Strategies of Space Organization

改善日常生活环境的方法英语作文Improving Daily Living Environments: Strategies for a Better LifeEnhancing our daily living environments is a crucial aspect of personal well-being and overall quality of life. As we spend a significant portion of our time in the spaces we inhabit, it is essential to create surroundings that foster productivity, comfort, and a sense of contentment. In this essay, we will explore various methods and strategies to improve our daily living environments and enhance our overall life experiences.One of the primary ways to enhance our daily living environments is through effective organization and decluttering. Clutter can often lead to feelings of stress and overwhelming, hindering our ability to focus and function efficiently. By implementing a systematic approach to decluttering, we can create a more organized and visually appealing space. This can include sorting through possessions, donating or recycling items we no longer need, and finding creative storage solutions to maximize the use of available space.Another important aspect of improving our daily living environmentsis ensuring adequate lighting. Proper lighting can have a significant impact on our mood, productivity, and overall well-being. Incorporating a combination of natural and artificial lighting can create a balanced and inviting atmosphere. Strategically placing lamps, installing dimmers, and utilizing energy-efficient bulbs can enhance the ambiance and functionality of our living spaces.Incorporating elements of nature into our daily living environments can also contribute to a more serene and rejuvenating atmosphere. Introducing houseplants, placing artwork or photographs depicting natural landscapes, or even creating a small outdoor oasis can have a calming and restorative effect on our minds and bodies. Connecting with nature, even in small ways, can help reduce stress, improve air quality, and foster a sense of tranquility.Additionally, optimizing the layout and design of our living spaces can have a significant impact on our daily experiences. Carefully considering the flow of movement, the placement of furniture, and the overall aesthetic can create a more inviting and efficient environment. Consulting with interior design professionals or utilizing online resources can provide valuable insights and guidance in this regard.Furthermore, incorporating sustainable and eco-friendly practices into our daily living environments can not only benefit theenvironment but also enhance our personal well-being. This can include implementing energy-efficient appliances, using sustainable building materials, and adopting water-saving strategies. By making conscious choices to reduce our environmental impact, we can contribute to a healthier and more sustainable future while also enjoying the personal benefits of living in a more environmentally-conscious space.Lastly, personalizing our living spaces with elements that reflect our individual preferences and interests can foster a greater sense of belonging and comfort. This can involve displaying personal artwork, incorporating sentimental items, or creating dedicated spaces for hobbies and leisure activities. By infusing our living environments with our unique personalities and preferences, we can create a sense of home that nourishes our emotional and psychological well-being.In conclusion, improving our daily living environments encompasses a multifaceted approach that addresses various aspects of our physical and psychological needs. By implementing strategies such as effective organization, strategic lighting, incorporation of nature, optimal layout and design, sustainable practices, and personalization, we can create living spaces that enhance our overall quality of life, boost productivity, and foster a greater sense of well-being. Investing time and effort into enhancing our daily livingenvironments can yield significant and lasting benefits, contributing to a more fulfilling and satisfying lifestyle.。

让东西整洁英语作文Title: Keeping Things Neat: The Art of Organization。

In our daily lives, maintaining tidiness andorganization is crucial for productivity, efficiency, and peace of mind. Whether it's our living space, work environment, or personal belongings, a neat and orderly arrangement can significantly impact our overall well-being. In this essay, we will explore the importance of keeping things neat and provide practical tips for achieving and maintaining organization.First and foremost, a tidy environment fosters a senseof calmness and clarity. When our surroundings arecluttered and chaotic, it can be challenging to focus and concentrate on tasks at hand. On the contrary, a well-organized space promotes mental clarity and allows us to approach our responsibilities with a clear mind.Moreover, maintaining neatness reflects professionalismand responsibility, especially in the workplace. Employers and colleagues alike appreciate individuals who take the initiative to keep their workspaces tidy. A clean and organized workspace not only enhances efficiency but also conveys a sense of professionalism and attention to detail.In addition to the psychological benefits, there are practical advantages to keeping things neat. For instance, knowing where everything is located saves time and minimizes frustration when searching for items. Whetherit's locating a file on your computer or finding a tool in your workshop, organization streamlines the retrieval process and improves productivity.Furthermore, a neat and orderly environment promotes safety. Cluttered spaces increase the risk of accidents and injuries, as objects can easily be tripped over or misplaced. By keeping walkways clear and ensuring that items are stored properly, we create a safer environmentfor ourselves and others.Now that we understand the importance of keeping thingsneat, let's discuss some practical strategies for achieving organization:1. Declutter Regularly: Begin by assessing your belongings and identifying items that are no longer neededor used. Donate or discard these items to reduce clutterand create more space.2. Designate Storage Areas: Assign specific locationsfor different categories of items, such as office supplies, clothing, or kitchen utensils. Labeling storage bins and shelves can help maintain organization and facilitate easy retrieval.3. Develop Daily Habits: Dedicate a few minutes eachday to tidy up your surroundings. Simple tasks such as making your bed in the morning or clearing your desk before leaving work can prevent clutter from accumulating.4. Utilize Organizational Tools: Invest in storage solutions such as containers, shelves, and drawerorganizers to maximize space and keep items neatly arranged.Utilizing digital tools like calendars and task management apps can also help streamline workflow and reduce clutter.5. Establish Routines: Establishing regular routinesfor cleaning and organizing can help maintain a tidy environment in the long term. Whether it's a weekly cleaning session or a monthly decluttering spree, consistency is key to sustaining organization.In conclusion, the importance of keeping things neat cannot be overstated. A tidy environment promotes mental clarity, professionalism, efficiency, and safety. By implementing practical strategies such as decluttering regularly, designating storage areas, developing daily habits, utilizing organizational tools, and establishing routines, we can achieve and maintain organization in our lives. Remember, a little effort invested in keeping things neat can yield significant benefits in the long run.。

