2016年3月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷及答案

2015年3月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING TEST 2. READING TEST 3. TRANSLATION TEST 4. LISTENING TEST 5. READING TEST 6. TRANSLATION TESTSECTION 1 LISTENING TESTPart A Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.听力原文：Global warming? You may accept or reject those who say it is a dangerous phenomenon. Hut if the planet is warming, and humanity is contributing to it, shouldn’t someone be thinking about solutions? If the Earth is, in fact, engaged in a long-term warming cycle? And if humanity is partly responsible—can it be reversed? Possible solutions to global warming range from the simple to the complex, from changing a light bulb to engineering giant reflectors in space. The most talked about solutions involve expanded use of alternative energy technologies, and less reliance on fossil fuels. V olcanoes, forest fires, ocean and atmospheric variability are natural occurrences that change climate conditions. Might nature correct the warming trend itself? Climate scientists say that it seems very unlikely. Science doesn’t give us certainties. Science gives us likelihood. We think that it’s likely that climate warming of the last few decades isn’t due to the usual causes such as changes in the Earth’s orbit, changes in the sun, volcanoes, but it’s due primarily to humans adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. John Topping of the nonprofit Climate Institute says it will be private industry, not governments, coming up with solutions. He argues that we need to get investment flows going in the direction of emerging clean energy technologies and part of that’s going to happen because we, as consumers, step forward and we are conscious in our buying habits to get more energy-efficient products. Higher gas prices are making fuel-efficient vehicles more attractive to consumers. Building and home constructions are becoming more energy efficient. Climate change is a huge challenge. But climate change also provides an opportunity for countries to really further themselves, and the only way to advance much globally, is to look at approaches that protect the environment at the same time that they promote equitable economic growth. Wider application of renewable energy resources could reduce greenhouse gases and offset global warming. Some scientists are suggesting grander solutions, involving rearranging Earth’s environment: building huge sunshades in space, for example, tinkering with clouds to make them reflect more sunlight, perhaps tricking oceans into soaking up more heat trapping gases.Global warming? You may accept or reject those who say it is a dangerous phenomenon. But if the planet is warming, and humanity is contributing to it, shouldn’t someone be【C1】______? If the Earth is, in fact, engaged in a long-term warming cycle? And if humanity is partly responsible —【C2】______? Possible solutions to global warming range from the simple to the complex, from changing 【C3】______to engineering giant reflectors in space. The most talked about solutions involve expanded use of【C4】______, and less reliance on fossil fuels. V olcanoes, forest fires, ocean and atmospheric variability are 【C5】______that change climate conditions. Might nature correct the warming trend itself? Climate scientists say that it seems very unlikely. 【C6】______. Science gives us likelihood. We think that it’s likely that【C7】______of the last few decades isn’t due to the usual causes such as changes【C8】______, changes in the sun, volcanoes, but it’s due primarily to humans 【C9】______. John Topping of the nonprofit Climate Institute says it will be 【C10】______, not governments, coming up with solutions. He argues that we need to【C11】______in the direction of emerging clean energy technologies and part of that’s going to happen because we, as consumers, step forward and we are conscious 【C12】______to get more energy-efficient products. Higher gas prices are making 【C13】______more attractive to consumers. Building and home constructions are becoming more energy efficient. Climate change is【C14】______. But climate change also provides an opportunity for countries【C15】______, and the only way to advance much globally, is to look at approaches that protect the environment at the same time that they【C16】______. Wider application of renewable energy resources could reduce greenhouse gases and【C17】______. Some scientists are suggesting grander solutions, involving【C18】______: building huge sunshades in space, for example, tinkering with clouds to make them 【C19】______, perhaps tricking oceans into soaking up 【C20】______.1．【C1】正确答案：thinking about solutions2．【C2】正确答案：can it be reversed3．【C3】正确答案：a light bulb4．【C4】正确答案：alternative energy technologies正确答案：natural occurrences6．【C6】正确答案：Science doesn’t give us certainties. 7．【C7】正确答案：climate warming8．【C8】正确答案：in the Earth’s orbit9．【C9】正确答案：adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere 10．【C10】正确答案：private industry11．【C11】正确答案：get investment flows going12．【C12】正确答案：in our buying habits13．【C13】正确答案：fuel-efficient vehicles14．【C14】正确答案：a huge challenge15．【C15】正确答案：to really further themselves正确答案：promote equitable economic growth17．【C17】正确答案：offset global warming18．【C18】正确答案：rearranging Earth’s environment19．【C19】正确答案：reflect more sunlight20．【C20】正确答案：more heat-trapping gasesPart B Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.听力原文：M: So, Rachel, how did you finally quit?W: Well, I had a friend who had had a three-pack-a-day habit. And he told me about this woman who hypnotized him, and he quit, and there was no pain at all! And so I just decided to give it a try. And it really worked! M: Great! W: Yeah, it worked for me. I had four treatments, and by the end of the fourth treatment, I had completely lost the urge to smoke. M: Why do you think this method finally worked for you after you’d tried so many times to quit?W: I think, you know, all the other times that I’d tried to quit there had been a part of me that wanted to keep smoking, you know? And I just had to reach the point where I was just ready. M: Um-huh. Now, your son. How old is he now? W: He’s twelve.M: How does he feel about cigarettes? W: He hated it when I smoked, he hated the smell, he was afraid for my health. He used to put messages in my cigarette pack in my pocket saying, “Quit smoking, Mom,” so that when I’d smoke I’d find them. M: Yeah?W: So he was really happy when 1 stopped smoking.M: And how do you feel physically? How did you feel after you quit smoking? W: The big thing I noticed, and I have a friend who quit at the same time and she noticed it too, is I just had so much more energy. M: Huh. W: And the second thing I noticed was smells. My sense of smell came back and I really liked being able to smell things again. M: Did food tastebetter? W: Oh, food tasted much better! Yeah. M: Anything else you wanna add? W : Um, the money! M. Ah! W: Uh, cigarettes are really expensive. When I quit, I calculated exactly how much it would cost to smoke for a year, at that time I was spending $ 4. 50 a pack, and when I quit, I put the money in a savings account. And at the end of one year, I went out and bought myself and my son mountain bikes to celebrate our anniversary. M: That’s great. W: And I’ve just kept doing that for three years, and every year I use the money for something healthy to make our lives more fun.(405 words)Question No. 1 What are the two speakers talking about?Question No.2 How many treatments did Rachel have to achieve her purpose?Question No.3 What kind of treatment helped Rachel quit smoking?Question No.4 Which of the following statements is probably TRUE with Rachel?Question No.5 For how many years has Rachel stayed off cigarettes?21．A．Quitting drinking.B．Treating drug addiction.C．Getting rid of smoking.D．Hypnotizing for medical purposes.正确答案：C22．A．Four.B．Five.C．Six.D．Unknown.正确答案：A23．A．Acupuncture.B．Hypnotization.C．Psychotherapy.D．Physiotherapy.正确答案：B24．A．She lives with her husband and two daughters.B．She has been married for just a couple of years.C．She’s a full-time housewife with no kids.D．She’s a single mother with a 12-year-old son.正确答案：D25．A．Three.B．Two.C．One.D．Half a year.正确答案：A听力原文：Berlin, Germany—Germany’s economic growth in the past year was largely driven by overseas trade, according to official statistics. The German economy grew by 0. 4% in the past year compared with the previous year, the German statistics agency said, confirming its earlier estimate. Foreign trade drove the increase, accounting for 1. 1 percentage points of the rise in gross domestic product. However, weak domestic demand cut 0. 7 percentage points from the figure. The balance of exports and imports was the “key economic engine in the period”, the statistics office said. Despite the weak domestic demand at the end of last year, economists said they now expected it to pick up. High job security and rising incomes as well as very low inflation have been boosting consumer confidence to record highs lately and should translate into stronger household spending growth in 2014. New York, The United States—Twitter’s share price had more than doubled in value since the company was floated on the stock market in November, when it was valued at around 18 billion dollars, said in a statement recently released by the company. Twitter pledged to continue to improve its services to advertisers in the hope of growing revenues further. Twitter brings in money largely by selling advertising space and data on tweeting habits. More than 90% of its revenues last year came from advertising, where advertisers pay to have their tweets promoted and appear in users’feeds. Three-quarters of advertising income comes from mobile platforms like smart-phones, the company said. Canberra, Australia—Toyota Motor Corp issued a statement on Monday saying it would stop making cars and engines in Australia by the end of 2017, marking the end of an era for a once-vibrant auto production base and the loss of thousands of direct and indirect jobs.Toyota’s decision follows the planned exits of General Motors and Ford Motor announced last year and would leave no global automaker remaining in Australia as high costs and a strong currency make it an unattractive production base. About 2,500 jobs will be affected when the plant stops building cars in 2017, the company said. Rome, Italy —Italian unemployment is more than twice the average rate in the euro-zone. The number of people out of work in the single currency bloc in December was 19 million, with the jobless rate at 12%, according to official EU figures. Other economic figures such as retail sales, manufacturing activity and construction, have pointed to signs that Italy’s recession has bottomed out. However, Italy’s unemployment rate is expected to rise further in the first three months of 2014 as firms continue to restructure and cut jobs. “As expected, the labor market showed a lagging reaction to other positive signs in the economy,” said some economists at National Bank in Rome. With 1. 38 million people officially jobless, turning around the country’s economywill take time, even if the recovery does start this year as Rome hopes. Washington, The United States—The woman accused of killing six people in a horrific crash in California was spotted driving the wrong way on two freeways before she drove her BMW at 100mph into a Ford Explorer, the California Highway Patrol says. At least 17 witnesses called 911 before the crash to report seeing the vehicle on the 57 and 60 freeways early Sunday morning, reports the Los Angeles Times. The driver, 21-year-old Olivia Brown, is still in hospital and has been charged with six counts of murder. She has a previous drunk driving conviction and was on a “girls’ night out”when the deadly crash occurred. Her two passengers, one of them her sister, were killed along with all four people in the Explorer.Question No. 6 What was Germany’s economic growth rate in the past year?Question No. 7 How much of Twitter’s income came from advertising last year according to the company’s statement? Question No.8 What did Toyota Motor Corp say it would do in its Monday statement? Question No.9 What do we know about Italian unemployment according to official EU figures? Question No. 10 Why has the 21-year-old woman been charged with six counts of murder?26．A．0.4%.B．0.7%.C．1.1%.D．1.7%.正确答案：A27．A．$8 billion.B．$18 billion.C．Over 90%.D．Three-quarters.正确答案：C28．A．Start afresh an era for a vibrant auto production base in Australia.B．Reduce the costs to make Australia an attractive auto-making base.C．Cut 2500 jobs in its Australian plants before the end of this year.D．Stop making cars and engines in Australia by the end of 2017.正确答案：D29．A．Its jobless rate is 12 % at present.B．1. 38 million people are officially jobless.C．The number of people out of work is 1. 9 million.D．Its unemployment rate is expected to drop further.正确答案：B30．A．She drove the wrong way on freeways and caused an accident.B．She ran down six people in drunk driving on a “girls’ night out”.C．She did killing under the influence of alcohol and drugs.D．She got involved in a horrific drug crime in Los Angeles.正确答案：A听力原文：W: As the comic industry continues its painful metamorphosis into the vessel shaped to contain the output of artists and writers in the 21st Century, one has to admire those individuals who have persevered through wave after wave of innovation and disaster by staying in the game. One such veteran is famed artist and writer, Paul Phillips. It was archetypal for Paul Phillips to start his professional career in the comics field in the early ‘90s, but unlike many of his contemporaries, he continues to improve on the lessons of his youth, producing works of increasing complexity and depth. Here in the studio with us today we have Mr. Paul Phillips. First of all, Paul, thank you for taking the time to talk with us. Let’s start with a modicum of biographical info. Where and when were you born?M: Oxford, late 1965.W: How early did you exhibit an interest for drawing? Was there anything else you wanted to do growing up?M: I’ve always drawn. My father insists that he gave me an “art lesson”when I was four years old, and was surprised that I could draw better than he could. With encouragement like that, it was a done deal.W: What type of training did you undergo in preparation for your career as an artist?M: When I was very young, I developed a training method that taught me a great appreciation for different art styles. I found some tracing paper and decided to place it over comics drawn by Neal Adams, Jack Kirby, and Frank Springer. For some reason, I decided that, rather than just tracing, I should use the underlying drawings as a skeletal structure. I decided that I would try to interpret the stylistically disparate drawings in a style of my own. What this taught me was that these artists each had unique strengths, and each one had a different thing to teach me. I also drew what 1 saw on the black and white horror films that f loved. Later, I checked out hundreds of books from the local libraries…anything that contained art. It could be French or Russian poster art, or photo collages, or Renaissance painters. I eventually took courses in college.W: Was it helpful? If so, which parts prepared you the most?M: It was all helpful. Actually, I think that the best thing you can do is study EVERYTHING around you. There are art lessons everywhere, in classrooms and out.W: Was your family supportive of your decision to be an artist?M: My family was very encouraging, especially my mother, who had wanted to be a commercial artist herself. She was constantly creating something, whether it was a painting or some craftwork.W: So you’ve been dedicated to art ever since you were a small kid?M:Well, when my mother passed away, I decided to concentrate on the “real world” for a while. I bought a trailer and took on a full time job in a grocery store as a department manager, and two part time jobs. I cooked pizzas at one job, and at another I played a minor role in a drama society. I actually had a fourth job, doing a cartoon for a local newspaper, but that was the only art-related job I did.W: I’m afraid time is up for this part of our program. Let’s continue after the commercial break. Please don’t go away.Question No. 11 When did Paul Phillips begin his professional career in the comics field? Question No. 12 In his early childhood, what did Paul Phillips do to make his father surprised? Question No. 13 Which of the following could be concluded about the man’s art education? Question No. 14 What did Paul say about her mother?Question No. 15 When Paul decided to concentrate on the “real world”for a while, he took several jobs. Which of the following was NOT one of these jobs?31．A．In his early childhood.B．In late 1965.C．In the early ‘90s.D．In the 21st century.正确答案：C32．A．The boy had sold one of his paintings.B．The boy had found a special training method.C．The boy could give his father an art lesson.D．The boy could draw better than his father.正确答案：D33．A．He learnt a variety of artistic styles and created one of his own.B．He copied paintings of different artistic styles by way of tracing.C．He taught himself painting using methods that are different from others’.D．He had been tutored by an artist when he was only four years old.正确答案：A34．A．She was a commercial artist all her life.B．She was constantly creating something.C．She was not as encouraging as her husband.D．She outlived her husband for five years.正确答案：B35．A．Working with a grocery store.B．Cooking pizza.C．Acting in a drama.D．Editing a newspaper.正确答案：D听力原文：Good morning, everyone. I’m going to give a brief summary of the transition from export marketing to global marketing. Basically, there are three phases in this transition. These are: export marketing, international marketing, and global marketing. Let’s describe the first phase, which is export marketing. Export marketing has four main characteristics. First, with export marketing there is home-based production and home-based management. Secondly, there is direct selling to the export markets. Next, it’s common to use agents and distributors. Finally, it’s possible that there arc sales centers in overseas markets. Overall, the investment costs are low with export marketing because almost everything, especially production and management, is still centered on the home base. Now let’s look at the second phase, international marketing. Here I identify three main characteristics. The first is that production has expanded to overseas markets. This is very important. Next, there is local management. This means you have local cost centers, individually responsible for making a profit. Finally, there is much more local employment of staff and management. Altogether, this means there is more investment, so investment with international marketing is high. Now we come to the third phase, which is global marketing, with at least four main characteristics. The most important is that the brand name, or brand names, are international, like IBM or Coca-Cola. Secondly, the business is established in all major world markets. This means, and this is the third point, that the business has a global identity. Next, the business has cost centers in all major markets. The fourth and final point is that the production is often complex, with parts made and transported all over the world between various centers. An example here is a laptop, where perhaps the chips, the circuit board, the case, the screen, the packaging, the documentation, are all made in different locations around the world. Maybe Singapore, Brazil, Italy or South Africa. The result is that the global marketing phase involves very high levels of investment, higher than the other two phases. That is a good summary of the stages between export marketing and global marketing. Does anyone have any questions or need clarification on any point?Question No. 16 What’s the main topic of this talk?Question No. 17 Which of the following is TRUE with the phase of export marketing?Question No. 18 What do we know about the phase of international marketing?Question No. 19 What is the most important characteristic of global marketing?Question No. 20 Which of the following phases involves the highest levels of investment?36．A．Globalization and exporting activities.B．Different types of overseas markets.C．Different relationships between export and import.D．The transition from export marketing to global marketing.正确答案：D37．A．The overall investment costs are low.B．It is common to use agents, but not distributers.C．All sales centers are in home markets.D．Management is centered on the overseas base.正确答案：A38．A．The investment is not so high as export marketing.B．There is much more employment of home management.C．Production has expanded to overseas markets.D．Local management is not responsible for making a profit.正确答案：C39．A．The business is established in all major world markets.B．The brand name or names are international.C．The business has a global identity.D．The business has cost centers all over the world.正确答案：B40．A．Export marketing.B．International marketing.C．Global marketing.D．It’s not mentioned in the talk.正确答案：CSECTION 2 READING TESTDirections: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Since a gigantic Sainsbury is my local corner shop, I have a purseful of those coupons: “Here’s ￡l. 45 off your next visit”, etc. But lately I’ve felt 1 deserve another voucher: “Here’s a tax rebate on the cash you pay our low-paid workers so they can subsist. “The chances are they couldn’t get by without you. A survey of Sainsbury employees by Unite last year found that 60% relied upon government working tax credits to top up their salaries. Even so, in the previous six months, a third had resorted to borrowing money to settle their bills. Low pay is always seen as a leftie, bleeding-heart issue. Poor oppressed workers. Aux barricades! Rather it should raise the blood pressure of every taxpayer. The constant conniptions of supermarkets competing for market share, discounting their rivals, fighting off the German upstarts Aldi and Lidl, distract from the fact that they are vastly wealthy. Sainsbury’s underlying profits for 2012-13 were ￡758 million: these have trebled in a decade. Who could begrudge Sainsbury’s new CEO Mike Coupe his ￡900,000 basic salary, if only he paid all his 157,000 retail staff enough to live on without you and me chipping in? But he doesn’t and, bizarrely, no one is inclined to make him. V oters abhor a high welfare bill or the notion that benefits arc rising faster than wages. But if the chancellor wanted to take ￡300 a year from every low-paid household, ￡490 from families with children, could he not at least have added: “I call upon our friends in business to make up the difference: to help cut the welfare bill, by paying all their employees a living wage. “ Because the problem is not just soaring welfare but stagnating wages. For the first time in British history, the majority of those classified in poverty already have jobs. In the last decade, food bills have increased by 44% , energy costs more than doubled, but even now that the economy has rallied, wages have barely picked up. Now 5. 2 million of the workforce are paid below a rate at which decent life is sustainable. And since, without government support, families on minimum wage would barely be able to feed their children, in-work benefits cost taxpayers ￡28 billion a year. During the Tory and Labour conferences, much was said about “political disconnect”—the angry distrust voters feel towards the major Westminster parties. It was ascribed to ideological differences on Europe. But deep down, it’s about money, stupid. Life is a trudge and people see no one capable of lightening their step. The idea that prosperity should be shared, increased productivity linked to wages, fell apart in the 1980s. As Warren Buffett said recently, the class war was won “by my class, the rich class”. Employees know that even low-paid jobs are precious, that if they contemplate something as audaciously retro as striking, a pool of labour could rush to take their place. Companies relish their upper hand, play the austerity card during pay rounds even now times are better. When the retailer Next was asked why, despite record profits, its wages were still below the living wage, it replied that since 30 people applied for every job advertised, how could it be paying too little? While the executive googles ski-breaks in Verbier, the cleaner emptying his bin walks to work to save on bus fares. The low-paid don’t merely have less stuff: they have less stable relationships and weaker health. Are their struggles invisible to those who pay their terrible salaries, or do they not care? I was encouraged to read in the report by the Living Wage Commission that not all lack heart. Sir John Bond, then chairman of HSBC, was moved by a speech from a Canary Wharf cleaner. Boththen introduced the living wage. Indeed Guy Stallard of KPMG, whose company has paid it since 2006, says staff turnover is lower and morale up. Give people the means to be fully human and they will be loyal. Now eight companies on the FTSE 100 index pay the living wage. But in retail, which has the biggest proportion of low-paid workers, not a single high street name has signed up. These days our only political muscle is as consumers, choosing Fairtrade, making ethical investments. And there would be great kudos for the first of the big four supermarkets who stopped sitting on its mega-profits while adding staff wage bills to the welfare tab.41．Why does the author say that low pay of supermarket workers “should raise the blood pressure of every taxpayer”(para. 1)?A．Because the low-paid workers would pay less income tax.B．Because the tax office would give them more tax credits.C．Because the supermarket employees could only get by with customers.D．Because taxpayers would have to pay more for their in-work benefits.正确答案：D42．What does the author imply when she says that “the majority of those classified in poverty already have jobs” for the first time in British history(para. 3)?A．Unemployment remains a major issue in the U. K.B．Employment is the key to eradicate poverty.C．Instead of unemployment, low wages become the major issue.D．Social welfare is always connected to employees’ income.正确答案：C43．The author introduced Warren Buffet in paragraph 4 to illustrate that______.A．a company’s success is mainly attributable to its top executivesB．workers’ wages are no longer closely related to increased productivityC．in the Western world today the rich people win the war against the poorD．people with low pay should not resort to striking正确答案：C44．What is the argument of the retailer Next?A．As too many people applied for every job advertised, the pay could not be low.B．Record profits have already shown that workers got their living wage.C．If fewer people apply for jobs advertised, then they will consider raising salaries.D．The retailer has to play the austerity card even in better time.。

