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新译林英语中考一轮复习课外趣味阅读及练习题（五）课外趣味阅读同义词趣味巧辨析advice, opinion, progposal, suggestion, recommendation, view这些名词均含“意见、建议”之意。
advice ：普通用词，侧重依据个人经验、学识和正确判断而提出的忠言。
opinion ：日常用词，泛指对某事物的想法和意见。
progposal ：指正式提出来供研究、采纳或实行的建议。
suggestion ：普通用词，语气比advice婉转客气，也不如proposal 正式。
着重为改进工作、解决困难等提出的建议，有时含所提建议不一定正确，仅供参考的意味。
recommendation ：指在自己经历的基础上而提出的有益建议、意见或忠告。
view ：侧重指对重大的或引起公众关注的问题所持的看法和态度。
aeroplane, airplane, aircraft, plane, jet, helicopter这些名词均有“飞机”之意。
aeroplane和airplane专指普通飞机，不包括helicopter(直升飞机)。
aeroplane为英国英语的拼法。
airplane ：为美国英语的用词。
aircraft ：常用作集体名词，也可指一架飞机，其含义包括直升飞机和飞艇等。
plane ：本义为“平面”，在航空专业里通常用aeroplane。
plane 较通俗用词。
jet ：指喷气式飞机，也用jet plane。
helicopter ：指直升飞机。
幽默故事Early ShopperIt was Christmas and the judge was in a benevolent mood as he questio ned the prisoner. "What are you charged with?" he asked."Doing my christmas shopping early," replied the defendant."That's no offense," replied the judge, "How early were you doing this shopping?" "Before the store opened," countered the prisoner.采购过早那天是圣诞节，法官在审讯犯人时也有点恻隐之心。
新译林7AUNIT3英语课外趣味阅读及练习题课外趣味阅读同义词趣味巧辨析able, capable, competent这些形容词均含有“有能力的，能干的”之意able ：最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指多方面的，经常性的，或潜在性的能力。
有时也指高超、非凡的能力。
capable ：语气弱于able，指有能力、有潜力或有条件做某事，常与of连用。
competent ：强调具有能胜任某项工作的足够技能或其它所需的条件。
幽默故事First FlightMr. Johnson had never been up in an aerophane before and he had reada lot about air accidents, so one day when a friend offered to take him for a ride in his own small phane, Mr. Johnson was very worried about acce pting. Finally, however, his friend persuaded him that it was very safe, and Mr. Johnson boarded the plane.His friend started the engine and began to taxi onto the runway of the air port. Mr. Johnson had heard that the most dangerous part of a flight were the take-off and the landing, so he was extremely frightened and closed his eyes.After a minute or two he opened them again, looked out of the windowof the plane, and said to his friend, "Look at those people down there. Th ey look as small as ants, don't they?" "Those are ants," answered his frie nd. "We're still on the ground."第一次坐飞机约翰逊先生从前未乘过飞机，他读过许多关于飞行事故的报道。
新译林英语中考一轮复习课外趣味阅读及练习题（三）
课外趣味阅读
同义词趣味巧辨析
acquire, obtain, gain, get, win, earn, secure 这些动词均含"获得■取得.得到”之意。
acquire :强调通过不断的.持续的努力而获得某物f也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。
书面语用词。
obtain :较正式用词,着重通过巨大努力.要求而得到所需或
盼望已久的东西。
gain :侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。
get :普通用词,使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。
新译林英语中考一轮复习课外趣味阅读及练习题（二十）课外趣味阅读同义词趣味巧辨析6・ look f see f watch三者都有"看"的意思。
look 是看的过程。
I looked f but saw nothing ・我看了■但什么也没看见。
see是看的结果。
see a film看电影;see a play看戏（话剧）。
watch是看移动的事物或定晴地看。
watch a football match 看足球比赛。
watch TV看电视。
7.sometime; sometimes; some time; some timessometime是副词f可与过去时或将来时连用,表示“（在过去）某个时候"或"（在将来）某个时候"。
如：I saw him sometime in May0some time多数情况下作名词短语，意为”一些时间;一些时候“;它还可以作副词词组,用来表示一个未肯定的时刻,此时它可与sometime 互换。
如：I\'ll be away for some time osometimes是一个表示时间频率的副词，意为”有时候”。
如：Sometimes I help my mother with the housework osome times 是"几次、几倍”之意。
如:They have been there several times o8.how long, how often, how far f how soonhow long意为"多久、多长时间"注要是对一段时间进行提问, 答语通常是（for）three days/weeks/months等时间段,它可用于各种时态。
