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Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille1.We can battle down and ride it out.<metaphor>2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. <metaphor>3.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi.<metaphor>4.and the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated. Water rose above their ankles. <simile>5.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. <simile>6.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. <simile>7.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.<simile>8.A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40feet through the air.<personification>9.Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. <transferred epithet>10. "Everybody out the back door to the cars!" John yelled. <elliptical>Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the "Liveliest〞 City in Japan1. "Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters〞. <anticlimax>2. …as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop... <alli teration>3. …where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony. <parallelism, transferred epithet>4. At last this intermezzo came to an end… <metaphor>5. This way I look at them and congratulate myself of the good fortune that my illness has brought me. <irony>6. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to theothers.<euphemism>7. Hiroshima—the "liveliest〞 [pun]City in Japan<irony>8. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treatingme.<alliteration>9. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt<synecdoche, metonymy>10. There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated. <synecdoche>11. Was I not at the scene of the crime? <rhetorical question>12. Because I had a lump in my throat…. <metaphor>13.Whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. <onomatopoeia>14.No one talks about it any more, and no one wants to, especially the peo ple who were born here or who lived through it. <climax>Lesson 3 Blackmail1.As a result the nerves of both duke and duchess were excessively frayed when the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded.<metaphor>2. His wife shot him a swift, warning glance. <metaphor>3. You drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend.<euphemism>4. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.<metaphor>5. In what conceivable way does our car concern you? <rhetorical question>6. Her voice was a whiplash. <metaphor>7. The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle. <transferred epithet>8. Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.<transferred epithet>9. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly. <onomatopoeia>10. Eyes bored into him. <metaphor>Lesson 4 A Trial that Rocked the World1> The trial that rocked the world <hyperbole>2> Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder<transferred epithet>3> The case had erupted round my head <synecdoche>4> Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted <ridicule>5> and it is a mighty strong combination <sarcasm>6> until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century <irony>7> There is some doubt about that.<sarcasm>8> No one, ... that may case would snowball into...<metaphor>9> The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety stands selling hot… <metaphor>10> Resolutely he strode to the stand, [carrying a palm fanlike a sword to repel his enemies]. <ridicule,simile>11> Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. <ridicule>12> Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a "victorious defeat〞 <oxymoron>13> ...our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere. <metaphor>14> He thundered in his sonorous organ tones. <metaphor>15〕...champion had not scorched the infidels... <metaphor>16〕…after the preliminary sparring over legalities… <metaphor>17>Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a … n. <metaphor>18>Then the court broke into a storm of applause that … <metaphor> 19〕...swept the arena like a prairie fire<simile>20>The oratorical storm … blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind<simile>21>...tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers... <Metonymy>22>The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.<Metonymy>23>His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world . <Hyperbole>24>The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes t hat he must have come from below. <antithesis>25>when bigots lighted faggots to burn... <Consonance>26>There is never a duel with the truth," he roared. "The truth always wins -- and we are not afraid of it. The truth does not need Mr. Bryan. The truth is eternal.<Repetition>27>Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. <transferred epithet>28>Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political are na like a prairie fire.<Alliteration>29>DARWIN IS RIGHT—INSIDE<pun>Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly1. Here was the veryheart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity <metaphor, transferred epithet, antithesis>2. Here waswealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination--and here werehuman habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats. <Antithesis,Repetition, hyperbole>3. There was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the age. <synecdoche>4. There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh to the Greensburg yards. There was not one that was misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby. <Understatement; Litotes>5. The country is not uncomely, despite the grim of the endless mills. <Litotes,Overstatement>6. They would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. <personification>7. On their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. <Metaphor>8. And one and all they are streaked in grim, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks. <Metaphor>9. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of a fried egg. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. <Metaphor, ridicule>10. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. <Irony, sarcasm>11. N.J. and Newport News, Va.Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy…<Metonymy>12. But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness borderingupon passion. <Ridicule>13. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror. <Irony>14.On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be positive libido for the ugly, as on the other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful. <Antithesis>15. The taste for them is as enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for the dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar A.Guest. <Metaphor>16. And some of them are appreciably better.<Sarcasm>17. They let it mellow into its present shocking depravity. <Metaphor; sarcasm>18. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. <Metaphor>19. The boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth.<hyperbole>20. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness of every house in sight. <hyperbole>21. A steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somewhere further down the line. <simile, ridicule>22. Obviously, if there were architects of any professional sense of dinity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. <sarcasm>23. By the hundreds and thousands these abominable houses cover the bare hillsides, like gravestones in some gigantic and decaying cemetery. <simile>24. They have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by a mortal eye.<hyperbole>25. They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design. <sarcasm>26. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. <hyperbole and irony>27. Beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them. <sarcasm>28. In precisely the same way the authors of the rat-trap stadium that I have mentioned made a deliberate choice. <metaphor>29. They made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a starting yellow, on top of it. <ridicule>30. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. <metaphor>31. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning. <metaphor>32. This they have converted into a thing… low-pitched roof. <inversion>33. But nowhere on this earth, at home or abroad, have I seen anything to compare to the village<inversion>34. coal and steel town<synecdoche>35. boy and man<synecdoche>36. Was it necessary to adopt that shocking color? <rhetorical question>37. Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners – dull, insensate brutes, with no love of beauty in them? <rhetorical question>38. a crazy little church. <transferred epithet>39. a bare leprous hill <transferred epithet>40. preposterous brick piers <transferred epithet>41. uremic yellow <transferred epithet>42. the obscene humor <transferred epithet>Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of America1>saw clearly ahead a black wall of night... <Metaphor>2>main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart<Metaphor>3>All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... <Metaphor>4>When railroads began drying up the demand... <Metaphor>5>...the epidemic of gold and silver fever... <Metaphor>6>Twain began digging his way to regional fame... Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles... <Metaphor>7>Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ...a memory that seemed phonographic<Simile>8>Americalaughed with him. <Hyperbole, personification>9>...to literature's enduring gratitude...<Personification>10>the grave world smiles as usual... <Personification>11>Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh<Personification>12>America laughed with him. <Personification>13>...between what people claim to be and what they really are… <Antithesis>14>...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever<Antithesis>15>… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who dilige ntly avoided contact with the enemy. <Euphemism>16>...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home<Alliteration>17>...with a dash and daring... ...a recklessness of cost or consequences...<Alliteration>18>...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe<Metonymy>19>For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed. <metaphor>20>From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.<metaphor>21>He boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers. <metaphor>22>he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men's final release from earthly struggles <euphemism>23>...took unholyverbal shots at the Holy Land... <metaphor, antithesis>24> Most Americans remember ... the father of [Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.]<parallelism, hyperbole>25>The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied --a cosmos <hyperbole>26> the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States<metaphor>27> Steamboat decks teemed...main current of...but its flotsam<metaphor>28> Twain began digging his way to regional fame... <metaphor>29> life dealt him profound personal tragedies... <personification>30> the river had acquainted him with ... <personification>31> ...an entry that will determine his course forever... <personification>32> Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. <personification>33>Keelboats, ...carried the first major commerce <synecdoche>Lesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmamma1. "Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s〞. Wangero said, laughing. <irony>2. "Mama,〞 Wangero said sweet as a bird. "can I have these old quilts?〞<simile>3. …showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse… <metaphor>4. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …<metaphor>5. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. <hyperbole>6. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. <simile>7. Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car,sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him? <metaphor>8. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out.<hyperbole>9. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. <simile>10. It is like an extended living room. <simile>11. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.<assonance>12. My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. <simile>13. She gasped like a bee had stung her. <simile>14. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. <metaphor> 15. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? <rhetorical question>。
word格式-可编辑-感谢下载支持From the short story Everyday Use,the majority people seem to like Maggie,but look down upon Dee. In their eyes,M is a sweet,docile,considerate and almost everything she does is worth our tender love.D, on the contrary,epitomize evil,despite her fashionable appearance,being a good-for-nothing. Actually,the two sisters' attitude and behaviour just represent two different ways of how to preserve heritage and art. What way is better is still a question that deserve discussing. So it is not how to treat the quilt makes people like one instead the other,but their personality.I think the reasons why people prefer M to D are as follows. First, most people have the tendency to narcissism,which makes them think they are enough powerful and strong to protect others. Showing sympathy to the vulnerable in some way reflect they are superior and they have basic morality. Second,people are easily to hate the rich,especially the guys who like to show off. The cutup will never be welcomed wherever they go. Third ,people like to go with the crowd in order not to be isolated. We are social animals,which means we are just components of the society and we'd better not show strong individuality. Last but not least,in the traditional view towards women,more understanding,more welcomed. As a women,you'd better act as Lady Be Good,loving families and traditions. All these above decides M will be successful at last,not D.Actually, i appreciate D's courage and bravery against their traditional attitudes. She changes her name into an African one,though it is wrong spelling,showing her determination to pursue what she thinks to be her root,not the half-American one. She is well-educated,can spit lotus from mouth,and follows the step of fashion all the way. She stands out everywhere and seems to be gorgeous and successful. Why does she lose the