英国文学中的名词解释

英国文学-名词解释-学习好资料欢迎下载1.epic 史诗:a long narrative poem, grand in style, about heroes and heroic deeds, embodying heroicideals of a nation or race in the making. Beowulf is the English national epic that was passed from mouth to mouth and written down by many unknown hands.2.Conceit:a kind of metaphor that makes a comparison between two startlingly different things. Aconceit usually provides the framework for an entire poem. An especially unusual and intellectual kind of conceit is the metaphysical conceit, used by certain 17th-century poets, such as John Donne..3.Epiphany(顿悟）: a sudden revelation of truth about life inspired by a seemingly trivial incident4.Metaphysical poetry:玄学诗派the poetry of John Donne and other 17th-century poets who wrotein a similar style. It is characterized by verbal wit and excess, ingenious structure, irregular meter, colloquial language, elaborate imagery, and a drawing together of dissimilar ideas .5.Stream of consciousness意识流: a kind of writing technique in which a character's perceptions, thoughts, andmemories are presented in an apparently random form, without regard for logical sequence, chronology, or syntax.Often such writing makes no distinction between various levels of reality--such as dreams, memories, imaginative thoughts or real sensory perception.6.heroic couplet 英雄双韵体two successive lines of rhymed poetry in iambic pentameter.Geoffrey Chaucer’s masterpiece The Canterbury Tale was written in heroic couplet.7.ballad meter 民谣体traditionally a four-line stanza containing alternating four-stress and three-stress lines, usually with a refrain and the rhyme scheme of abcb. Robert Burns’ “A Red, Red Rose” is a great love ballad.8.sonnet 十四行诗a fixed form consisting of fourteen lines of 5-foot iambic verse. It first flourished in Italy in the 14thcentury. William Shakespeare was a great English sonnet writer famous for his 154 sonnets.9.iambic pentameter 五步抑扬格the basic line in English verse, with five feet in a line, usually an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable. It was probably introduced by Geoffrey Chaucer and certainly established by him in The Canterbury Tales.10.image 意象a concrete representation of an object or sensory experience. Typically, such a representation helpsevoke the feelings associated with the object or experience itself. Many images are conveyed by figurative language. An image may be visual, olfactory, tactile, auditory, gustatory, abstract and kinaesth etic. The rose in Robert Burns’ poem “A Red, Red Rose” is a beautiful image.11.“Dramatic monologue”戏剧独白that is a lyric poem which reveals “ a soul in action” through the conversation of one character in a dramatic situation. T he character is speaking to an identifiable but silent listener at a dramatic monent in the speaker’s life.12.blank verse 无韵诗，素体诗unrhymed iambic pentameter, the most widely used of English verse forms and usually used in English dramatic and epic poetry. William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet is written in blank verse.13.Sonnet is a verse form of fourteen lines, in English characteristically in iambic pentameter and most often in one of the two rhyme schemes: the Italian(or Petrarchan) or Shakespearean14.essay 散文a composition, usually in prose, which may be of only a few hundred words or of book length andwhich discusses, formally or informally, a topic or a variety of topics. It is one of the most flexible and adaptable of all literary forms. Francis Bacon is a great essayist; his “Of Studies” is a model of good essay.15.English Romanticism 英国浪漫主义a literary movement that aimed at free expres sion of the writer’s ideas and feelings and flourished in学习好资料欢迎下载the early 19th century England. A great representative of this movement is Percy Bysshe Shelley, the author of “Ode to the West Wind”.16.Naturalism自然主义: A literary movement seeking to depict life as accurately as possible, without artificial distortions of emotion, idealism, and literary convention. The school of thought is a product of post-Darwinian biology in the nineteenth century.17.Sentimentalism感伤主义：It is a literal movement in the middle of the 18th century in England which concentrateson the distressed of the poor unfortunate and virtuous people and demonstrates that effusive emotion was evidence of kindness and goodness.18.Bildungsroman: a novel that traces the initiation, development, and education of a young person. Examples are Dickens’s David Copperfield and James Joyce’s Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man./doc/b03339706.html,ke poets 湖畔诗人the three romantic poets who lived in the Lake District of England and wrote poems about nature.William Wordsworth was the most famous of the lake poets; he wrote many great nature poems, including “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”.20.poet laureate 桂冠诗人A poet honored for his artistic achievement or selected as mostrepresentative of his country or era; in England, a court official appointed by the sovereign, whose original duties included the composition of odes in honor of the sovereign’s birthday and in celebration of state occasions of importance. William Wordsworth became poet laureate in 1843. 21.Realism现实主义: An elastic and ambiguous term with two meanings. (1) First, it refers generally to any artistic orliterary portrayal of life in a faithful, accurate manner, unclouded by false ideals, literary conventions, or misplaced aesthetic glorification and beautification of the world. It is a theory or tendency in writing to depict events in human life in a matter-of-fact, straightforward manner.22.Allegory is a tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas ormoral qualities. Thus, an allegory is a story with two meaning,a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.23.Byronic hero is a character-type found in Byron’s narrative Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. He is aboldly defiant but bitterly self-tormenting outcast, proudly contemptuous of social norms but suffering for some unnamed sin. Emily Bronte’s Heath cliff is a late r example.24.启蒙运动:The 18th century marked the beginning of an intellectual movement in Europe, known as theEnlightenment, which was, on the whole, an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempt to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual needs and requirements of people.25.English Renaissance 英国文艺复兴the literary flowering of England in the late 16th century and early 17th century, with humanism as its keynote. William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is considered the summit of this renaissance.。

