下载文档原格式
see3 Rewrite the sentences using see .1 In 1987 there was a major stock market crash.1987 saw a major stock market crash.2 The early 1980s was a period of steady economic growth.The early 1980s saw a period of steady economic growth.3 Long hair made a brief return in the 1990s.The 1990s saw a brief return to long hair.4 On the first day of the sales there were hundreds of people queuing in the streets.The first day of the sales saw hundreds of people queuing in the streets.5 There was great techno logical change during our grandparents‘ generation.Our grandparents‘ generation saw a great technological change.turn out to be4 Rewrite the sentences using turn out to be .1 I thought the ring was made of gold, but in the end it proved to be silver.I thought the ring was made of gold, but it turned out to be silver.2 She looked like my cousin, but she was actually a complete stranger.She looked like my cousin, but she turned out to be a complete stranger.3 The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it proved to be a good investment.The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it turned out to be a good investment.4 I saw smoke rising from the building, but it was a false alarm.I saw smoke rising from the building, but it turned out to be a false alarm.5 I didn‘t want to move to England, but in the end it proved to be a wise decision.I didn‘t want to move to England, but it turned out to be a wise decision.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1hint A hint can be something you say to show your feelings without saying directly what they are, a small amount of something, or a piece of advice.(a) If someone has a hint of a smile on their face, what do you see?You see just a small sign of a smile but not a proper smile.(b) What helpful hints would you give someone starting their own business?I‘d suggest that they need to have a clear focus on what the business is about and exactly how it will work, eg the person should identify a niche in the market that the new business can fill.(c) If you drop a hint about what you would like for your birthday, do you ask for it directly?No, of course not! You just find a way to join in with a normal conversation and say something about what you would like.2range This word can mean a number of things of the same general type, the distance or limits of something, or to move freely.(a) What can you find in a shop which stocks a wide range of products?You can find products of all kinds, a good variety of them.(b) What would be the best thing to do if you were within range of someone with a gun?Run quickly away out of range if there is time; if not, take shelter.(c) Which is the biggest mountain range in China?Well, the Himalayas are the highest, but the Tian Shan or Kunlun mountain ranges are longer.(d) What have hens which lay free-range eggs been able to do?They have been able to run and walk around freely, compared to hens which are kept in small cagesor containers.3 reflect This word can mean to be a sign of a situation, or to think carefully about something.(a) Whose image is reflected if you look in a mirror?Your own image is reflected back to you when you look in a mirror.(b) Do you believe that the state of the economy can be reflected in the height of hemlines?I wouldn‘t have believed it before I read the passage, but I believe it now!(c) Do you ever reflect on the mistakes you make in English?Yes, I do try to reflect on them because I know such reflection is a good way to improve my English.4 rise This word can mean an increase in number, amount or value, or the achievement of success or power.(a) Why was there a sharp rise in unemployment in the West in the 1930s?The sharp rise in unemployment was due to the stock market crash and the financial crisis.(b) What do you know about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire?I know that over several hundred years the Roman Empire expanded, but after a time it then declined over a long period. There‘s a famous book called The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire. (c) Do you live in a high-rise block of flats?I know that a lot of people in cities in China do live in large apartment blocks which have many floors, maybe 15 or 20 or more, but I live in a flat in a much smaller house of just three floors.(d) What are the different factors which give rise to new fashions?Fashion designers produce innovations and new styles. There are changes in the economic situation so that people may spend more or less on clothes; also new materials and colours become available,and people get different ideas about what to wear when they travel to other places or watch filmsand TV.6 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.Sometimes the hemline indicator, as it‘s called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. In September 2007, at the New York fashion shows, which were displaying their styles for spring 2008, the trend was for much longer dresses and skirts, many to mid-calf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline indicator was no longer reliable, and that designers no longer dictated what people would wear. During the London and New York fashion shows in September 2008, hemlines continued to drop. But sure enough, in the fall of 2008, the stock market indexes fell dramatically when the banking crisis hit the US, Europe and then the rest of the world. Hemlines were no longer following the stock market – they were showing the way and indicating future economic trends.有时候，所谓的裙摆指标甚至能事先早早就预告股市的变化。