上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题（06.9）1:(30 )A:: , a . . . .. . a (1) , . I (2) .(3). , (4). , (5) . a (6) , a , , , (7) .(8).. (9) ? I (10). , , , (11). , 30 , (12) !(一三). , , . (14)., (一五) , (16) . (17) .(一八), , . a ‘’ ‘’ . a , (19) . , (20).B:: . , . , . .1 5 .1. (A) 85 .(B) , .(C) .(D) .2. (A) .(B) a “ ” .(C) .(D) 100.3. (A) , , , .(B) , , , .(C) , , , .(D) , , , .4. (A) a .(B) .(C) a , .(D) , , .5. (A) .(B) .(C) a .(D) .6 10 .6. (A) 3 20 .(B) a .(C) .(D) 2050.7. (A) .(B) a ’s .(C) .(D) .(B) .(C) .(D) a .9. (A) 6 7.(B) 8 10.(C) 11 16.(D) 17 25.10. (A) .(B) .(C) .(D) .11 一五 .11. (A) A . (B) A . (C) . (D) .12. (A) .(B) .(C) . (D) .一三. (A) .(B) (C) A .(D) .14. (A) ——. (B) ——.(C) ——. (D) ——.一五. (A) . (B) . (C) . (D) .16 20 .16. (A) . (B) ’ .(C) , . (D) , .17. (A) . (B) ’ .(C) . (D) ’ .一八. (A) . (B) . (C) a . (D) a .19. (A) . (B) .(C) . (D) .20. (A) ’s .(B) ’s .(C) ’s .(D) ’ ’s .2:(30 ): . . , (A), (B), (C) (D), . .1—5a a a a . , , . , , ,a . , ’s , a , . ’s , , .’s . “ a , ’t ,” , a , a , 25 . ,a ’t . , , , .. a ’t , ’t , a a ’t . “ , ,” , a . “.” , . , . “ ’ , ,” ,a , ’ . , , “ a , ‘’ . , a .”, , . “ ’t . ,” , a ,a ’s . ’s a , , , . “ ,” , a a ( ), . , . , .1. ?(A) a .(B) a .(C) .(D) .(A)(B)(C)(D)3. ?(A) A ’s .(B) .(C) .(D) .4. “” “ ,” (.3) .(A)(B)(C)(D)5. “ ” (.4) .(A)(B)(C)(D)6—10: , , . a , ’ . , ., ’s . 1998, (), . , . a — a — a . , , “ ” . a , . “ ,” ., . ( a a .) , a 2005; ’s .’s . , —’t . “ a ,” , ., ’s , , . ? ’s , “I’m , .” , . , . “ a ’s ,” , . “ .”6. , , ’ , .(A)(B)(C)(D)7. “ ”(.2) .(A)(B) ’(C)(D) ’s8. “ ” “ ’s ” (.3) .(A)(B)(C)(D)9. “ ’s .”(.4), “ ” .(A)(B)(C)10. “ .” (.5), “ ” .(A) a(B) a(C) a(D) a11—一五’s , 50,000 . . : 3.5 ,a , . , . , , — . , : .20 , . ’s .? , ’ . , , ., , , , . a ’ . , , $800 . , , ’10 . , .a ; ’s . , , . .1960s, . ’t . , . , . . : , ;’s . . ’s .. , . , ( a a ).a ., . . . , , : 2 2020, . ,a . a , . . , , . ’s .11. ?(A) ’s .(B) .(C) .(D) ’s .12. “” “ ’s .” (. l) .(A) .(B) .(C) .(D) .一三. ’s ?(A) .(B) .(C) .(D) .14. “ .” (.4), .(A)(B)(C)(D)一五. ’s .(A)(B)(C)(D)16—20. , : ’s . —’s — ., , . ’s 2007 a 50 . a ’s , ’s a .A 50 “ a ” a ’s , , ., ’s a . a “ ,” , . , “ ” “ ,” .. , , a . : , . ’s ., ——, ’t “,” , a . —, , . , , ’s “” . . , .. , , ’s .’s 10 . . , a , , a .“’s a a a . ’s a ,” . . “ .”16. , : .(A) , , ’s(B) , ,(C) , ,(D) ’s , ,17. “ , , .” (.3), .(A)(B) ’s(C)(D)一八. a 50 ’s 2007 “ a ” (.4), .(A)(B)(C) ,(D)19. , ’s 10 .(A)(B)(C)(D)20. ?(A) a(B) ’s(C) .(D) 2007: A3:(30 ): .A . , — .“ ”—’s 14 一八68. 1 , , : “ , , .”, , , . , a , .“ ’t , a . ,” . “ a ; ’ ’ , I ’t .”4:(30 )A:: a . . , ” a a . .(1) , (2). ? (3) , . , a (4). (5) .a (6). (7) . (8) . (9) , 10% (10) , 5%(11). , , a (12).(一三). (14), (一五) (16). ’t . ’s ’s (17) ., (一八) . , ? (19). ’t a (20), , ’t a !B:1.: , 5 . . , .(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2.: , 2 . . , . .(1)(2)5:(30 ): . .1—35,000 , a . a , a ., . , , a , a : “”. 60 一五 . A a ,, , a 8 , , 6. 一五 5. 6½, 8.. “ . ,” . “ . a . .a .”, , a . “ a a ,” . .’s , , a , , .. £24 a , 75 ., , ’s . “ ’t a . a , a . , ,” .’S A24 a75aa .7,000, ,6191. ?2. ’s ? a .3. ’s ’s ?4—6’d , . . “ a ,” . “ .”. ’s . ’s , a , , ’s . “ a , ,” ,a . “ a .”. , . “ ,” . ’s a , , a . “’ a a ,” ’s . “ a , ’t , ‘’ .’“’s a ’s , 1988, a . , , : A , ’s . “I ’t ,90 ,” . “ a , I ’t .”a . “ , a ,” . . “ ... .”, , , . , . “ ... ” , ’s . “[’s] a .” (512 )4. ’s ? “ a ”?5. ’s ? ’s ?6. :a) “ a .”(.2)b) “ a , I ’t .”(.4)7—10, 90 a . . . . . a ., a a , ’s . , , .’s 256 , 一三 . , — . , .a . a a , . “ 1 2001, ,” , 20, a . “ , ..” a a $195,000 26 . a , a a . “ ,” ., , . , a 一五% .. , , . “ I , ,” , a 1990s .“ , ,” . “ . ’t .” . , “ [ ] [] .”11% 1999. , a , 3.0 , . ’s .’s , ’s ’s . , ’s : . “ 21 ,” . “ .” (651 )8. 4 “ a .”9. “ ” (.6)?10. “ ” ? ?6:(30 ):中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。