年度工作计划英文翻译Introduction:The Annual Work Plan is a comprehensive document that outlines the objectives, strategies, and activities of an organization for the upcoming year. It serves as a roadmap for the entire team, guiding them towards achieving their goals and meeting the organization's overall mission. This translation aims to provide a detailed overview of the Annual Work Plan, taking into account its various components and the importance of each.Executive Summary:The executive summary provides a high-level overview of the Annual Work Plan. It presents a brief summary of the organization's goals for the year, highlighting the key strategies that will be implemented to achieve them. It also outlines the major activities that will be undertaken and the expected outcomes. Moreover, the executive summary includes a summary of the budget, resources required, and a timeline for the implementation of the plan.1. Vision and Mission:This section articulates the organization's vision and mission, which play a crucial role in guiding the Annual Work Plan. It describes the long-term goals and the purpose of the organization, emphasizing the values and principles that drive its actions. By clarifying the vision and mission, the organization can align its activities and strategies to create a harmonious and focused work plan.2. Situational Analysis:The situational analysis provides an in-depth assessment of the organization's internal and external environment. It includes an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT analysis) that the organization faces. This analysis allows the organization to identify potential areas for improvement, address challenges, and leverage opportunities. By understanding the current situation, the organization can develop strategies and activities that are well-suited to its specific context.3. Goals and Objectives:This section outlines the specific goals and objectives that the organization aims to achieve in the upcoming year. It breaks down the broader mission into actionable and measurable targets, allowing for clear monitoring and evaluation of progress. The goals and objectives should be specific, attainable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) in order to facilitate effective planning and implementation.4. Strategies and Activities:The strategies and activities section details the approaches and actions that will be employed to achieve the goals and objectives. It includes a comprehensive list of activities, along with timelines, responsible parties, and resource requirements. The strategies should align with the organization's mission and address the challenges identified in the situational analysis. The activities should be practical, achievable, and contribute to the overall success of the organization.5. Monitoring and Evaluation:Monitoring and evaluation are essential components of the Annual Work Plan. This section outlines the process and tools that will be used to monitor the progress of the plan's implementation and evaluate its effectiveness. It establishes clear indicators and targets to measure the achievement of objectives. It also includes a feedback mechanism to gather input from various stakeholders, ensuring continuous improvement and adaptation of the plan as needed.6. Resource Mobilization:Resource mobilization is a critical aspect of the Annual Work Plan. This section identifies the resources required for the implementation of the plan, including financial resources, human resources, and technical resources. It outlines the strategies that will be employed to secure these resources, such as fundraising, partnerships, and in-kind contributions. Moreover, it presents a detailed budget that reflects the estimated costs of each activity.Conclusion:The Annual Work Plan serves as a roadmap for an organization, providing a clear direction and focus for the upcoming year. It outlines the organization's vision and mission, evaluates the current situation, sets goals and objectives, and proposes strategies and activities to achieve them. Monitoring and evaluation mechanisms are established to ensure accountability and learning. Resource mobilization strategies are also developed to secure the necessary resources for plan implementation. With a well-documented and comprehensive Annual Work Plan, organizations can effectively navigate challenges, seize opportunities, and achieve their desired outcomes.。

space管理制度IntroductionSpace management is an essential aspect of any organization, as it involves managing and utilizing space effectively to meet the needs of the organization. Proper space management ensures that the workspace is organized and provides a conducive environment for employees to work, leading to improved productivity and efficiency. This paper will discuss the importance of space management, its components, and how to implement an effective space management system in an organization.Importance of Space ManagementEffective space management plays a crucial role in creating a functional and efficient workplace. It helps in maximizing the use of available space, reducing wastage, and optimizing the layout to meet the needs of the organization. Proper space management also contributes to creating a safe and healthy work environment, as it ensures compliance with relevant regulations and standards. Moreover, it enables organizations to accommodate growth and changes in their workforce and operations, leading to better adaptability and flexibility.Components of Space ManagementSpace management encompasses several key components that are essential for creating and maintaining an effective workspace. These components include:1. Space Planning: Space planning involves analyzing the current and future space needs of the organization. It includes determining the required square footage, layout, and configuration to accommodate different departments, functions, and employees. Space