UNIT 6Reding 11Your answer Correct answer1. tolerant tolerant2. democracy democracy3. loyal loyal4. renowned renowned5. destiny destiny6. retreat retreat7. bully bully2Your answer Correct answer(1) destined destined(2) renowned renown(3) loyality loyalty(4) democractic democratic(5) bullied bullied(6) tolerate tolerate(7) retreat retreat31. His achievements were so great that they can never be bettered.Your replacement:Your answer Correct answersurpassed surpassed2. The situation can only get worse; it will never improve.Your replacement:Your answer Correct answerdegenerate degenerate3. Although he was a rich man, his clothes were of poor quality and in bad condition.Your replacement:Your answer Correct answershabby shabby4. He exchanged his position as a general for that of an ordinary soldier.Your replacement:Your answer Correct answerswap swapped5. At the beginning of World War II the King turned to Churchill to lead the country.Your replacement:Your answer Correct answeronset onset6. Churchill drank a lot of alcohol.Your replacement:Your answer Correct answerliquor liquor7. Churchill wanted to do something to show he was sorry for his mistake at the battle ofGallipoli.Your replacement:Your answer Correct answermake amends make amends4 abbba ababb aaReasing 21Your answer Correct answer1. observation observation2. timber timber3. auxiliary auxiliary4. fragment fragment5. elaborate elaborate6. selection selection7. petty petty8. dispute dispute9. propose propose21. His proved popular and the meeting accepted it unanimously.Your answer Correct answerproposal proposal2. It's the of the decoration that makes the building special.Your answer Correct answerelaboration elaborateness3. The evidence was very and it was difficult to get a complete picture.Your answer Correct answerfragmentary fragmentary / fragmented4. The historian the important facts and arranges them to fit his theory.Your answer Correct answerselects selects5. Restoration is a(n) science which helps art historians find out the age of a painting and theartist.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary6. The of his arguments meant that they weren't important or worth taking seriously.Your answer Correct answerpettiness pettiness7. These ancient buildings were constructed of wood from the nearby forest.Your answer Correct answertimbered timbered8. They the truth of the theories for a long time.Your answer Correct answerdisputeed disputed9. They that there was more than one interpretation of the facts.Your answer Correct answerobserved observed3baaba bbablanguage use1Thanks to Churchill's leadership and example, we showed courage and determination. Thanks to their loyalty to king and country, young Winston was brought up to serve the UK.At school he was bullied thanks to his lisp, stammer and ill-health.Thanks to his dispatches from the Boer War, he returned to England as a hero.Thanks to school holidays playing in Blenheim Palace, he had always wanted to be a general.He lost his job as First Lord of the Admiralty thanks to the disaster at Gallipoli.Thanks to his wife Clementine, he managed to control his depression.Thanks to his prediction about Germany, King George VI invited him to form a government.2The main verb is is.To praise a historian for his accuracy.Good, efficient historians and responsible and skilful architects are compared.The main verb is is (the first one).Archaeology, epigraphy, numismatics, chronology and so on.Because they are scientific fields with reliable results.The main verb is knows.The most effective way to influence opinion.By the selection and arrangement of the appropriate facts.No, C. P. Scott, a famous newspaper editor, said "Comment is free, but facts are sacred." So his motto doesn't support this way of doing things.The first fact is you arrived in this building half an hour ago on foot. There are two alternatives: You arrived on a bicycle or in a car.The main verb is is.You arrived in this building half an hour ago.The main verb is may be.In the course of next few years.It will first appear in footnotes of articles and books about 19th-century England.In the text of articles and books about 19th-century England.It may be regarded as a well-established historical fact.In 20 or 30 years' time.3The Chinese student goes to America and the American student comes to China.Family A goes to live in Family B's house and vice versa.You hand back the first one and the shop gives you another one of a different size or colour without any further payment.One who always uses the products or services of a particular business, eg the customer only buys drinks / coffee in Starbucks.To encourage customers to keep on coming back.Both.The facts no one argues against.People disagree about it.People disagree about it—it is a matter of opinion.They make an interesting comment about it which attracts the listener.The doctors are watching you to see how your problem develops.To keep watch on what is happening nearby.Such crimes as shoplifting sweets, not paying your bus fare etc.Petty cash is a small amount of money, eg cash kept in an office for paying any small charges such as postage.A petty officer in the navy is likely to be of low rank.4历史学家不需要掌握特殊的技能去确定陶瓷或大理石残片的起源与断代、去解读一段意义隐晦的铭文的含义、或是为确定一个准确的日期而进行繁复的天文计算。
