计导论专业词汇对照表

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(Key words & terms for chapter 1)application software: 应用软件basic application: 基本应用软件communication device: 通讯设备compact disc(CD): 紧凑格式盘computer competency: 计算机技能connectivity: 连通, 连通性data: 数据database file: 数据库文件desktop computer: 台式计算机device driver: 设备驱动程序digital versatile (video) disc: DVD, 数字式通用盘document file: 文档文件end user: 终端用户floppy disk: 软盘handheld computer: 手提电脑hard disk: 硬盘hardware: 硬件information: 信息information system: 信息系统information technology: IT, 信息技术input device: 输入设备Internet: 互联网keyboard: 键盘mainframe computer: 大型机memory: 内存microcomputer:微型计算机microprocessor: 微处理器midrange computer: 中型机minicomputer: 小型机modem (modulator & demodulator): 调制解调器monitor: 监视器mouse: 鼠标network: 网络notebook computer:笔记本电脑operating system (OS): 操作系统optical disk: 光盘output device: 输出设备palm computer: 掌上电脑personal digital assistant(PDA): 个人数字化助理presentation file: 演示文稿primary storage: 主存printer: 打印机procedures: 过程/用户文档program: 程序random access memory(RAM): 可读写内存/随机存储器secondary storage: 辅助存储器service program: 服务程序software: 软件special-purpose application: 专用应用软件supercomputer: 超级计算机system software: 系统软件system unit: 系统单元tablet PC: 带手写板的笔记本电脑utility: 工具软件Web: 网wireless revolution: 无线(通讯)革命(Key words & terms for chapter 2)address: 地址Advance Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET): 高级研究项目代理网络applets: Java程序attachment: 附件auction house site: 拍卖网站browser: 浏览器business-to-business (B2B): 商家对商家business-to-consumer (B2C): 商家对消费者cable: 电缆carder: 信用卡盗用者Center for European Nuclear Research (CERN): 欧洲核能源研究中心computer virus: 计算机病毒consumer-to-consumer (C2C): 消费者对消费者dial-up: 拨号digital cash: 电子货币directory search: 目录搜索domain name: 域名downloading: 下载DSL: 美国网络公司e-commerce:电子商务e-learning: 网络学习electronic commerce: 电子商务electronic mail: 电子邮件e-mail: 电子邮件file transfer protocol (FTP): 文件传输协议filter: 过滤器friend: 好友header: 邮件头hit: 点击Hyperlink: 超文本链接Hypertext Markup language (HTML): 超文本标记语言instant messaging (IM): 即时消息Internet: 互联网Internet security suite: 网络安全包Internet Service Provider (ISP) : 网络服务供应商Java: 一种高级语言keyword search: 关键词搜索link: 链接location: 位置(地址)message: 消息metasearch engine: 元搜索引擎national service provider: 国家网络服务中心online: 在线online banking: 网络银行online shopping: 网络购物online stock trading: 网上股票交易person-to-person auction site: 个人对个人拍卖网站plug-in: 插件protocol: 协议search engine: 搜索引擎search service: 搜索服务signature line: 落款social networking: 社会网络spam: 垃圾邮件spam blocker:垃圾邮件拦截器specialized search engine: 专用搜索引擎spider: 代理程序subject: 主题surf: (网上)冲浪top-level domain: 顶层域名Uniform resource locator (URL): 统一资源定位universal instant messenger:通用即时消息软件uploading: 上载Web: 万维网Web auction: 网上拍卖Web-based application:网络应用软件Web-based services:Web 服务Web master:网管Web page: 网页Web utility: 网络工具wireless modem: 无线modemwireless service provider: 无线网络服务中心(Key words & terms for chapter 3)analytical graph: 分析图application software: 应用软件AutoContent wizard: 内容提示向导basic application: 通用软件bulleted list: 带标注段落business suite: 商用套件button:按钮cell: 单元格character effect: 文字效果chart: 图表column:列,栏computer trainer:计算机培训师contextual tab: 文本标签database:数据库database management system (DBMS):数据库管理系统database manager:数据库管理系统design template:设计模板dialog box:对话框document:文本editing:编辑field:域find and replace:查找替换font:字体font size:字号form:表format:格式formula:公式function:函数galleries:图片库grammar