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GreenChemistry可持续发展的绿色化学绿色化学是一种基于环境友好原则的化学设计和生产方法，旨在减少或消除对环境和人类健康的负面影响，并促进可持续发展。
随着环境问题的日益凸显和可持续发展的重要性日益增加，绿色化学成为了一种迫切需要的技术和方法。
在这篇文章中，我们将探索绿色化学对可持续发展的影响，并讨论其在减少污染、节能减排和资源利用方面的潜力。
绿色化学的目标是开发并应用能够降低污染物生成和排放的化学品和过程。
通过使用可再生材料、减少或消除有毒物质的使用以及探索替代性的可持续能源来源，绿色化学致力于减少化学反应中产生的有害废物的数量和毒性。
与传统的化学方法相比，绿色化学可显著减少对环境和人体健康的损害，并且有助于建立一个更加可持续的社会。
绿色化学的一个重要方面是减少能源的消耗和减少温室气体的排放。
传统化学生产方法通常需要大量的能源输入，并产生大量的温室气体，如二氧化碳。
通过优化化学反应条件、使用高效催化剂和设计能够节约能源的生产方法，绿色化学可以显著降低能源的消耗和温室气体的排放。
这不仅有助于减缓气候变化，还可以为社会经济发展提供可持续的能源来源。
绿色化学还强调资源的有效利用和循环利用。
传统化学方法通常依赖于大量的原材料和高浓度溶液，而这些原材料和溶剂经常以废物的形式被丢弃。
绿色化学通过设计高效的合成途径、优化物料流动和废物处理方法，致力于最大化资源利用并最小化废物排放。
这不仅有助于减少资源的消耗和废物的产生，还可以提高生产效率和经济效益。
除了在化学合成和生产过程中的应用，绿色化学还涵盖了产品生命周期的整个过程。
从原材料的选择和生产到产品使用和处理，绿色化学致力于在整个生命周期中减少对环境的影响。
例如，绿色化学可以帮助降低含有毒物质的产品的使用和排放，鼓励可再生材料的使用，以及促进产品的回收和再利用。
通过整个生命周期的综合考虑，绿色化学可以提供更加可持续和环保的产品和解决方案。
绿色化学的推广和应用离不开跨学科研究和合作。
Green Chemistry Sustainable Chemistry Green chemistry, also known as sustainable chemistry, is a field that focuses on designing chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. It aims to minimize the negative impact of chemical processes on human health and the environment, while also promoting the efficient use of resources. This approach to chemistry has gained significant attention in recent years as the need for sustainable practices becomes increasingly urgent in the face of climate change and environmental degradation.From an environmental perspective, green chemistry offers a promising solution to the widespread pollution caused by traditional chemical processes. By developing alternative methods that prioritize the use of renewable resources and the reduction of waste, green chemistry has the potential to significantly decrease the environmental footprint of the chemical industry. This is particularly important given the significant role that the chemical industry plays in global pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Embracing green chemistry principles can lead to a more sustainable and ecologically responsible approach to chemical production, ultimately benefiting the health and well-being of our planet.Furthermore, green chemistry also presents economic opportunities for businesses and industries. By adopting sustainable practices, companies can reduce their reliance on non-renewable resources and minimize the costs associated with waste management and environmental remediation. Additionally, the growing consumer demand for eco-friendly products has created a market for sustainable alternatives, providing a competitive edge for businesses that prioritize green chemistry. As a result, embracing green chemistry principles can lead to long-term cost savings and improved market positioning for companies across various sectors.On a societal level, the implementation of green chemistry practices can have far-reaching benefits for human health and well-being. By reducing the use of toxic substances in chemical processes, green chemistry helps to minimize the potential risks of exposure to harmful chemicals for workers in the industry and the general population. This is particularly important in communities located near chemical plants or waste disposal sites, where thenegative health impacts of traditional chemical processes are often disproportionately felt. By prioritizing the development of safer and more sustainable chemical products and processes, green chemistry has the potential to improve public health outcomes and create safer working environments for individuals employed in the chemical industry.However, despite the numerous benefits of green chemistry, there are also challenges and barriers to its widespread adoption. One of the main obstacles is the resistance to change within the chemical industry, which has long been entrenched in traditional methods and may be hesitant to invest in the research and development necessary to transition to greener practices. Additionally, there may be concerns about the initial costs of implementing green chemistry initiatives, as well as the need for retraining and retooling existing infrastructure. Overcoming these challenges will require a concerted effort from both the public and private sectors to invest in research, education, and policy measures that support the transition to green chemistry.In