you know how much he paid for it?M: Well, he said he had paid $800 for it. I think he got a real bargain.Q: What does the man think of the price of the car?3. M: I read in the newspaper that the novel you are reading is excellent.W: I've also read some negative reviews.Q: What can be learned from the conversation?4. W: I just made a jar of jam this morning and now I can't find it anywhere. Do you know what happened to it?M: Did you bear a crash? That was it. I'm just as clumsy as ever.Q: What is the problem?5. W: I'm very impressed by all the work you've done on your house, Mr. Miller. How long have you been working on it?M: I first became interested in doing things myself several years ago. I have been doing something on it every now and then for almost a year now. You know, I couldn't afford to pay workmen to do it.Q: What do we learn about Mr. Miller?6. W: Professor Burns seems to think there's only one way to write a paper and that's her way.M: No kidding. She sure wasn't like that last semester.Q: What can be inferred about Professor Burns?7. W: Would you like to see these pants in another color?M: Actually, the grey is fine. But I prefer something in wool.Q: What will the man probably do next?8. M: Doctor, this cough medicine doesn't seem to be helping. Can you give me a different prescription?W: Let's give it another day or two and see how you are doing then.Q: What does the doctor imply?9. M: I'm thinking about dropping my swimming class. I'm just not catching on.W: Stick with it. I did and I learned how to swim eventually.Q: What can be inferred about the woman?10. M: I can't for the life of me (无论如何也) get that washing machine downstairs to work. Do you have any suggestion?W: Try washing just half of the normal load.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?11. W: Shall we run around the park or go for a bike ride?M: It makes no difference to me. They are both good exercises.Q: What does the man say about the activities?12. M: The Variety Theater finally went out of business,W: Well, that's no surprise. It was the worst one in town.Q: What does the woman mean?13. W: It's a shame you didn't win your tennis match.M: I might have won if I'd listened to my coach.Q: Why didn't the man win the match?14. M: I ran out of coins while doing my laundry.W: That's too had.Q: What is the man's problem?15. M: Your apartment always looks so good, so spotless. Mine's such a mess.W: I've been at the lab all week. It's my roommate's doing.Q: What does the woman imply?Part BPassage I Marriage CustomsDespite the recent growth in the number of divorces, we in the West still tend to regard courtship and marriage as a romantic business. Boy meets girl, boy falls in love with girl, boy asks girl to marry him, girl accepts. Wedding, flowers, big celebration.But in other parts of the world things work differently. In India, for instance, arranged marriage is still very common. An intermediary, usually a married lady, learns that a young man wishes to get married and she undertakes to find him a suitable bride. The young couple meet for the first time on the day of the wedding.In Japan, too, arranged marriages still take place. But there things are organized in a different way. A girl wishes to find a husband, and the girl's mother, or aunt perhaps, approaches the mother of a suitable young man and the young couple are introduced. They get a chance to have a look at one another and if one of them says, "Oh, no, I could never marry him or her", they call the whole thing off. But if they like one another, then the wedding goes ahead.In parts of Africa, a man is allowed to have several wives. Now that sounds fine from the man's point of view, but in fact the man is taking on great responsibility. When he takes a new wife and buys her a nice present, he has to buy all his other wives presents of equal value and, although we are obviously speaking of a male-dominated society, the wives often become very close and so, if there is a disagreement in the family, the husband has three or four wives to argue with instead of just one.It is true that American women have sometimes found it exceedingly difficult to assume the role of the wife of an African living in Africa. However, various forms of arranged marriage have just as much chance of bringing happiness to the husband and wife as our Western system of choosing marriage partners.1. What is implied in the passage?2. Who would be the intermediary of a young couple in India?3. In what way is the marriage custom of Japan similar to that of India?4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?5. What is not mentioned in the passage?ii.1.They regard courtship and marriage as a romantic business.2.On the day of their wedding.3.The whole thing would be called off.4.It is probable that all the wives might argue with the husband.5.He thinks that the various forms of arranged marriage can bring happiness to the husband and wife, too.PassageII Christmas in AmericaChristmas in America is a time of spreading good cheer. People give cards and gifts to each other. Families enjoy special visits and meals together. The smell of candy and spices fills the air. Christmas laughter warms the hearts of young and old alike. Christmas trees, colorful decorations and brightly-wrapped gifts bring an old song to mind: "It is beginning to look a lot like