09_组播协议操作

组播协议操作目录目录第1章 IP组播协议.....................................................................1-11.1 DCSCM............................................................................................1-11.1.1 DCSCM介绍...........................................................................................1-11.1.2 DCSCM配置任务序列............................................................................1-11.1.3 DCSCM典型案例...................................................................................1-41.1.4 DCSCM排错帮助...................................................................................1-51.2 IGMP Snooping配置.......................................................................1-51.2.1 IGMP Snooping介绍.............................................................................1-51.2.2 IGMP Snooping配置任务......................................................................1-61.2.3 IGMP Snooping典型案例......................................................................1-71.2.4 IGMP Snooping排错帮助....................................................................1-10第2章 IPv6组播协议.................................................................2-12.1 IPv6 DCSCM....................................................................................2-12.1.1 IPv6 DCSCM介绍..................................................................................2-12.1.2 IPv6 DCSCM配置任务序列....................................................................2-12.1.3 IPv6 DCSCM典型案例...........................................................................2-32.1.4 IPv6 DCSCM排错帮助...........................................................................2-42.2 MLD Snooping................................................................................2-42.2.1 MLD Snooping介绍..............................................................................2-42.2.2 MLD Snooping配置任务.......................................................................2-52.2.3 MLD Snooping典型案例.......................................................................2-62.2.4 MLD Snooping排错帮助.......................................................................2-9第3章组播VLAN配置..............................................................3-13.1 组播VLAN介绍...............................................................................3-13.2 组播 VLAN配置任务.......................................................................3-13.3 组播VLAN举例...............................................................................3-2第1章 IP组播协议1.1 DCSCM1.1.1 DCSCM介绍DCSCM（Destination Control and Source Control Multicast）技术主要包含三个方面，即组播信源可控、组播用户可控及面向服务优先级的策略组播。

9 MLD Snooping配置关于本章MLD Snooping配置在二层组播设备上，通过对上游三层设备和下游用户之间的MLD报文进行分析，建立和维护IPv6的二层组播转发表，实现组播数据报文在数据链路层的按需分发。

注意事项端口作为VPLS AC侧的接入端口时，如果该端口同时还作为组播流入接口，会导致对应组播数据无法正常转发。

9.1 MLD Snooping概述MLD Snooping (Multicast Listener Discovery Snooping)是一种IPv6二层组播协议，通过侦听三层组播设备和用户主机之间发送的组播协议报文来维护组播报文的出接口信息，从而管理和控制组播数据报文在数据链路层的转发。

9.2 设备支持的MLD Snooping特性设备支持的MLD Snooping特性包括：MLD Snooping基本功能、MLD Snooping策略、成员快速刷新等。

9.3 缺省配置介绍缺省情况下，MLD Snooping的配置信息。

9.4 配置MLD Snooping基本功能配置MLD Snooping基本功能，设备可以建立并维护IPv6二层组播转发表，实现组播数据报文在数据链路层的按需分发。

9.5 配置MLD Snooping策略通过配置MLD Snooping策略，可以控制用户对组播节目的点播，提高二层组播网络的可控性和安全性。

9.6 配置成员关系快速刷新配置成员关系快速刷新，使组播组成员加入或者离开组播组时设备能够快速响应成员变化，可以提高组播业务运行效率和用户体验。

9.7 维护MLD SnoopingMLD Snooping的维护，包括清除MLD Snooping表项、清除MLD Snooping的统计信息、监控MLD Snooping运行状态。

9.8 配置举例针对如何在IPv6组播网络中配置MLD Snooping 基本功能、静态端口、MLD Snooping 查询器、成员端口快速离开、响应拓扑变化发送查询报文，分别提供配置举例。

题目FonsWeaver 780A设备的时钟盘提供的时钟类型不包括( )外时钟FonsWeaver 780B设备的( )槽位可以插E1盘O1 FonsWeaver 780B设备的E1盘保护优先级：选定一个保护盘，剩下的都可以作为工作盘，保护的优先级从保护盘的右边开始( )降低逆时针FonsWeaver 780B设备交叉时钟盘本身是1＋1的热备份；没有固定主备关系，某一块盘先上电，那它就是主用，后上电的为备用；一般如果一个框中两块盘都已经插入，设备开电，( )槽位默认为主用，这个关FonsWeaver780B设备最多可以配置4块EMU盘，其中NMU盘可配置在( )槽位08,09PPP中的NCP（网络控制协议）实现以下哪种功能（ ）建立链路SIP协议注册服务器端口号默认为对于ONU的语音业务优先级默认为下面对于EPON光功率叙述不正确的是不通过分光器直接将ONT接在OLT光口上，可能烧坏光模块在20ONU中Config\device# show line card status可以查看状态，如下那种状态正常（）1在FonsWeaver 780B设备E1盘1：7盘保护中，选定W7为保护盘，其他都为工作盘，优先级最低为：( )W8AN5116-02设备上EC2卡的PON口20公里的光模块的发光功率范围是多少?( )+2到+7dB()收到离开报文后，等待一个leavedelay时间,如果在此阶段无加入报文响应，删除端口并发送离开报文，否则回复正常成员状态。