conclusion, green chemistry holds great promise as a sustainable and environmentally responsible approach to chemical production. By prioritizing the use of renewable resources, the reduction of waste, and the development of safer chemical processes, green chemistry offers a pathway towards a more sustainable future for the chemical industry and the planet as a whole. While there are challenges to its widespread adoption, the potential benefits for the environment, the economy, and public health make it a crucial area of focus for the future of chemistry. Embracing green chemistry principles is not only a moral imperative but also a practical and economically viable strategy for creating a more sustainable and prosperous world for future generations.。
美国的绿色化学计划和总统绿色化学奖
马永正
【期刊名称】《中国科技奖励》
【年(卷),期】2000(008)004
【摘要】@@ 绿色化学就是用化学的方法预防污染.具体地讲,绿色化学是指化学产品和生产过程的设计对环境和人类健康更加有利,它包括化学生产的各个方面和所有类型.通过减少特定化学合成和生产过程中有害物质的应用和产生,化学家可以极大地减轻化学工业对人类健康和环境的威胁.通过产品的设计和加工来达到预防污染的目的是美国环保署绿色化学计划(Green Chemistry Program)的核心,也是环保署为环境而设计计划(Design for the Environment Program)的有效尝试.【总页数】3页(P35-37)
【作者】马永正
【作者单位】驻美使馆科技处
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】X327.120.1
【相关文献】
1.美国总统绿色化学奖 [J], 文思
2.美国的绿色化学计划和总统绿色化学奖 [J], 陆文华
3.1998年美国总统绿色化学挑战奖得主--总统绿色化学挑战奖认可的五项与环境友好的技术 [J], 白路娜
4.1999年美国绿色化学奖 [J], 毛卓寰
5.2010年美国绿色化学奖推动可持续发展 [J],
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有关绿色化学的作文英文英文：Green chemistry is an important and innovative approach to creating chemical products and processes that are environmentally friendly. It focuses on reducing or eliminating the use and generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture, and use of chemical products. I believe that green chemistry is essential for a sustainable future, as it can help us minimize the negative impact of chemical processes on human health and the environment.One example of green chemistry in action is the development of biodegradable plastics. Traditional plastics are made from non-renewable resources and can take hundreds of years to decompose, leading to pollution and harm to wildlife. However, green chemists have developed biodegradable plastics that break down much more quickly and do not pose the same threat to the environment. This is a great example of how green chemistry can lead to moresustainable and eco-friendly products.Another example is the use of alternative solvents in chemical processes. Many traditional solvents are toxic and harmful to human health and the environment. Greenchemistry seeks to replace these solvents with safer alternatives, such as water or supercritical carbon dioxide. By doing so, we can reduce the negative impact of chemical processes on both human health and the environment.中文：绿色化学是一种重要而创新的方法，旨在创造对环境友好的化学产品和工艺。
Green Chemistry_四川大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.One of the obvious effect of catalysis to facilitate the reaction is to minimizethe activation energy (energy costs), and thus reduce the reactiontemperature.参考答案:正确2.Principles for designing safer dye chemicals to aquatic species include:参考答案:Sulfonic group (磺酸基) is better than carboxylic group (羧酸基)_Molecular weight should be larger than 1000 Daltons3.If we compare the molecule A (【图片】) with another molecule B (【图片】), the molecule A shows higher toxicity than the molecule B.参考答案:错误4.In some cases, the application of atomic economical reaction in chemicalsynthesis is not enough for eliminating the formation of wastes. These cases include:参考答案:Low product stereoselectivity_The presence of parallel reaction_Lowequilibrium conversion5.Muscarinic antagonistis (蝇覃碱拮抗剂)【图片】is a silane analog ofneopentyl carbamate (新戊基氨基甲酸酯)【图片】, the former is morebiodegradable than the latter.正确6.The use of catalysts is preferred in green chemistry because of the followingreasons:参考答案:Reduce environmental pollutions_Activate new startingmaterials_Increase the selectivity of a special product_Promote thechemical processes7.For delocalized cationic dyes containing N, the toxicity comparison should be:参考答案:The more substituents on N atom there are, the more acute the toxicity is_Primary N < Secondary N < Tertiary N8.Biodegradability of chemicals is usually enhanced by the following molecularfeatures:参考答案:Oxygen in the form of hydroxyl or carboxylic groups_Un-substitutedlinear alkyl and phenyl rings9.The eventual mineralization of organic compounds can be attributedpredominantly to the biodegradation by higher organisms.