Christmas."It all began about 2,000 years ago. An angel appeared to a Jewish girl named Mary and gave her good news: "You will have a son. His name will be Jesus, the Savior." When the baby was almost due, Mary and her fiance Joseph went to their hometown, Bethlehem, for a census. The only place they could find to stay at was an animal stable. There the special baby was born.Angels announced the joyful news to some shepherds. They left their sheep and hurried to see the baby. Some time later, wise men from the East saw an unusual star. They knew someone great had been born. The star led them to Bethlehem. When they found the child Jesus, they offered him gifts for a king.The celebration of this special birth came to be called Christmas. Through the ages, people developed many Christmas traditions. The custom of decorating Christmas trees began centuries ago. People in many ancient cultures decorated homes with trees in winter. In the Middle Ages, Christians in Europe added lights and religious symbols to evergreens to make Christmas trees, Santa Claus has become one of the most famous Christmas figures, particularly in America. His legend started witha kind bishop named St. Nicholas who lived around 300 AD and was known for his generosity. The practice of giving Christmas gifts comes from the gifts offered to the child Jesus by the wise men from the East. The star on the top of the Christmas tree symbolizes the star that led the wise men to Jesus.Most Americans feel that Christmas is the most wonderful time of the year. It's a time of excitement, a time of joy, a time to show love in special ways. Best of all, Christmas is not just for Americans. Christmas is for everybody in the world. Christmas is the celebration of the God's gift to the world Jesus,l. Who gave Jesus presents after his birth?2. How did the wise men find the child Jesus?3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?4. When did the legend of Santa Claus start?5. Which is NOT true according to the passage?ii. Listen to the passage again and write T (true) or F (false) for each statement you have heard.1. ( T ) Christmas in America is a time of spreading good cheer.2. ( F ) Jesus was born in Mary's home.3. (T) In the wise men's opinion, the appearance of an unusual star symbolized the birth of someone great.4. ( T ) Christmas traditions have developed gradually through the ages.5. ( F ) The custom of decorating Christmas trees began in the Middle Ages. passageIII Western Table MannersPeople who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture. Knowing them will tell you how to behave at table and help you make a good impression. Beside your napkin you will find a small plate for a bread roll and three glasses -- one for white wine, one for red one, and one for water. There are two knives and forks on the table, forks on the left and knives on the right of the plate. When you see two spoons, the big one is for the soup and the small one for the dessert. The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than the ones beside them. When you sit down at the table, you can take your napkin, unfold it, and put it on your lap. Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter. Some people pray before they start eating, and other people maykeep silent for a moment. Then you can say "bon appetit" to each other and everybody starts eating. For the starter, you will get a bowl of soup -- but only one bowl of soup and never ask for a second serving.The next dish is the main course. Some people use their fingers when they are eating chicken or other birds, but never touch beef or other meat on bones. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate, so don't take more food than you need.At the table, you should try to speak quietly and smile a lot, but do not laugh all the time.Table manners follow the fashion of the day and are only important at formal dinner parties. If you are not sure about what to do, you can always follow your hosts. You don't need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends.Part D1) sunny 2) Jobs3)Health care 4) social security 5) from the bottom 6) possibility 7) grateful 8) faith and trust 9) all of yo u 10) our notion. 11) progress 12) Republicans.13) beautiful 14) tallest skyscrapers 15) your schools, 16) shared with me 17) aging parents, 18) difference 19) support 20) gratitude.。
Unit 11Task 3Listening: you will bear two people comparing French and American customs. They are talking about the things people do when visiting someone’s home in the two countries. Listen to the recording and tick the points they make. You also need to discuss the points and compare them with the Chinese situation with a partner.Wayne: So, Monique, is this your first visit to the United States?Monique: Yes, it is. It’s all a bit confusing .Some friends invited me to their home for dinner next week. What should I take as gift?Wayne: Well, it’s... it’s probably best to take some flowers—or maybe a small gift, like something typical from your country.Monique: Yes, in France, flowers are a good idea, too. Or some really good chocolates. And in France, it’s polite to arrive a little early. Is it the same here?Wayne: in the US, uh… we don’t arrive exactly on time, uh… but you should arrive no more than fifteen minutes late. And if you’re later, they’ll think you’ve gotten lost—or…or