How long do you stay in Beijing every year?每年你在北京住多久？how often意为”多久……次.是否经常",用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是always usually f often f sometimes f once/twice a day/month 等。
新译林9AUNIT3英语课外趣味阅读及练习题课外趣味阅读圣诞节的习俗From the Old English ‘Cristes Mæsse’ ~ meaning the ‘mass of Christ’ ~ the story of Christmas begins with the birth of a babe in Bethlehem.圣诞节源自古英语‘Cristes Mæsse’～意即“基督的弥撒”～圣诞节的故事始于伯利恒一个婴儿的诞生。
Many Christmas customs are based on the birth of Christ. Such as giving presents because of the Wise Men, who brought presents to the baby Jesus. Christmas carols based on Christ's birth and scenes of the birth with figures of shepherds, the Wise Men, and animals surrounding the baby Jesus.许多圣诞节的风俗都基于基督诞生的传说。
譬如圣诞节互赠礼物的习俗就始于那几位贤者，他们给婴儿耶稣带了礼物。
圣诞颂歌也源于基督诞生，那一刻，牧羊人、贤者、和动物们环绕在小耶稣身边，景象动人。
(译者注：Wise-men，也作Magi、东方三博士等)But some of the ways people celebrate Christmas have nothing to do with Christ's birthday. Many bits of older holidays have crept into Christmas!但人们的一些庆祝方式其实和基督诞生没有任何关系。
新译林英语中考一轮复习课外趣味阅读及练习题（一）课外趣味阅读同义词趣味巧辨析accuse, charge这两个动词均有“指控、谴责”之意。
accuse ：普通用词，正式或非正式场合，私人或法律上均可用。
被指控的情节可轻可重。
常与of连用。
charge ：常与accuse换用，但charge多指较严重的错误或罪行，而且往往向法庭提出正式起诉。
ache, pain, sore这些名词均含有“疼、疼痛”之意。
ache ：指人体某一器官较持久的疼痛，常常是隐痛。
pain ：可与ache换用，但pain既可指一般疼痛，也可指剧痛，疼痛范围可以是局部或全身，时间可长可短。
也可引申指精神上的痛苦。
sore ：指身体某部位的痛处，有是也指精神上的痛苦。
幽默故事Sleeping PillsBob was having trouble getting to sleep at night. He went to see his doc tor, who prescribed some extra-strong sleeping pills.Sunday night Bob took the pills, slept well and was awake before he he ard the alarm. He took his time getting to the office, strolled in and said to his boss: "I didn't have a bit of trouble getting up this morning." "That's fine," roared the boss, "but where were you Monday and Tuesd ay?"安眠药鲍勃晚上失眠。
他去看医生，医生给他开了一些强力安眠药。
新译林9BUNIT3英语课外趣味阅读及练习题课外趣味阅读同义词趣味巧辨析accumulate, amass, collect, gather, heap, pile这些动词均含“积聚，聚集，积累”之意。
accumulate ：几乎可用于指任何事物量的增加，侧重连续不断地，一点一滴地聚积。
amass ：着重大量地积聚，尤指对如金钱、珠宝等有价值东西的大量积聚。
collect ：普通用词，多用于指物，侧重指有区别地作选择或有安排有计划地把零散物集中起来。
gather ：普通用词，指人或物或抽象事物都可用。
侧重于围绕一个中心的集合、聚集。
heap ：主要指把沙、石、煤、草等堆高，不强调整齐。
pile ：着重指比较整齐地把东西堆积在一起。
幽默故事New DiscoveryA hillbilly was visiting the big city for the first time. Entering an office buil ding, he saw a pudgy older woman step into a small room. The doors clo sed, lights flashed, and after a while the door slid open and a beautiful y oung model stepped off the elevator.Blinking in amazement, the hillbilly drawled, "I should have brought my wife!"新发现一个乡下人第一次到大城市游逛。
他走进一座大楼，看见一个岁数很大的矮胖女人迈进一个小房间。
房间的门随后关上，有几个灯在闪亮。
一会儿，门开了，电梯里走出一位年青漂亮的女模特。
乡下人惊奇地眨着眼睛，慢吞吞地说：“我应该把我的老婆带来!”练习题（一）Think back to a time in your life when you tried something new.When I was a teenager I volunteered to pass out water at a local race. I was so excited to see all the different runners who passed by and quickly took a cup of water. Some ran past，some walked past and a few wheeled past.I saw so many types of people doing it. I thought maybe I could do it too! The next year I decided to run for the race，but I had little running practice. I just wanted to finish.On the day of the race，it was terribly hot. After running for about 5 miles. I was thinking，“I must be crazy. Why did Ido this? What was I thinking?”And at one moment，I said