①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄).②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation.③Romance:The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths.④Epic:An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics.⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》).⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里▪乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse.⑦【William Langland威廉▪朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】The English Bible:The first complete English Bible was translated by John Wycliffe(约翰▪威克里夫). The Authorized Version is King James Bible made in 1611. The result is a monument of English language and English literature.Renaissance:Renaissance or the birth of letters is an intellectual movement. Its two features are a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature and the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.William Caxton威廉▪卡克斯顿: He is the first English printer and invented in England the profession of publisher.Thomas More托马斯▪莫尔:The greatest of the English humanists was Thomas More, the author of Utopia《乌托邦》. He is also one of such “giants”(巨匠) of the Renaissance. He distinguished himself as a learned scholar, a master of Latin, a witty talker, a lover of music, an honest statesman , and a man of noble character, modest but steadfast(坚定的), to his convictions. He was a far-sighted thinker, aspired for a totally new society with happy, classless, and free from poverty and exploitation. He was one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.Utopia:It is More’s masterpiece, written in the form of a conservation between More and Hythloday, a returned voyager. It is divided into two books. The first book contains a long discussion on the social conditions of England. In the second book is described in detail an ideal communist society, Utopia. The name “Utopia” comes from Greek words meaning “no place” and was adopted by More as the name of his ideal commonwealth.Philip Sidney菲利普▪锡德尼: He is well-known as a poet and critic of poetry. His collection of love sonnets, Astrophel and Stella《爱星者与星》, was published in 1591.Edmund Spenser埃德蒙▪斯宾塞(莎翁之前最杰出的英国诗人)：The poet’s poet of the period was ES who was buried beside Chaucer in Westminster Abbey. ES has held his position as a model of poetical art among the Renaissance English poets, and his influence can be traced in the works of Milton, Shelley, and Keats. ES is the first master to make that language the natural music of his poetic effusions(感情的流露). His sonnets in Amoretti, together with Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella and Shakespeare’s sonnets ,are the most famous sonnet sequences of the Elizabeth Age.【In 1579 he wrote The Shepherd’s Calendar《牧人日记》which marked the budding(萌芽) of the Renaissance flower in the northern island of England. The faerie Queen 《仙后》is his greatest work which was dedicated to Queen Elizabeth.】Francis Bacon: He is the founder of English materialist philosophy and the founder of modern science in England. His New Instrument is called the Inductive Method of reasoning. He is also the first English essayist. To give a few, “Men fear death as children fear to go in the dark..”“Studies serve for delight.”“Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing anexact man.”Drama: The Miracle Play圣迹剧The Morality Play道德剧寓意剧The Interlude幕间节目Christopher Marlowe克里斯托弗·马洛: The most gifted of the “university wits”was Christopher Marlowe. His best work include 3 of his plays, Tamburlaine《帖木儿大帝》(1587), The Jew of Malta《马耳岛的犹太人》(1592), and Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士》(1588). He was the greatest of the pioneers of English drama. His work paved the way for the plays of the greatest English dramatist——Shakespeare——whose achievements were the monument of the English Renaissance. 【His plays show the spirit of the rising bourgeoisie, its eager curiosity for knowledge, its towering pride, its insatiable(不知足的) appetite for power won by military, might, knowledge, or gold. The theme of his plays is the praise of individuality freed from the restraints of medieval dogmas and law, and the conviction of the boundless possibility of human efforts in conquering the universe. The heroes in his plays are merely individualists, their individualistic ambition often brings ruin to the world and sometimes to themselves.】William Shakespeare: Shakespeare is one of the founders of realism in world literature. His dramatic creation often used the method of adaptation. Shakespeare long experience with the stage and his intimate knowledge of dramatic art thus acquired make him a master hand for playwriting. Shakespeare was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet, and the dramatic blank verse. He was especially at home with the blank verse. Shakespeare was a great master of the English language. Shakespeare has been universally acknowledged to be the summit of the English Renaissance, and one of the greatest writers over the world.①The great comedies:A Midsummer Might’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, As You Like It,Twelfth Night.②The great tragedies:Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth.The Merchant of V enice:威尼斯富商安东尼奥Antonio为了成全好友巴萨尼奥Bassanio的婚事，向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克Shylock借债。