checker:语法检查器graphical user interface (GUI):图形用户界面home software:家用版软件home suite:家用套件icons:图标integrated package:集成软件包label:标签master slide:主幻灯片menu:菜单menu bar:菜单栏numbered list:编号序列numeric entry:数字栏personal software:个人版软件personal suite:个人套件pointer:指针presentation graphic:演示图形productivity suite:商用套件query:查询range:一组连续的单元格recalculation:再计算record:记录relational database:关系数据库report:报表ribbons:ribbon 功能区row:行sheet:工作表slide:幻灯片software suite:套装软件sort:排序specialized applications:专用软件specialized suite:专用软件套件speech recognition:语音识别spelling checker:拼写检查器spread sheet:电子表格system software:系统软件table:表格text entry:文本栏thesaurus:辞典toolbar:工具栏user interface:用户界面utility suite:工具套件what-if analysis:推测分析window:窗口word processor:文字处理器word wrap:文字回环/自动换行workbook file:工作表文件worksheet:工作表,电子表格(Key words & terms for chapter 4)animation: 动画artificial intelligence:人工智能artificial reality:虚拟现实audio editing software:声音编辑软件bitmap image:位图图像blog:博客button:按钮clip art:剪贴画desktop publisher:桌面排版软件desktop publishing program:桌面排版软件drawing program:绘画软件expert systems:专家系统flash:动画制作软件fuzzy logic:模糊逻辑graphical map:网页设计结构图graphics suite:图形包HTML editor:HTML编辑软件illustration program: 绘图软件image editors:图像编辑软件image gallery:图像收藏immersive experience:沉浸式体验industrial robot:工业机器人interactivity:交互性knowledge base:知识库knowledge-based system:知识系统link:链接mobile robot:移动机器人Morphing:图像渐变效果multimedia:多媒体multimedia authoring program:多媒体制作软件page layout program: 排版软件perception system robot:感知系统机器人photo editors:照片编辑器pixel:象素raster image:光栅图像robot:机器人robotics:机器人学stock photographs:库存图片story board:网页设计脚本vector :向量/矢量vector illustration:矢量插画vector image:矢量图video editing software:视频编辑软件virtual environment:虚拟环境virtual reality:虚拟现实virtual reality modeling language (VRML):虚拟现实建模语言virtual reality wall:虚拟现实墙VR:虚拟现实Web authoring:网页制作Web authoring programs:网页制作软件Web page editor:网页编辑软件(Key words & terms for chapter 5)Add Printer Wizard: 打印机添加程序antivirus utility :防病毒工具backup:备份backup program:备份软件Boot Camp:BC 软件(使苹果机可使用Windows系统)booting:启动cold boot:冷启动computer support specialist:计算机系统维护专家Dashboard Widgets:苹果机软件包desktop:台式机desktop operating system :桌面操作系统device driver:设备驱动程序diagnostic utility:诊断工具dialog box:对话框Disk cleanup:磁盘清理Disk defragmenter:磁盘碎片整理工具embedded operating system:嵌入式操作系统file:文件file compression program:文件压缩工具folder:文件夹fragmented:碎化graphical user interface (GUI):图形用户界面Help:帮助icon:图标language translator:翻译程序Leopard:苹果机软件LinuxMac OSMac OS Xmenu:菜单multitasking:多任务network operating system (NOS) : 网络操作系统network server:网络服务器One Button Checkup:一种系统工具软件operating system:操作系统platform:平台pointer:指针sectors:扇区software environment:软件环境Spotlight:苹果机软件stand-alone operating system:个人操作系统system software:系统软件tracks:磁道troubleshooting program:故障诊断软件uninstall utility:卸载工具UNIX:一种网络操作系统user interface:用户界面utility:工具软件utility suite:工具软件包virus:病毒warm boot:热启动window:窗口WindowsWindows Add Printer Wizard: Windows打印机添加程序Windows Update: Windows升级程序Windows XP(Key words & terms for chapter 6)AC adapter:交流适配器accelerated graphics port (AGP):加速图形端口analog:模拟信号Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU):算术逻辑单元arithmetic operation:算术运算ASCII:一种八位键盘符号编码binary coding scheme:二进制编码方案binary system:二进制系统bit:二进制位bus:总线bus line:总线bus width:总线宽度byte:字节cable:电缆cache memory:高速缓冲存储器carrier package:载体Central Processing Unit(CPU):中央处理器chip:芯片clock