延时离开()收敛能力强，适用于大规模开通组播用户的工程环境代理模式???AN5116-02设备上EC2卡的PON口20公里的光模块的发光功率范围是多少?( )+2到+7dB04.20.05.26系列网管默认可同时登陆的账户数目为多少个04.20.05.26系列网管在工程使用中，如果网管使用的是mysql数据库，正确的转储门限及告警门限的设置值为04.20.05.26以上的网管版本安装配套的私有corba，其相关corba环境必须选用04/05ONU高科IAD T38传真模式修改命令set dsp选项15/16ONU配置数据模版的说法中正确的是命令配置完模版后FLUSH刷新模版20设备要抓取DSP与PON口的包需要镜像的端口分别为（）1，620设备在配置管理IP和语音IP时候通常将（）以静态路由方式加入管理IP网关20设备主控盘的电口中作为上联口和下联口的分别是（）GE2,GE1238.240.10.10对应组播mac地址为01:00:5e:70:0a:0a5116 V1.3系统中ONU认证模式不包括（）密码认证5116 V1.3系统中ONU认证模式从基于物理标识认证切换到基于逻辑标识认证，系统会执行（）重启当前槽位所有ONU5116 V1.3系统中进入ONU上报阶段，ONU MAC匹配上了绑定表中MAC，并且绑定表中SN为空，ONU中SN也为空，则系统会如何判断（）EC2判断为原来已授权ONU重新上电5116 V1.3系统中需要人工干预不由设备自动完成ONU更换流程的是（）ONU更换SN5506-07的交换芯片上联口为265516-01 EPON上联盘不包括（）GUP75516-01 epon时间管理配置中的ip为数据库网卡ip 5516-01 EPON下挂ONU的固件必须为（ ）及其以上版本83245516-01EPON复位ONU固件命令restoreonu<ponno>[<onurmac>}all]<dely>中delay值一般选25516EPON中QINQ域模板最多可以配置（）条业务325516GPON 07B ONU下挂PC应该将TAG模式配置为（），将CVLAN模式配置为（）UNTAG,TAG 5516下接HG220时，不建议使用QINQ域绑定PON口对780设备在DCC信道选择上默认走( )，在和其余SDH设备对接时应配置成( )DCCM,DCCR802.3af定义了PD的最大功率为12.95WAC16默认的代理IP为192.168.244.222AN5006-04A3必须使用（ ）版本及其以上版本软件R4.05.60.27AN5006-04的交换芯片的上联端口的端口号是10AN5006-06的交换芯片的上联端口的端口号是27AN5006-07的交换芯片的上联端口的端口号是26AN5006-10B2H ONU以下哪个命令可以查看语音端口注册状态（ ）show epstatusAN5006-15ONU查看当前数据上下行速率方法拓扑图中XA32板右键查询状态AN5006-15ONU查看端口状态是显示为“N/A”则表示空闲AN5006-15ONU导出语音配置的命令是：ADMIN# upload ftp voice-config <A.B.C.D> <username> <password> <filename>AN5006-15ONU的AC16中配置语音单层VLAN界面是配置NGN VLAN AN5006-15ONU的收光范围是：—8db到—24dbAN5006-15ONU命令行升级主控盘的命令是：ADMIN# download ftp sys 134.140.1.177 1 1 fswb.binAN5006-15ONU上联盘仅接了光纤，关于管理相关配置的说法正确的是：管理端口是29:1AN5006-15ONU上网管的准备工作不包括以下哪个步骤添加静态路由AN5006-15ONU设备FE口的私有地址是：192.168.1.1AN5006-15ONU设置端口镜像命令在哪个目录VLANAN5006-15ONU数据业务开通不涉及到的步骤DSP模版AN5006-15ONU学习端口数据mac地址的主控盘目录FDBAN5006-15ONU语音业务开通不需要哪个些数据电话号码AN5006-15ONU中XA32盘升级说法错误的是可以随意更改升级文件文件名AN5006-20ONUGE1口私有地址是10.100.10.240AN5006-20ONU查看MAC地址命令在什么目录VLANAN5006-20ONU的安装要求错误的是工作温度-30℃~+55 ℃AN5006-20ONU的说法不正确的是只支持带内管理方式AN5006-20ONU的说法正确的是供电方式支持直流和交流俩种AN5006-20ONU端口镜像命令在哪个目录switchAN5006-20ONU关于数据模版配置中说法正确的是将比特交换功能去使能AN5006-20ONU满配用户数是128路数据AN5006-20ONU命令show line card status中“swAlive”的含义说明错误的是2表示未查线卡AN5006-20ONU配置SNMP TRAP时IP地址是：网管服务器IPAN5006-20ONU上联接光纤时配置管理VLAN时端口属性是不剥离AN5006-20ONU上网管的准备工作不包括以下哪个步骤设置带宽分配AN5006-20ONU数据端口不状态包括以下哪个ONLINEAN5006-20ONU数据业务需配置错误的是仅绑定ADSL模版即可AN5006-20ONU说法错误的是需要配置电话号码AN5116-02设备上EC2卡的PON口10公里的光模块的发光功率范围是多少?( )-3到+2dBAN5116-02设备上EC2卡的PON口20公里的光模块的发光功率范围是多少?( )(+2db到+7dB)AN5116-02型OLT从线卡上删除异常ONU信息的指令是。