forgotten to come.Monique: I wouldn’t want that!Wayne:In France, how do you greet your host or hostess when you arrive?Monique: Well, when you arrive, it’s normal to kiss your hostess on both cheeks. If you’re a man, you shake hands with the host—you don’t kiss him.Wayne: OK, well, here we... we sometimes kiss our hostess on one cheek, not both. Generally, we don’t kiss our host. It kind of depends on how well you know your host and hostess.Monique: Oh, anther thing—in France, you shake hands with all the other guests. Uh... If you don’t, it’s not polite. What about here?Wayne: Well, here it’s usually OK just to say hello, it’s also important to look people in the eye when you talk to teem. People may think you’re unfriendly if you don’t. And use their first names. Monique: In the past, people were formal—they didn’t use first names. Now we generally use first names as well. You know, if some one is close enough to you and...Task 5Listening: You will listen to someone giving advice to a group of job-seekers. What are some of the important “do’s”and “don’ts”for a job interview? Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you bear.So, let’s go over the key points again. First of all, clothes. A week or so before the interview go to the place of work and look carefully at how they dress. You want to make sure that you look as though you belong to the‖tribe‖, you know, wear the right kind of ―uniform‖. Select the clothes from your wardrobe that match the look you want. If you need to buy some new clothes then get used to wearing them so that you don’t feel too awkward and self-conscious. Now, the right clothes are important, but think of your facial appearance too. Get rid of things like earrings and pony tails if you’re a man, and shave off the beard—mentioning no names, Richard—cos if there’sone thing lots of interviewers hate, it’s beards. Don’t eat onions, garlic, or curry for at least two days before an interview; you don’t want to kill them with your breath, do you?Right, now for the interview. Remember that you probably win or lose that job in the first thirty seconds. You never get a second chance to make a good first impression! Walk in confidently and look as though you’re really looking forward to the experience. Try not to look miserable or scared, and – if it’s offered—shake the interviewer’s hand firmly. If there’s a row of interviewers behind a table, look everyone in the eye to show that you’re confident. When you sit down, sit up straight, and don’t lie back in the chair, or even worse have your hands behind your head. Keep both feet on the ground, and keep your hands open and relaxed on your lap, whatever you do, don’t play with your hair or keys. Don’t cross your arms or legs. Why? Yes, that’s right; no negative body language! As for the questions, try to be honest. If you try to sound too perfect they’ll know you’re lying!Interviewers love to ask about your negative points or what the problem was with your last job. Never, never criticize your last job. Never, never criticize your past employers or boss, it’s the kiss of death. If someone asks you an awkward question, try not to look daggers at them. Try and turn a negative point into something positive, like ―Well, I think I was a bit too enthusiastic in my last job; I see now that I got on my colleagues’ nerves a little‖, and so on. It’ll show that you have matured and are ready to learn..Task 6Listening: Miss Manners is a newspaper columnist. She gives advice about manners and relationships. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear. The first one has been done for you as an example.Number 1: HonestyFirst man: So, how do you like my new suit?Second man: Uh...Well, urn…OK, I’ve got to tell you, john, that color really doesn’t look so good on you. I mean, purple? Some people look good in purple, but, sorry, you just don’t and the style? Well, it’s kind of …Ok, I’ll tell you straight. It makes you look fat.First man: ThanksSecond man: Hey, what did I say? You ask me what I think, I tell you. What’s the matter? You don’t want me to be honest? What are friends for (Pause)?Commentator: Whoever said, ―honesty is the best policy‖ did not mean hurting other people’s feelings and then, when they feel bad, hurting them again by saying they don’t believe in honesty.Number 2: HelpfulnessFirst man: (on phone) I really can’t believe you’re dating Norman. Why, he’s fifteen years older than you are. Now, I’m only saying this because I care about you, but I really don’t think It’s a good idea for you to date someone that much older. Your interests—they’ll be so different.Second Man: Year, well, thanks for your concern about my life. (Pause)Commentator: Of course it’s nice to be helpful-but not when it means telling people how they should lives. Minding your own business is fine, but minding someone else’s just isn’t.Number 3: Health-consciousness(Sounds of restaurant)Waiter:Are you ready to order?Woman: I’ll have the tofu salad-no salad dressing-and a bottle of mineral water.Man: And I’ll have the steak, a baked potato, and let’s see…chocolate ice cream for dessert. Women: Steak? Baked potato? Ice cream? Think about your health. You know red meat isn’t good for you. It has too much fat and cholesterol. And potatoes-all carbohydrates. You need vitamins. And ice cream? Why, that meal is a heart attack on a plate. It will kill you.Man:Um…well…Waiter:Perhaps you’d like more time to look at the menu.Man: Year, I guess I would.