小升初英语语法总结及习题形容词和副词的比较级

形容词和副词A、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。

比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。

than 后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。

2．形容词加er的规则：⑴一般在词尾加er ；⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；⑶以辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾(除ow结尾)，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。

(5)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more 如：beautiful-more beautiful3．不规则形容词比较级：good-betterB、副词的比较级1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+….如： Lily ran as slow as an old woman.(莉莉跑得像老太太一样慢)They picked as many apples as the farmers.(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+….如： Lily did not run as slow as an old woman. (莉莉跑得不像老太太那样慢)They didn’t pick as many apples as the farmers. (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)形容词和副词专项练习一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old____________ young____________ tall___________ long____________short____________ strong____________ big____________small___________fat_____________ thin______________ heavy__________ light___________nice_____________ good_____________ beautiful______________________low______________ high_____________ slow___________ fast_____________late______________ early_____________ far___ __________ well_________二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary's hair is as __________(long) as Lucy's.7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).15.The child doesn't______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.三、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。

第二讲：形容词、副词—、【考点解读】小学阶段已经接触过大量的形容词，开始学习形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)的用法及区别, 特别是比较等级的表达方式。

小朋友要初步掌握形容词和副词的区别，比较级最高级表达及运用，并且能够在句子中熟练运用它们。

二、【知识讲解】知识点1——形容词形容词定义是用来描述事物特征的词,如事物的大小，形状，颜色等;也可以用来陈述事物的状态。

主要修饰名词和代词。

1、形容词的句法作用(1)形容词+名词，作定语：a good girl (good作girl的定语)(形容词排列顺序参见《第一讲：名词》)(2)系动词+形容词，作表语：It is good. / It sounds great, (good/ great 表明it 的状态和性质)※部分表语形容词，只能位于系动词后面作表语，不能作定语eg : alone, alive, asleep, afraid, well, ill(3)动词+宾语+形容词，做宾语补足语：(make / keep/find...adj.)Robots can make humans lazy, (humans 是宾语，lazy 作宾*卜)What he said kept me calmer and calmer.All of us find English difficult.(4)形容词或词组，+句子/句子，+形容词或词组，做状语He arrived home, hungry and cold.(5)数量+表示长、宽、高、深、年龄等形容词(形容词后置)eg : two meters long, ten centimeters wide, twenty feet deep, 28 years old.(6)the+形容词，表示一类人，：the old老人the young年轻人the rich富人the poor 穷人※以上的这些词组表示的是复数，所以谓语动词用原形。

小升初-形容词、副词1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。

形容词和副词有三种形式：原形、比较级、最高级。

比较级：+er 最高级：the …+est两个重要特征：as……as中间一定用原形，than的前面一定要+er。

2、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下：（1）一般直接+er。

如：tall - taller, fast - faster 单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r。

如：late - later（2）重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须双写这个字母，再加-er。

如：big - bigger, fat - fatter（3）以辅音字母加-y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er。

如：heavy - heavier, early - earlier （4）双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成。

如：beautiful - more beautiful, careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting（5）有些不规则变化的，须逐一加以记忆。

如：good/well –better, bad/ill –worse, many/much –more, far –farther/further, old –older/elder…练一练：1、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级。

big good long tall old short thin heavy young fatlight strong high far low early late well fast slow2、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish, I think.2) Look! His hands are _______ ( big ) than mine.3) I think you do these things_______ ( well ) than your classmates.4) Whose bag is _______ ( heavy ), yours or mine?5) Does Jim run as _______（slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_______ ( slow ) than them.6) You have seven books, but I have _______ ( many ) than you. I have ten.7) I jump _______ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class.8) I’m very_______ ( thin ), but she’s _______ ( thin ) than me.9) It gets _______and_______ ( warm ) when spring comes here.。

Ⅰ.语法知识Ⅰ.语法知识一、定义一、定义（1）形容词：用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词。