上海英语高级口译资格证书第1阶段测试F1参考答案A 卷参考答案:Part APassage 1:数年前还鲜为人知的电子网络产业，时至今日已成为一个国家国民生活的重要组成部分。

越来越多的人在使用人们所知道的“信息高速公路”。

信息高速公路是一种大规模的全国范围，乃至全球范围电子通信网络系统，可以传送任何形式的记录信息。

∥用户只要在当地“因特网”服务点付费入网，便可在电脑终端机上获取有时事、教育、科研、金融、医疗保健、气象、娱乐、购物等内容的信息。

电子网络产业已经极大地改变并将继续改变我们的生活。

Passage 2:英国希望和中国建立一种面向21 世纪的长期、稳定、友好的合作关系。

英中两国都有古老的文明和相互交往的悠久历史。

自从建交以来，两国在各个领域中的合作取得了卓越的进步。

∥中国在亚洲及国际事务中正发挥越来越重要的作用。

虽然英中两国有着不同的国情、社会制度、文化传统和经济发展水平，但没有根本的利害冲突。

良好的英中合作不仅有利于两国的利益，而且有利于世界和平、稳定和发展。

Part BPassage 1:In terms of Chinese food, it is popularly recognized well knownthat Chinese cuisine isworld-famous for its perfect combination of “color, aroma, taste and appearance”. China’sunique culinary art owes itself to the country’s long history, vast territory and hospitabletradition.∥Chinese cuisine gives emp hasis to the selection of raw materials. The texture of food, theblending of seasonings, slicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying outthe food on the plate. Among the best-known schools of Chinese culinary tradition are theCantonese. Shandong. Huai-Yang and Sichuan cuisines, traditionally known as “the light flavorof the south, the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the east and the spicy-hot flavor ofthe west”.Passage 2:Panzhihua, once a poverty-stricken minority area in southern Sichuan Province, hasdeveloped into one of China’ major iron and steel and hydropower bases after three decades ofefforts. The city, located on the boundary of Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, has abundantmineral and hydropower resources.∥The construction of the Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co., a key state project with an annualoutput of 3 million tons of steel, hasfundamentally changed the area’s outlook.Besides,Panzhihua enjoys a sub-tropical climate; so it is endowed with excellent and unique conditionsfor developing agriculture.口译题录音文字稿：Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heardeach passage, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal...and stop it at thesignal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages onlyonce. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:The electronic network industry, which was virtually unknown years ago, has become avital part of a country’s national life. More and more people are making use of what is popularlyknown as the “information superhighway”. Information superhighway is a large-scalenationwide, or worldwide, electronic communications network system, capable of transmittingjust about any fo rm of recorded data.∥By subscribing to a local Internet service, a user can obtain information from the computerterminal, including information from the computer terminal, including information about currentevents, education.Scientific research, finance, medical care, weather, entertainment andshopping. The electronic network industry has dramatically changed, and will continue tochange, the way we live.Passage 2:Britain wishes to establish a long-term, stable and friendlyco-operative relation with Chinathat is oriented towards the 21st century. Britain and China have ancient civilizations and a longhistory of mutual exchanges. Remarkable progress has been made in cooperation in variousfields since the two countries established diplomatic ties.∥China is playing an increasingly important role in Asian and international affairs, andalthough Britain and China have different national conditions, social systems, cultural traditionsand levels of economic development, there is no fundamental conflict of interest. The improvedBritish-Chinese cooperation serves not only the interests of the two nations, but also those ofworld peace, stability and development.Part BDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese. After you have heardeach passage, interpret it into English. Start interpreting at the signal...andstop it at thesignal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages onlyonce. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:说起中餐，人们都知道中餐烹饪以其“色、香、味、形”俱全而著称于世。

上海中级口译英译汉真题2016年3月(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：100.00)1. Education has long been embraced as one of the best ways to combat inequality. Yet, this faith in the power of education has begun to falter. There is mounting evidence that improving our education system won’t do much to fix inequality. Modern inequality isn’t driven by the gap between college-educated workers and high school grads. All the action is at the top of the income ladder, where the extremely rich have pulled away from everyone else. Since 1979, wages for the top 1 percent in the United States have grown nine times faster than wages for the bottom 90 percent. That’s not a tale of the well-educated doing better than the less-well-educated. It’s about the super-rich out－earning everyone else—including college graduates, who haven’t gotten a raise in over a decade. So what doesn’t seem to work is a focus on improving education. Even if we could dramatically increase the number of college graduates, or greatly expand access to high-quality education, the United States would likely remain an extremely unequal place, a country where even college grads are being left behind.（分数：100.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( 教育，长期以来一直被奉为消除不平等现象的最佳途径之一。

Part A Passage 1: 纽约因⼈⽽异可以是两类城市中的⼀种：对旅游观光客来说，那是⼀座⼈流拥挤、汽车喇叭声不停、交通堵塞、街道肮脏、地铁闷臭的城市—所有这⼀切同华尔街和联合国⼤厦等国际性标志性建筑形成了鲜明的对照。