全新版大学英语综合教程4第六单元答案全新版大学英语综合教程4第六单元答案全新版大学英语综合教程4第六单元主体讲的`是生活节奏，下面是店铺分享的课后答案，希望能帮到大家!Unit 6 Text ALanguage Sense Enhancement11. 1) understanding2) Within the confines3)reasonably4) by nature5) limitless possibilities6) our aim7) fewer desires8) play by themselves9) vet boundaries10) orLanguage FocusVocabularyI.10. 1) appliances2) comparative3) multiply4) distribution5) prosperity6) decorate7) famine8) large quantities of / a large quantity of9) streamline10) fax11) pointed the way to12) bewildered11. 1) eat into2) cling to3) stand out/ stood out4) wears away5) set about6) switch off7) will be turned loose8) poured in12. 1) is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent.2) to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heart and flames.3) was urged to divert some of its attention from expanding production and get more involved with issues of market demand.4) can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at $900 and resses at $2,000.5) has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the last twenty years in order to keep her body in shape.4. 1) reaction to, discontent, provoked2) Convention, evading tax, the confines of3) a burden, are always on the go/ seem forever on the go, to copeII. Confusable words1.13) nervousness14) tension15) stress, stress16) tension2.1) honorary2) Honorable3) honorable4) honorary5) honorable6) Honorary 下载文档。
Unit test 1Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.•fraught•clutched•revert•recounted•comprehensive•upcoming•transition•apathy•deduct•gamble•demanding•highlight•redirect•investors•exceeds•repay•concise•embellish•overdo•thriving1.My little brother tends to em bel l i shthe truth, so you can't believe everything he saysat face value.Your answer Correct answerembellish embellish2.Mr. Philips is running for a position in the local government in the upcom i ngelections.Your answer Correct answer upcoming upcoming3.What can we do to hi ghl i ghtall the accomplishments our company has had?Your answer Correct answer highlight highlight4.In my opinion, the asking price for that painting far exceedsits real value.Your answer Correct answer exceeds exceeds5.Sharon was f r aughtwith indecision over where to go to college.Your answer Correct answer fraught fraught6.Her book is a brief, conci sehistory of World War I.Your answer Correct answer concise concise7.Too many people accuse students of ignorance about or apat hytoward internationalissues.Your answer Correct answerapathy apathy8.The politician wrote a tell-all book in which she r ecount edher experience during thecampaign.Your answer Correct answerrecounted recounted9.Risking my entire life savings on a single horse race is not a(n) gam bl eI'm willing totake.Your answer Correct answergamble gamble10.My mother was a very dem andi ngwoman, but she only wanted the best for my sisterand me.Your answer Correct answerdemanding demanding11.If you lend me money today, I can r epayyou after I get paid on Friday.Your answer Correct answer repay repay12.Every time the plane hit turbulence, he cl ut chedthe armrests tightly.Your answer Correct answer clutched clutched13.The purpose of the canal was to r edi r ectthe river and provide water to morefarmland.Your answer Correct answerredirect redirect14.Thankfully, Maria was a tremendous help as I made the t r ansi t i oninto my newposition.Your answer Correct answertransition transition15.Twenty years ago, this was a wealthy, t hr i vi ngcommunity.Your answer Correct answer thriving thriving16.Please remember that we need to deducttaxes from your paycheck.Your answer Correct answer deduct deduct17.The virus disabled the software, so we needed to r ever tto an earlier version.Your answer Correct answer revert revert18.I know you're excited about the possibilities, but please try not to over doit.Your answer Correct answer overdo overdo19.Many i nvest or slost a lot of money when the stock market fell last month.Your answer Correct answerinvestors investors20.My employer offers a(n) com pr ehensi vebenefits package that is difficult to give up.Your answer Correct answercomprehensive comprehensive Section B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.All right, it's time to pack upour things and move to the new office upstairs.Your answer Correct answer up up22.The counselor suggested that Felipe talk t hr oughhis problems with his brother.Your answer Correct answer through through23.Thomas has always been, i fnothing else, a diligent and responsible student.Your answer Correct answer if if24.I find it inconceivable that anyone could turn dow na free trip to the Caribbean.Your answer Correct answer down down25.Jordan bought three cases of bottled water f orfear that the storm would causeserious damage.Your answer Correct answerfor for26. B yall means, please make yourself at home.Your answer Correct answerBy By27.Stephen looked onin horror as the fire consumed his apartment building. Your answer Correct answeron on28.After such a long day of work, I want to go home and treat myself t oa big piece ofchocolate cake.Your answer Correct answerto to29.We're all i nthe same boat; so let's try to be nice to one another.Your answer Correct answerin in30.His question came outof the blue and caught me by surprise.Your answer Correct answerout outPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Patrick is in a bit of a financial (31)sl um pright now. He could use all thehelp he can get. Ever since he graduated from college, he's been fairly(32)ai m l ess, moving around a lot and working lots of small odd jobs. He