英国文学史名词解释1、Romanticism:浪漫主义An artistic and intellectual movement originating in Europe in the late 18th century and characterized by a heightened interest in nature, emphasis on the individual's expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism.English literary romanticism is from the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads in 1798 to the death of Sir Walter Scott in 1832.2、Byronic hero: 拜伦式英雄an idealized but flawed character exemplified in the life and writings of Byron:＊an exile流亡者, an outcast流浪者or an outlaw 歹徒＊being cynical愤世嫉俗的, rebellious反抗的, lonely＊against government, religion or moral values singly逐一地＊being passionate热情的, energetic积极的, talented多才的3、ottava rima ：Italian stanza form established by Boccaccio,An eight-line stanza of poetry in iambic pentameter (a five-foot line in which each foot consists of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable), following the abababcc rhyme scheme.4、Critical realism:批判现实主义English critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the early fifties. The critical realists described with much vividness and artistic skill the chief traits of the English society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint. The representative realists of the time were Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, the Bronte sisters, Mrs. Gaskell, etc.The critical realists not only gave a satirical portrayal of the bourgeoisie and all the ruling class, but also showed profound sympathy for the common people.5、Dramatic monologue：戏剧独白a kind of poem in which a single fictional or historical character other than the poet speaks to a silent ‘audience’of one or mor e persons. Such poems reveal not the poet ‘s own thoughts; this distinguishes a dramatic monologue from a lyric，while the implied presence of an auditor distinguishes it from a soliloquy. Major examples of this form in English are Tennyson，Browning and T. S. Eliot.6、Aestheticism：美学主义the doctrine that regards beauty as an end in itself, and attempts to preserve the arts from subordination to moral, didactic, or political purposes. The term is often used synonymously with the Aesthetic Movement, a literary and artistic tendency of the late 19th century which may be understood as a further phase of Romanticism in reaction against vulgar bourgeois values of practical efficiency and morality.7、Naturalism:自然主义A literary movement taking place from the 1880s to 1940s that used detailed realism to suggest that social conditions,heredity遗传and environment had inescapable force in shaping human character.8、Modernism:现代主义A general term applied to the wide range of experimental and avant-garde trends in literature of the early 20th century. It takes the irrational philosophy and the theory ofpsycho-analysis as its theoretical base. It is a reaction against realism. It rejects rationalism which is the theoretical base ofrealism; by advocating a free experimentation on new forms and new techniques in literary creation, it casts away almost all the traditional elements in literature such as story, plot, character, chronological narration etc. , which are essential to realism.9、Imagism:意象派A literary movement started by British and American poets early in the 20th century that advocated the use of short lyrics, free verse, common speech patterns, and clear concrete images. Greatly under the influence of Symbolism, and was initially led by Ezra Pound.10、Stream of Consciousness:意识流One of the modern literary techniques, which is used to depict the mental and emotional reactions of characters to external events, rather than plot, story themselves. It adopts the psycho-analytic approach in literary creation to explore the existence of sub-conscious and un-conscious elements in the mind. And it neglects totally “fetters of grammar, syntax, and logic”。