speed:时钟速度complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS):互补金属氧化半导体computer technician:计算机技术人员control unit:控制单元coprocessor: 协处理器desktop system unit:台式机系统单元digital:数字式dial-core chip:双核芯片EBCDIC:一种八位键盘符号编码expansion bus:扩展总线expansion card:扩展卡expansion slot:扩展槽FireWire bus:火线总线FireWire port:火线端口flash memory:闪存graphics card:图形卡graphics coprocessor:图形协处理器handheld computer system unit:掌上型计算机系统单元industry standard architecture(ISA):工业标准体系结构Infrared Data Association (IrDA):红外线传输器标准组织integrated circuit:集成电路laptop:膝上型计算机logical operation:逻辑运算memory:内存microprocessor:微处理器modem card: modem卡motherboard:主板Musical Interface Digital Interface (Music Instrument Data Interface, MIDI):乐器数字界面network adapter card:网络适配卡network interface card (NIC):网络接口卡notebook system unit:笔记本电脑系统单元parallel port:并行端口parallel processing:并行处理PC card: PC卡PCI Express : 快速PCIperipheral component interconnect (PCI) :外围设备连接端口Personal digital assistant (PDA):个人数字化助理Plug and Play:即插即用port:端口power supply unit:供电单元processor:处理器random-access memory (RAM):可读写内存read-only memory (ROM):只读内存RFID tag:RFID 标签semiconductor:半导体serial port:串行端口silicon chip:硅芯片slot:插槽smart card:智能卡socket:插口sound card:声卡system board:系统板system bus:系统总线system cabinet:机箱system clock:系统时钟system unit:系统单元tablet PC system unit: tablet PC 系统单元TV tuner card:电视调协卡unicode:十六位字符编码universal serial bus (USB):通用串行总线universal serial bus (USB) port:通用串行总线端口virtual memory:虚拟内存word:字(Key words & terms for chapter 7)active matrix monitor:主动矩阵监视器bar code:条形码bar code reader: 条形码读码器bar code scanner:条形码扫描仪cathode ray tube monitor (CRT):阴极射线管监视器clarity:清晰度combination key:组合键cordless mouse:无线鼠标data projector:数字投影仪digital camera:数字相机digital media player: 数字媒体播放器digital music player: 数字音乐播放器digital video camera:数字摄像机display screen: 显示屏dot-matrix printer:点阵式打印机dot pitch:点距dots-per-inch (dpi):每英寸点数dual-scan monitor:整体扫描显示器dumb terminal:哑终端e-book:电子图书ergonomic keyboard: 保健键盘fax (facsimile) machine:传真机flat-panel monitor:平板显示器flatbed scanner:平板式扫描仪flexible keyboard: 便携式键盘handwriting recognition software: 手写识别软件Headphones:耳机high-definition television (HDTV):高清电视ink-jet printer:喷墨式打印机intelligent terminal:智能终端Internet telephone:网络电话Internet telephony:网络电话传输IP Telephony:网络电话传输joystick:游戏杆keyboard:键盘laser printer:激光打印机light pen:光笔liquid crystal display (LCD):液晶显示器magnetic card reader: 磁卡读卡机Magnetic-ink character recognition (MICR):磁墨符号识别mechanical mouse:机械鼠标monitor:监视器mouse:鼠标mouse pointer:鼠标指针multifunction device (MFD):多功能设备network terminal:网络终端numeric keypad:数字键区optical character recognition (OCR):光学符号识别optical-mark recognition (OMR):光学标记识别optical mouse:光电鼠标optical scanner:光学扫描仪passive-matrix monitor:被动矩阵监视器PDA keyboard: PDA键盘personal laser printer:个人激光打印机photo printer:照片打印机pixel (picture element):象素pixel pitch: 象素点距platform scanner:平板扫描仪plotter:绘图仪pointing stick: 点击杆portable printer: 便携式打印机portable scanner: 便携式扫描仪printer:打印机radio frequency card reader: 无线电频卡读卡机radio frequency identification (RFID):无线电频识别refresh rate:刷新率resolution:分辨率roller ball:滚动球shared laser printer: 共享式激光打印机speakers:扬声器stylus: 尖笔(用于输入)technical writer: 技术文档制作者telephony:电话学,电话传输terminal:终端thermal printer:热感式打印机thin client:网络终端thin film transistor monitor (TFT):主动矩阵显示器toggle key:触发键touch pad:触摸板touch screen:触摸屏trackball:轨迹球traditional keyboard: 传统键盘Universal Product Code (UPC):通用产品代码voice-over