to myself，“I am never doing this again!”That first 10 km race was quite an experience. I jogged(慢跑)，I walked，I jogged and walked. At times，I didn’t know if I could finish.Near the end，a 70-year-old man ran past me，very fast，and I felt a little embarrassed(尴尬的)that I was more than 50 years younger than he and I couldn’t even keep up with him. But then I realized something. He was running his race and I was running mine. How often in life do we compare(比较)ourselves to others when we really shouldn’t? I decided that I would not give up on running races，and that one day I would be one of those 70-year-old men who were still running.As I crossed the finishing line，I was proud of myself. I didn’t regret(后悔)having such an experience.1. What did the writer do at a local race as a volunteer?A. He helped old runners.B. He cheered up the runners.C. He passed out water to the runners.D. He took back the cups from the runners.2. Why did the writer join the race?A. He just wanted to experience.B. He was crazy about running.C. He had practiced running very hard.D. He wanted very much to win a prize.3. How did the writer’s feeling change after running about 5 miles?①He regretted.②He encouraged himself.③He felt a little embarrassed.A. ①-②-③B. ②-①-③C. ①-③-②D. ②-③-①4.What is the best title(标题) of the passage?A. To be No. 1.B. Let’s compare.C. A volunteering job.D. Running your own race.答案本文讲述作者比赛时的经历，因疏于锻炼。
新译林英语中考一轮复习课外趣味阅读及练习题（十三）课外趣味阅读同义词趣味巧辨析actor, player, performer这些名词均有“演员”之意actor ：指在舞台剧、电影、电视剧或广播剧中以演出为职业的男演员，侧重扮演的角色。
player ：侧重指职业或业余舞台演员。
performer ：使用广泛，不仅可指舞台或影视演员，而且可指舞蹈演员、乐器演奏等的演员，侧重在观众面前的实际表演。
adapt, adjust, conform, accommodate, suit, fit这些动词均有“使适合，适应”之意。
adapt ：指人或物在原有情况下作某些改变以适应新的环境或不同的条件，强调改变的目的和重要性。
adjust与adapt含义很接近，但adjust所改变的幅度要小一些，侧重过程，主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。
conform ：多指与某模式或规则相符，也引申指改变习惯等以适应新的环境。
accommodate ：书面用词，指以外部条件标准改变自己或某事以求得适应，着重改变或调节的有利。
suit ：指适合要求，从而使人满意愉快。
fit ：含义广，指人或物适合或适应某一目的或用途。
幽默故事Skunk"We have a skunk in the basement," shrieked the caller to the police di spatcher. "How can we get it out?" "Take some bread crumbs," said t he dispatcher, "and put down a trail from the basement out to the back yard. Then leave the cellar door open." Sometime later the resident c alled back. "Did you get rid of it?" asked the dispatcher. "No," replied the caller. "Now I have two skunks in there!"臭鼬“我们的地下室里有一只臭鼬，”打电话的人对警察调度员尖叫道。
新译林英语中考一轮复习课外趣味阅读及练习题（三）课外趣味阅读同义词趣味巧辨析acquire, obtain, gain, get, win, earn, secure 这些动词均含"获得■取得.得到”之意。
acquire :强调通过不断的.持续的努力而获得某物f也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。
书面语用词。
obtain :较正式用词,着重通过巨大努力.要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
gain :侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。
get :普通用词,使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。
win :主要指通过努力.斗争.比赛等而获得胜利。
earn :侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。
secure :强调要通过努力或竞争f或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。
幽默故事How Did You Ever Get HereOne winter morning, an employee explained why he had shown up for work 45 minutes late・"It was so slippery out that for every step I took ahead, I slipped back two.11 The boss eyed him suspiciously. "Oh, yeah?Then how did you ever get here?*1 H l finally gave up/* he said, n and sta rted for home."你是怎样来的?一个冬天的早晨，一名雇员解释他为什么迟到了四十五分钟才起来上班。