// 然⽽，对⼤多数本地居民和上班族来说，纽约只不过是⼀个巨⼤繁忙的商业活动场所 —到晚上，就应该⽴即离开，前往环境更加宁静的地区。

当然，纽约仍然是西半球⼈⼝最多、最繁华的⼤都市。

Passage 2: 贵⽅产品改进后的式样给我留下了深刻的印象。

产品有新意，⽽⼯艺尚不尽如⼈意。

不过我还是打算询个价。

这是⼀份我所感兴趣的产品的购物单，请您给我⼀个有效期为30天、⽬的港为旧⾦⼭的到岸价。

您知道我是⼀个诚⼼诚意的⼤买主。

当然，我的采购量则完全取决于贵⽅的报盘。

得到您的底价后我想与您讨论⼀下付款⽅式问题。

Part B Passage 1: Welcome to the Shanghai Museum. Completed in the 90s, the Shanghai Museum is a large museum equipped with modern facilities. Its bronze ware collection is a fine treasure of the Chinese cultural heritage highly respected in the world. // The Shanghai museum also displays over 500 pieces of the finest ceramics as well as nearly 200 pieces of sculpture, with the Buddhist sculpture and figurine modeling art as the main subject. Each of these exhibits depicts the artistic styles of different historical periods. Passage 2: In the past, China was called “the sick man of East Asia”. Not a single Chinese name could be found among the top world-class athletes or world-record holders in competitive sports before 1949. // The founding of the People’s Republic of China brought fundamental changes to the field of sports, and the skills of Chinese athletes improved quickly. By 1996, Chinese athletes had won 2563 world championship titles. ⼝译题录⾳⽂字稿： Part A Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each passage, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage. Passage 1: New York is, depending on one’s point of view, any one of the two cities: to the tourists, it is a city of hurrying crowds, horn-blowing traffic jams, dirty streets and smelly subways—all in sharp contrast to such international symbols as Wall Street and the United Nations Building, // but to most local inhabitants and commuters, it is simply an enormous and busy working field associated with business activities— a place to leave as soon as possible in the evening for the more peaceful atmosphere of the suburban areas. But of course, New York remains to be the most populous, flourishing and prosperous metropolitan city in the Western Hemisphere. Passage 2: I’m very impressed by the improved design of your products. They have a novel appeal, though the workmanship is not so desirable. Anyway, I’d like to make an inquiry. This is my list of interested items and I’d like to hear your quotations on a C. I. F. basis valid for 30 days to San Francisco.// You know I’m a serious and bulk buyer. But of course, my intended amount of purchase is definitely dependent on your offer. I’d also like to discuss the terms of payment with you as soon as I get your floor price. Part B Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese. After you have heard each passage, interpret it into English. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… you may take notes while you’re listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now, let’s begin Part B with the first passage. Passage 1: 欢迎各位参观上海博物馆。

上海高级口译汉译英真题2016年3月(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、汉译英(总题数：1，分数：100.00)1. 历史是一面镜子。

以史为鉴，才能避免重蹈覆辙。

对历史，我们要心怀敬畏、心怀良知。

历史无法改变，但未来可以塑造。

铭记历史，不是为了延续仇恨，而是要共同引以为戒。

传承历史，不是为了纠结过去，而是要开创未来，让和平的薪火代代相传。

“大道之行也，天下为公。

”和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由，是全人类的共同价值，也是联合国的崇高目标。

目标远未完成，我们仍需努力。

当今世界，各国相互依存、休戚与共。

我们要继承和弘扬联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系，打造人类命运共同体。

为此，我们需要作出共同努力。

（分数：100.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( History is a mirror. Only by drawing lessons from history can the world avoid repeating past calamity. We should view history with awe and human conscience. The past cannot be changed, but the future can be shaped. Bearing history in mind is not to perpetuate hatred but for mankind not to forget its lesson. Remembering history does not mean being obsessed with the past, but for us to forge ahead into the future and pass the torch of peace from generation to generation. As an ancient Chinese adage goes, "The greatest ideal is to create a world shared by all." Peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom are common values of all mankind and the lofty goals of the United Nations. Yet these goals are far from being achieved, and we must continue o ur endeavor to meet them. In today’s world, the nations coexist through interdependence, sharing both weal and woe. We should abide by and carry forward the purposes and principles of the UN Charter to build a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation, and create a community of common destiny for mankind. To achieve this goal, we need to make joint efforts. ) 解析：。

2016 年 3 月全国英语等级考试一级真题及答案第二部分英语知识运用第一节单项填空阅读下面的句子和对话，从 A.、 B.、C.三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

31.After school", I play basketball and she plays ________piano.A. aB. anC. the32.Nancy is not ________ famous in the United States, but also abroad.A. onlyB. AsC. so33.I visited a friend of ________ in town and then caught a train home.A. MeB. MyC. mine34.You are half an hour late. Try to come to class________ time tomorrow.A. OnB. atC. by35.--Could you give me a few more minutes?-________. Take your time.A.Not at allB. CertainlyC. You' re welcome36. Jane lost ________ of bet car on the ice last night.A. ChanceB. InterestC. control37. An old man is________ stories to the children on the grass.A. tellingB. sayingC. speaking38.Robert sat at the table with smokers on ________ side of him.A. allB. BothC. either39.I'm not________ sure whether Terry will come with us tomorrow evening.A. AlreadyB. quiteC. still40.She' s going to night school________ she can learn computer programming.A. whatB. whereC. which41.I' 11 call you this evening and let you________how she is.A.knowB.knowingC.to know42.Mr. Smith began learning Chinese in his________.A. fortyB. FortiesC. fortieth43.She looked out of the window to see if it________.A. was rainingB. has rainedC. is raining44.Your paper is well ________ but it' s too long and you have to cut it short.A. to writeB. WritingC. written45.John can help you with the food when he ________ cleaning the tables.A. will finishB. FinishedC. finishes第二部分英语知识应用第一节单项填空31．C【精析】句意：放学后，我打篮球，她弹钢琴。

参考答案: SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Dictation 1. the majority of employees 2. that affect them 3. two-way communication 4. within the company 5. set in motion 6. between managers and staff 7. value consultation with our workforce 8. to perform effectively 9. know the basic facts 10. more efficient 11. give you one example 12. new products 13. some outline about a company’s profit 14. its competitors 15. future product plans 16. hear about it 17. ignore the face 18. communicate with supervisors 19. what is going on 20. they haven’t been told formally Part B: Listening Comprehension 1-5 B D C A C 6-10 C B C A C 11-15 C A D A D 16-20 A B D A C SECTION 2: READING TEST 1-5 D D B C B 6-10 B C B D A 11-15 C D B A D 16-20 D B C C B SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST 如果各公司断然采取西⽴国家裁员的做法以增加利润，⽇本⼀度令⼈羡慕的失业率将上升⾄两位数。

上海高级口译英语笔试真题在口译考试临考的两三个月，应该坚决放弃视译，开始听译了。

英译汉应该结合外国人原声朗读的音频听两句，译两句，人事部考试应适应英美两种口音。

下面给大家带来上海高级口译英语笔试真题，希望对你们有所帮助。

上海高级口译英语笔试真题第一部分“听力”，30分钟，50分。

Section 1:Listening(1)20个填空。

有段句子或单词，答案含1-5个单词，内容：人工智能(2)4段话，每段5个选择题。

新闻节选段落有交通事故、前妻纷争?欧洲旅行相关…第二部分：阅读，30分钟，50分。

4个阅读，每篇5个选择题。

Section 2:Reading:2.5分×20=50分考了自然类主题的，还有文化等主题的，具体记不清了。

阅读内容：第一篇自然类主题，native和world的动植物引进的debate，学术观点引用影响之类的，考到文中一个关键词的含义，作者的观点等。

第二篇贫富差距相关的主题，富人生活评价，但穷人也有自己的优势balabala,最后总结，穷人life可以如何……考到的问题有选项表达与题中不符的，全文的语气风格等。

第三篇是学生等级划分的辩论,问题有作者拿自己和自己的同学举例的意图是什么，主题词在原文的意思最后一篇记不太清了。

第三部分：翻译，30分钟，50分。

Section 3:Translation:(英译中)50分内容：首相任命administer of loneliness and isolated, 专门处理loneliness 的系列问题，loneliness和癌症、心脏病等致病关系比一天抽15根雪茄还严重，还有loneliness 的影响、危害和治理等。

补充：通讯技术的发展、social media等原因，提到了facebook和instagram等社交平台，Facebook原本宣称自己是为了改善社交状态的，但结果反而加剧了社交平台loneliness and isolated.【中间休息15分钟后接着考】第四部分：听力，30分钟，50分。

第一部分历年真题上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试真题及详解（一）第一阶段考试SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or wordsyou have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the correspondingspace in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passageONLY ONCE. Now let’s begin Part A with Spot Dictation.We already live in an over-communicated world that will only become more so in the next tech era. We’ve _____(1) that gets us so much information. We’ve got _____(2)every second, we’ve got computers and laptops, we’ve got personal organizers and we’re just being _____(3) and every advance in technology seems to create more and more communications at us. We are sort of _____(4).Research suggests that all the multi-tasking may actually make our brains _____(5), producing a world-wide increase in IQ _____(6) and more in recent decades. Is there any real benefit in _____(7) we now have to go through?We’re not becoming a race of _____(8), but many do think certain skills are enhanced and certain are not. You know the ability to _____(9), to answer a dozen mails in five minutes, or to fill out _____(10). That’s enhanced. But when someone is out there with his kids _____(11) or something like that, he’s got his cell phone inhis pocket. He’s always wondering, “Gee, did I get a voicemail?” This might have negative effects _____(12).Creativity is something that happens slowly. It happens when your brain is just _____(13), just playing, when it _____(14) which you hadn’t thou ght of, or maybe you have time to read a hook. You are a businessperson but you have time to _____(15), or about a philosopher and something that happened long ago or something or some idea _____(16). Actually, it might occur to you that you _____(17) in t hat way, and so it’s this mixture of unrelated ideas that feeds your productivity, _____(18). And if your mind is disciplined to answer every e-mail, then you don’t have time for that playful nodding. You don’t have time for _____(19). So I think maybe we’re getting smarter in some senses, hut over-communication is _____(20) and to our reflection.【答案】1. developed technology2. cell phones ringing3. bombarded with communication4. overwhelmed by the information flow5. work better and faster6. up to 20 points7. all these mental gymnastics8. global idiots9. make fast decisions10. maybe big aptitude tests11. playing in his little league12. on our own brain patterns13. nodding around14. puts together ideas15. read a book about history16. somebody thought of long ago17. can think of your own business18. feeds your creativity19. those unexpected conjunctions20. a threat to our creativity【录音原文】We already live in an over-communicated world that will only become more so in the next tech era. We’ve developed technology that gets us so much information that we’ve got cell phones ringing every second, we’ve got computers and laptops, we’ve got personal organizers and we’re just being bombarded with communication and every advance in technology seems to create more and more communications at us. We are sort of overwhelmed by the information flow.Research suggests that all the multi-tasking may actually make our brains work better and faster, producing a world-wide increase in IQ up to 20 points and more in recent decades. Is there any real benefit in all these mental gymnastics we nowhave to go through?We’re not becoming a race of glob al idiots, but many do think certain skills are enhanced and certain are not. You know the ability to make fast decisions, to answer a dozen e-mails in five minutes, or to fill out maybe big aptitude tests. That’s enhanced. But when someone is out there wi th his kids playing in his little league or something like that, he’s got his cell phone in his pocket. He’s always wondering, “Gee, did I get a voicemail?” This might have negative effects on our own brain patterns.Creativity is something that happens slowly. It happens when your brain is just noodling around, just playing, when it puts together ideas which you hadn’t thought of, or maybe you have time to read a book. You are a businessperson but you have time to read a book about history, or about a philosopher and something that happened long ago or something or some idea somebody thought of long ago. Actually, it might occur to you that you can think of your own business in that way, and so it’s this mixture of unrelated ideas that feeds your produc tivity, feeds your creativity. And if your mind is disciplined to answer every e-mail, then you don’t have time for that playful noodling. You don’t have time for those unexpected conjunctions. So I think maybe we’re getting smarter in some senses, but over-communication is a threat to our creativity and to our reflection.Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one, you will be asked same questions. The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now, listencarefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heardand write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the correspondingspace in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Now let’s begin Part B wi th ListeningComprehension.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) The designing of a new town.(B) The most livable small town in America.(C) The financing of a housing project.(D) The updating of old building codes.2. (A) Houses with front porches.(B) Houses that are very close together.(C) Quarter-of-an-acre or half-an-acre private yard space.(D) Easy access to the town center and to the vital institutions.3. (A) It has nothing to do with a sense of nostalgia for the past.(B) It has failed in the new town mentioned in the conversation.(C) People prefer to stay in an air-conditioned front porch.(D) People spend very much time on front porches in hot climates.4. (A) You are not allowed to use red curtains facing the street.(B) You couldn’t attach a satellite dish to your house.(C) You should remove plastic products from front porches.(D) You mustn’t park your car in front of your house for long.5. (A) Some of these rules seem to go a little too far.(B) Some of these rules are contradictory.(C) These rules are all dictated by the local laws.(D) These rules have not been approved by the developer.【答案与解析】1.A 对话开头男士便提到“in designing this new town…”，接着回顾了美国以前的小城镇把最好的设计元素结合在一起，例如联排别墅，人行道，前廊和两边种着树的街道等。