组播路由协议书甲方（发起方）：[甲方全称]乙方（接收方）：[乙方全称]鉴于甲方需要通过组播技术向乙方传输数据，乙方同意接收甲方的组播数据，双方本着互惠互利的原则，经友好协商，就组播路由事宜达成如下协议：第一条定义1.1 组播（Multicast）：指一种数据传输方式，允许数据从单一源点发送到多个接收点。

1.2 组播路由协议：指用于在网络中确定组播数据传输路径的协议。

第二条组播路由协议的选用2.1 甲方选择[具体协议名称]作为本次组播数据传输的路由协议。

2.2 乙方同意使用甲方选定的组播路由协议，并确保其网络支持该协议。

第三条数据传输3.1 甲方负责提供组播数据源，并确保数据的准确性和完整性。

3.2 乙方负责接收甲方的组播数据，并保证数据的接收质量。

第四条网络配置4.1 甲方应确保其网络配置符合组播路由协议的要求。

4.2 乙方应根据组播路由协议的要求，对网络进行必要的配置和优化。

第五条安全保障5.1 甲方应采取必要的安全措施，防止数据在传输过程中被非法访问或篡改。

5.2 乙方应确保接收到的数据安全存储，并采取相应措施防止数据泄露。

第六条技术支持与维护6.1 甲方应提供必要的技术支持，协助乙方解决组播路由协议实施过程中的技术问题。

6.2 乙方应负责其网络的维护工作，确保组播数据传输的稳定性。

第七条违约责任7.1 如一方违反本协议的任何条款，应承担违约责任，并赔偿对方因此遭受的损失。

第八条协议的变更与终止8.1 本协议的任何变更或补充，必须经双方协商一致，并以书面形式确认。

8.2 如遇不可抗力或其他双方同意的情形，任何一方均可提前终止本协议。

第九条争议解决9.1 本协议在执行过程中发生的任何争议，双方应首先通过友好协商解决；协商不成时，提交甲方所在地人民法院诉讼解决。

第十条其他10.1 本协议一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份，具有同等法律效力。

10.2 本协议自双方授权代表签字盖章之日起生效。

甲方代表（签字）：_________________ 日期：____年__月__日乙方代表（签字）：_________________ 日期：____年__月__日。

组播发送和接收的流程组播（Multicast）技术是计算机网络中的一种关键技术，它可以让一个发送者同时向多个接收者发送数据，且不需要拆分不同数据包或者重新建立多次连接。

这种技术在网络直播、视频会议、在线教育、IP电话等应用场景中被广泛采用。

下面将对组播发送和接收的流程进行整体梳理，并详细描述每个环节的具体过程。

一、组播发送流程1. 创建组播组：发送者需要先创建一个组播组（Multicast group），这个组就是所有接收者的目的地，组播组的地址是组播地址，如224.0.0.1。