英国文学下名词解释英国文学是一个重要的文学流派，它涵盖了从中世纪到21世纪的大量文学作品。

它的特点是将传统的文学元素和新的思想融合在一起，多元文化融合成一个独特的文学文化。

英国文学下的名词解释包括：一、浪漫主义（Romanticism）：浪漫主义是一种文学流派，它着重于个人情感和想象力。

浪漫主义以自然、传统文化和古老传说为主题，把人的情感和自然的美放在首位。

典型的浪漫主义作品有《失乐园》、《格列佛游记》等。

二、文艺复兴（Renaissance）：文艺复兴是一个文学思想的运动，它的特点是主张摆脱经受中世纪压迫的宗教仰，重视人的自由意志和人文主义思想。

它的典型代表作有《哥白尼原始纲要》、《莎士比亚戏剧》等。

三、古典主义（Classicism）：古典主义是一种文学流派，它强调传统文学的艺术价值，以及把文学作品和艺术结合在一起。

古典主义文学作品着重结构完整、内容严谨、文字精致，典型的古典主义作品有《阿瑟王》、《费尔南多与玛丽亚》等。

四、海明主义（Hemingwayism）：海明主义是一种文学流派，它的特点是简洁、精准、讽刺、抒情，着重于展示现实世界的真实面貌。

海明的代表作有《老人与海》、《猎人》等。

英国文学的多样性反映了英国文化的发展和多元文化的融合，这种多样性使英国文学在世界文学史上占有重要地位。

浪漫主义、文艺复兴、古典主义和海明主义是英国文学发展史中重要的文学流派，它们都给英国文学提供了新的思想，使英国文学不断发展壮大。

浪漫主义以自然和传统文化为主题，着重于情感和想象力，是一种表现个人内心世界的文学流派。

文艺复兴是一个文学思想运动，它强调人文主义思想，重视自由意志和人的尊严。

古典主义是一种文学流派，它着重于文学作品的艺术价值，追求文学作品的结构完整性和文字精致性。

海明主义是一种文学流派，它以简洁、精准、讽刺、抒情为特点，展示现实生活的真实面貌。

英国文学的多样性和文学流派的多元化，使英国文学在世界文学史上独树一帜，成为一种独特的文学文化。

1. Enlightenment:a.The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout western Europe inthe 18th century.进步的智力运动b.The Enlightenment on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive classof bourgeois against feudalism. The social inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people.总体上，启蒙主义是当时的资产阶级对封建主义，社会的不平等、死寂、偏见和其他的封建残余的一种反对。

通过将科学的各个分支与人民的日常生活和需要联系起来，启蒙主义者们努力将他们变成为人民大众服务的工具c.English enlighteners differed in some way from those of France “cleared the minds of men forthe coming revolution,” the English enlighteners set no revolutionary aims before them. They strove to bring it to an end by clearing away the feudal ideas with the bourgeois ideology.英国和法国的资产阶级启蒙主义者观念上存在一定差异。