(Pause)Commentator: It’s good to think about your own health, but that’s no reason to spoil other people’s dinner by telling them that they’re eating position.Number 4: Idealism(Sounds of elevator door closing)Women: Twelfth floor, please.(Sounds of dog barking)Women: Shhhh, Prince. We’ll be home in a minute.Man: Excuse me, ma’am. I know it’s none of my business, but do you really keep a dog in the apartment building?Woman:Yes. Pets are allowed.Man: I’m not talking about the rules, ma’am. I’m thinking about nature. Animals need to be outside. They need to run and play. They need and freedom. I can’t believe you keep an animal locked inside an apartment all day. It’s really cruel.(Sounds of elevator door opening: dog growling)Women:I don’t think Prince agrees. (Pause)Commentator:But I agree…with the first thing the man said: It is none of his business. His ideas-what he believes-are fine, for him. But he has no reason to criticize someone for that is neither unusual nor his concern.Number 5: Being true to your own feelings(Telephone rings: Picks up)Jan: Hello?Rick:Hi, Jan. How are you doing?Jan:Ok.Rick:I’m really looking forward to going to the theater tonight. They say it’s a really good play. Anyway, I was just calling to check on the time we should meet.Jan:Gee, Rick, I meant to call you. I was planning on going to the play with you, but…you know, I’m really tired today.Rick:Oh, no. I bought these tickers two months ago. You know how hard it was to get them. Jan:Year, I know, but…I just don’t feel like it. I wouldn’t be very good company. Maybe-I don’t know-I'm sure one of your other friends would love to go.Rick:Year, I guess so. (Pause)Commentator: Some things-like doing what we’ve promised, even if we don’t feel like it at the moment-just need to be done. It’s part of being ―a civilized person.‖Task 8Listening: You will hear someone giving the correct answers for the above statements. Listen to the recording. First write True or False for each statement. Then note the sky information about what you hear.Number: 1First Women:Ok, here’s a question for you. True or false? Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.Man:You’re kidding.Number 2Man: Ok. Here’s a good one. Bulls hate the color red.Second Woman: I think that’s right.Man: Not really. You see, bulls are colorblind. All colors look the same to them.Second Woman: But in bullfights-like in Spain or Mexico-the bullfighter has a red cape.Man: It says here that what the bulls hate is the motion. In a bullfight, the matador moves the cape. It’s the movement that makes the bull run at the matador, not the color.Number 3Second Woman: My turn. Um…Big Ben is a clock.First Woman:That has to be true.Second Woman: Sorry, but it isn’t. And Big Ben isn’t the tower either. Big Ben is the bell-the bell in the clock tower.First Woman: I’m not sure I like this game.Number4First Woman: The next question: Brown eggs are healthier than white eggs.Man:I’ve always heard that. But everything else I’ve heard has been wrong, so I’m going to say, ―False.‖First Woman: You’re right! A lot of people think so, but—no—color doesn’t have anything to do with how healthy an egg is. There just isn’t any difference.Man: What I can’t believe is that I actually got a point.Number 5Man:Ready? The fastest animal in the world is the cheetah.Second Woman: Yeah, Everyone knows that.Man:Let’s see…well, it looks like everyone is wrong. The cheetah is the fastest land animal, but it’s not the fastest animal. The fastest animal is a bird: the Peregrine falcon. It’s like a hawk. It can fly 350 kilometers an hour—that’s over 200 miles an hour—when it’s finding food. The cheetah is fast—about 100 kilometers (60 miles) an hour –but not as fast as the falcon.Number6Second Woman: OK, let’s see. True or false: Hot water freezes faster than cold water.First Woman: That’s got to be false.Second Woman: Actually, this one is true. Hot water does freeze than cold water.First Woman: That’s crazy. How could tot water freeze faster? It’s got to cool off.Second Woman: It sys here that there’s a reason. Hot water evaporates—bits of stream go into the air. They carry heat them. So hot water cool faster, and it freezes faster.First Woman: That’s hard to believe.Second Woman: Try it. They say it’s true.First Woman: Amazing!Number 7First Woman: Here’s next question: Mosquitoes are more dangerous than tigers.Man: Again, I’m going to guess against common sense, I’ll say, ―True.‖First Woman: You’re right. Tigers kill only about a hundred people a year. Mosquitoes kill more than a million and a half every year. That’s because they carry diseases like malaria. Mosquitoes are the most dangerous animals on earth.Man:Still, would you rather go camping in a place with mosquitoes or with tigers?First Woman: Neither thanks.Number8Man: This is a literature question. Frankenstein, the monster, was invented by a crazy doctor. Second Woman: Yeah. I saw the movie.Man:I guess the movie was wrong. There are two mistakes here. First of all, in Mary Shelley’s book, Frankenstein is not the name of the monster. Frankenstein is the inventor: Baron von Frankenstein. And Frankenstein wasn’t a doctor. He was a student. He studied science and math.Second Woman: This game is a monster.。