“外面太滑了，我每向前迈一步，就要向后退两步。
”老板狐疑地看着他。
“噢，是吗？那你是怎样到这里来的？” “后来我决定放弃他说，“然后我就往家里走。
”Three SurgeonsThree famous surgeons were bragging about their skills・”A man came t o me who had his hand cut off/1 said one. "Today that man is a concert violinist.11"That's nothing/* said another. H A guy came to me who had his legs cut off.I stitched them back on, and today that man is a marathon runner."M l can top both of you/1 said the third・"One day I came on the scene of a terrible accident. There was nothing left but a horse's posterior - and a pair of glasses. Today that man is seated in United States Senate.11三个外科医生三个有名的外科医生正在吹嘘他们的技术。
“一个人断了一只手，他来找我，” 一个说，“如今那个人是个音乐会的小提琴手。
”“这算不了什么，”另一个说。
“一个家伙两条腿断了，他来找我, 我将它们接了回去。
如今，那人是马拉松选手。
”“我比你们两个都强，”第三个说，“一天，我碰到一起可怕的车祸。
除了一个马屁股，和一幅眼睛，什么都没有留下。
如今，那人坐在美国参议院里。
”中考重点短语集萃(二)由come、do、get、give、go. have> help> keep, make、look> put> set、send> take> turn、play 等动词构成的词组(2)72)have a sports meet(meeting)开运动会73)have something done 让人(请人)做 ..74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试75)have an idea 有了个主意76)had better do sth. (not do sth.)最好做.... (最好不要做77)have a word with 与.... 谈几句话78)help sb. with sth. help sb. do sth.在....... 方面帮助助……做79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉80) .........................................................................................helpeach other 互相帮助81)keep up with 跟上............... ,不落后于……82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静83)keep sb. doing sth. 使..... . 直做...84)keep one*s diary 记日记85)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声)86)make a living 谋生87)make sb. do sth.迫使某人做.....88)make faces (a face)做鬼脸89) ....................................... make friends (with)与交朋友90)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误91) .............................................. make room/space for 给腾出地方92) ...............................................................make a sentence (sentences)with 用..................... 造句93)make a fire 生火94) ...................................... b e made from/of 由制成95) ............................. b e made in在地方制造96)look out of (outside)往外看(看外面)97)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典98)look up往上看，仰望99)look after照管，照看，照顾100)look for 寻找101)look like 看上去像102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧103）look out 当心，小心104) ..................................... look on…as…把当作…看待105)look around 朝四周看106)look at 看着107)put on穿上(衣服),戴上（帽子），上演（戏剧）108）put up建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖109）put into使进入，输入110)put one's heart into 全神贯注于lll)put<e*down** ・把 .... 放下112)put・・・into… .......... 把译成113)set up竖起，建起114)set off出发，动身115)set out 出发116)set an example for 为..... 树立榜样117)send for派人去请(叫)118)send out 放出，发出119)end up把.... 往上送，发射120)take one's advice 听从某人劝告121)take out 拿出，取出122)take down 拿下123)take place 发生124)take one's place 坐..... 