planning also involves considering the flow of work, accessibility, and safety requirements.2. Space Utilization: Space utilization refers to how effectively space is used within the organization. It involves assessing the utilization of individual workstations, meeting rooms, common areas, and storage areas. This helps in identifying underutilized or overcrowded spaces and optimizing the use of available space.3. Workplace Design: Workplace design focuses on creating a functional and comfortable workspace that enhances employee well-being and productivity. It involves designing the layout, furniture, lighting, and other elements to create a conducive work environment. Workplace design also considers factors such as communication, collaboration, and interaction among employees.4. Facilities Management: Facilities management encompasses the maintenance and upkeep of the physical space within the organization. This includes managing building systems, equipment, cleanliness, and maintenance to ensure that the workspace is safe andfunctional. It also involves addressing any issues or repairs promptly to prevent disruptions in the workplace.5. Technology Integration: Technology integration involves incorporating technology solutions to enhance space management. This includes using software for space planning, occupancy tracking, and real-time monitoring of space utilization. Technology integration also includes implementing smart building systems, sensors, and automation to optimize energy usage and improve the overall workspace experience.Implementing an Effective Space Management SystemTo implement an effective space management system in an organization, the following steps can be taken:1. Conduct a Space Audit: Start by conducting a comprehensive audit of the existing space, including the layout, occupancy, and utilization. This will help in identifying any inefficiencies, underutilized areas, or potential safety hazards. The audit should also consider future space needs and growth projections.2. Establish Space Standards: Develop clear and consistent space standards and guidelines to ensure that space is allocated and utilized in a consistent and efficient manner. This includes defining space allocation for different functions, workstations, meeting rooms, and common areas. It should also consider factors such as ergonomics, accessibility, and safety requirements.3. Implement Space Planning Tools: Utilize space planning software and tools to create accurate floor plans, seating arrangements, and space utilization reports. These tools can help in visualizing different space scenarios, analyzing occupancy data, and making informed decisions about space allocation and layouts.4. Optimize Space Utilization: Use occupancy sensors and real-time data to monitor and analyze space utilization. This will help in identifying underutilized areas, peak occupancy times, and patterns of space usage. Based on this information, adjustments can be made to optimize the use of space and improve efficiency.5. Implement Workplace Design Strategies: Adopt workplace design strategies that promote collaboration, communication, and well-being. This includes creating flexible workspaces, incorporating natural light, providing ergonomic furniture, and designing spaces that support different work styles and activities.6. Integrate Technology Solutions: Integrate technology solutions such as space management software, room booking systems, and smart building automation to streamline space management processes. This can help in automating space allocation, tracking occupancy, and managing facility maintenance.7. Engage Employees: Involve employees in the space management process by soliciting feedback, conducting surveys, and incorporating their preferences into the workspacedesign. This will help in creating a workspace that meets the needs and expectations of the employees, leading to higher satisfaction and engagement.8. Monitor and Adapt: Continuously monitor space utilization and employee feedback to identify areas for improvement and adaptation. Regularly review space allocation, layout, and design to ensure that the workspace is optimized for efficiency and functionality.ConclusionEffective space management is essential for creating a productive, efficient, and healthy workplace. It involves various components such as space planning, utilization, workplace design, facilities management, and technology integration. By implementing an effective space management system, organizations can optimize space usage, improve employee well-being, and adapt to changing business needs. This leads to enhanced productivity, flexibility, and overall success for the organization.。

摘要：社区作为构建城市的基本单位，是城市更新进程中必不可少的重要环节，社区微更新中的精神内涵与品质提升成为备受关注的话题。

文章运用社区营造理论，从人本维度，管理维度，文化维度三个维度出发，对社区公共空间微更新设计原则与策略进行研究，并以上海市斜土街道中的典型社区为例，针对性地提出微更新设计策略，为实现自组织、自治理、自发展的社区发展模式提供借鉴意义。

关键词：社区公共空间 微更新 社区营造 公众参与 上海斜土街道 中图分类号：TU984.11+3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-0069（2023）13-0036-04Abstract：As the basic unit of urban construction，community is anindispensable and important link in the process of urban renewal. The spiritual connotation and quality improvement have become a topic of great concern. This article uses the theory of community revitalization，starting from the three dimensions of the person's standard，management dimension，and cultural dimension，researching the design principles and strategies of the community public space micro-update.Taking the typical community in Xietu Street in Shanghai as an example，the micro-renewal design strategy is put forward in a targeted manner to provide reference for the realization of a community development model of self-organization，self-governance，and self-development.Keywords：Ommunity public space Micro-renewal Community revitalization Public participation Xietu street in Shanghai上海理工大学出版印刷与艺术设计学院 章丹音 张 琰社区营造理论下的社区公共空间微更新设计——以上海市斜土街道为例MICRO-RENEWAL DESIGN OF COMMUNITY PUBLIC SPACE BASED ON COMMUNITY REVITALIZATION：TAKING XIETU STREET IN SHANGHAI AS AN EXAMPLE引言党的十九大报告中提出，要“加强社区治理体系建设”，打造“共建共享公治的社会治理格局”。