can'tseem to decide what he wants to do. He had been working for a law firm, but he recently got laid off.Now he's having difficulty paying his rent, and his (33)l andl or dis threatening toevict him. Unless things turn around, Patrick might soon be a new (34)cl i entathis old law firm! What a(n) (35)hassl e!I usually make it a rule to not lend money to friends, but Patrick's in a bad situation. I'm going tomake an exception and give him a small (36)l oan. I do expect him to pay meback. He's always been known for his (37)honest y, so I'm not really worried aboutit.It's difficult not to (38)sym pat hi zewith Patrick. It could happen to anybody. I'm ina much better situation, (39)f i nanci al l y, so I feel a sense of responsibility to help himout. (40)For t unat el y, Patrick has a job interview next week so things might turn aroundfor him before we know it!Your answer Correct answer(31) slump slump(32) aimless aimless(33) landlord landlord(34) client client(35) hassle hassle(36) loan loan(37) honesty honesty(38) sympathize sympathize(39) financially financially(40) Fortunately FortunatelyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.You've written your resume. You've fine tuned your cover letter. You've completed the application. You've lined up your references. Finally, you've been invited to an interview for a job! Interviewing for jobs can be a daunting (yet exhilarating) prospect. Like anything, you will get better with practice. However, the more practice you have in job interviews usually means you're also racking up the rejections, and no one likes to experience too much rejection.Now that you've landed an interview, what's the best way to impress the hiring official, be invited back for a second interview, and get offered the job? You need to be prepared, and, surprisingly, it's incredibly important to know what not to say during an interview. One slip could mean the difference between a job offer and a rejection. With that in mind, here are the things you should never say during a job interview.How much does the job pay?As a general rule, wages and salaries are not usually discussed during a first interview. Asking about this makes you seem like you only care about money. Even if you are invited to a second or third interview, let the employer bring up the topic of money. Be prepared to tell them how much you're expecting. Give a range of what you'd accept rather than a specific amount. Estimating too high or too low might automatically knock you out of the running. It's important to do your research, though. How much do other employers pay? What's the going rate for the position?What does your company do?If you don't know what the company makes or does, why are you interviewing for them? Do your research. With the unbelievable amount of information available on the Internet and at the local library, there's absolutely no excuse for ignorance. You should walk into the interview knowing a lot about the company.I didn't get along with my old boss because . . .Criticizing a previous employer implies that you may do the same to them when you leave. Instead, explain how you overcame a difference of opinion and how you managed difficult situations. Don't dwell on negative issues, and make your answer short.I don't have any questions for you.Of course you do. Saying you don't have any questions indicates you aren't very interested in the job or don't know much about the company. Do your research and walk into the interview with questions. Try to think of questions that the interviewer won't answer as part of the introduction. For example, ask about expansion plans or future development within the company.I've been going through a rough patch at home . . .Interviewers will probably ask you to share something about yourself. Remember to keep your response pertinent to the job and position. Talk about your education, previous employment, goals, and ambitions. If you mention hobbies or personal interests, keep it short. Do not discuss personal problems.In five years, I want to live on a tropical island.When asked about your future, employers want to know how your goals will benefit their company. Saying anything else will tell them that you aren't ambitious or interested in the job at hand. What do you want to achieve in this job or in this industry?41. Of the following, which is the least likely place you would find this article?A. Business magazine.B. College newspaper.C. Management textbook.D. Online blog.42. Which of the following would make the best title for this article?A. What Not to Say in a Job InterviewB. Landing the Perfect JobC. Acing Your Next Job InterviewD. How to Get a Job Interview43. According to this article, what is an acceptable topic of discussion in a job interview?A. Details of your "dream job".B. Hobbies and personal interests.C. Details of a recent divorce.D. Disagreements you had with a previous employer.44. Based on this information, potential employers are interested in which of the following qualities?A. Apathy.B. Sympathy.C. Honesty.D. Ambition.45. With which of the following statements would the writer of this article agree?A. There are only six things you shouldn't say during an interview.B. In a job interview, you should answer all questions as quickly as possible.C. You should share as little about yourself in an interview as possible.D. Every answer you give during an interview should be well thought out.Done with this task. Your score: 