）形容词：用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词。

e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry 等。

等。

（2）副词：用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词的词。

）副词：用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词的词。

e.g.very, e.g.very, early, out, soon, quickly 等。

用 法法例 句句 修饰动词修饰动词I don’t speak English well.I don’t speak English well. 修饰形容词修饰形容词Reading is very important. 修饰副词修饰副词 He didn’t run fast eno He didn’t run fast enough. ugh.二、形容词比较级，最高级变化规律二、形容词比较级，最高级变化规律一一)、形容词比较级和最高级的构成、形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下① 一般单音节词末尾加① 一般单音节词末尾加er er 和和 est est 例如：例如：例如：strong----stronger----strongest strong----stronger----strongest② 单音节词如果以② 单音节词如果以e 结尾，只加r r 和和st st 例如：例如：例如：strange----stranger----strangest strange----stranger----strangest ③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母， 须先双写这个辅音字母，再加 er est 和 est sad---sadder---saddest, big---- bigger----biggest, hot---- hotter----hottest ④ 少数以④ 少数以 y，结尾的双音节词，末尾加er 和est est（以（以y 结尾的词，如y 前是辅音字母，把y 变成i ，再加er 和est est）），angry--- angrier--- angrest ⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more 和mostdifferent---more different---the most differentbeautiful---more beautiful---the most beautiful二）二）、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式good/well----better----best, bad/ill----worse----worstmany/much----more----most, little/few----less----leastfar----farther/ further ----farthest/furthest★注意：形容词最高级的前面要加the三、副词比较级和最高级的形式三、副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。

基础题（适合五六年级）1.写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____ heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____ brightly______ _____ badly _____ _______ far____ _____ quickly _____ ______happy_____ ______ unhappy________答案:写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long longer longestwide wider widestfat fatter fattestheavy heavier heaviestslow slower slowestfew fewer fewestbrightly more brightly most brightlybably worse worstfar farther farthestquickly more quickly most quicklyhappy happier happiestunhappy unhappier unhappiest2.根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1)Mr. Smith is _________ man in this office. (rich)2)Winter is _________ season of the years. (cold)3)This radio is not so ________ as that one. (cheap)4)It is much _______ today than yesterday. (hot)5)She is a little ________ than her classmates. (careful)6)________ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)7)Which book is ________, this one or that one? (easy)8)My room is _______ than yours. (small)9）Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but __________ (tall) than Fred.10）Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat)than before .11）-- How _________ (tall) is Sally?-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling? -- She' s only 1.40 metres ______ (tall). She is much _______(short) than Sally.She is also the _______ (short)girlin theclass.12）An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) thana watermelon.13）Mr. Lin ________ ________ _________ Mr. Brown. (sad)14）The basketball _______ ________ ________ the baseball. (big)15）The Nile(尼羅河) is ______ ________river in the world. (long)16）She is_______ than all the other students. (young)17）The window is ________ ________ of the two. (narrow)3.选择题1）She is ________ than ________ .A. busier / usB. busier / weC. more busy / usD. more busy / we2）Jane is ________ than Betty.A. less tallerB. less tallestC. less tallD. not as tall3）China is ________ country in the world.A. the third largestB. the largest thirdC. the third largeD. a third largest4）-Which is ____ season in Beijing?-I think it's autumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.the best5）- Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?-- Of course, the moon is.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.the smallest6）The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.A. cleanB. cleanerC. cleanestD. the cleanest7）Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.A. cheapB. cheaperC. cheapestD. the cheapest8）I study English as_______as my brother.A.hardB. harderC. hardest9）Which is _____ , a bicycle or a computer?A.expensiveB.more expensiveC.the most expensive10）The Yellow River is one of ______rivers in China.A.longB.longerC.the longest11)She is the second _______student in our class.A.tallB.tallerC.tallest提分题（适合初一、二）1.翻译句子：1）本书跟那本书一样有趣。

