高考英语 考点一遍过 考点1 冠词(含解析)

高考英语冠词必考知识点及经典解析冠词几乎是每年高考英语试题中的必考知识点，所以正确掌握冠词的用法非常重要，今天小编就和大家讲讲冠词的用法，希望你们可以熟练掌握~冠词的概念：冠词是置于名词前并限定名词意义的虚词。

英语中的冠词只有定冠词和不定冠词两种，其中定冠词只有the 这一种形式，不定冠词只有a和an这两种形式。

名词前若不用冠词时，又称作零冠词。

不定冠词之所以冠以“不定”两字，就是因为它的主要特点就是“不确定”或“泛指”；定冠词之所以冠以“定”字，就是因为它的主要特点是“确指”或“特指”。

a 与an 的用法区别1.基本区别：原则上说，a用于辅音前；an用于元音前。

辅音前用a的例子如: a book, a student, a school, a house,a magazine 等；元音前用an的例子如: an egg, an apple, an object, an idea, an ugly thing 等。

2.易错说明：hour, honest, honor 等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用an。

反过来，有些单词虽然以元音字母开头，但其读音却以辅音开头，那么它们的前面应用a而不是an，这些词常见的有useful, university, usual, European, united, one-eyed, one-way 等。

此外，对于数字、字母以及由单词首字母构成的缩略词，其前到底是用a还是an，也需根据读音来确定，如下：He has an 11-year-old daughter.Our daughter sent us an SOS for some more money.冠词在句中的位置1. 通常位置：一般说来冠词放在单数可数名词之前(如a man / the man)，如果名词有其他定语，不定冠词应放在定语之前(如a good man / the good man)。

2021高中英语语法考点一遍过第1辑冠词名词代词形容词和副词介词和介词短语专题三代词◆代词的考查要点代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词。

大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。

考点一人称代词1.人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下四种情形：①作主语的人称代词假如孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。

—Susan，go and join your sister cleaning the yard.—Why me？John is sitting there doing nothing.②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一样要保持前后一致。

The thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格，故用he替代)They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她。

(me是宾格，故用her替代)③作表语的人称代词一样用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。

I met her in th e hospital.→It was her who I met in the hospital.④在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都能够。

如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别：I like Jack as much as her.＝I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.＝I like Jack and she likes him，too.2.两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：在并列主语中，＂I＂总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一(人称)。

宾格me也一样。

You，she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.考点二物主代词1.注意名词性和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。

冠词的高考知识点总结一、冠词的基本概念冠词是一类用于限定名词范围的词类。

在英语中，冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词。

1. 定冠词定冠词有两个形式：the（指特指）和that/this（指近指）。

定冠词的用法如下：a）指特指：特指用的the, 没有实际的数量，如：the book（那本书）.b）指近指：这/那、这些/那些，如：this boy（这个男孩），these girls（这些女孩）.2. 不定冠词不定冠词有两个形式：a和an, 后面接单数名词，相当于中文里的“一个、一”，如：a car （一辆车）.二、冠词的使用规则1. 使用定冠词thea）用于特指单数或复数名词：the boy（那个男孩），the dogs（那些狗）.b）用于特指集体名词：the music（那些音乐）.c）用于特指某类事物：the moon（那个月亮）.d）用于特指人或物的性别、国籍、政党或政见，独一无二的自然现象名词前：the first man on the moon（登上月球的第一个人）.2. 使用不定冠词a/ana）用于泛指单数可数名词：a book（一本书）.b）用于泛指某一类事物、职业、国籍等：a cow（一头牛）.三、冠词的特殊用法1. 不使用冠词的情况a）专有名词前通常不加冠词：London（伦敦）.b）表示泛指时通常不加冠词：birds fly south in winter（鸟类在冬天往南飞）c）数量词或数词/百分数+名词时，也不加冠词：ten years（十年）.2. 冠词的连用a）形容词性物主代词+冠词+名词：my sister's the book（我姐姐的那本书）.b）数词+冠词+名词：two the boys（那两个男孩）.3. 冠词和其他介词的连用a）表示特指的地点名词前通常不用冠词：in China, in class.b）不定冠词与表示运动方向的词连用：take a walk, have a look.四、高考常见考点1. 冠词的选择在高考中，经常会涉及到冠词的选择，例如考生需要根据上下文的语境来决定使用不定冠词还是定冠词，这就需要考生对冠词的用法有相当的敏感度。

语法专题（附参考答案）专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。

下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。

1. in front of 在……（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在……（内）的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天；日间 ; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生；举行 ; take the place 代替；接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言语 ; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时；不时 ; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you sti ll have a little time.9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.10.a most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.12.A number of 许多；好些; the number of …（的）数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in thefilm we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard. --- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was_______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities toprevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellentfootballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案：I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the6 the; a7 an8 the9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a 12 the 13 the 14 the15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23a 24 The 25 the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9a 10. the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。

考点01 冠词【命题解读】冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。

但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。

尤其在书面表达中，冠词的正确使用能为文章增色，而冠词的误用甚至少用是常见的低级错误，成为考生的一大失分点。

故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点和难点。

【命题预测】预计2021年的高考仍然会以考查冠词的基本用法和习惯搭配为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。

【复习建议】复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1.单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2.复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3.无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。

考向一不定冠词1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。

a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。

In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing.在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。

这是一件平常之事。

An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。

2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。

The ＂Chinese Dream＂is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。

语法专题（附参考答案）专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。

下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词零冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。

1. in front of 在……（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在……（内）的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天；日间 ; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生；举行 ; take the place 代替；接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.6. in words 用言语 ; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时；不时 ; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you still have a littl e time.9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.number of 许多；好些; the number of …（的）数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”., could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in thefilm we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard. --- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was_______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities toprevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellentfootballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tinybush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案：I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the6 the; a7 an8 the9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a 12 the 13 the 14the 15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23 a 24 The 25 the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the9 a 10. the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。