2. 发送数据：发送者发送数据的时候，将数据发送到该组地址（如224.0.0.1）。

数据可以是任何类型的数据，如音视频、文字、图片等等。

3. 选择发送接口：发送者需要选择一个合适的发送接口来发送数据包，这个接口可以是物理网卡、虚拟网卡，或者通过隧道协议发送。

4. 封装数据包：发送者需要将数据封装在数据包中，数据包包括IP头、UDP头和应用层数据，IP头中必须设置TTL字段，防止数据包永远在网络中循环。

5. 选择多播路由：发送者还需要选择一个合适的多播路由（Multicast Router）来推送数据包。

多播路由是一个专门负责多播转发的设备，它必须要支持多播协议（如IGMP），并且能够将数据包从一个接口转发到另一个接口。

6. 发送数据包：发送者将封装好的数据包发送到选择的多播路由。

7. 多播路由转发：多播路由负责转发该数据包到所有接收者。

当多播路由收到一个数据包后，它会根据组播IP地址找到相应的组播组，然后查找IGMP表，确定哪些接口有人加入该组播组，然后将数据包转发到这些接口上。

8. 接收端接收数据：最终，接收者从它们加入的组播组中接收数据。

二、组播接收流程1. 发送IGMP报文：接收者在加入一个组播组之前，需要先发送IGMP（Internet Group Management Protocol）报文，IGMP协议是一个使主机或路由器知晓多播组内成员的协议。

总述目录目录第1章资料获取方式..............................................................................................................1-11.1 随机光盘.............................................................................................................................1-11.2 华为网站.............................................................................................................................1-11.3 软件版本发布配套资料.......................................................................................................1-1第2章资料与版本的配套关系................................................................................................2-12.1 手册对应的软件版本..........................................................................................................2-12.2 配套资料清单.....................................................................................................................2-2第3章产品简介.....................................................................................................................3-13.1 引言....................................................................................................................................3-13.2 型号介绍.............................................................................................................................3-13.3 软件特性.............................................................................................................................3-2第4章组网应用.....................................................................................................................4-14.1 宽带小区以太网接入..........................................................................................................4-14.2 中小企业/大企业分支机构组网...........................................................................................4-14.3 大型的企业和园区网的组网................................................................................................4-2总述第1章资料获取方式第1章资料获取方式华为技术有限公司提供多种获取资料的途径，方便用户及时获得产品相关的资料和新增特性文档。

组播路由协议组播路由协议是用于支持组播传输的网络协议，它们允许网络中的多个主机共享相同的数据流。

组播路由协议通常用于视频会议、流媒体和在线游戏等应用中，能够有效地减少网络流量和提高数据传输效率。

在组播通信中，数据包只需在网络上传输一次，然后被路由器复制并发送到所有的接收者。

这种方式与单播和广播通信相比，能够显著减少网络带宽的占用，因此在大规模数据传输和多播会话中非常有用。

常见的组播路由协议包括IGMP（Internet Group Management Protocol）、PIM （Protocol Independent Multicast）和MSDP（Multicast Source Discovery Protocol）等。