计划策略监控策略调节策略英语表达Planning Strategies, Monitoring Strategies, and Adaptive Strategies.In the realm of strategic management, three key concepts stand out as crucial for the success of any organization: planning strategies, monitoring strategies, and adaptive strategies. These strategies, when effectively implemented, can lead to enhanced performance, increased efficiency, and a more responsive and resilient organization.Planning Strategies.Planning strategies refer to the process of setting goals, developing action plans, and allocating resources to achieve those goals. These strategies are typically formulated based on an organization's mission, vision, and values, taking into account its internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats.Effective planning strategies are comprehensive, well-researched, and designed to guide the organization towards its desired future state.The planning process begins with a thorough analysis of the organization's current state, including its financial performance, operational efficiency, market position, and competitive landscape. This analysis helps identify areas where improvement is needed and opportunities for growth. Based on this analysis, the organization sets specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals. These goals are then translated into action plans, which outline the specific steps and initiatives required to achieve them.Planning strategies also involve the allocation of resources, such as financial capital, human capital, and technological resources. This allocation must be strategic, taking into account the organization's overall strategy and the specific needs of each department or function. By ensuring that resources are allocated effectively, the organization can maximize its chances of achieving itsgoals.Monitoring Strategies.Monitoring strategies are crucial for tracking progress, identifying issues, and making necessary adjustments to plans. These strategies involve the regular collection and analysis of data on key performance indicators (KPIs) and other relevant metrics. By monitoring these metrics, organizations can assess whether they are making progress towards their goals and identify any areas where performance may be lagging.Monitoring strategies should be designed to provide timely and accurate information, allowing the organizationto make informed decisions about its operations and strategies. This information can be used to identify bottlenecks, areas of waste, and other inefficiencies that may be hindering progress. It can also help identify emerging trends and opportunities that may require adjustments to the organization's plans.To be effective, monitoring strategies must be supported by a strong data analytics capability. This capability allows the organization to turn raw data into actionable insights, enabling it to make better decisions and adapt more quickly to changing conditions.Adaptive Strategies.Adaptive strategies refer to the ability of an organization to respond flexibly to changing conditions and unexpected events. In today's rapidly changing business environment, the ability to adapt quickly and effectivelyis crucial for survival and success. Adaptive strategies involve the identification of new opportunities, the reallocation of resources, and the adjustment of plans to capitalize on these opportunities.Adaptive strategies are closely linked to monitoring strategies. By monitoring key performance indicators and other relevant metrics, organizations can detect changes in market conditions, customer preferences, and competitor strategies. When such changes occur, the organization mustbe able to quickly assess the implications and make necessary adjustments to its plans and strategies.To be adaptive, organizations need to cultivate a culture of learning and innovation. This culture encourages employees to identify problems, suggest solutions, and take ownership of their work. It also involves the regular evaluation and refinement of processes, procedures, and strategies to ensure they remain relevant and effective.In addition, adaptive strategies require strong leadership. Leaders must be able to identify trends, anticipate changes, and make timely decisions based on limited information. They must also be willing to takerisks and embrace uncertainty, as well as create an environment where employees feel safe to experiment and learn from failures.Conclusion.Planning strategies, monitoring strategies, and adaptive strategies are interconnected and mutuallyreinforcing components of any successful organization. By developing comprehensive plans, monitoring progress closely, and adapting flexibly to changing conditions, organizations can ensure their continued relevance and profitability in today's rapidly evolving business landscape. By embedding these strategies into their culture and operations, organizations can build resilience, innovate continuously, and achieve sustained success.。

---I. IntroductionThe following strategic work plan outlines the objectives, strategies, and action steps to achieve the goals of [Company/Organization Name] for the upcoming [time frame, e.g., fiscal year, quarter, or specificproject duration]. This plan is designed to ensure alignment with the organization’s vision and mission, and to drive sustainable growth and success.II. Executive SummaryThis section provides a high-level overview of the strategic work plan, including key objectives, timelines, and expected outcomes.- Key Objectives: [List key objectives that the plan aims to achieve.]- Timeframe: [Specify the duration for which the plan is applicable.]- Expected Outcomes: [Describe the anticipated results or deliverables.]III. Objectives and GoalsThis section details the specific objectives and goals that the planwill focus on. Each objective should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound).1. Objective 1: [Objective Description]- Goal 1.1: [Specific Goal]- Action Steps: [List the actions required to achieve this goal.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing each action step.]- Goal 1.2: [Specific Goal]- Action Steps: [List the actions required to achieve this goal.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing each action step.]- Expected Outcomes: [Describe the expected outcomes of achieving this goal.]2. Objective 2: [Objective Description]- Goal 2.1: [Specific Goal]- Action Steps: [List the actions required to achieve this goal.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing each action step.]- Goal 2.2: [Specific Goal]- Action Steps: [List the actions required to achieve this goal.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing each action step.]- Expected Outcomes: [Describe the expected outcomes of achieving this goal.]IV. Strategies and InitiativesThis section outlines the strategies and initiatives that will be employed to achieve the objectives and goals.1. Strategy 1: [Strategy Description]- Initiative 1.1: [Specific Initiative]- Responsibility: [Assign responsibility to an individual or team.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing the initiative.]- Initiative 1.2: [Specific Initiative]- Responsibility: [Assign responsibility to an individual or team.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing the initiative.]2. Strategy 2: [Strategy Description]- Initiative 2.1: [Specific Initiative]- Responsibility: [Assign responsibility to an individual or team.