上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题及答案上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题(06.9) SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot Dictation Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collected the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change the same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to___________ (5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a___________(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors,and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has___________(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment, ___________(11).Starting today,try to get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and ___________(12)rise!Play is known___________(13). Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature. We have the need to play because it is instinctive and ___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose ___________(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and__________ (17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18), curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is both a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)of the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,and playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening Comprehension Directions:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten years ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the”oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians inthe state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie, unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20thcentury.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety. (B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have evacuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and heavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security. Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste. 14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D) Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk. 16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’educatio n more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D) Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude. SECTION2:READING TEST(30minutes)Directions:In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D),to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated orimplied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in thecorresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1—5Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with ababy eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk.No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts,most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill.It is only several years later,around the start of middle or junior high school,many psychologists and teachers agree,that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids,whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s su ccess,it can be a bewildering,painful experience.So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that,just maybe, ambition can be taught like any other subject at school. It’s not quite that simple.”Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity,but they can’t be forced,”says Jacquelynne Eccles,a psychology professor at the University of Michigan,who led a landmark,25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts.Even so,a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to have much.Theysay that by instilling confidence,encouraging some risk taking,being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful,both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve. Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesn’t suffer froman emotional or learning disability,or isn’t involved in some family crisis at home,manyeducators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressure thatconveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool.”Kids get so caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb,and it blocks them from thinking about the long term,”says Carol Dweck,a psychology professor at Stanford.”You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.”Over the past couple of years,Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with New York City public school seventh-graders to do just that.Dubbed Brainology,the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughou t life.”The message is that everything iswithin the kids’control,that their intelligence is malleable,”says Lisa Blackwell,a research scientist at Columbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program,which has helped increase the students’interest in school and turned around their declining math grades.More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says,”parents can play a critical role in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort,strategy and progres s rather than emphasizing their‘smartness’or praising high performance alone. Most of all,parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system,with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability,also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids.”These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who aren’t considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,”says Jeff How ard,a social psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute,a Boston-area organization that works with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve children’sacademic performance.Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids to aworld beyond homework and tests,through volunteer work,sports,hobbies and other extracurricular activities.”The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,”says Michael Nakkual,a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF(Inventing the Future),which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations.The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwork is irrelevant,to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it.Like any ambitious toddler,they need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.1.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?(A)Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.(B)How a baby learns to walk and talk.(C)Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.(D)Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2.According to some educators and psychologists,all ofthe following would be helpful to cultivate students’ambition to succeed EXCEPT________.(A)stimulating them to build up self-confidence(B)cultivating the attitude of risk taking(C)enlarging the areas for children to succeed(D)making them understand their family crisis3.What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?(A)A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the student’s failure.(B)Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience.(C)Looking smart is more important for young people at school.(D)To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4.The word”malleable”in the clause”that their intelligence is malleable,”(para.3)most probably means capable of being________.(A)altered and developed(B)blocked and impaired(C)sharpened and advanced(D)replaced and transplanted5.The expression”to disabuse them of the notion”(para.4) can be paraphrased as________.(A)to free them of the idea(B)to help them understand the idea(C)to imbue them with the notion(D)to inform them of the conceptQuestions6—10Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the government has asked those companies to turn over i nformation on its users’search behavior.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods. What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related tonational security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due toFirst Amendment concerns.In its appeal,the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often”material that is harmful to minors”might appear.Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.”We intend to resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them.(The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July;the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.”We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search. Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?Says the DOJ’s Miller,”I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use thepersonal information of consenting customers to improve search performance.”Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an El ectronic Frontier Foundation attorney.”They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act7.Google refused to turn over”its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ as it believes that ________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s busin ess secret8.The phrase”scaled back to”in the sentence”the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of searchqueries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to9.In the sentenc e”One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression”sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case10.When Kurt Opsahl says that”They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the expression”Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions11—15On New Y ear’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not somemass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drought,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in the west,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories.Even if you do know about the drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region,and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstratedtime and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands. Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800million per year.In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’herds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve andtheir animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goesto the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine, when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Fundingbodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production.It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions:that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models;and that Afri ca’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestockand cereals to keep themselves and their families alive (the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that hashelped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising,but more needs to be done.Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle.They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding.Ultimately,sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade,so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products:there will likely be an additional 2billion consumers worldwide by2020,the vast majority in developing countries.To ensure that pastoralists benefit,it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies.Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women,who play critical roles in livestock production.The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists.Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to moreresentment,conflict,environmental degradation and malnutrition.It is in the rich world’s interests to help out.11.Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?(A)Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.(B)The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.(C)The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.(D)Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.12.The word”encapsulates”in the sentence”Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”(para.l)can be replaced by________.(A)concludes.(B)involves.(C)represents.(D)aggravates.13.What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and tr aditional lifestyle of pastoralism?(A)Neutral and indifferent.(B)Sympathetic and understanding.(C)Critical and vehement.(D)Subjective and fatalistic.14.When the author writes”the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.”(para.4),he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not__________.(A)have an objective view of the situation in Africa(B)understand the unpredictable weather systems there(C)feel themselves superior in decision making(D)care about the development of the local people15.The author’s main purpose in writing this article in _________.(A)to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralists(B)to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in Africa(C)to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralism(D)to criticize the colonial thinking of western aidagenciesQuestions16—20The prospects for finding life beyond Earth may be brightening.Today,scientists are reporting evidence for yet another potential habitat in our solar system:Saturn’s moon Enceladus.Scientists mining new data from the Cassini spacecraft say they may have found evidence that Enceladus—the planet’s fourth-largest moon —hosts liquid water.If the results hold up,this would bring to four the number of bodies in the solar system—including Earth—that display active volcanism.And since life as biologists know it requires liquid water and a source of energy, Enceladus would join Jupiter’s moon Europa and Saturn’s moon Titan,as well as Mars,as possible spots beyond Earth where simple forms of life may have gained or still maintain a foothold.The discovery,however,is bittersweet for many scientists.NASA’s proposed budget for fiscal calls for a50percent cut in its astrobiology program.Although the program is a tiny piece of the agency’s overall spending plan for science,it’s a significant source of money for probing fundamental questions of how and why life emerged on Earth and whetherlife arose elsewhere in the universe.A50-percent cut”is almost a going-out-of-business-level cut”in a vibrant line of research that stands as one pillar supporting President Bush’s vision for space exploration,says planetary scientist Sean Solomon,who heads the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution of Washington.Nevertheless,the research in today’s issue of the journal Science is the sort of thing that continues to light a fire under the field. Its report about liquid water under the icy surface of Enceladus is a”radical conclusion,”acknowledges Carolyn Porco,who leads the imaging team working with data from the Cassini orbiter.But if the team is right,”we have significantly broadened the diversity of solar-system environments”that might have rolled out the welcome mat”for living organisms,”she concludes.Images released last fall show the moon ejecting vast plumes of material near itsunexpectedly warm south pole.As the team pondered the evidence,they nixed severalexplanations,including the idea that the particles in the plumes were driven by vaporbillowing out as ice reached the surface and immediately turned into a gas.The last idea standing:Liquid water was venting from reservoirs near the surface,perhaps only tens of meters below the frigid crust.This explanation also helped solve the riddle of puzzlingly high levels of oxygen atoms found in Saturn’s neighborhood.Confirmation could come with additional flybys,if water—and perhaps life—is present,it wouldn’t be”luxuriant,”notes Jeffrey Kargel,a researcher at the University of Arizona at Tucson.It likely would face tough conditions—nasty chemicals,very low temperatures,and little energy to drive i t.Still,he adds,it’s premature to cross the moon off the list of possible”outposts”for life beyond Earth.Yet the prospect of building on these results could be dimmer with the threat of budget cuts.The proposed reductions post several challenges,researchers say.One is the loss of important financial leverage.While money for experiments and other research related to astrobiology can come from other funding agencies,such as the National Science Foundation or even the National Institutes of Health,NASA’s program often provides the crucial missing piece that turns demanding and sometimes dangerous。