IGMP协议用于主机和路由器之间的通信，以便路由器知道哪些主机对特定组播组感兴趣。

PIM协议则用于路由器之间的通信，以便它们能够有效地转发组播数据包。

而MSDP协议则用于在不同的组播域之间传递源信息。

IGMP协议是组播路由协议中最基本的一环，它允许主机向所在的局域网路由器表明自己对哪些组播组感兴趣。

一旦路由器收到主机的加入请求，它就会向其他路由器发送消息，以便它们也能够知道这个组播组的存在。

PIM协议则负责在不同的路由器之间传递组播数据包，确保它们能够有效地到达所有的接收者。

MSDP协议则用于在不同的组播域之间传递源信息，以便它们能够相互通信和传输数据。

在实际网络中，组播路由协议的选择和配置非常重要。

不同的协议有不同的特点和适用场景，需要根据网络的实际情况进行选择。

同时，正确的配置和管理也能够提高网络的性能和稳定性，减少网络故障和安全风险。

总的来说，组播路由协议在网络通信中起着非常重要的作用。

它们能够有效地减少网络流量，提高数据传输效率，同时也能够支持大规模的数据传输和多播会话。

因此，在构建和管理网络时，需要充分考虑组播路由协议的选择和配置，以便实现更高效、更稳定的网络通信。

python3通过udp实现组播数据的发送和接收操作本⽂主要通过对海康摄像头进⾏抓包，模拟发送了udp包，并抓取摄像头返回的数据包，解析并提取相关信息。

通过抓包发现，海康摄像头发送、接收数据使⽤udp协议，后来⽐较发现，使⽤python模拟起来⽐较简单。

由于摄像头内置了udp 协议的server端程序，本⽂主要使⽤python模拟客户端发送udp数据包。

客户端代码import socketimport reANY = "0.0.0.0"DES_IP = "239.255.255.250"PORT = 37020# xml_str = b'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Probe><Uuid>B2D5D4D2-808C-40F6-87CD-694C05C2B274</Uuid><Types>inquiry</Types></Probe> ' xml_str = b'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Probe><Uuid>CB09F608-E016-4EE8-869A-CA186852F12E</Uuid><Types>inquiry</Types></Probe> ' # 创建UDP sockets = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)# 允许端⼝复⽤s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)# 绑定监听多播数据包的端⼝s.bind((ANY, PORT))# 声明该socket为多播类型s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 255)# 加⼊多播组，组地址由第三个参数制定s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP,socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,socket.inet_aton(DES_IP) + socket.inet_aton(ANY))s.setblocking(False)s.sendto(xml_str, (DES_IP, PORT))while True:try:data, address = s.recvfrom(2048)except Exception as e:# print(e)passelse:print(address)# print(data)try:IPv4 = re.search(pile(r"<IPv4Address>(.*?)</IPv4Address>", re.S), str(data))[1]MAC = re.search(pile(r"<MAC>(.*?)</MAC>", re.S), str(data))[1]except TypeError:passelse:# print(data)print("IPv4: {}".format(IPv4))print("MAC: {}".format(MAC))代码主要使⽤了socket发送数据，使⽤re模块来处理和提取数据。

目录第1章 IGMP Snooping配置······················································1-11.1 IGMP Snooping介绍········································································1-11.2 IGMP Snooping配置任务·································································1-11.3 IGMP Snooping举例········································································1-31.4 IGMP Snooping排错帮助·································································1-5第2章组播VLAN配置·······························································2-12.1 组播VLAN介绍·················································································2-12.2 组播 VLAN配置任务········································································2-12.3 组播VLAN举例·················································································2-2第3章 IPv4组播协议·································································3-13.1 IPv4组播协议概述············································································3-13.1.1 组播简介·································································································3-13.1.2 组播地址·································································································3-13.1.3 IP组播报文转发·······················································································3-23.1.4 IP组播应用······························································································3-33.2 PIM-DM····························································································3-33.2.1 PIM-DM介绍···························································································3-33.2.2 PIM-DM配置任务序列·············································································3-43.2.3 PIM-DM典型案例····················································································3-53.2.4 PIM-DM排错帮助····················································································3-63.3 PIM-SM·····························································································3-63.3.1 PIM-SM介绍····························································································3-63.3.2 PIM-SM配置任务序列·············································································3-83.3.3 PIM-SM典型案例··················································································3-103.3.4 PIM-SM排错帮助··················································································3-123.4 DVMRP···························································································3-123.4.1 DVMRP介绍··························································································3-123.4.2 配置任务序列·······················································································3-133.4.3 DVMRP典型案例··················································································3-153.4.4 DVMRP排错帮助··················································································3-163.5 DCSCM··························································································3-163.5.1 DCSCM介绍·························································································3-163.5.2 DCSCM配置任务序列···········································································3-173.5.3 DCSCM典型案例··················································································3-193.5.4 DCSCM排错帮助··················································································3-203.6 IGMP······························································································3-203.6.1 IGMP介绍·····························································································3-203.6.2 配置任务序列·······················································································3-213.6.3 IGMP典型案例······················································································3-233.6.4 IGMP排错帮助······················································································3-24第4章 IPv6组播协议·································································4-14.1 PIM-DM6··························································································4-14.1.1 PIM-DM6介绍·························································································4-14.1.2 PIM-DM配置任务序列·············································································4-24.1.3 PIM-DM典型案例····················································································4-34.1.4 PIM-DM排错帮助····················································································4-44.2 PIM-SM6···························································································4-44.2.1 PIM-SM6介绍·························································································4-44.2.2 PIM-SM配置任务序列·············································································4-54.2.3 PIM-SM典型案例····················································································4-74.2.4 PIM-SM排错帮助····················································································4-9第1章 IGMP Snooping配置1.1 IGMP Snooping介绍IGMP（Internet Group Management Protocol）互联网组管理协议，用于实现IP的组播。