英国文学的一些名词解释英国文学是世界文学宝库中的明珠，众多文学名著诞生于这片土地上。

提到英国文学，我们不仅仅要了解其中众多名著的作者和故事情节，我们还需要掌握一些专业术语和概念。

在本文中，我将为大家解释一些与英国文学相关的名词，帮助读者更好地理解英国文学的精髓。

一、浪漫主义浪漫主义是18世纪末到19世纪初兴起的一种文学运动，它强调个人感受、想象力和超凡脱俗的体验。

浪漫主义充满了激情和对自然、人类内心世界的热爱。

在英国文学史上，浪漫主义给予了众多优秀的作品，如《弗兰肯斯坦》、《唐吉诃德》等。

二、维多利亚时代维多利亚时代是指1837年至1901年英国女王维多利亚统治下的时期。

这个时代是英国工业革命达到巅峰的时期，但也是社会动荡和不平等的时期。

维多利亚时代的文学作品通常描写社会阶级落差、人性的复杂以及对女性地位的思考。

其中最著名的代表作品包括《雾都孤儿》、《呼啸山庄》等。

三、现代主义现代主义是20世纪初兴起的一种文学运动，它试图打破传统的叙事形式，挑战读者的理解和想象力。

现代主义作品通常以碎片化的结构、内心独白和流露出的不确定性为特点。

英国文学史上的现代主义代表作品有《尤利西斯》、《荒原》等。

四、战后文学战后文学是指第二次世界大战结束后，英国文学的新兴潮流。

在这一时期，英国文学持续呈现多样性和实验性。

战后文学关注社会变革、性别政治以及民族认同，并通过多种不同的写作风格和技巧来探索个体心理和文化理解。

该时期的代表作品包括《动物农场》、《1984》等。

五、北方现实主义北方现实主义是19世纪中叶至20世纪初期在英国出现的文学派别，它对于社会的现象和底层人民的生存状况进行了深刻而真实的描写。

北方现实主义作品通常关注社会困境和阶级冲突，以真实主义的手法展现人物的命运和社会环境的影响。

代表作品有《红与黑》、《战争与和平》等。

六、文学奖项文学奖项是评选和表彰优秀文学作品和作者的机构或组织举办的活动，也是文学界的重要盛事。

定义1.文艺复兴Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.2.启蒙运动The Age of Enlightenment/Reason: the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centries, a progressive intellectual movement, reason(rationality), equality&science(the 18th century)3.浪漫主义Romanticism:It emphasize the specialqualitie of each individual’s mind. In it, emotion over reason, spontaneous emotion, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace.4.湖畔诗人The Lake Poets，who lived in the lake district.William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Robert Southey。