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing the initiative.]- Initiative 2.2: [Specific Initiative]- Responsibility: [Assign responsibility to an individual or team.]- Timeline: [Specify the timeline for completing the initiative.]V. Resources and BudgetThis section details the resources required to implement the strategic work plan, including personnel, equipment, and financial resources.- Personnel: [List the roles and responsibilities required to execute the plan.]- Equipment: [Identify any specialized equipment or tools needed.]- Budget: [Provide a detailed budget breakdown for the plan.]VI. Risk ManagementThis section identifies potential risks and outlines mitigation strategies to minimize their impact on the strategic work plan.- Risk 1: [Risk Description]- Mitigation Strategy: [Describe the actions to be taken to mitigate this risk.]- Risk 2: [Risk Description]- Mitigation Strategy: [Describe the actions to be taken to mitigate this risk.]VII. Monitoring and EvaluationThis section outlines the mechanisms for monitoring progress and evaluating the effectiveness of the strategic work plan.- Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): [List the KPIs that will be used to measure success.]- Reporting Schedule: [Specify the frequency and format of progress reports.]- Review Meetings: [Schedule regular review meetings to discuss progress and adjust the plan as needed.]VIII. ConclusionThe strategic work plan serves as a roadmap for [Company/Organization Name] to achieve its objectives and drive sustainable success. By following the outlined strategies and initiatives, the organization is poised to overcome challenges and capitalize on opportunities. This plan will be revisited and updated as needed to ensure its relevance and effectiveness.---Note: This template is a guideline and should be customized to fit the specific needs and context of the。

KLM’s Global Corporate StrategyStudent Name:Student Number:Module: Global Corporate StrategyModule Code: PGBM16Contents1. Introduction of Air France-KLM (3)2. Global Corporate Strategy (1)2.1 Strategy (3)2.2 Corporate Strategy (3)2.3 Global Corporate Strategy (4)3. SWOT Analysis (5)3.1 What Is SWOT Analysis (5)3.2 The Advantages of SWOT Analysis (5)3.3 SWOT Analysis for Air France-KLM (6)4. Service Product Competition Strategy (6)4.1 Centralized Service Product Strategy (7)4.2 Follower Type of Service Product Positioning (7)4.3 Differential Competitive Strategies (7)5. Strategy Management (6)5.1 Strategic Alliance (7)5.2 Merger and Acquisition (7)5.3 KLM and American Express Strategic Alliance (7)5.4 KLM and Air France Merger (7)6. Conclusion (13)7. References (13)1.Introduction of Air France-KLMAir France-KLM is a French-Dutch airline holding company incorporated under French law with its headquarters at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport in Tremblay-en-France, Paris. The group has offices in Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis, Paris, and in Amstelveen, Netherlands. Air France-KLM is the result of the merger in 2004 between Air France and KLM(Simon, 2012).This essay mainly talks about Air France-KLM’s global corporate strategy in many aspects. Firstly, the essay discusses the concepts of global corporate strategy. Then the essay talks about what is SWOT and how to use this method to analyze a corporate. The third and forth part of the essay will discuss some concrete global corporate strategy to maximize its shareholder profits. Last, the essay points out that Air France-KLM will continue to be successful if it can overcome some potential problems.2. Global corporate strategy2.1 StrategyStrategy is a high level plan to achieve one or more goals under conditions of uncertainty.Strategy is important because the resources available to achieve these goals are usually limited. Strategy is also about attaining and maintaining a position of advantage over adversaries through the successive exploitation of known or emergent possibilities rather than committing to any specific fixed plan designed at the outset. Henry Mintzberg from McGill University defined strategy as "a pattern in a stream of decisions" to contrast with a view of strategy as planning while Max McKeown(2011) argues that "strategy is about shaping the future" and is the human attempt to get to "desirable ends with available means"( Moreton, 2012).2.2 Corporate StrategyCorporate strategy is the overall scope and direction of a corporation and the way in which its various business operations work together to achieve particular goals. It is a proprietary set of actions that enables a company to be worth more than just the sum of its parts. The most critical role of the center is to enable its business unit strategies to achieve leadership positions. The center adds differential value to its business units in four areas: providing a compelling corporate vision and appropriate performance objectives, aggressively managing the portfolio, leveraging a repeatable operating model and executing a balanced financial strategy(Litov, 2012).2.3 Global Corporate StrategyGlobal corporate strategy as defined in business terms is an organization's strategic guide to globalization. A sound global strategy should address these questions: what must be (versus what is) the extent of market presence in the world's major markets? How to build the necessary global presence? What must be AND (versus what is) the optimal locations around the world for the various value chain activities? How to run global presence into global competitive advantage? A global strategy may be appropriate in industries where firms are faced with strong pressures for cost reduction but with weak pressures for local responsiveness. Therefore, it allows these firms to sell a standardized product worldwide. Global strategies require firms to tightly coordinate their product and pricing strategies across international markets and locations, and therefore firms that pursue a global strategy are typically highly centralized(Jerome S, 2011).3. SWOT Analysis3.1 What Is SWOT Analysis?SWOT analysis (alternatively SWOT Matrix) is a structured planning method used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats involved in a project or in a business venture. A SWOT analysis can be carried out for a product, place, industry or person. It involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieving that objective. The technique is credited to Albert Humphrey, who led a convention at the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International) in the 1960s and 1970s using data from Fortune 500 companies. The degree to which the internal environment of the firm matches with the external environment is expressed by the concept of strategic fit(Mehmet, 2012).Setting the objective should be done after the SWOT analysis has been performed. This would allow achievable goals or objectives to be set for the organization.