参考答案:错误10.Considering the food requirement, the following biomass resources could beused as the chemical feedstocks for producing fine chemicals and liquid fuels:Microalgae_Woody wastes11.These renewable feed-stocks are most often associated with biological andplant based starting materials, including:参考答案:Saw dust_Agricultural wastes12.Catalytic distillation is a kind of technique of process intensification, whichcombines the catalytic reaction and product separation in a single distillation column. Which equipment or techniques in the following are included inprocess intensification?参考答案:Microreactors_Static Mixers_Membrane reactor13.Oxidation reactions are frequently used in petrol-refinery (石油炼制). Tominimize the pollutions induced by inorganic oxidants, some green oxidants could be used in chemical synthesis. These green oxidants include:参考答案:O3_lattice oxygen_N2O14.Which typical environmental problems in the following are related tochemical industry?参考答案:Global warming_Acid rain_Depletion of ozone layer_Photochemicalsmog and haze15.Chemical reaction with 100% atom utilization has two characteristics. Thereactants could be fully utilized, and the resource could be most possiblyused economically. The waste could be minimized.参考答案:正确16.We can use the following substances to replace the traditional inorganicoxidants such as CrO3, KMnO4, and HNO3 in cleaner oxidation reactions:参考答案:H2O2_O2_N2O_Lattice oxygen17.We can control the reaction process even we cannot measure the parametersof chemical reaction.参考答案:错误18.The atomic economical reaction is not a requisite condition (必要条件) foreliminating the formation of wastes because the low equilibrium conversion and low product selectivity in a chemical reaction will also bring aboutpollutions.参考答案:错误19.The goal of green chemistry is to treat the environmental pollutions alreadygenerated in chemical reactions.参考答案:错误20.Renewable feedstocks are the substances that are easily regenerated withintime frames that are accessible to the human lifetime, including carbondioxide and methane.参考答案:正确21.The goal of green chemistry is to eliminate the potential of pollution before itoccurs.参考答案:正确22.Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are frequently used as solvents inchemical reactions, which will lead to potential harmfulness to handlers and environments. From the viewpoints of green chemistry, which in thefollowing could be used as new solvents instead of VOCs for chemicalsynthesis?参考答案:Supercritical CO2_Deep eutectics (低共熔溶剂)_Water23.The following molecular features of chemicals generally do increase theresistance to aerobic(需氧) biodegradation, except:参考答案:Potential sites of enzymatic hydrolysis_Un-substituted linear alkylchains24.The possible effects of the solubility of chemicals on biodegradability are asfollows:参考答案:Microbial bioavailability_Rate of solubilization25.Which group of metals in the following should we avoid using when we aredesigning metalized acid dyes (金属化酸性染料).参考答案:Al, Cr, or Zn_Al, Cr, or Co_Cr, Co, or Zn26.If O has been inserted into the structure during molecular design, thebiodegradability of a chemical will be enhanced.参考答案:正确27.DDD【图片】is a silane analog of DDT 【图片】(organochlorine pesticide 有机氯杀虫剂), the former is more biodegradable than the latter.参考答案:正确28.The reaction types involved in biomass conversion to fine chemicals andliquid fuels include:参考答案:Hydrolysis_Deoxygenation_Hydrogenation29.One of the research area in Green Chemistry is to use renewable feedstocksfor chemical production. Which could be used as feedstocks for chemicalproduction in the following resources?参考答案:Microalgae_Agricultural wastes_Kitchen garbage_Waste cooking oil30.Traditional pollution treatment can provide a permanent cure.参考答案:错误31.Classification of surfactants includes:参考答案:Anionic surfactants_Cationic surfactants_Amphotericsurfactants_Neutral surfactants32.The majority of chemicals that are toxic to aquatic species are toxic byspecific toxicity.参考答案:错误33.For very insoluble chemicals, the replacement of a given functional groupthat increases solubility may reduce the biodegradability.参考答案:错误34.The introduction of O is particularly important for biodegradation, becausethe 1st step of biodegradation is some kind of oxidation reaction which is almost always the rate limiting step.参考答案:正确35.Several unconventional processing techniques that rely on alternative formsand sources of energy are of importance for process intensification. These alternative forms and sources of energy include:参考答案:Solar energy_Photo and other radiation_Sonic_Microwaves36.The energy is widely used in chemistry and chemical industry in thefollowing aspects:参考答案:Separation energy requirement_Accelerates the reaction rate withheat_The need to control reactivity through cooling_Pre-heating of the reaction mixture。