的座位，代替某人职务125)take the place of 代替....126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息127)take it easy 别紧张128)take sth.with sb・随身带着129)take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假130)take care of关心，照顾，保管131)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam 参加考试133)take away 拿走134)take back 收回，带回135)take hold of 抓住....136)take off脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉137)take (an active) part in (积极)参加1(活动) 138)take photos 拍照139)take some medicine 服药140)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车/船141)turn on开，旋开(电灯，收音机等) 142）turn off关上（电灯，收音机等）143)turn in交出,上交144)turn…into… 变成145)turn to 翻到，转向146)turn down (把音量)调低147)turn …over 把翻过来148)play basketball 打篮球，football 踢足球，volleyball 打排球149)play games 做游戏150)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)151)play with snow 玩雪152) ..................................... p lay a joke (on)对开玩笑练习题（-）Thousands of people have been killed in a massive（大规模的）earthquake in Japan・ The quake •- the most powerful to hit Japan in more than 100 years ― caused massive damage and many people are missing and feared dead・The 8.9 magnitude quake struck Friday（March 11） off Japan 's eastern coast, and prompted（引发）tsunami warnings（海啸警报）across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast Several days after a 8.9・magnitude earthquake and resulting meter-high tsunami devastated the coastline・ The United States Geological Survey says it was the fifth largest earthquake since 1900. The largest f with a 9.5 magnitude f shook Chile （智利）in I960.In Japan , the tsunami swept away boats , cars and hundreds of houses in coastal areas north of Tokyo. The quake shook buildings in the Japanese capital and caused several fires. All train and subway traffic in Tokyo has been stopped , and thousands of people there were unable to get back home・ People are just trying to find clean water. Food supplies are running out In the convenience stores f there are no rice balls left. There is no bottled water left. People arefacing a really serious situation in the days ahead for these people that are living in areas that were only moderately（普通的）damaged. The final death toll could range from the thousands to tens of thousands , depending on how many of these communities are gone・Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan said the government would do everything it can to minimize（1£PSSy 最低）the effects of the disaster. And in Washington , President Obama said the United States is ready to help the people of Japan・1.The underline word damage means ______________ in the article ・A. illness B・ disaster C・ terror D・ danger2.Which is true according to the passage?A. Thousands of people have been killed in a massive earthquake in Japan.B・ Only people in areas that were only moderately damaged are facing a really serious situation in the days・C・ The tsunami devastated not only the coastline in Japan , but also the eras across the Pacific .as far away asSouth America and the U.S. West Coast・D・ The massive earthquake caused the tsunami.3.According to the passage , which earthquak e is the larg est one since 1990 ?A. the one happened in Japan on March 11, 2011B・ the one in Chile in 1960C. the fifth largest earthquake since 1900D・ We don 't know.4.If you 're in Tokyo these days , what you can 't get from the con venience store?A. newspapers and magazinesB・ some medicineC・ paper napkins and toothpastesD・ rice balls and bottled water5.The passage can 't be in/on ____________A. March 10th newspapersB. TVC. InternetD. Radios答案B D B D A（-）根据短文内容，在空格内填入恰当的词语。