∙S trengths: characteristics of the business or project that give it an advantage over others∙W eaknesses: are characteristics that place the team at a disadvantage relative to others∙O pportunities: elements that the project could exploit to its advantage∙T hreats: elements in the environment that could cause trouble for the business or project3.2 The Advantages of SWOT AnalysisIdentification of SWOTs is important because they can inform later steps in planning to achieve the objective. SWOT analysis aims to identify the key internal and external factors seen as important to achieving an objective. The factors come from within acompany's unique value chain. SWOT analysis groups key pieces of information into two main categories:Internal factors – the strengths and weaknesses internal to the organizationExternal factors – the opportunities and threats presented by the environment external to the organizationAnalysis may view the internal factors as strengths or as weaknesses depending upon their effect on the organization's objectives. What may represent strengths with respect to one objective may be weaknesses (distractions, competition) for another objective. The factors may include all of the 4Ps; as well as personnel, finance, manufacturing capabilities, and so on.The external factors may include microeconomic matters, technological change, legislation, and socio-cultural changes, as well as changes in the marketplace or in competitive position. The results are often presented in the form of a matrix(Oztekin, 2012).3.3 SWOT Analysis for Air France-KLMS-----The new company could optimize its management, benefit from a larger network and extend its maintenance activities. It can also realize its cost saving purpose from increased bargaining power and commercial distribution. In addition, air transport industry faces many challenges nowadays.W-----The first and foremost weakness for Air France-KLM is that different corporate cultures needed to be reconciled. Corporate cultures can affect the corporate in many ways, so trying to reconcile the very different cultures are of vital importance. Also, the two-hub, long haul route system had to be established and managed carefully. The other weaknesses like insufficient runaway capacity to cope with growth can even attack profitability plans and growth.O------ As skies become more and more open, competitions are becoming intense gradually and airline operators face enormous economic pressures, such as fluctuatingfuel prices. So, further integration, which can save costs and achieve economies of scale, will improve operational efficiency.T------ The threatens coming from other industries are that train speed and highway network is perfect; Those coming from aviation industry are that intense competitions between airlines enhance the competitiveness of our customers and that aviation market liberalization has led to many competitors(Robert, 2004).4. Service Product Competition StrategyAs an important member of "Sky Team", leaders of KLM attach great importance to enhancing the quality of service, which is regarded as a main method to enhance the core competitiveness. This is the primary action because the Dutch land area is small, and the total population is little, so the domestic market is limited. This phenomenon results in KLM’s highly dependence on third-country markets. Secondly, just like the other network hub airlines, KLM also faces high costs& low income predicament. For this reason, KLM proposed a brand service strategy which called "reliable, comfortable and personalized care"(Jonathan, 2012).4.1 Centralized Service Product StrategyThis strategy is based on the limited resources of the company and the external operating environment. The benefits are that corporate is able to concentrate on resources and the creation of service brand. KLM focuses on the transit and cabin crew services most, but no less than the industry average in other respects.4.2 Follower Type of Service Product PositioningIn hardware terms of comfort, KLM is a smart follower. In customer experience such as personal space in the cabin, seats lying extent, aircraft activities and catering, etc., KLM does not emphasize the most fashionable new products, but focus on more comfortable products in order to save large sums of development and certification costs(Pontus, 2004).4.3 Differential Competitive StrategiesTo be distinguished from other competitors, KLM pays more careful and more thoughtful attention to passengers’ emotions, gives customers personalized service and makes customers themselves master all kinds of travel related information, such as flight dynamics, destination weather. The front-line services staff can even keep track of customer information, such as customer's last name, hobbies and mileage value and so on, so that the corporate can provide closer services. This information can transfer through the data link system owned by KLM and make their service more personal. Moreover, expanding the airport, increasing the self-service counters and baggage counters, and conducting characteristic food by route can also increase the competitiveness in specific markets(Jan, 2004).5. Strategy Management5.1 Strategic AllianceA strategic alliance is an agreement between two or more parties to pursue a set of agreed upon objectives need while remaining independent organizations. This form of cooperation lies between M&A and organic growth.Partners may provide the strategic alliance with resources such as products, distribution channels, manufacturing capability, project funding, capital equipment, knowledge, expertise, or intellectual property. The alliance is cooperation or collaboration which aims for a synergy where each partner hopes that the benefits from the alliance will be greater than those from individual efforts. The alliance often involves technology transfer (access to knowledge and expertise), economic specialization,[1] shared expenses and shared risk(Mari,2012).A typical strategic alliance formation process involves these steps:Strategy Development: Strategy development involves studying the alliance’s feasibility, objectives and rationale, focusing on the major issues and challengesand development of resource strategies for production, technology, and people. It requires aligning alliance objectives with the overall corporate strategy.∙Partner Assessment: Partner assessment involves analyzing a potential partner’s strengths and weaknesses, creating strategies for accommodating all partners’ management styles, preparing appropriate partner selection criteria, understanding a partner’s motives for join ing the alliance and addressing resource capability gaps that may exist for a partner.