被动语态讲解__公开课

被动语态练习题

一．选择填空

1. In some countries, tea ______ with milk and sugar.

A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served

2. Great changes _____ in my hometown since 1980.

A. have been taken place B. took place

C. have taken place D. were taken place

3. The new type of car is going to ______ in three years.

A. turn out B. be turned out

C. has turned out D. have been turned out

4. The woman murdered her friend and ______ to ______.

A. was sentenced, death B. sentencing, die

C. sentenced, death D. sentenced, die

5. －Do you like the skirt ?

－It _______ soft.

A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt

6. Are you still here? You were here an hour ago. Who ________ for?

高中英语被动语态总结

一、被动语态的构成形式

1. 被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时

2） has /have been done 现在完成时

3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时

4） was/were done 一般过去时

5） had been done 过去完成时

6） was/were being done 过去进行时

7） shall/will be done 一般将来时

8） should/would be done 过去将来时

9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）

10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）

2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.

2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for

his birthday.

3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

被动语态讲义及练习 共8页，第1页 被动语态讲义及练习

语法点拨

一、被动语态概述

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如：

They didn’t offer Ann the job. （主动语态）

Ann wasn’t offered the job. （被动语态） 安没得到这份工作。

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种形式

1). 一般现在时的被动语态：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词

Our classroom is cleaned everyday.

2). 一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

A new shop was built last year.

3). 现在完成时的被动语态：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词

This book has been translated into many languages.

4). 过去完成时的被动语态: had been +及物动词的过去分词

The dish had been eaten up when I got there.

5). 一般将来时的被动语态：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

A new hospital will be built in our city.

6). 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

被动语态

语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。

一．被动语态的时态：

1.一般现在时的被动语态： am /is/ are +动词的过去分词

2.一般过去时的被动语态： was /were +动词的过去分词

3.一般将来时的被动语态： will be +动词的过去分词

4.现在进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词

5.现在完成时的被动语态： have /has +been +动词的过去分词

6.情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词

二．被动语态的基本用法:

(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时

The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the

world

English is widely spoken in the world now.

(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时

Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .

The problem is dealt with now . (3) 当说话人需要强调客观时

It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .

三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：

口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

语态转换不被动语态的步骤

1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语

2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。

3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。)以指明做事的人或物,如果没有必要,可以省略。