英语词汇学重点名词解释

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英语词汇学重点名词解释

Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the

origins and meanings of words.

Morphology : the study of morpheme and their different

forms.

Semantics:the study of word meaning.

Etymology: the study of the origin of words, and of their

history and changes in their meaning.

Stylistics : the study of the variation in language which

is dependent on the situation in which the language is used

and also on the effect the writer or speaker wishes to

create on the reader or hearer

Lexicography : the piling of dictionaries.

Synchronic study : the study of a word or words at one

particular point in time.

Diachronic study: an approach to lexicology which studies

how a word (or words) changes over a period of time. word:

a word is a minimal free form of a language that has a

given sound and meaning and syntactic function.

vocabulary:Vocabulary refers to the total number of the

words in a language, but it can stand for all the words

used in a particular historical period.Vocabulary also

refers to all the words of a given dialect, given book, a

given discipline

and the words possessed by an individual person.

Terminology术语 consists of technical terms used in

particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicine:

Jargon 行话refers to the specialized vocabularies by which

members of particular arts, sciences, trades and

professions municate among themselves such as in business.

slang 俚语belongs to the sub-standard language, a category

that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group

words

Argot黑话 generally refers to the jargon of criminals. Its

use is confined to the sub-cultural groups, and outsiders

can hardly understand it,

Archaisms古词语 are words or forms that were once in mon

use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited

use.

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