∙Contract Negotiation: Contract negotiations involves determining whether all parties have realistic objectives, forming high caliber negotiating teams, defining each par tner’s contributions and rewards as well as protect any proprietary information, addressing termination clauses, penalties for poor performance, and highlighting the degree to which arbitration procedures are clearly stated and understood.∙Alliance Operation: Alliance operations involves addressing senior management’s commitment, finding the caliber of resources devoted to the alliance, linking of budgets and resources with strategic priorities, measuring and rewarding alliance performance, and assessing the performance and results of the alliance.∙Alliance Termination: Alliance termination involves winding down the alliance, for instance when its objectives have been met or cannot be met, or whena partner adjusts priorities or re-allocates resources elsewhere.5.2 Merger and AcquisitionMergers and acquisitions (abbreviated M&A) is an aspect of corporate strategy, corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling, dividing and combining of different companies and similar entities that can help an enterprise grow rapidly in its sector or location of origin, or a new field or new location, without creating a subsidiary, other child entity or using a joint venture. The distinctionbetween a "merger" and an "acquisition" has become increasingly blurred in various respects (particularly in terms of the ultimate economic outcome), although it has not completely disappeared in all situations(Bhattacharya, 2011).The terms merger and acquisition mean slightly different things. The legal concept of a merger (with the resulting corporate mechanics, statutory merger or statutory consolidation, which have nothing to do with the resulting power grab as between the management of the target and the acquirer is different from the business point of view of a "merger", which can be achieved independently of the corporate mechanics through various means such as "triangular merger", statutory merger, acquisition, etc. When one company takes over another and completely establishes itself as the new owner, the purchase is called an "acquisition". From a legal point of view, in an acquisition, the target company still exists as an independent legal entity, which is controlled by the acquirer.In the pure sense of the term, a merger happens when two firms agree to go forward as a single new company rather than remain separately owned and operated. This kind of action is more precisely referred to as a "merger of equals". The firms are often of about the same size. Both companies' stocks are surrendered and new company stock is issued in its place. For example, in the 1999 merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham, both firms ceased to exist when they merged, and a new company, GlaxoSmithKline, was created(Sen, 2011).5.3 KLM and American Express Strategic AllianceKLM Royal Dutch Airlines and American Express have entered into an alliance to launch two payment card programs in The Netherlands, one for corporate clients and one for Flying Dutchman members, KLM's frequent flyer customers. A new co-branded American Express KLM Corporate Card, designed to help companies earn savings on business travel expenditure, and a new Flying Dutchman American Express Card, with tailored rewards and benefits, will be available in the first quarter of 2004(Jerome, 2011).Commenting on the new relationship, Paul Gregorowitsch, Executive Vice-President KLM Commercial, said: "By forming this alliance with American Express, we are bringing together two of the most powerful and respected brands, renowned for quality and service. These new card products will generate considerable benefits for corporate customers and enable Flying Dutchman members to earn Flying Dutchman miles more quickly than ever before. American Express is at the forefront of developments in the card industry and its global presence and world-wide network is invaluable in supporting the needs of today's frequent travelers", he concluded.The KLM American Express Corporate CardThe KLM American Express Corporate Card Program will replace KLM's proprietary payment product, Existing Taxes customers, American Express corporate clients and prospective clients will be invited to join the KLM American Express Corporate Card Program. KLM will also join the American Express Corporate Loyalty program (Corporate Savings Plus), a unique offering designed to help small and medium sized companies enjoy savings on a range of corporate expenditure including airline, hotel and car rental. In addition to gaining access to KLM's global network of airport lounges when traveling on business, KLM American Express Corporate Card members will be given priority on KLM's waiting list when flying from Schiphol airport, Amsterdam.The New Flying Dutchman American Express CardA choice of four different co-branded Flying Dutchman American Express Cards will be offered to KLM's frequent flyer members, each with its own level of rewards and benefits to reflect KLM's tiered service levels: Blue Plus, Silver, Gold and Platinum Elite. Card members can earn up to 2 KLM Award Miles for every 1 euro spent on the Card making it the most attractive frequent flyer cards available on the market today. In addition to receiving KLM Miles every time they spend on their Card and having the opportunity to earn double KLM Miles when purchasing a KLM ticket, Flying Dutchmen members benefit from the convenience of owning one card which can beused for making purchases and accruing loyalty miles.5.4 KLM and Air France Merger―In 1989, KLM and Northwest airlines form ed the first international alliance in the airline industry. It was a great leap forward. Some ten years later many airlines have followed this strategy. Fifteen years later, KLM will settle an arrangement with a new type of partnership. This time it will be with Air France and so KLM will be again the first one who plays the ball. But whatever the costs would be, we have to do this. Otherwise KLM will no longer exist in five years time.