高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Robots课时作业 新人教版选修7-新人教版高三选修7英语试题

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- 1 - / 9 Unit 2 Robots

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

[2020·昆明市高三复习诊断]Artificial intelligence(AI) technology may soon be

a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like

liver cancer in ways that were never before possible.

Rishi Rawat, who teaches AI at the University of Southern California in Los

Angeles, is part of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can

more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver. Rawat provides information about

cancer cells to a computer. He says, “You can put the data into them and they will

learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that's important for making

decisions.〞

David Agus is another researcher. He believes that machines are not going to

take the place of doctors. “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help

make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can't recognize by

itself.〞

Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the

patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the

kind of cancer. Nowadays, researchers take a thin piece of tissue (组织), put it on

a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better. That process could take

days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better

than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns

or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.

The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of

cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus says the process could be done for almost

no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about

patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.

The researchers of the university are now only studying liver cancer. But doctors

predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer. word

- 2 - / 9 1．What can AI do with the help of the information provided by the researchers?

A．Recognize cancer patterns.

B．Treat liver cancer.

C．Collect useful information.

D．Store cancerous cells.

2．What can we learn about AI?

A．It will be able to replace doctors.

B．Patients are unlikely to be cancerous again with its help.

C．It is making a difference in taking care of patients.

D．It can recognize cancer more accurately.

3．What's the author's attitude towards the future of AI?

A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful.

C．Curious. D．Cold.

4．What is the best title for the text?

A．AI Is Used to Treat Cancers

B．AI May Compete with Doctors

C．AI May Make Doctors Better

D．AI Is Better at Curing Cancers

B

[2020·南昌模拟]Robots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks, such

as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. They are also finding

applications as household help and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbers of

machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety

of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave

towards them becomes ever more urgent.

A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor

of Developmental Psychology at Ludwig­Maximilians­Universitaet(LMU), have carried

out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave

towards them based on moral principles.

According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question:

“Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human word

- 3 - / 9 lives？〞 The participants were faced with a hypothetical (假设的) moral dilemma:

Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of

injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human,

a humanoid robot that had been humanized to various degrees or a robot that was clearly

recognizable as a machine.

The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely

participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which

the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings,

experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from

sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (无名的) humans.

“This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status

to the robot，〞 says Paulus. “One possible suggestion of this finding is that

attempts to humanize robots should not go too far. Such efforts could come into

conflict with their intended function — to be of help to us.〞