语法专题（附参考答案）专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。

下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词4.零冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。

1. in front of 在……（外）的前面; in the front of 在……（内）的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天；日间; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生；举行; take the place 代替；接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.6. in words 用言语; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时；不时; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少；不多的; a little 一些；一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you sti ll have a little time.9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.10.a most interesting 非常有趣的; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.12.A number of 许多；好些; the number of …（的）数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in thefilm we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard.--- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father'sadvice was_______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities toprevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellentfootballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案：I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the 6 the; a7 an 8 the 9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a 12 the 13 the 14 the 15 the 16a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23 a 24 The 25the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9 a 10.the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。

高考英语一轮复习+考点01冠词【命题解读】冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。

但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。

在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及冠词的运用。

故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点。

【命题预测】预计2020年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。

【复习建议】复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1. 单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2. 复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3. 无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。

考向一不定冠词1. 不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。

a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。

In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。

这是一件平常之事。

An hour ago, an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。

2. 不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。

The ＂Chinese Dream＂is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。

专题01 高考英语考点精讲-冠词（完整）一、冠词的定义冠词是虚词，没有词义，不可独立使用，放在名词前起限制作用，包括定冠词the，不定冠词a/an，和零冠词（即名词前什么也不加）。

二、冠词的作用1. 表特指the + 单数名词/复数名词/不可数名词2. 表泛指①a/an + 单数名词A horse is enough.（表示数量）A horse is a large four-legged animal.（强调该类别中任何一个的特点）②the + 单数名词I think the most useful animal is the horse.（强调整个类别）③零冠词+复数名词/不可数名词Horses are useful animals.（强调类别中的许多个体）三、冠词的用法1. 不定冠词（a/an）表示one, the same,或every one的意思。

They are of an age. (= the same) 他们年龄相同。

I will return in a day or two. (= one) 我一两天后就回来了。

He went home three times a week. (= every) 他每周回家三次。

2. 定冠词（the）①特指双方都知道或上文中提到的人或物。

The book on the desk is mine. 桌上那本书是我的。

②用在形容词前，表示一类人或物。

The old, the young, the rich, the poor.③在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二人。

I paid a visit to the Greens last week.④用在方位名词、西洋乐器名词和宇宙中独一无二的事情前。

The east东部play the piano 弹钢琴the moon 月亮⑤用在年代朝代及逢十的数次（表示年代）前。

The Tang Dynasty In the 1990s⑥用于固定结构“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位”Take sb. By the arm 抓住某人的胳膊An apple fell down and hit him on the head.⑦用在表示度量单位的名词前，表示“每一”。

2021高中英语语法考点一遍过第1辑冠词名词代词形容词和副词介词和介词短语专题五介词和介词短语考点一介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at,below, beyond, during, in, on等等。

合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, up to, dueto, owing to, thanks to等等。

双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, till after,in between等等。

分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就……而论), including，regarding，concerning等。

兼类介词由形容词直截了当转化而来like, unlike, near, next, opposite等等。

考点二介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。

介词短语的功能例句作定语They didn’t find the solution to the problem.作状语We have breakfast at seven.（表时刻）They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.（表缘故）考点三常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。

但依照近年来高考命题的情形来看，考生需要把握以下内容。

1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别2.常见同一形容词与不同介词搭配时意义上的差别3．容易混淆的含有介词固定搭配的词组题组一1.（2021·天津）The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.A. out of controlB. out of dateC. out of sightD. out of reach2.（2021·浙江）That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he’s reliable.A. Or elseB. In shortC. By the wayD. For one thing3.（2021·浙江）The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.A. onB. inC. atD. about4.（2020·重庆）Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature0.68 ℃____ the average.A. belowB. onC. atD. above5.（2020·浙江）Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?A. aboutB. toC. withD. over6.（2020·浙江）These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.A. in memory ofB. in response toC. in touch withD. in possession of7.（2020·浙江）10. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work.A. As a resultB. In additionC. By contrastD. In conclusion8.（2020·福建）A common memory they all have_______ their school days is the school uniform.A. ofB. onC. toD. with9.（2020·福建）Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.A. in view ofB. in need ofC.in touch withD. in harmony with10.（2020·江苏）Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison.A. thanks toB. regardless ofC. aside fromD. but for题组二1.This experience teaches me a lesson: Never judge a person simply ________ the first impression.A.in the form ofB.with the help ofC.on the basis ofD.in case of2.It was quite________me why people preferred to go to the island on such a cold night.A.againstB.overC.beyondD.above3. ________ our disagreements, we have been able to find some common ground.A.BeyondB.ForC.DespiteD.By4.Sometimes it’s tough to get off the couch and go for a run. With so many digital devices at your fingertips, how can you possibly keep________?A.in turnB.in shapeC.in returnD.in charge5.I feel that one of my main duties ________a teacher is to help the students to become better learners.A.forB.likeC.asD.with6.My father with his students got to the station early, ________missing his train.A.regardless ofB.instead ofC.for fear ofD.in search ofdy Gaga has been struck________the head by a pole while performing a concert________New Zealand, which is part of a world tour.A.in; onB.in; atC.with; atD.on; in8.Don’t be too hard on him. ________, it is the first time that he has made sucha mistake.A.After allB.In allC.Above allD.At all9.The speech by the mayor of London before the final voting for the 2020 Summer Olympic Games was strongly impressed ________my memory.A.toB.overC.byD.on10.People tend to think someone is intelligent only________ his IQ rather than EQ.A.in favor ofB.in honor ofC.in search ofD.in terms of题组一1.B 【解析】句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，专门多单词被增加到那个语言中。