‖ Stated KLM about their intention to merge with Air France as published in a Dutch newspaper (NRC Handelsblad, 19 October 2003)The deal between Air France and KLM has been eagerly awaited for some time. Airlines throughout Europe have been attempting tie-ups for years and these two have been chatting for months. What is new is that this deal, which will create Europe's largest airline—even without Alitalia—goes further than any other in Europe. So far, full mergers have foundered because airlines fear losing their entitlement to fly certain routes and some of their prized airport landing slots if they cede their national flag-carrier status. Air France and KLM aim to get around this by creating a complicated structure that will protect KLM's Dutch identity: there will be a holding company of which KLM will be an ―independent‖ subsidiary, if that is not a contradiction in terms(Moreton,2012).Although expected, the new partnership of KLM and Air France did strike a blow. Pros and cons were expressed in the popular press regarding this fundamen tal decision. Some wondered about the weak position KLM might have after the merger. Others suggested that the consensus minded KLM might have a positive impact on the state governed Air France.Today, the Group is pursuing its strategic investment to offer innovative products and services which are adapted to evolving customer needs. It is also developing strategicpartnerships and further extending its long-haul network, the leading network on departure from Europe.The Group's employees are driving this transformation by enabling the implementation of new working conditions and action plans, thereby building the future of Air France-KLM. Backed by these strengths, the Group plans to re-affirm its leadership position within the air transport industry at global level.6. ConclusionAfter the merger, the Air France-KLM Group is already Europe's largest airline group, and the main controlling party Air France has become the world's largest airline revenues. Seen from turnover, passenger traffic or reputation side, Air France-KLM is playing a leading role in aviation industry.However, faced with American Airlines, United Airlines and other rivals which have deep roots in aviation industry, as well as the world’s economy which has not restored to the best state after the financial crisis, can Air France-KLM’s dominance be stable in the rapidly changing situation? Air France-KLM should continue to keep its high efficiency services and quality products, and meet the opportunity to carry out mutually beneficial cooperation, which will be their holy grail. Only by adhering to their own advantages and by getting progress in strategic cooperation, can their group have a better development.7. ReferencesLitov, L.P.& Moreton, P.,& Zenger, T.R.2012 Corporate strategy, analyst coverage, and the uniqueness paradox, Management science 2012, 58(10)Jerome S. Engel, 2011 Accelerating Corporate Innovation, Research technology management, 2011, 54(3)Simon Cadez &Chris Guilding, 2012, Strategy, strategic management accounting and performance: a configurational analysis, Industrial management & data systems ,2012, 112(3/4)Mehmet& Sevkli&Asil& Oztekin ,2012, Development of a fuzzy ANP based SWOT analysis for the airline industry in Turkey, Expert Systems with Application,2012, 39(1)Robert G,Dyson, 2004, Strategic development and SWOT analysis at the University of Warwick, European Journal of Operational Research,2004,152(3)Chung-Shing Lee &Jonathan C. Ho, 2012, Strategy and process of value creation and appropriation in service clusters, Technovation, 2012,32(7/8)Pontus Johansson &Jan Olhager,2004, Industrial service profiling: Matching service offerings and processes, International Journal of Production Economics, 2004, 89(issue 3)Mari Sako, 2012, Technology Strategy and Management Business Models for Strategy and Innovation, Communications of the ACM,2012,55(7)Du,S. &Bhattacharya, C.B.& Sen, S.2011 Corporate social responsibility and competitive advantage: Overcoming the trust barrier,Management science, 2011, 57(9)。

策略英文翻译Strategic planning is the process of determining an organization's long-term goals and objectives, and then developing a plan to achieve those goals. It involves analyzing the organization's current situation, identifying opportunities and threats, and making decisions about how to allocate resources to achieve the desired outcomes.There are several key steps involved in strategic planning. The first step is to conduct a situational analysis, which involves assessing the organization's internal capabilities and weaknesses, as well as the external environment in which it operates. This includes analyzing market trends, identifying competitors and their strengths and weaknesses, and evaluating any regulatory or legal issues that may impact the organization.Once the situational analysis is complete, the next step is to define the organization's mission, vision, and values. The mission statement outlines the organization's purpose and its unique contribution to society. The vision statement describes the desired future state of the organization, while the values statement articulates the guiding principles that will govern the organization's behavior.With the mission, vision, and values established, the next step is to set strategic goals and objectives. Strategic goals are broad statements that outline what the organization wants to achieve in the long-term, while objectives are specific, measurable, and time-bound targets that will help the organization reach its goals. These goals and objectives should be aligned with the organization'smission, vision, and values.Once the goals and objectives are set, the next step is to develop strategies to achieve them. Strategies are the specific actions that the organization will take to achieve its goals. They may involve entering new markets, developing new products or services, or building strategic partnerships. The strategies should be based on a thorough analysis of the organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.After the strategies are developed, the next step is to implement them. This involves allocating resources to the various strategies, developing action plans, and assigning responsibilities to individuals or teams. Implementation also includes monitoring progress, making necessary adjustments, and communicating the strategy and its progress to the organization's stakeholders.The final step in strategic planning is evaluation and control. This involves monitoring the progress of the strategic plan, evaluating the results, and making adjustments as needed. It is important to regularly review the plan and its implementation to ensure that it is still relevant and effective in achieving the organization's goals.In conclusion, strategic planning is a critical process for organizations to ensure their long-term success. It involves analyzing the internal and external environment, setting goals and objectives, developing strategies, implementing those strategies, and evaluating the results. By following this process, organizations can ensure that they are focused on the right priorities and are making the best use of their resources to achieve their goals.。