英国文学史名词解释英国文学史是西方文学史中重要的一个分支，它以英国作家的作品为研究对象，涵盖了从中世纪到现代的众多文学作品和文学流派。

在这篇文章中，我将解释一些与英国文学史相关的重要名词，帮助读者更好地理解和欣赏英国文学的发展历程。

1. Beowulf (《贝奥武夫》)《贝奥武夫》是一部古老的英国史诗，被认为是英国文学史上最早的重要文学作品之一。

它讲述了贝奥武夫这位英勇的斗士与怪物格列伦德之间的战斗，强调了英雄气概和荣誉观念。

2. Elizabethan Age (伊丽莎白时代)伊丽莎白时代是英国文学史上一段璀璨的时期，时间跨度大约是1558年到1603年，得名于当时的女王伊丽莎白一世。

莎士比亚和培根等众多杰出的文学家在这个时代涌现，他们的作品对英国戏剧和文学产生了深远的影响。

3. Restoration (复辟时期)复辟时期是指英国历史上查理二世复辟王朝（1660年至1688年）期间的文学时期。

在这个时期，英国文学经历了从古典主义到启蒙思想的转变，作家们开始关注社会问题，并使用更加通俗的语言创作。

4. Romanticism (浪漫主义)浪漫主义是18世纪末至19世纪初在英国兴盛的一种文学运动，它强调个人情感和情感共鸣，对自然界、个体感受和非理性有着强烈的兴趣。

威廉·华兹华斯、塞缪尔·柯勒律治和约翰·济慈等浪漫主义诗人的作品在这一时期达到了巅峰。

5. Victorian Era (维多利亚时代)维多利亚时代是19世纪英国的一个时期，得名于维多利亚女王。

这个时期的文学作品反映了当时社会的道德伦理观念和社会问题，女性权益和道德拯救等主题常常被探索和讨论。

查尔斯·狄更斯、艾米丽·勃朗特和托马斯·哈代是这个时期最著名的文学家之一。

6. Modernism (现代主义)现代主义是20世纪初在英国兴起的一种文学运动，它反对传统形式和传统价值观，并试图通过新颖的写作风格和形式来呈现当时复杂多变的现实。

1，alliteration 2，kenning 3，caesura 4,romance 5,chivalery 6,quatrain 7,meter:rhyme 8,heroic couplet 9iambic pentameter 10,bob and wheel 11,realism 12,idealism 13,renaissiance 14,blank verse 15,sonnet 16,comedy 17,tragedy 18,humanism 19,cavalier poets 20,metaphysical poets 21,metaphysical conceit1. Epic(史诗)（appeared in the Anglo-Saxon Period ）Epic is an extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, like Homer’s Iliad & Odyssey. It usually celebrates the feats of one or more legendary or traditional heroes. The action is simple, but full of magnificence.Today, some long narrative works, like novels that reveal an age & its people are also called epic.E.g. Beowulf （the pagan（异教徒），secular(非宗教的) poetry）Iliad 《伊利亚特》，Odyssey《奥德赛》Paradise Lost 《失乐园》.1.Romance （传奇）(Anglo-Norman feudal England)•Romance is any imaginative literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with heroic adventures and battles between good characters and villains or monsters.•Originally, the term referred to a medieval (中世纪) tale dealing with the love and adventures of kings, queens, knights, and ladies, and including supernatural happenings.Form:long composition, in verse, in proseContent:description of life and adventures of a noble heroCharacter:a knight, a man of noble birth, skilled in the use of weapons; often described as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournaments(骑士比武), or fighting for his lord in battles; devoted to the church and the king •Romance lacks general resemblance to truth or reality.•It exaggerates the vices of human nature and idealizes the virtues.•It contains perilous (dangerous) adventures more or less remote from ordinary life.•It lays emphasis on supreme devotion to a fair lady.3. Alliteration（押头韵）: a repeated initial(开头的) consonant(协调,一致) to successive(连续的) words.4. Heroic couplet （英雄双韵体）（introduced by Geoffrey Chaucer）Definition:the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter; a verse form in epic poetry, with lines of ten syllables and five stresses, in rhyming pairs.英雄诗体/英雄双韵体：用于史诗或叙事诗，每行十个音节，五个音部，每两行押韵。

英国文学名词解释英国文学是指在英国境内产生的文学作品，包括散文、诗歌、戏剧等多种文学形式。

以下是一些与英国文学相关的名词解释：1. 莎士比亚戏剧（Shakespearean Drama）：指威廉·莎士比亚所创作的戏剧作品，包括《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等。

2. 简·奥斯汀小说（Jane Austen Novels）：指英国女作家简·奥斯汀所写的一系列小说，主要描写中上层社会的生活，包括《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》等。

3. 浪漫主义（Romanticism）：指18世纪末至19世纪初的一种文艺运动，强调情感、个人主义和自然之美，代表作家有威廉·华兹华斯、塞缪尔·柯勒律治等。

4. 维多利亚时期文学（Victorian Literature）：指19世纪中后期的英国文学，以女王维多利亚统治时期为背景，作品内容反映了社会变革和道德观念的转变，代表作家有查尔斯·狄更斯、乔治·艾略特等。

5. 符号主义（Symbolism）：指19世纪末20世纪初的一种文学流派，强调象征和隐喻的运用，代表作家有奥斯卡·王尔德、D·H·劳伦斯等。

6. 现代主义（Modernism）：指20世纪初的一种思潮和文学流派，以对现代社会的批判和对传统形式的挑战为特点，代表作家有弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫、詹姆斯·乔伊斯等。

7. 女性主义文学（Feminist Literature）：指关注女性经验和性别平等的文学作品，代表作家有弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫、玛格丽特·阿特伍德等。

8. 后现代主义（Postmodernism）：指二战后出现的一种思潮和文学流派，强调对现实的怀疑和对语言的游戏性，代表作家有萨缪尔·贝克特、艾里奥·卡尔维诺等。

9. 科幻文学（Science Fiction）：指描写未来社会和科技发展的文学作品，代表作家有霍华德·菲利普斯·洛夫克拉夫特、艾萨克·阿西莫夫等。