英语中形容词与副词的讲解
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形容词概念
形容词，修饰名词，用来表示名词的性质和特征的。
位置：通常放在所修饰名词的前面，
an interesting book, a beautiful smile, my best friend
但当修饰不定代词的形容词要放在后面，如something important, anything wrong, everything right.
多个形容词修饰名词的排序
观点形容词（opinion objective）+ 描绘形容词（descriptive adjective）
观点形容词:表述个人主观上对事物的看法，如good, lovely, beautiful
描绘形容词：描绘事物本身固有的特征，如white, red, old
排序：限定词（a, the, my, three, this）- 观点-大小-形状-新旧-颜色-国籍-质地材料-中心名词
This beautiful, big, old, red, Chinese, wooden table was my grandmother’s.
有时形容词不一定按照顺序罗列，主要看强调谁。
形容词的比较级和最高级
规则变化
单音节词，一个元音和一个或者几个辅音构成一个音节。
1.词尾加-er和-est , 分别构成比较级和最高级tall/taller/tallest, bright/brighter/brightest
2.以字母e结尾的词，直接在词尾加-r和-st，brave/braver/bravest, late/later/latest
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词应先变y为i，再加-er和-est , shy/shier/shiest
4.以“一个元音+辅音”结尾的短词，要先双写词尾的辅音字母，然后再加-er和-est,
fat/fatter/fatterest,
双音节词，
1.绝大多数在词前加more和most, tiring, more tiring, most tiring
2.以-y结尾的双音节形容词，要先变y为i, 再加-er和-est, happy/happier/happiest,
early/earlier/earliest
3.少数几个双音节词，两者都可以，clever，cleverer/more clever, cleverest/most clever，这样的词还有，common，simple
多音节词，三个或更多音节
1.在词前加more和most构成比较级和最高级
不规则变化
good, better, best,
many/much, more, most
此外还有，bad/worse/worst, far, farther/further, farthest/furthest, old, older/elder, oldest/eldest, little/less/least , late, later/latter, latest/last,
复合形容词比较级
well-known, better-known, best-known
下列形容词没有比较级，如right, wrong, excellent, final, last, possible, first, east, empty, wooden, impossible
形容词比较级句型
1. the+比较级, 更…, 越…
He is the taller of the two brothers.
I think this painting is the more interesting of the two.
The busier he is, the happier he is.
2.than…，比…, no more… than. 和…一样不
Winter is colder than summer.
He is more careful than you.
He is less careful than you.
She is no more careful than you.
I think this painting is mor e interesting than that one.
3.as…as…，和…一样，
not so/as…as…, 不如
He is as diligent as the monitor.
Tom is not so busy as Dick.
4.more and more 句型, 比较级and比较级, 越来越
The city is becoming more and more beautiful.
The female singer is getting fatter and fatter.
5.可以修饰比较级的词
用表示程度的词或短语来修饰，a bit, a little bit, a lot, any, even, far, much, rather等。
Are you feeling any better？
形容词最高级的用法
最高级前一般需要加the
This the most interesting book of all.
1.最高级+名词+范围
It is the most expensive car in the world.
2.序数词+最高级+名词+范围
The Huanghe River is the second largest river in China.
3.最高级+of+名词+范围
Gold is the least useful of all metals.
4.one of +最高级+ 名词+范围
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.
5.否定词加比较级表示最高级
I have never heard a better song. = This is the best song I have ever heard.
No one can be more careful than he is.
6.表示倍数的几种句式
倍数+as+比较级+as
倍数+比较级+than
倍数+the+size, length + of
Asia is four times as large as Europe. = Asia is four times larger than Europe. = Asia is four times the size of Europe.
副词, 通常修饰动词，run quickly
副词构成规则
一般情况，+ly, quick-quickly, brav-bravely, immediate-immediately
结尾有l的，通常+y, full-fully, dull-dully,
结尾有e的，把e去掉，+ly, simple-simply, gentle-gently, true-truly
辅音字母+y结尾, easy-easily, happy-happily, heavy-heavily, busy-busily
副词的比较级
规则变化，同形容词
不规则变化
well-better-best, badly-worse-worst, much-more-most, little-less-least, far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
副词比较级句型
同形容词, 把形容词换成副词
I can run faster than him.
Josie speaks Chinese no more frequently than her brother.
The car runs less smoothly than it used to.
This kind of language appeared as early as the Stone Age.
It doesn’t rain so/as frequently here as it does in our country.
The more we know each other, the better we understand each other. The fire spread further and further.
副词最高级不加the
Of all the subjects, I like art best.。