IP (V oIP):网络电话传输voice recognition system:语音识别系统wand reader:条形码识别器WebCam:网络摄像机wheel button: (鼠标)滚轮wireless mouse:无线鼠标access speed: 读写速度Blu-Ray (BR): 蓝光capacity: 容量CD (compact disc): 紧凑格式盘CD-R (CD-recordable): 可写CD(一次)CD-ROM (compact disc-read only memory): 只读CD CD-ROM jukebox: CD-ROM光盘库CD-RW (compact disc rewritable): 可擦写CD(多次)cylinder: 柱面density: 密度direct access: 直接读写disk caching: 磁盘高速缓冲DVD (digital versatile disc or digital video disc): 数字式通用盘DVD player: DVD播放器DVD-R or DVD+R (DVD recordable): 一次性刻录格式DVD-RAM (DVD-random-access memory):可读写DVDDVD-ROM (digital versatile disc-read only memory): 只读DVDDVD-RW or DVD+RW (DVD rewritable): 可擦写DVD enterprise storage system: 大型存储系统Erasable optical disk: 可擦写光盘file compression: 文件压缩file decompression: 文件解压file server: 文件服务器flash memory card: 闪存卡floppy disk: 软盘floppy disk cartridge: 大容量软盘floppy disk drive (FDD): 软盘驱动器hard disk: 硬盘hard-disk cartridge: 移动式硬盘hard-disk pack: 硬盘盘组HD DVD (high-definition DVD): 高清DVDhead crash: 读写头损坏hi def (high definition): 高清internal hard disk: 内置式硬盘Internet hard drive:在线存储器label: 标签land: 平面magnetic tape: 磁带magnetic tape reel: 磁带卷magnetic tape streamer: 流式磁带mass storage: 海量存储mass storage devices: 海量存储设备media: 介质optical disk: 光盘optical disk drive: 光盘驱动器organizational Internet storage: 高速网络存储PC Card hard disk: PC卡式硬盘pit: 光盘凹陷处primary storage: 主存RAID system: 冗余阵列盘系统redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID): 冗余阵列盘secondary storage: 辅助存储器secondary storage device: 辅助存储设备sector: 扇区sequential access: 顺序读写shutter: 磁盘读写口software engineer: 软件工程师solid-state storage: 固态存储器storage devices: 存储设备tape cartridge: 磁带盒tape library:磁带库track: 磁道USB drive: USB驱动器write-protection notch: 写保护口application generator: 代码生成器assembly language: 汇编语言beta testing: beta 测试code: 代码coding: 编码compiler: 编译器computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools: 计算机辅助软件工程工具debugging: 调试desk checking: 桌面检测DO UNTIL structure: 一种循环结构DO UNTILDO WHILE structure:一种循环结构DO WHILE documentation: 文档化fifth-generation language (5GL): 第五代语言formatting language: 格式化语言fourth-generation language (4GL): 第四代语言generation: 代,级higher level: 高级IF-THEN-ELSE structure: 分支结构IFPS (interactive financial planning system): 交互式财务策划系统interpreter: 解释器levels: 层次,级logic error: 逻辑错logic structure: 逻辑结构loop structure: 循环结构lower level: 低级machine language: 机器语言maintenance programmer: 维护程序员markup language: 标记语言module: 模块natural language: 自然语言object: 对象object code: 对象代码object-oriented programming (OOP): 面向对象程序设计object-oriented software development: 面向对象软件开发objectives: 目标,对象operators: 操作员portable language: 可移植语言problem-oriented language: 面向问题语言procedural language: 过程语言program: 程序program analysis: 程序分析program coder: 代码生成器program definition: 程序定义program design: 程序设计program documentation: 程序文档program flowchart: 程序流程图program maintenance: 程序维护program modules: 程序模块program specification: 程序说明programmer: 程序员programming: 编程,程序设计programming language: 程序设计语言pseudo-code: 伪码query language: 查询语言selection structure: 选择结构sequence structure: 顺序结构software development: 软件开发software engineer: 软件工程source code: 源代码structured program: 结构化程序structured programming techniques: 结构化程序设计技术syntax error: 语法错third generation language (3GL) : 第三代语言top-down program design: 自上而下程序设计user: 用户very high level language: 超高级语言visual programming language: 可视化程序设计语言。