上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题及答案上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题( 06.9) SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)Part A: Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. Play is very important for humans from birth to death. Play is not meant to be just for children. It is a form of ___________ (1) that can tap into your creativity, and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others. I have collected the ___________ (2) of play here. Play can stimulate you ___________ (3). It can go against all the rules, and change the same ___________ (4). Walt Disney was devoted to play, and his willingness to ___________ (5) changed the world of entertainment. The next time you are stuck in a ___________ (6) way of life, pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay, glue and scissors, and ___________ (7) and break free. You will be amazed at the way your thinking ___________ (8). Playing can bring greater joy into your life. What do you think the world would be like-if ___________ (9) each day in play? I bet just asking you this question has ___________(10). Play creates laughter, joy, entertainment, ___________ (11). Starting today, try to get30 minutes each day to engage in some form of play, and ___________ (12) rise! Play is known ___________ (13). Studies show that, as humans, play is part of our nature. We have the need to play because it is instinctive and ___________ (14). With regular play, our problem-solving and ___________ (15) will be in much better shape to handle this complex world, and we are much more likely to choose ___________ (16) as they arise. It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________ (17) to our daily living. Play can ___________ (18), curiosity, and creativity. Research shows that play is both a ‘hands-on’and ‘minds-on’learning process. It produces a deeper, ___________ (19) of the world and its possibilities. We begin giving meaning tolife through story making, and playing out ___________ (20).Part B: Listening Comprehension Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over 85 years old.(B) In the United States, there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten years ago.(C) All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D) Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2. (A) Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B) Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the ”oldest old”people.(C) What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D) What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy 100-year-old.3. (A) Diet, optimism, activity or mobility, and genetics.(B) Optimism, commitment to interesting things, activity or mobility, and adaptability to loss.(C) The strength to adapt to loss, diet, exercise, and genetics.(D) Diet, exercise, commitment to something they were interested in, and genetics.4. (A) The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B) The centenarians basically eat something different.(C) The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie, unprocessed food diet.(D) The centenarians eat spicy food, drink whiskey, and have sweet pork every day.5. (A) Work hard.(B) Stay busy.(C) Stick to a balanced diet.(D) Always find something to laugh about. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news. 6. (A) Global temperatures rose by 3 degrees in the 20th century.(B) Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C) Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D) The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by 2050.7. (A) Taking bribes.(B) Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C) Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D) Offering cash for political favors.8. (A) The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B) The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C) All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have evacuated.(D) The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and heavy casualty.9. (A) 6 to 7.(B) 8 to 10.(C) 11 to 16.(D) 17 to 25.10. (A) Curbing high-level corruption.(B) Fighting organized crime.(C) Investigating convictions of criminals.(D) Surveying the threats to national security. Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) A wine taster. (B) A master water taster. (C) The host of the show. (D) The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12. (A) Berkeley Springs.(B) Santa Barbara.(C) Atlantic City. (D) Sacramento.13. (A) Being saucy and piquant.(B) Tasting sweet (C) A certain amount of minerals.(D) An absence of taste. 14. (A) Looking—smelling—tasting. (B) Tasting—smelling—looking.(C) Smelling—looking—tasting. (D) Tasting—looking—smelling.15. (A) Bathing. (B) Boiling pasta in. (C) Swimming. (D) Making tea.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. 16. (A) Enhance reading and math skills. (B) Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C) Improve math, but not reading skills. (D) Develop reading, but not math skills.17. (A) To help the students appreciate the arts. (B) To make the students’educatio n more well-rounded. (C) To investigate the impact of arts training. (D) To enhance the students’math skills.18. (A) Once weekly. (B) Twice weekly. (C) Once a month. (D) Twice a month.19. (A) Six months. (B) Seven months.(C) Eight months.(D) Nine months.20. (A) The children’s attitude.(B) The children’s test scores.(C) Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D) Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude. SECTION 2: READING TEST (30 minutes)Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated orimplied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in thecorresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 1—5 Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s su ccess, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that, just maybe, ambition can be taught like any other subject at school. It’s not quite that simple. ”Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity, but they can’t be forced,”says JacquelynneEccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan, who led a landmark, 25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve. Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesn’t suffer froman emotional or learning disability, or isn’t involved in some family crisis at home, manyeducators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressure thatconveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool. ”Kids get so caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb, and it blocks them from thinking about the long term,”says Carol Dweck, a psychology professor atStanford. ”You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.”Over the past couple of years, Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with New York City public school seventh-graders to do just that. Dubbed Brainology, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughou t life. ”The message is that everything is within the kids’control, that their intelligence is malleable,”says Lisa Blackwell, a research scientist at Columbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program, which has helped increase the students’interest in school and turned around their declining math grades. More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says, ”parents can play a critical role in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort, strategy and progres s rather than emphasizing their ‘smartness’or praising high performance alone. Most of all, parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testingand rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. ”These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who aren’t considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,”says Jeff How ard, a social psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute, a Boston-area organization that works with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve children’sacademic performance. Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids to aworld beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. ”The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,”says Michael Nakkual, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF (Inventing the Future), which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwork is irrelevant, to show them how doing well at schoolcan actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.1. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?(A) Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.(B) How a baby learns to walk and talk.(C) Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.(D) Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2. According to some educators and psychologists, all of the following would be helpful to cultivate students’ambition to succeed EXCEPT ________.(A) stimulating them to build up self-confidence(B) cultivating the attitude of risk taking(C) enlarging the areas for children to succeed(D) making them understand their family crisis3. What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?(A) A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the student’s failure.(B) Book knowledge is not as important as practicalexperience.(C) Looking smart is more important for young people at school.(D) To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4. The word ”malleable”in the clause ”that their intelligence is malleable,”(para.3) most probably means capable of being ________.(A) altered and developed(B) blocked and impaired(C) sharpened and advanced(D) replaced and transplanted5. The expression ”to disabuse them of the notion”(para.4) can be paraphrased as ________.(A) to free them of the idea(B) to help them understand the idea(C) to imbue them with the notion(D) to inform them of the conceptQuestions 6—10 Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As part of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to turn over i nformation on its users’search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods. What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related tonational security, but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography.In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA), but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms to do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers, in an attempt to quantify how often ”material that is harmful to minors”mightappear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test. ”We intend to resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong. DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.) Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July ; the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries. One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case. If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. ”We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeingadult content,”says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test, it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities? Says the DOJ’s Miller, ”I’m assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the company hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. ”Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl, an El ectronic Frontier Foundation attorney. ”They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying aboutBig Brother looking over their shoulders.”6. When the American government asked Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior, the major intention is _________.(A) to protect national security(B) to help protect personal freedom(C) to monitor Internet pornography(D) to implement the Child Online Protection Act7. Google refused to turn over ”its proprietary information”(para.2) required by DOJ as it believes that ________.(A) it is not involved in the court case(B) users’privacy is most important(C) the government has violated the First Amendment(D) search terms is the company’s busin ess secret8. The phrase ”scaled back to”in the sentence ”the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3) can be replaced by _________.(A) maximized to(B) minimized to(C) returned to(D) reduced to9. In the sentenc e ”One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4), the expression ”sink its own case”most probably means that _________.(A) counterattack the opposition(B) lead to blocking of porn sites(C) provide evidence to disprove the case(D) give full ground to support the case10. When Kurt Opsahl says that ”They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5), the expression ”Big Brother”is used to refer to _________.(A) a friend or relative showing much concern(B) a colleague who is much more experienced(C) a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D) a benevolent and democratic organization Questions 11—15On New Y ear’s Day, 50,000 inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch. This was not somemass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture: themoney that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5 million Kenyans who, because of a severe drought, are threatened with starvation. The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn. If you are reading this in the west, however, you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drought, you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists. There are 20 million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent. Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine. How so? It comes down to the reluctance of governments, aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’traditional way of life. Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists, even though it has been demonstrated time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments, and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changesmakes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands. Furthermore, African pastoralist systems are often more productive, in terms of protein and cash per hectare, than Australian, American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions. They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies. In Kenya, for example, the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800 million per year. In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia, hides from pastoralists’herds makeup over 10 per cent of export earnings. Despite this productivity, pastoralists still starve andtheir animals perish when drought hits. One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goesto the herders themselves; the lion’s share is pocketed by traders. This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine, when they need the cash to buy food, and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour. Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas. Funding bodies such as the World Bankand-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the 1960s, investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work. Firstly, no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted. Secondly, rearing livestock took precedence over human progress. The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors. They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient, which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models; and that Afri ca’s drylands can support commercial ranching. They cannot. Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching. What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle. Over the past few years, funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message. One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive (the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it). Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that hashelped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising, but more needs to be done. Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle. They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding. Ultimately, sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade, so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products: there will likely be an additional 2 billion consumers worldwide by 2020, the vast majority in developing countries. To ensure that pastoralists benefit, it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies. Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women, who play critical roles in livestock production. The rich world should payproper attention to the plight of the pastoralists. Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to more resentment, conflict, environmental degradation and malnutrition. It is in the rich world’s interests to help out.11. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?(A) Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.(B) The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.(C) The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.(D) Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.12. The word ”encapsulates”in the sentence ”Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”(para. l) can be replaced by ________.(A) concludes.(B) involves.(C) represents.(D) aggravates.13. What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and tr aditional lifestyle of pastoralism?(A) Neutral and indifferent.(B) Sympathetic and understanding.(C) Critical and vehement.(D) Subjective and fatalistic.14. When the author writes ”the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.”(para.4), he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not __________.(A) have an objective view of the situation in Africa(B) understand the unpredictable weather systems there(C) feel themselves superior in decision making(D) care about the development of the local people15. The author’s main purpose in writing this article in _________.(A) to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralists(B) to give suggestions on the support of thetraditional pastoralism in Africa(C) to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralism(D) to criticize the colonial thinking of western aid agenciesQuestions 16—20 The prospects for finding life beyond Earth may be brightening. Today, scientists are reporting evidence for yet another potential habitat in our solar system: Saturn’s moon Enceladus. Scientists mining new data from the Cassini spacecraft say they may have foundevidence that Enceladus—the planet’s fourth-largest moon—hosts liquid water.If the results hold up, this would bring to four the number of bodies in the solar system—including Earth —that display active volcanism. And since life as biologists know it requires liquid water and a source of energy, Enceladus would join Jupiter’s moon Europa and Saturn’s moon Titan, as well as Mars, as possible spots beyond Earth where simple forms of life may have gained or still maintain a foothold. The discovery, however, is bittersweet for many scientists. NASA’sproposed budget for fiscal calls for a 50 percent cut in its astrobiology program. Although the program is a tiny piece of the agency’s overall spending plan for science, it’s a significant source of money for probing fundamental questions of how and why life emerged on Earth and whether life arose elsewhere in the universe.A 50-percent cut ”is almost a going-out-of-business-level cut”in a vibrant line of research that stands as one pillar supporting President Bush’s vision for space exploration, says planetary scientist Sean Solomon, who heads the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Nevertheless, the research in today’s issue of the journal Science is the sort of thing that continues to light a fire under the field. Its report about liquid water under the icy surface of Enceladus is a ”radical conclusion,”acknowledges Carolyn Porco, who leads the imaging team working with data from the Cassini orbiter. But if the team is right, ”we have significantly broadened the diversity of solar-system environments”that might have rolled out the welcomemat ”for living organisms,”she concludes. Images released last fall show the moon ejecting vast plumes of material near itsunexpectedly warm south pole. As the team pondered the evidence, they nixed severalexplanations, including the idea that the particles in the plumes were driven by vaporbillowing out as ice reached the surface and immediately turned into a gas. The last idea standing: Liquid water was venting from reservoirs near the surface, perhaps only tens of meters below the frigid crust. This explanation also helped solve the riddle of puzzlingly high levels of oxygen atoms found in Saturn’s neighborhood. Confirmation could come with additional flybys, if water—and perhaps life—is present, it wouldn’t be ”luxuriant,”notes Jeffrey Kargel, a researcher at the University of Arizona at Tucson. It likely would face tough conditions—nasty chemicals, very low temperatures, and little energy to drive i t. Still, he adds, it’s premature to cross the moon off the list of possible ”outposts”for life beyond Earth. Yet the prospect of building on these results could be。