小升初英语英语学习形容词与副词的比较级及变化规则小升初是孩子最重要的起步方向，我们需要关注怎样的信息才能对孩子的未来有帮助呢?学习啦网告诉大家!1、一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books，bag-bags，cat-cats，bed-beds2、以s、x、sh、ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses，box-boxes，brush-brushes，watch-watches3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es，如：family-families，strawberry-strawberries4、以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v，再加-es，如：knife-knives5.不规则名词复数：man-men，woman- women，policeman-policemen，policewoman-policewomen，mouse-micechild- childrenfoot-feet，、tooth-teethfish-fish，people-people，Chinese- Chinese，Japanese-Japanese单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。

构成法原级比较级最高级--------------------------------------------------------一般单音节词tall(高的)tallertallest未尾加-er，-estgreat(巨大的)greatergreatest以不发音的e结尾nice(好的)nicernicest的单音词和少数large(大的)largerlargest以-le结尾的双able(有能力的)ablerablest音节词只加-r，-st以一个辅音字母big(大的)biggerbiggest结尾的闭音节单hot热的)hotterhottest音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est"以辅音字母+y"easy(容易的)easiereasiest结尾的双音节词，busy(忙的)busierbusiest改y为i，再加-er，-est少数以-er，-owclever(聪明的)cleverercleverest 结尾的双音节词narrow(窄的)narrowernarrowest 未尾加-er，-est其他双音节词和important(重要的)多音节词，在前moreimportant面加more，mostmostimportant来构成比较级和easily(容易地) 最高级。

小升初英语专项训练--形容词、副词比较级和最高级比较级和最高级专题一比较级知识点1：Your flat is ________ (small)than mine．句中有than，因此用比较级：smallerWhich is ________ (quick)，the plane or the car?句中有plane, car两个做比较，因此用比较级：quicker知识点2：比较级加-er的规则⑴一般在词尾加er ；tall—taller fast—faster⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；large—larger nice—nicer⑶以一个元音一个辅音结尾（重读闭音节），应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；hot—hotter（o是元音，t是辅音）⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。

busy—busier early—earlier⑸多音节形容词或副词前面直接加moredelicious—more delicious beautiful—more beautiful知识点3：不规则形容词比较级：good / well---better bad / ill---worse many / much---more little---less old---older（新旧或年龄）/ elder（兄弟姐妹的长幼关系）far---farther（表示距离，译为“更远”）/further（表示程度，译为“进一步”如进一步学习：further study）练习训练1：一、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级。

fast ______ wide ______ easy _______ early________small______ large________ long ______ busy_______thin________ fat _______ good________ little________学科网well________ far________ ________ difficult___________many\much ________ old_______ _______ nice ________beautiful____________ dangerous_________expensive___________ friendly___________二、用所给形容词和副词的适当形式填空1、I’m ________ (thin)than my friend．2、My brother is ________ (heavy)than I．3、Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.4、Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5、Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.三、进阶训练My ___ brother is ___ than I.A. elder, three years olderB. older ; olderC. older; three years elderD. elder ; elder答案：一、faster , wider , easier , earlier , smaller , larger , longer ,busier , thinner , fatter , better , less , better , farther/further , more diffiult , more , nicer , older/elder , more beautiful ,more dangerous , more expensive , more friendly二、1、thinner 2、heavier 3、younger (这三句均有标志词than)4、thinner5、bigger （这两句中or是对两者的比较）三、A（解析：第一个空是表示兄弟的长幼关系用elder，第二个空是年龄用older）专题二最高级知识点1：It is ________ (beautiful)block in Rose Garden Estate．句中有in，因此用最高级：the most beautifulIt is the ________ (big)apple on the tree．句中已有the，因此用最高级：biggestWhich is ________(tall),Amy,Alice or Sarah.句中有Amy,Alice ,Sarah三个做比较，因此用最高级tallest知识点2：最高级加-est的规则⑴一般在词尾加est : tall—tallest fast—fastest⑵以字母e 结尾，加st ；large—largest nice—nicest⑶以一个元音和一个辅音结尾（重读闭音节），应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加est ；hot—hottest big—biggest⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加est 。