trust and love of her mother and sister at last?As a matter of fact,both of the two sisters are quite successful,one in the material world,the other spiritual. D reminds me of a movie called The Devil Wears Prada,which tells us a story about a fashionable woman,strong and respectable in appearance but heartbreaking in her heart,for she has been abandoned by her beloved husband. Everyday she pretends to be gorgeous and shining in public,but the moment she goes back home,she weeps due to her loneliness . No one has seen her tears ,no one really understands her,and no one shows sympathy to her,but only loath and hatred . Dee somewhat likes that,from education,appearance to networks and business,she is too much better than M,but it is M wins finally. I think that is why people like snow-white instead her stepmother. It is not only the matter of kindness and evil,but the simple and emotional women are more beautiful in the worldly people's eyes.We can have a lesson from the story in this particular angle,which has been told by LaoTzu.Be as good as water, for Water conserve everything but indisputable. I think that is the philosophy of life:always be smart inside but keep a low profile outside .。
高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课）第一课Face to Face With Hurricane CamilleSimile:1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire)2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train)Metaphor :1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea)2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)Personification :1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)2. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumpedit 3 1/2miles away. (The hurricane acted as a very strong man lifting something very heavy and dumping it 3 1/2 miles away.). Ⅺ.Elliptical and short simple sentences generally increase the tempo and speed of the actions being described. Hence in a dramatic narration they serve to heighten tension and help create a sense of danger and urgency. For examples see the text, paragraphs 10-18 and 21-26.Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan“Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)…as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop...…whe re thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.At last this intermezzo came to an end…But later my hair began to fall out , and my belly turned to water .I felt sick ,and ever since then they have been testing and treating me .(alliteration)Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others.Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in JapanI felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skycrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima wasrepeated .(synecdoche)Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question) Lesson 3 BlackmailMetaphor:...the nerves of both ... were excessively frayed...his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.The words spat forth with sudden savagery.Her tone ...withered......self-assurance...flickered...The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.Her voice was a whiplash.eyes bored into himI’ll spell it out.Euphemism:...and you took a lady friend.Metonymy:won 100 at the tableslost it at the barthey'll throw the book,...Onomatopoeia:appreciative chuckleclucked his tongueLesson 41) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet)3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony)7) There is some doubt about that.(sarcasm)8) "The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below"(antithesis)9) "His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world." (hyperbole)10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fanlike a sword to repel his enemies. (ridicule，simile)11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.(ridicule)12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. " (oxymoron )第五课The many metaphors and similes in the essay are largely ap propritately used in describing the ugliness of Westmoreland County.For example, in para. 3 the metaphor of comparing the houses there to pigs wallowing in the mud~ the metaphor in the same para. of comparing the patches of paint to dried up scales formed by a skin disease~and the simile in para. 2 as shown in the sentence "one blinks ... shot away", the sim ile in the same para. as shown in the sentence "a steel stadi um ~ -- the line", just to mention a few. Hyperboles are profusely used in the essay. They are mostly very effective in conveying what the author had to say.In para. 1, we read the sentence "Here was wealth ... alley cats", exaggerating the richness and grandeur of this region and of America as a whole, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earthin para. 5 we read "It is as if ... of them", which implies exaggeratedly that it is as if some genius of great power, who didn' t like to do the right things and who was an inflexible enemy of man, em ployed all the cleverness and skill of hell to build these ugly houses;and again in para. 2 there is the sentence "What al lude to " in sight", which suggests an exaggeration that is hard to believe. Not every house could have been that ugly.Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of AmericaMetaphor:Mark Twain --- Mirror of Americasaw clearly ahead a black wall of night...main artery of transportation in the young nation's heartAll would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... When railroads began drying up the demand......the epidemic of gold and silver fever...Twain began digging his way to regional fame...Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...The cast of characters... - a cosmos.America laughed with him.Personification:...to literature's enduring gratitude...the grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...America laughed with him.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are.. ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land......a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever Euphemism:… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy....men's final release from earthly struggleAlliteration...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home ...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...Metonymy...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxeLesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmama“Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangerosaid ,laughing .(ironic)“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”(simile)…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blo use…After I tripped over it two or three times he toldme …(metaphor)And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (simile)Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car ,sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him?(metaphor) I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)It is like an extended living room. (simile)Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)She gasped like a bee had stung her.(simile)Wangero said, sweet as a bird. (simile)Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? (rhetorical question)You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)。