上海市中级口译第一阶段笔试真题2016年03月(总分：250.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、A: Spot Dictation(总题数：1，分数：30.00)In the summer of 2010, record-high temperatures hit Moscow. At first it was just another 1 but the scorching heat that started in 2 continued through mid-August. Western Russia was 3 in early August that 300 or 400 new fires were starting every day. Millions of acres of forest 4 . So did thousands of homes. Crops withered. Day after day Moscow was bathed in 5 .The elderly and those with impaired respiratory systems 6 . The death rate climbed as heat stress and smoke 7 . The average July temperature in Moscow was a scarcely believable 14 degrees Fahrenheit 8 . Twice during the heat wave, the Moscow temperature 9 Fahrenheit, a level Muscovites had never before 10 . Watching the heat wave play out over a seven-week period on the TV 11 , with the thousands of fires and the smoke everywhere, was like watching 12 that had no end. Russia"s 140 million people were 13 , traumatized by what was happening to them and their country.The most 14 in Russia"s 130 years of record keeping was taking a heavy economic toll. The loss of 15 and the projected cost of their restoration 16 some $300 billion. Thousands of farmers faced bankruptcy. Russia"s 17 shrank from nearly 100 million tons to scarcely 60 million tons as crops withered. Recently the world"s number three wheat exporter, Russia banned grain exports 18 to rein in soaring domestic food prices. Between mid-June and mid-August, the world price of wheat 19 . Prolonged drought and the worst heat wave in Russian history 20 worldwide.In the summer of 2010, record-high temperatures hit Moscow. At first it was just another 1 but the scorching heat that started in 2 continued through mid-August. Western Russia was 3 in early August that 300 or 400 new fires were starting every day. Millions of acres of forest 4 . So did thousands of homes. Crops withered. Day after day Moscow was bathed in 5 .The elderly and those with impaired respiratory systems 6 . The death rate climbed as heat stress and smoke 7 . The average July temperature in Moscow was a scarcely believable 14 degrees Fahrenheit 8 . Twice during the heat wave, the Moscow temperature 9 Fahrenheit, a level Muscovites had never before 10 . Watching the heat wave play out over a seven-week period on the TV 11 , with the thousands of fires and the smoke everywhere, was like watching 12 that had no end. Russia"s 140 million people were 13 , traumatized by what was happening to them and their country.The most 14 in Russia"s 130 years of record keeping was taking a heavy economic toll. The loss of 15 and the projected cost of their restoration 16 some $300 billion. Thousands of farmers faced bankruptcy. Russia"s 17 shrank from nearly 100 million tons to scarcely 60 million tons as crops withered. Recently the world"s number three wheat exporter, Russia banned grain exports 18 to rein in soaring domestic food prices. Between mid-June and mid-August, the world price of wheat 19 . Prolonged drought and the worst heat wave in Russian history 20 worldwide.（分数：30.00）解析：heat wave [听力原文]In the summer of 2010, record-high temperatures hit Moscow. At first it was just another heat wave, but the scorching heat that started in late June continued through mid-August. Western Russia was so hot and dry in early August that 300 or 400 new fires were starting every day. Millions of acres of forest burned. So did thousands of homes. Crops withered. Day after day Moscow was bathed in seemingly endless smoke. The elderly and those with impaired respiratory systems struggled to breathe. The death rate climbed as heat stress and smoke took their toll. The average July temperature in Moscow was a scarcely believable 14 degrees Fahrenheit above the norm. Twice during the heat wave, the Moscow temperature exceeded 100 degrees Fahrenheit, a level Muscoviteshad never before experienced. Watching the heat wave play out over a seven-week period on the TV evening news, with the thousands of fires and the smoke everywhere, was like watching a horror film that had no end. Russia"s 140 million people were in shock, traumatized by what was happening to them and their country.The most intense heat in Russia"s 130 years of record keeping was taking a heavy economic toll. The loss of standing forests and the projected cost of their restoration totaled some $300 billion. Thousands of farmers faced bankruptcy. Russia"s grain harvest shrank from nearly 100 million tons to scarcely 60 million tons as crops withered. Recently the world"s number three wheat exporter, Russia banned grain exports in a desperate move to rein in soaring domestic food prices. Between mid-June and mid-August, the world price of wheat climbed 60 percent. Prolonged drought and the worst heat wave in Russian history were boosting food prices worldwide.解析：late June解析：so hot and dry解析：burned解析：seemingly endless smoke解析：struggled to breathe解析：took their toll解析：above the norm解析：exceeded 100 degrees解析：experienced解析：evening news解析：a movie解析：in shock解析：intense heat解析：standing forests解析：totaled解析：grain harvest解析：in a desperate move解析：climbed 60 percent解析：were boosting food prices三、B: Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Ⅰ. Statements(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）A.I"m pleased that George came to Italy with us.B.I"m sorry that George didn"t come to Italy with us. √C.I don"t think that George will go to Italy with us.D.I hope that George isn"t going to Italy with us.解析：[听力原文]Compared with the other countries we have visited on this trip, Italy is really a charming country to tourists. I wish George had come to Italy with us.A.Jane will arrive at 8:45.B.Jane will not arrive until 9:15. √C.Jane is not going to work.D.Jane usually arrives on time.解析：[听力原文]Although she is supposed to be at work by eight thirty, Jane usually turns up forty-five minutes late. The manager wants to talk to her about that.A.He lost his voice in arguing for the matter.B.He had no opinion whatever of the matter.C.He had little idea of what the matter was about.D.He had no say whatever in the matter. √解析：[听力原文]As a member of the board of the multinational company, he had no voice at all in the matter, though he little realized it.A.I feel sleepy because of the medicine I"m taking. √B.The doctor hasn"t been able to help me.C.The doctor advised me to get more sleep.D.I think I should ask the doctor to give me more medicine.解析：[听力原文]The medicine the doctor gave me seems to have helped, but it"s making me awfully drowsy when I"m working in the office.A.I"m satisfied with my current schedule.B.I should design a new work schedule.C.My workload is extremely heavy as it is. √D.My work schedule has put me to a lot of trouble.解析：[听力原文]I"ve tried changing my work schedule several times, but in vain. No matter how I changed my schedule, there didn"t seem to be enough time to finish all.（分数：5.00）A.You should resist in face of a robber"s threat.B.You must not fight when your life is not threatened. √C.The robber will run away when you fight back.D.The robber will threaten your life if you show your weakness.解析：[听力原文]If a robber threatens you at home or on the street, try not to resist unless you feel that your life is in danger and you must fight or run away.A.Development plans will be reviewed at our next meeting. √B.Our next meeting will be scheduled at 10 a.m. May 9.C.Contracts will be crossed off from our next meeting.D.More than two items will be discussed at our next meeting.解析：[听力原文]Our next meeting will be May 10 at 9 a. m., at which development plans will be examined. Soon after this, contracts will be drawn up.A.Jack will not make the agreement to share profits.B.Profits from the product will be divided between Susan and Jack.C.It"s difficult for Susan to make an agreement with Jack.D.Susan will not share profits with Jack unless he promotes the product. √解析：[听力原文]Susan wants to make an agreement with Jack to share profits from the product if Jack will promote it.A.Many tourists like the places with the French colonial influence.B.The menu features the Vietnamese and French styles. √C.French cuisine is influenced by Vietnamese cuisine.D.Vietnam attracts a lot of French tourists.解析：[听力原文]In those restaurants, many tourists like the menu that blends the cuisine of Vietnam with the French colonial influence.A.A larger European Union is sure to face more differences. √B.The member countries will help the European Union solve differences.C.It is inevitable that the European Union will get bigger.D.The European Union is likely to settle differences if it gets bigger.解析：[听力原文]The bigger the European Union gets, the more inevitable will be differences between the member countries.五、Ⅱ. Talks and Conversatio ns(总题数：5，分数：20.00)（分数：4.00）A.He arrived too early for the appointment.B.He missed the early bus.C.He went to a wrong address.D.He felt very bad when he got up. √解析：[听力原文]F: Next patient, please! ... Come in.M: Good morning, doctor. Sorry I"m a hit late, hut I felt really awful when I got up.F: Don"t worry. It"s Mr. Barnes, isn"t it?M: That"s right.F: Is that B-A-R-N-E-S?M: Yes, it is.F: Right, now what seems to be the trouble?M: Well, I"ve had this awful flu and a terrible cough.F: I see. How long have you been feeling like this?M: Oh, about three or four days, I suppose.F: And have you been taking any medication?M: Just the normal things. Aspirins, lemon and hot drinks, but it hasn"t done any good.F: Are you a smoker?M: No. I gave up three years ago.F: Have you had a temperature?M: Yes. For the last couple of days or so.F: OK. I"ll just take a look at your chest. Take off your jacket and pullover please. ...Right. Now breathe in...and out slowly. And again. Good. Once more. That"s it. Put your clothes back on.M: Thank you.F: Well, it looks as if you"ve got a touch of bronchitis. I"ll give you some cough mixture and a prescription for a course of antibiotics as well. Take one capsule every 8 hours for the next five days.M: OK, doctor. What about going to work?F: No. You"ll have to spend a couple of days in bed till it clears up.What was the trouble with the man?A.Because he was late for the appointment. √B.Because he was going to bother the other speaker.C.Because he wasn"t sure what was wrong with him.D.Because he said something improper.解析：[听力原文]Why did he apologize?A.A weak heart.B.A headache.C.Pneumonia.D.Bronchitis. √解析：[听力原文]What was the man most probably suffering from?A.Three days.B.Four days.C.Five days. √D.Six days.解析：[听力原文]For how long did the doctor suggest the man take antibiotics?（分数：4.00）A.At 12:01 a.m.B.At 4:00 a.m.C.At 6:00 a.m. √D.At 8:00 a.m.解析：[听力原文]The day after Thanksgiving has become America"s wildest shopping day. Closed all day on Thursday, chain stores all across the nation open early on Friday. Some stores open at 12:01 Friday morning, while others open at 4 a.m. Some "sleepyhead" stores, like Target this year, don"t open their doors on Friday until 6 a.m. From Friday to the day before Christmas, this is the season when businesses make as much as 25 percent of their annual revenue. This season puts many businesses "in the black"—that is, into profitability—for the year.Reporters from local TV stations interview people who camp out in front of stores a day or two before the doors open on Friday. These people patiently wait in line to get products that are discounted 50 percent or more."Oh, we have fun," said one camper. "We bring games to play, we watch TV and order lots of pizza, and we meet interesting people. And, most important of all, we save big bucks!" The catch, of course, is that only a very small number of products are available at the largest discounts. Regardless, each store has plenty of other items that are reduced from 10 to 50 percent—saving shoppers from $10 to $400 per item—to entice Americans to shop.Not all Americans appreciate this frenzy of shopping. William Graham, pastor of the Church of the Risen Jesus, wants to rename Black Friday. "We want to call it Remember Jesus Friday. People should start the season with the right attitude. Christmas time has become a Season of Shopping. We want to make it a Season of Giving. And we don"t mean giving iPods, DVDs, flat screen TVs, and other crap. We mean giving your back, your mind, and your hands. Help an old lady clean up her house. Teach a kid how to read. Visit sick people in the hospital or in nursing homes. Pick up the trash in your neighborhood. Give blood to the Red Cross. Do volunteer work for charities. Celebrate Christmas by remembering Jesus and forgetting Santa Claus."What time do some "sleepyhead" stores open their doors on the day after Thanksgiving?A.Because they want to get products discounted 50% or more. √B.Because they want to camp in front of the store to play games.C.Because they can meet interesting friends there.D.Because they can save more than $400.解析：[听力原文]Why do many people wait a day or two outside the store before that Friday?A.It should be a season of shopping gifts for families and friends.B.It should be a season of giving and taking.C.It should be a season of helping others. √D.It should be a season of remembering Santa Claus.解析：[听力原文]What should be Thanksgiving season like according to William Graham?A.William Graham thinks Christmas season has been commercialized.B.Shoppers may spend as much as $400 on Friday after Thanksgiving. √C.Discounted items are available in stores during this season.D.Many businesses rely on Black Friday to make more profits.解析：[听力原文]Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the report?（分数：4.00）A.Because he plans to work for a national company.B.Because he wants Jenny to give him some advice. √C.Because Jenny speaks good English.D.Because Jenny often attends interviews in English.解析：[听力原文]George: Hi Jenny. I"m thinking of applying for a job with a multinational company, but I"m worried about having an interview in English. Can you give me arty good tips?Jenny: Hmmm. I guess the first thing is to try to make a good impression. We often say, "you never get a second chance to make a first impression".George: That sounds like good advice. But how do I make a good first impression?Jenny: To begin with, you should firmly shake the interviewer"s hand while greeting him or her with a smile. Be sure to keep eye contact, especially when listening to the interviewer. George: Ah, "body language" is really important, isn"t it?Jenny: Yes, it is. The second thing is to have confidence. You get confidence from being prepared. You should learn about the company before the interview and find out what they do, how long they"ve been in business, and what their business motto is, that kind of thing. You should also anticipate possible questions, and think about how you will answer them.George: Should I memorize my answers beforehand?Jenny: No! That may sound mechanical. You should be natural when you speak. Just think about how you want to answer, and choose the right words. That way, you can use the interviewer"s words in your answer, which shows you"ve been listening. Then you"re sure to make a good impression. George: I never thought about that before. You"re really smart, Jenny! But what should I do if I can"t remember an English word when I"m answering a question?Jenny: In that ease, you have to paraphrase. In other words, you have to explain what you want to say. For example, if you forget the word "manufacturing", you can say "making a product" instead. George: That"s very helpful, Jenny. Thanks so much. Ah, one more thing. Should I ask about the salary during the interview?Jenny: No, either let them bring up the topic of money, or else wait for a second interview. If you prepare well, make a good first impression, have confidence, and use English naturally, you"re almost certain to be interviewed again. Good luck!Why does George want to talk to Jenny?A.Shaking hands firmly with interviewers.B.Smiling while greeting the interviewer.C.Keeping eye contact during the interview.D.Memorizing answers beforehand. √解析：[听力原文]Which of the following will not make a good impression on the interviewee?A.Prepare a quick speech to show your confidence.B.Find out as much as possible about the company. √C.Guess the interviewer"s questions and memorize your answers.e some appropriate body language.解析：[听力原文]What preparations should be made before the interview according to Jenny?A.Asking about the salary. √B.Trying to be confident.ing interviewer"s words when answering questions.D.Paraphrasing some words to explain what you want to say.解析：[听力原文]What behavior is considered inappropriate for the interview?（分数：4.00）A.Single-sex schools. √B.Co-educational schools.C.Public schools.D.Famous schools.解析：[听力原文]When you stop and think about your high school or college you have graduated from, were your experiences more positive or negative? Do your feelings of success or failure in that school have anything to do with whether or not your school was single-sex or coeducational? Today, more and more Americans are electing to send their children to single-sex schools because they feel both boys and girls blossom when they study in the company of students of the same sex. They tend to achieve more.For years, only parents who could afford to send their children to private schools, or who had strong religious or cultural reasons, chose single-sex education for their children. For example, Catholic families often sent their children to church schools. Since U. S. public schools are, by law, coeducational and free, single-sex schooling was out of reach for most American families. Today, however, along with costly private schools, public schools are experimenting with the idea of separating the sexes. However, because public schools are not allowed to discriminate on the basis of sex, they have been denied federal support.Girls may be the ones who benefit most from single-sex schooling. Studies have shown that many girls get disappointed in coed classrooms because teachers sometimes pay more attention to boys. Girls" positive, enthusiastic attitude toward their studies tends to disappear as they begin to feel less successful. They start to watch their male peers outperform them in math and science. As boys begin to gain confidence, girls start to lose it. Moreover, adolescence is such a fragile time for girls. As they experience adolescent changes, some girls become depressed, develop an addiction, or suffer from an obsession with weight.To what kind of school do more and more American parents choose to send their children?A.They will be banned from enrollment.B.They will risk losing students.C.They will be denied federal support. √D.They will rank low among schools.解析：[听力原文]What will happen to public schools if they experiment with the idea of separating the sexes?A.Sometimes teachers pay more attention to boys.B.Male students outperform them in math and science.C.Girls start to lose confidence when boys begin to gain it.D.Boys make trouble for them and put them in a fragile condition. √解析：[听力原文]What is NOT a disadvantage for girls in co-educational schooling?A.Romance. √B.Depression.C.Addiction.D.Weight obsession.解析：[听力原文]Which of the following is NOT mentioned as adolescent changes that girl students experience? （分数：4.00）A.The present apartment is noisy.B.The present apartment is not bright.C.The present apartment is far from the university. √D.The present apartment gets no sunshine.解析：[听力原文]Alex: I think I really need to move, Linda. This apartment is too noisy and too dark. There are so many cars going by, but no sun comes through the windows. Do you think it would be easy for me to find a better apartment?Linda: Sure. There are lots of apartments available at this time of year. Which part of the city would you like to live in?Alex: I"d like to stay on the west side, near our university, but I"d also like an apartment near the subway.Linda: Maybe you should consider the Park area. It"s a very convenient location.Alex: Yeah, it sounds good. It"s also near the shopping mall and not far from the airport. Linda: Next you have to think about rent. What price range are you thinking about?Alex: Well, I really can"t pay around 4,500 RMB a month, but I"d like to pay 3,000 if possible. Linda: I think 3,000 is possible if you have a roommate. You could share an apartment with a college student, or maybe a young clerk.Alex: That might be interesting, but I really like my privacy. I need to study Chinese in a quiet place and also sleep in peace every night.Linda: Maybe it"s best for you to pay a little bit more for your own apartment. So, the next step is to decide what kind of apartment you want—how many rooms, what kind of furnishings, stuff like that.Alex: I don"t need any special furnishings, but I certainly want a southern exposure. I like to have a bright, sunny room. One bedroom and one living room is enough, but I really want to have a balcony.Linda: Maybe we"ll get lucky and find something bigger but not expensive. Let"s wait and see. Alex: Okay, now that I know what I want, what do I have to do to actually find an apartment? Linda: I"ll look through some advertisements and make some phone calls. Then we can go check out the ones that sound good.Which of the following is NOT a reason for Alex to look for a new apartment?A.Furnishings. √B.Surrounding.C.Exposure.D.Location.解析：[听力原文]For a new apartment, which is not important to Alex?A.2,500 RMB.B.3,000 RMB. √C.4,500 RMB.D.5,000 RMB.解析：[听力原文]What is the highest rent Alex can possibly afford to pay?A.Find a small apartment.B.Find a one-bedroom apartment.C.Find an apartment with special furnishings.D.Find a young person to share an apartment. √解析：[听力原文]What suggestion does Linda offer to help Alex save money?六、C: Listening Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Ⅰ. Sectence Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences only once. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences only once. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.（分数：20.00）(1).______（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：当你购买的东西送到家时应当检查一下，如果发现问题与商家联系，你有权利要求调换或者退款。