目录∙H3C S2126-EI以太网交换机命令手册-Release22XX系列(V1.00)∙01-命令行接口命令∙02-登录交换机命令∙03-配置文件管理命令∙04-VLAN命令∙05-配置管理VLAN命令∙06-IP地址-IP性能命令∙07-GVRP命令∙08-端口基本配置命令∙09-端口汇聚命令∙10-端口隔离命令∙11-端口安全命令∙12-MAC地址转发表管理命令∙13-MSTP命令∙14-组播协议命令∙15-802.1x及System-Guard命令∙16-AAA命令∙17-MAC地址认证命令∙18-ARP命令∙19-DHCP命令∙20-ACL命令∙21-QoS命令∙22-镜像命令∙23-Cluster命令∙24-SNMP-RMON命令∙25-NTP命令∙26-SSH命令∙27-文件系统管理命令∙28-FTP-SFTP-TFTP命令∙29-信息中心命令∙30-系统维护与调试命令∙31-VLAN-VPN命令∙32-HWPing命令∙33-IPv6管理命令∙34-LLDP命令∙35-域名解析命令∙36-PKI命令∙37-SSL命令∙38-HTTPS命令∙39-附录、H3C S2126-EI以太网交换机命令手册-Release22XX系列(V1.00)本章节下载(253.62 KB)15-802.1x及System-Guard命令目录1 802.1x配置命令1.1 802.1x配置命令1.1.1 display dot1x1.1.2 dot1x1.1.3 dot1x authentication-method1.1.4 dot1x dhcp-launch1.1.5 dot1x guest-vlan1.1.6 dot1x handshake1.1.7 dot1x handshake secure1.1.8 dot1x mandatory-domain1.1.9 dot1x max-user1.1.10 dot1x port-control1.1.11 dot1x port-method1.1.12 dot1x quiet-period1.1.13 dot1x retry1.1.14 dot1x retry-version-max1.1.15 dot1x re-authenticate1.1.16 dot1x supp-proxy-check1.1.17 dot1x timer1.1.18 dot1x timer reauth-period1.1.19 dot1x version-check1.1.20 reset dot1x statistics2 HABP配置命令2.1 HABP配置命令2.1.1 display habp2.1.2 display habp table2.1.3 display habp traffic2.1.4 habp enable2.1.5 habp server vlan2.1.6 habp timer3 system-guard配置命令3.1 system-guard配置命令3.1.1 display system-guard config 3.1.2 system-guard enable3.1.3 system-guard mode3.1.4 system-guard permit1 802.1x配置命令1.1 802.1x配置命令1.1.1 display dot1x【命令】display dot1x [ sessions | statistics ] [ interface interface-list ]【视图】任意视图【参数】sessions：显示802.1x的会话连接信息。

组播协议目录目录第1章 GMRP配置.................................................................................................................1-11.1 GMRP协议简介.................................................................................................................1-11.2 GMRP配置........................................................................................................................1-11.2.1 开启/关闭全局GMRP..............................................................................................1-11.2.2 开启/关闭端口GMRP..............................................................................................1-11.3 GMRP的显示和调试..........................................................................................................1-21.4 GMRP典型配置举例..........................................................................................................1-2第2章 IGMP Snooping配置...................................................................................................2-12.1 IGMP Snooping协议简介..................................................................................................2-12.1.1 IGMP Snooping原理...............................................................................................2-12.1.2 IGMP Snooping的实现...........................................................................................2-22.2 IGMP Snooping配置.........................................................................................................2-42.2.1 启动/关闭IGMP Snooping.......................................................................................2-42.2.2 配置路由器端口老化时间.........................................................................................2-52.2.3 配置最大响应查询时间............................................................................................2-52.2.4 配置组播组成员端口老化时间.................................................................................2-52.2.5 使能将端口从组播组中快速删除功能.......................................................................2-62.2.6 限制端口上允许通过的组播组数量..........................................................................2-62.2.7 配置IGMP Snooping Filter过滤规则......................................................................2-72.3 IGMP Snooping的显示和调试...........................................................................................2-72.4 IGMP Snooping典型配置举例...........................................................................................2-82.4.1 启动IGMP Snooping...............................................................................................2-82.5 IGMP Snooping故障诊断与排错.......................................................................................2-9第3章未知组播丢弃特性配置................................................................................................3-13.1 未知组播丢弃特性配置简介................................................................................................3-13.2 未知组播丢弃特性配置.......................................................................................................3-13.2.1 启动未知组播报文丢弃特性.....................................................................................3-1第1章 GMRP配置1.1 GMRP协议简介GMRP（GARP Multicast Registration Protocol）是基于GARP的一个组播注册协议，用于维护交换机中的动态组播注册信息。