绿色化学的发展500字作文英文回答：Green chemistry, also known as sustainable chemistry, is a concept that promotes the design and development of chemical products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. It focuses on finding innovative solutions that are environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially responsible.One of the key drivers for the development of green chemistry is the need to address the environmental impact of traditional chemical processes. Many conventional chemical reactions use toxic solvents, produce harmful waste, and consume large amounts of energy. Green chemistry aims to reduce or eliminate these negative impacts by utilizing alternative solvents, developing efficient catalysts, and optimizing reaction conditions.For example, in the production of pharmaceuticals,green chemistry principles can be applied to reduce the use of hazardous reagents and solvents. By using greener alternatives, such as water as a solvent or bio-based reagents, the environmental footprint of the process can be significantly reduced. This not only benefits the environment but also improves the safety and sustainability of the pharmaceutical industry.Another area where green chemistry is makingsignificant progress is in the development of renewable energy sources. Traditional energy generation methods, such as burning fossil fuels, contribute to air pollution and climate change. Green chemistry offers solutions such as the development of efficient solar cells, the production of biofuels from renewable resources, and the design of energy storage systems with minimal environmental impact.Furthermore, green chemistry is driving innovation in the field of materials science. By designing materials with improved properties and reduced toxicity, green chemists are creating alternatives to conventional materials that are harmful to human health and the environment. Forinstance, bio-based polymers are being developed to replace petroleum-based plastics, reducing the reliance on non-renewable resources and decreasing plastic waste.中文回答：绿色化学，也被称为可持续化学，是一种促进化学产品和过程设计与开发的理念，旨在最大限度地减少有害物质的使用和产生。
The Chemistry of Green Synthesis andCatalysisIntroductionThe modern world is facing many environmental problems caused by human activities. Environmental pollution, climate change, and depletion of natural resources are the major concerns. To address these issues, scientists are exploring ways to develop sustainable technologies and practices. The field of green chemistry aims to reduce the environmental impact of chemical processes by minimizing waste, using renewable resources, and reducing toxic substances. Green synthesis and catalysis are two important subfields of green chemistry, which have great potential for sustainable development.What is Green Synthesis?Green synthesis refers to the development of chemical reactions that are environmentally benign and sustainable. It involves using renewable resources, reducing the use of hazardous chemicals, and minimizing waste. Green synthesis is important because traditional chemical processes are often resource-intensive, produce large amounts of waste, and use toxic solvents, which can have adverse effects on human health and the environment.Green synthesis can be achieved by several methods, including using bio-based feedstocks, replacing hazardous solvents with benign ones, using microwave or ultrasound-assisted reactions, and using catalysts. Catalysts are an important tool in green synthesis, as they often allow the reaction to proceed more efficiently and with fewer environmental impacts.What is Catalysis?Catalysis is the process of accelerating a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst. A catalyst works