(A)上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试英译中经济科技(一)(总分：100.04，做题时间：90分钟)一、试题1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Japan"s once enviable jobless rate will soar to double-digit levels if—and the warning is a big one—firms opt for drastic Western-style layoffs to boost profits. While Japan"s lifetime employment system is visibly unravelling, many economists still doubt whether a scenario of soaring joblessness will occur, given that economic incentives to slash payrolls clash with social and political pressures to save jobs. A kinder, gentler approach to restructuring would soften the social instability many fear would result from doubling the jobless rate, already at a record high.531Critics believe it would also cap gains in profit margins and stifle economic vitality, especially in the absence of bold steps to open the door to new growth, industries. Some economists believe different methods of counting mean Japan"s jobless rate is already close to 7 per cent by United States standards, not that far from the 7.8 per cent peak hit in the US in 1992 when it began to emerge from a two-year slump.（分数：20.00）(1).Japan"s once enviable jobless rate will soar to double-digit levels if-and the warning isa big one-firms opt for drastic Western-style layoffs to boost profits.（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：如果日本各公司效仿西方国家，通过大幅裁员来增加利润，日本一度令人羡慕的低失业率将飙升至两位数，这不是耸人听闻。

全国英语等级考试第⼀级2016年3⽉笔试真卷（附答案）全国英语等级考试第⼀级PUBLIC ENGLISH TEST SYSTEM (PETS)LEVEL 12 0 1 6年3⽉笔试真卷笔试部分答题时间：90分钟第⼀部分听⼒第⼀节图⽚判断在本节中，你将听到l0个句⼦，每句话配有A.、B.、C.三幅图⽚，请选择与句⼦内容相符合的⼀幅图⽚，并标在试卷的相应位置。

每句话后有10秒钟的停顿，以便选择图⽚并看下⼀组图⽚。

每句话读两遍。

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.第⼆节对话应答在本节中，你将听到l0个话语，请从A.、B.、C.三个选项中选出⼀个最佳答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。

每个话语后有l0秒钟的停顿，以便选择答案和阅读下⼀个⼩题的选项。

每个话语读两遍。

11.A. I'm very well.B. It's 62558789.C. That's good.12. A. Come in, please.B. It' s nothing.C. oh, sorry.13. A. of course.B. I'm ok.C. Thanks.14. A. You' re welcome.B. Yes, you can.C. Very good.15. A. All right.B. It's kind.C. It's Monday.16. A. It's6:00 a.m.B. It's snowing.C. I'd like to drink.17. A. Sorry, I can't.B. Yes, certainly.C. Not very good.18. A. He's busy.B. Thank you.C. All right.19. A. Drive a car.B. About 30 minutes.C. By air.20. A. What can I do for you?B. Eight people.C. Certainly.第三节对话理解在本节中，你将听到l0段对话，每段对话有⼀个问题。

上海高级口译英译汉真题2016年3月(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)英译汉1.In barely one generation we’ve moved from exulting in the time-saving devices that have so expanded our lives to trying to get away from them-often in order to make more time. The more ways we have to connect, the more many of us seem desperate to unplug. Like teenagers, we appear to have gone from knowing nothing about the world to knowing too much all but overnight.The average American teenager sends or receives 75 text messages a day. Since luxury, as any economist will tell you, is a function of scarcity, the children of tomorrow will crave nothing more than freedom, if only for a short while, from all the blinking machines, streaming videos and scrolling headlines that leave them feeling empty and too full all at once.The urgency of slowing down — to find the time and space tothink — is nothing new, of course, and wiser souls have always reminded us that the more attention we pay to the moment, the less time and energy we have to place it in some larger context. “Distraction is the only thing that consoles us for miseries.” the French philosopher Blaise Pascal wrote in the 17th century.” and yet it is itself the greatest of our miseries. “ He also famously remarked that all of man’s **e from his inability to sit quietly in a room alone.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI分值: 100答案:过去，我们因使用生活中无处不在的节时设备而欣喜若狂，但仅仅一代之隔，我们却又由于希望能更多利用时间而对它们敬而远之。