常用组播路由协议配置方法IGMP协议配置IGMP基本设置配置路由器加入到一个组播组：Router(config-if)# ip igmp join-group 225.2.2.2控制某个接口下主机能够加入的组播组ip igmp access-group access-list【例如】Router(config)# access-list 1 225.2.2.2 .0Router(config)# interface ethernet 0Router(config-if)ip igmp access-group 1ACL可以同时对组播报文的源和目的地址控制，达到过滤组播源，同时也能过滤特定接收主机的作用，例如：Deny all state for a group Gdeny igmp any host Gpermit igmp any anyDeny all state for a source Sdeny igmp host S anypermit igmp any anyPermit all state for a group Gpermit igmp any host GPermit all state for a source Spermit igmp host S anyFilter a particular source for a group Gdeny igmp host S host Gpermit igmp any host GIGMP版本切换Router(config-if)# ip igmp version{2|3}IGMP查询间隔时间：默认60sRouter(config-if)# ip igmp query-interval 120 IGMP查询超时时间：默认为2倍的查询间隔时间Router(config-if)# ip igmp query-timeout 30IGMP查询最大响应时间：默认为10sRouter(config-if)# ip igmp query-max-response-time 8IGMP Proxy如图2，当C收到组播请求后，发送一条PIM-SM join的消息给B，Ｂ发送一个IGMP的请求到A，A通过一条单播链路将数据传送到B，这个过程就需要一个IGMP的代理，配置如下：图2【例如】Router A Configurationip address .1 255.255.255.0ip pim dense-mode!interface ethernet 1ip address .1 255.255.255.0ip pim dense-modeip igmp unidirectional link!interface ethernet 2ip address .1 255.255.255.0Router B Configurationip pim rp-address .1 5access-list 5 permit 239.0.0.0 0.255.255.255.255 !ip address .1 255.255.255.0ip pim dense-modeip igmp helper-address udl ethernet 0 ip igmp proxy-service!interface ethernet 0ip address .2 255.255.255.0ip pim dense-modeip igmp unidirectional link!interface ethernet 1ip address .1 255.255.255.0ip pim sparse-modeip igmp mroute-proxy loopback 0!ip address .1 255.255.255.0Router C Configurationip pim rp-address .1 5access-list 5 permit 239.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 !interface ethernet 0ip address .1 255.255.255.0ip pim sparse-mode!interface ethernet 1ip address .1 255.255.255.0ip pim sparse-modeIGMP Snooping开启IGMP轮询Router(config)#ip igmp snoopingIGMP Snooping调整在单个vlanxx启用Snooping：ip igmp snooping vlanIGMP Snooping快速离开ip igmp snooping vlan immediate-leaveThe following example shows how to enable IGMP Immediate-Leave processing on VLAN 1:Router(config)# ip igmp snooping vlan 1 immediate-leave IGMP Snooping参考多播路由ip igmp snooping vlan mrouterTo add a multicast router port and to configure the multicast router learning method, use the ipigmp snooping vlan mrouter command in globalconfiguration mode.ip igmp snooping vlan vlan-id mrouter {interface interface-id | learn pim-dvmrp}【例如】Switch# configure terminalSwitch(config)# ip igmp snooping vlan 200 mrouter interfacegigabitethernet1/0/2Switch(config)# end基于静态地址的IGMP Snoopingip igmp snooping vlan vlan-id static mac-address interface interface-id【例如】Switch# configure terminalSwitch(config)# ip igmp snooping vlan 105 static 01－00－5e－23－33－12 interfacegigabitethernet1/0/1Switch(config)# end监控调试IGMPshow ip igmp groupsshow ip igmp interface显示内容：（1）IGMP和CGMP在接口下是否启用。