形容词，副词比较级和最高级讲解及练习一、不规则变化1.原级:可用very, quite, so, too,等词修饰. e.g Jim is very tall.2.比较级:可用much ,far, even, a lot ,a little ,a bit 等修饰.其主要句型有：⑴比较级+than e.g Mary is much younger than Sue.⑵疑问句+动词+比较级,AorB? e.g Who draws better ,Tom or Jim?⑶Which …like better, A or B? e.g Which do you like better ,maths or English?⑷比较级+ and+比较级，表示越来越…e.g the days are getting shorter and shorter.⑸the +比较级, the + 比较级,表示越…越…e.g he says ,”the busier ,the better.”3.最高级: 形容词的最高级要加定冠词the , 副词最高级可省略the, 主要句型有:⑴the + 最高级+of/ ina. in 表示“在…内(指某范围内)”可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词.b. of表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接the +基数词/ the +基数词+名词复数/ all +the +复数名词/alleg. Jim works hardest of us all.My mother is the busiest in my family⑵疑问词+ 动词+ 最高级⑶which …like best, A, B or C?三.使用比较级和最高级的几个注意点①比较应在同类事物中进行.②避免双重比较.③比较级和最高级前的修饰语不可误用.④最高级后的介词in与of.a. in 表示“在…内(指某范围内)”可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词.b. of表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接the +基数词/ the +基数词+名词复数/ all +the +复数名词/all⑤形容词的最高级前要用the⑥比较级前不加the.一、Do some exercises.(同义句转换)1. He is the tallest student in his class.He is _______ _____ ______ ______ student in his class. He is ______ ______ ______ ______ students in his class.2. Peter draws well, Lilei draws better. Lilei draws __best____ of the two.3. The tractor goes faster than the bike. The bike goes _much____ _slower_____ than the tractor.4. His cakes dearer than the twins’ cakes. His cake is _most_____ _dearest______ of the three.二、选择填空:1. Which does Jim like___B____, Chinese or Art?A. wellB. bestC. betterD. much2. The Chang Jiang River is one of ___A________ in the world.A. the longest riverB. longest riversC. the longest riversD. longer rivers3.My mooncake is nicer ____D____ his.A. likeB. withC. forD. than5.You are fatter than____C_______. .A. heB. hisC. himD. he is tall6. He jumps__C_______of the three.A. farB. furtherC. farthestD. furthest7.My hair is longer than __D______ .A. my sisterB. KateC. my brother’sD. Lucys’8. There is__B_____ paper here .Please bring some.A. littleB. lessC. fewerD. a little9. The pen is__C_____than that one.A. more cheapB. cheapC. much cheaperD. quite cheaper10.Tom speaks Chinese___D_____ better than Jimmy.A. moreB. veryC. a lot ofD. much11.There are____A____ girls in Class Two than in Class Four.A. moreB. nicestC. mostD. best12.It’s too for you to do that.A. easyB. more dangerousC. harderD. the easiest13. Who has___A_____ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?A. muchB. biggestC. betterD. the most14. Tingting is____D___ than Meimei, but Meimei is_________than Tingting.A. tall, strongerB. taller, strongestC. tallest, strongD. taller, stronger15.Mother is in my family.A. busyB. busierC. the busiestD. more busy16.The dumplings are___D____than the noodles, I think.A. more nicerB. much deliciousC. very niceD. much more delicious17.She is__D______ than me at drawings.A. betterB. bestC. goodD. harder18.-This blue sweater is too big for me .-Will you please show me a___B___ one?A. smallB. smallerC. the smallestD. smallest三、改错1. Lesson 9 is more（去掉more）easier than Lesson 10.2. My mother is younger than your.（you）.3. He is one of longest boys(boy) in his class.4. The boy doesn’t draw much well(better).5. Betty is the youngest on(in) the three girls.6. Tom runs faster than any other girl(girls) in his class.7. There is fewer(less) bread in the fridge.8. Mother is the busiest of(in) my family.9. You can jump very(much) higher on the moon than on the earth.10. Mary’s hair is longer than my sister.(sister’s)11. The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai.(Shanghai’s)12. The apples in this basket are better than them(others) in that basket.13. The Changjiang River is longer than any river(rivers) in China.14. China is larger than any other country(countrys) in Europe.15. His older brother is elder than I(me).16. Our country is getting more beautiful(去掉beautiful) and more beautiful.17. This classroom is three times as bigger as(去掉as) that one.18. Who is (the) tallest student in our school?19. Which do you like better(best), apples, bananas or pears?20. This box is more(去掉more) heavier than that one.21. Tom is the youngest in(of)the three22. Today is our the busiest day.(√)23. I think math is (much) more difficult than Chinese.24. Mike is so(as) tall as Jack.25. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim jumped.(去掉jumped)26. The Yellow River is the second longer(longest) river in China.27. We must get farther(further) information.四、用括号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空:1. This horse is very __strong______ (strong), but that horse is much _stronger________ (strong) than this one.2. It’s so late, so I drive the car ___more slowly________(slowly) than usual.3. He went ____further__________(far) than the other explorers.4. The __less__(little) you eat, the __thiner_______(thin) you are.5. The Beijing Library is one of ___the biggest_______(big) libraries in China.6. The street is as __long_____(long) as that one, but it is_wider____ (wide) than that one.7. His drawing isn’t so __good_____(good) as yours.8. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes ___smaller_______(small) and ___smaller_______(small).9. This piano is ___more __ expensive _________(expensive) than the other two. It is_____more __ expensive ______________(expensive) of the three.10. Which is ___the most difficult_____________(difficult), English, physics or biology?五、合并句子，每空一词：1. Lucy is 8 years old. Lily is 8 years old, too.Lucy is __as____ __old____ __as____ Lily.2. Danny is 15. Jenny is 12.Jenny is __much____ _younger_____ than Danny.3. Jim jumps 2 metres high. Tom jumps 3 metres high.Tom jumps _further_______ than_______ Jim.4. Jenny jumps far. Brain jumps farther than Jenny. Danny jumps farther than Brain. Danny jumps __farthest______ ___in____ the three.5. A car runs 150 kilometres per hour. A bike runs 50 kilometres per hour.A car runs __as____ _three______ _times_____ __as____ as a bike.六、同义句转换，每空一词：1. Mike is not so/as tall as Jack.Jack is _taller_______ __than______ Mike.2. He is the youngest in his class.He is younger than __any___ _other______ _student______ in his class.He is younger than ______ ______ ________ in his class.3. The cheetah is faster than any other animal in the world.The cheetah is _faster___ ___than_____ animal in the world. (同上)The __most______ fastest animal is the cheetah.4. Japanese is less useful than Chinese.Japanese _____ as/so useful _____ Chinese.6. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim.Li Ying jumped farther than Jim __jumped______.七、汉译英：1. Jack和Mike一样高。

小学英语专题训练——形容词一．形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质，状态，和特征。

形容词在句中作定语，表语，宾语，补语。

She is a good student，and she works hard.她是一个好学生，她学习努力。

This bike is expensive.这辆自行车很贵。

I am sorry，I'm busy now.对不起，我现在很忙。

Have you got everything ready for the meeting?你为这次会议做好准备吗?二．形容词在句中的位置:1．形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。

如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定，越密切的形容词越靠近名词。

如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面，音节多的形容词放在后面。

2．英语单词中，something，anything，nothing 等不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词放在名词后面。

I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事要告诉你。

Is there anything interesting in the film?电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？There is nothing dangerous here.这儿一点都不危险。

3．由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。

This is a book easy to read.这是一本容易读的书。

4．用and 或or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。

起进一步解释的作用。

Everybody，man and woman，old and young，should attend the meeting.每一个人，男女老少，都应该参加会议。

You can take any box away，big or small.这些箱子，不管大小，你都可以拿走。