美国政治制度ppt

America Politics
Weixiao Dec.16, 2015
American Politics
one out of many 合众为一 American Eagle --National Emblem
self-protection
the pursuit of peace and prosperity
power
qualification
Smaller
25 year old American citizen
bigger
30 year old American citizen
Leadership and committees in congress ( senate)
Vice president
President pro tempore
V.
Political Parties
I. The Constitution and Federalism
1. Articles of Confederation 联邦条款 2. Constitution of the United States美利坚合众国 宪法 3. Bill of Rights人权法案 4. Federalism联邦制 5. Checks and Balances 政府机关彼此之间的相互制衡
foundation for politics in the U.S. adopted by the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚, and later ratified（被批准） by conventions in each state
• The Articles were
replaced by the US
Constitution on
June 21, 1788.
I. The Constitution and Federalism
2. Constitution of the United States美国宪法
the supreme law of the United States and the
• Each new state had its own government and was organized
very much like an independent
nation
• Congress, a weak central
government stipulated by Articles of Confederation国会， 一个由联邦政府规定的力量弱 小的中央政府, failed to govern
Contents
I. The Constitution and Federalism 宪法和联邦制
II.
III. IV.
The Executive Branch of the Federal Government 联邦 政府的行政部门
The Legislative Branch of the Federal government联邦 政府的立法部门 The Judicial Branch of the Federal Government
• drafted in June 1776, proposed to the States for ratification in
1777, and completed in 1781起草于六月1776，向美国提出 的1777个批准，并完成了1781
• failed and was replaced by the US Constitution in 1788失败了，
临时主席
Other member
Leadership and committees in congress (house of representatives)
The speaker
The majority leader
Other member
I. The Constitution and Federalism 1. Articles of Confederation联邦条款
• The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union --- the first
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
constitution-like official document联邦和永久联盟的章程--第一部宪法，如官方文件
The membership and powers of congress
Number of people Serves year
leader
House of senate representativ es 435 100
2 year The speaker 6 year Vice president
Objectives
By being exposed to facts and reviews of American politics in this unit, students are supposed to have an overall understanding of: 1. the birth and perfection of the U.S. Constitution; 2. a political system featured by a written constitution and federalism; 3. the three branches of the federal government; 4. party politics in the U.S..
the states in a good way.
• The Article of Confederation failed because the states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other.
• The Congress asked each state to send delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia to discuss the changes which would be necessary to strengthen the Articles of Confederation.
•
One fear was that one person or group, including the majority, might become too powerful or be able to seize control of the country and create a tyranny. To guard against this possibility, the delegates set up a government consisting of three parts, or branches, the executive, the legislative and the judicial. Each branch has powers that the others do not have and each branch has a way of counteracting and limiting any wrongful action by another branch.
• Another fear was that the new central government might weaken or take away the power of the state governments to run their own affairs. To deal with this the Constitution specified exactly what power the central government had and which power was reserved for the states. The states were allowed to run their own governments as they wished, provided that their governments were republican.
被美国宪法所取代1788
• The former 13 British colonies became 13 states of the new nation. • They were not very clear about the future political system of the United States and about the relationships between the states and the government of the new nation. • A document drafted to make them like a one country
◆ In writing the Constitution, the delegates had to
deal with two main fears shared by most Americans.
"Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.” - Lord Acton (1834-1902), English Catholic historian, politician, and writer
• For Fear 1: one person or group, including the majority, might become to powerful or be able to seize control of the country and create a tyranny.