目录第1章IPv4组播协议 (1)1.1 IPv4组播协议概述 (1)1.1.1 组播简介 (1)1.1.2 组播地址 (1)1.1.3 IP组播报文转发 (3)1.1.4 IP组播应用 (3)1.2 PIM-DM (3)1.2.1 PIM-DM介绍 (3)1.2.2 PIM-DM配置任务序列 (4)1.2.3 PIM-DM典型案例 (6)1.2.4 PIM-DM排错帮助 (7)1.3 PIM-SM (8)1.3.1 PIM-SM介绍 (8)1.3.2 PIM-SM配置任务序列 (9)1.3.3 PIM-SM典型案例 (12)1.3.4 PIM-SM排错帮助 (15)1.4 MSDP配置 (15)1.4.1 MSDP介绍 (15)1.4.2 MSDP配置任务简介 (16)1.4.3 配置MSDP基本功能 (17)1.4.4 配置MSDP对等体 (18)1.4.5 配置报文收发 (18)1.4.6 配置SA-cache参数 (19)1.4.7 MSDP举例 (20)1.4.8 MSDP排错帮助 (26)1.5 ANYCAST RP配置 (26)1.5.1 ANYCAST RP介绍 (26)1.5.2 ANYCAST RP配置任务 (27)1.5.3 ANYCAST RP典型案例 (29)1.5.4 ANYCAST RP排错帮助 (30)1.6 PIM-SSM (31)版权所有©2009，迈普通信技术股份有限公司，保留所有权利11.6.1 PIM-SSM 介绍 (31)1.6.2 PIM-SSM 配置任务序列 (31)1.6.3 PIM-SSM 典型案例 (31)1.6.4 PIM-SSM 排错帮助 (34)1.7 DVMRP (34)1.7.1 DVMRP介绍 (34)1.7.2 配置任务序列 (35)1.7.3 DVMRP典型案例 (37)1.7.4 DVMRP排错帮助 (38)1.8 DCSCM (38)1.8.1 DCSCM介绍 (38)1.8.2 DCSCM配置任务序列 (39)1.8.3 DCSCM典型案例 (41)1.8.4 DCSCM排错帮助 (42)1.9 IGMP (42)1.9.1 IGMP介绍 (42)1.9.2 配置任务序列 (44)1.9.3 IGMP典型案例 (46)1.9.4 IGMP排错帮助 (47)1.10 IGMP Snooping配置 (47)1.10.1 IGMP Snooping介绍 (47)1.10.2 IGMP Snooping配置任务 (47)1.10.3 IGMP Snooping典型案例 (49)1.10.4 IGMP Snooping排错帮助 (52)1.11 IGMP Proxy配置 (53)1.11.1 IGMP Proxy介绍 (53)1.11.2 IGMP Proxy配置任务 (53)1.11.3 IGMP Proxy举例 (54)1.11.4 IGMP Proxy排错帮助 (57)第2章IPv6组播协议 (58)2.1 PIM-DM6 (58)2.1.1 PIM-DM6介绍 (58)2.1.2 PIM-DM6配置任务序列 (59)2.1.3 PIM-DM6典型案例 (61)版权所有©2009，迈普通信技术股份有限公司，保留所有权利12.1.4 PIM-DM6排错帮助 (62)2.2 PIM-SM6 (62)2.2.1 PIM-SM6介绍 (62)2.2.2 PIM-SM6配置任务序列 (64)2.2.3 PIM-SM6典型案例 (67)2.2.4 PIM-SM6排错帮助 (70)2.3 ANYCAST RP v6配置 (70)2.3.1 ANYCAST RP v6介绍 (70)2.3.2 ANYCAST RP v6配置任务 (71)2.3.3 ANYCAST RP v6典型案例 (73)2.3.4 ANYCAST RP v6排错帮助 (74)2.4 PIM-SSM6 (75)2.4.1 PIM-SSM6 介绍 (75)2.4.2 PIM-SSM6 配置任务序列 (75)2.4.3 PIM-SSM6 典型案例 (75)2.4.4 PIM-SSM6 排错帮助 (78)2.5 IPv6 DCSCM (78)2.5.1 IPv6 DCSCM介绍 (78)2.5.2 IPv6 DCSCM配置任务序列 (79)2.5.3 IPv6 DCSCM典型案例 (81)2.5.4 IPv6 DCSCM排错帮助 (82)2.6 MLD Snooping (82)2.6.1 MLD Snooping介绍 (82)2.6.2 MLD Snooping配置任务 (82)2.6.3 MLD Snooping典型案例 (84)2.6.4 MLD Snooping排错帮助 (87)第3章组播VLAN配置 (88)3.1 组播VLAN介绍 (88)3.2 组播VLAN配置任务 (88)3.3 组播VLAN举例 (89)版权所有©2009，迈普通信技术股份有限公司，保留所有权利1第1章IPv4组播协议1.1 IPv4组播协议概述本章对IPv4组播协议的配置进行介绍，本章所有的IP都是指IPv4。