by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. It does not affect the thermodynamics of the reaction and is notconsumed in the reaction. Therefore, catalysts can be used repeatedly to speed up reactions without being depleted.Catalysis plays a crucial role in many industrial processes, including the production of fuels, polymers, and pharmaceuticals. However, traditional catalytic processes often use high temperatures and pressures, require toxic solvents, and produce hazardous waste. This is where green catalysis comes in.What is Green Catalysis?Green catalysis is a branch of green chemistry that focuses on developing sustainable catalysts and catalytic processes. Its goal is to reduce the environmental impact of catalytic reactions by using renewable resources, minimizing waste and toxicity, and improving efficiency.Green catalysis has many benefits over traditional catalysis. For example, it can reduce energy consumption and therefore lower greenhouse gas emissions. It can also use non-toxic and renewable resources, which can reduce the environmental impact of the reaction. In addition, green catalysis often uses less hazardous solvents, which improves the safety of the reaction for workers and reduces the risk of contaminated waste.Green Synthesis and Catalysis in ActionThere are many examples of green synthesis and catalysis being used in industrial processes. For example, the production of biodiesel is a green synthesis process that uses vegetable oil or animal fat as a renewable feedstock. The reaction is catalyzed by sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, which are both inexpensive and non-toxic catalysts.Another example is the production of pharmaceuticals using enzyme catalysis. Enzymes are biocatalysts that work under mild conditions of temperature and pressure and produce little or no waste. Their use in the production of pharmaceuticals can reduce the environmental impact of the process and improve the safety for workers.ConclusionGreen synthesis and catalysis are two important subfields of green chemistry that have great potential for sustainable development. By using renewable resources, minimizing waste and toxicity, and improving efficiency, these processes can reduce the environmental impact of chemical reactions. Green synthesis and catalysis are already being used in many industrial processes, and their use is likely to increase in the future as the demand for sustainable technologies and practices grows.。
green chemistry引用缩写
绿色化学(Green Chemistry)，即可持续发展的化学，是一种旨
在减少或消除对环境和人类健康有害的化学物质的设计、生产和应用方法。
它通过最大限度地减少或消除废物的生成、减少能源消耗和使用环境友好的原材料来提高化学产业的可持续性。
绿色化学的核心原则包括避免产生有毒物质、优化化学反应条件以提高效率、设计可降解的化学物质、最大限度地利用可再生资源、使用催化剂降低活化能和减少废物的生成、设计更安全的化学产品和过程、开发可重复利用的化学方法和设备等。
通过遵守这些原则，绿色化学的目标是在遵循人类健康和环境保护的前提下推动可持续发展。
绿色化学的应用领域广泛，涵盖了从药物研发到化妆品、农业、食品、能源等各个领域。
在药物研发中，绿色化学可以辅助设计更安全、更高效的药物，减少有害副作用和废物产生。
在化妆品和个人护理产品领域，绿色化学可以帮助开发更环保、更安全的成分，同时满足消费者对产品效果的需求。
在农业领域，绿色化学可以改进农药和肥料的设计，减少对环境的污染，提高农作物的产量和质量。
在能源领域，绿色化学可以推动可再生能源的开发和利用，减少对化石燃料的依赖。
总之，绿色化学是一种以可持续发展为导向的化学方法和原则，通过减少对环境和人类健康的潜在危害，推动化学产业的可持续发展。
它
的应用潜力广泛，可以在各个领域中带来更环保、更高效、更安全的化学产品和过程。
以绿色化学为主题英语作文Green Chemistry: A Vital Pathway for a Sustainable Future。
Green chemistry isn't just a buzzword; it's arevolution in how we approach science and production. Think about it, why create harmful waste when we can design processes that are clean and efficient?I mean, imagine a world where every product we use is made without polluting our planet. No more toxic chemicals leaking into our rivers or the air we breathe. It's possible, and green chemistry is leading the way.But it's not just about the environment. Green chemistry also makes economic sense. Think about the money we could save by not having to clean up after ourselves or pay for the health issues caused by pollution. It's a win-win situation.And it's not just scientists in labs who are makingthis happen. Companies are starting to see the value of green chemistry and are investing in it. Consumers are also demanding more sustainable products, which is driving the change.So, the next time you hear someone talking about green chemistry, don't just brush it off as something too technical or boring. It's a movement that's changing the world for the better, and we all have a role to play in it. Let's make our planet a better place, one step at a time。