100%Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Section A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.1.f or ego the formalities and get right down to business?Can weYour answer Correct answerforego forego2.di al ect that I could barely understand The actress spoke in such a heavy northernher.Your answer Correct answerdialect dialect3.aw ai t the results.There's nothing left to do now butYour answer Correct answerawait await4. dr ow nin a sea of work when I return.Your answer Correct answerdrown drown5.i nf l uent i al peopleAfter three huge successes, George became one of the mostin Hollywood.Your answer Correct answerinfluential influential6.m yst er i ous disappearances in this town for my There have been far too manytaste.Your answer Correct answermysterious mysterious7.i dl e when there's so muchIt drives me crazy that Steve can sit around and bework to do!Your answer Correct answeridle idle8.f ost er a trustworthy character.His shifty eyes and smarmy personality do little toYour answer Correct answerfoster foster9.nor m al l y brings her lunch to work, but today she decided to eat out.SheYour answer Correct answernormally normally10.cl assi f i cat i on of alcohol as an illegal drug will only make the problem worse.TheYour answer Correct answerclassification classification11.excl ude your little brother! Take him with you.""Don'tYour answer Correct answerexclude exclude12.st at ur e to go out in public unrecognized.It's difficult for someone of hisYour answer Correct answerstature stature13.obst acl e left before I earn my My interview with a panel of professors is the onlydegree.Your answer Correct answerobstacle obstacle14.nedl ect, the old house on the corner was finally torn down.After years ofYour answer Correct answerneglect neglect15.advant ageous to have If you want to write a book about traveling in Europe, it'sactually been there before.Your answer Correct answeradvantageous advantageous16. I'm going to invest my money in Microsoft, and I strongly suggest you dol i kewi se.Your answer Correct answerlikewise likewise17.ci t e your sources when you make an argument.It is critical toYour answer Correct answercite cite18.or i gi nal t y that is rarely seen in literature.This month's bestselling novel has a(n)Your answer Correct answeroriginality originality19.i nt er act with people if you don't speak the same language.It's difficult toYour answer Correct answerinteract interact20.am m uni t i on against their It's common for politicians to use almost anything asopponents.Your answer Correct answerammunition ammunitionSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.w i t h my book The toughest thing about moving away was when I had to partcollection.Your answer Correct answerwith with22.as it were, doesn't really exist here since we go straight from The spring season,winter into summer.Your answer Correct answeras as23.f or some peace and quiet.Please leave me alone; I'm simply lookingYour answer Correct answerfor for24.t o go back to China.After looking at his old pictures, James longedYour answer Correct answerto to25.w i t h my emotions!Just tell me the truth and don't toyYour answer Correct answerwith with26.out her biological parents after she found out she was Mona decided to seekadopted.Your answer Correct answerout out27. Forthe most part, I think the kids enjoyed our vacation this year.Your answer Correct answerFor For28.on the side.She picks up some extra money by being a tour guideYour answer Correct answeron on29. I think the reason we're such good friends is because we have so muchi n common.Your answer Correct answerin in30.upon this class as an opportunity, you might not be so If you learn to lookmiserable.Your answer Correct answerupon uponPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.r ecom m endat i on? I I'm looking for a good book to read. Can you give me a(n) (31)generally like to read fiction, but I will read nonfiction if the story is good. I'm a(n)advent ur er at heart, so I really like to read stories about exciting journeys and (32)st er eot ypi cal characters that quests. I usually don't like boring stories that feature (33)are portrayed with no originality. I don't mind action, but I can do without anygr at ui t ous and unnecessary violence.(34)Do you have any ideas? In my opinion, the best literature features characters that faceconf r ont their inner demons, and eventually arrive at unbelievable odds, (35)enl i ght enm ent about the true nature of things. Along the some sort of personal (36)way, the character will inevitably face a decision that might involve a(n)sacr i f i ce which could result in his or her (38)undoi ng, but he (37)or she will persevere and come out on top.desper at el yI'm (39)t ackl eme know what you would recommend. At this point, I'm ready to (40)almost any book, no matter how long!Your answer Correct answer(31) recommendation recommendation(32) adventurer adventurer(33) stereotypical stereotypical(34) gratuitous gratuitous(35) confront confront(36) enlightenment enlightenment(37) sacrifice sacrifice(38) undoing undoing(39) desperately desperately(40) tackle tacklePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.It is difficult, by sheer popularity and fame of the story, to read or listen to Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol without conjuring up images from one of the many preexisting dramatic productions of the tale. Unfortunately, we often focus on the popular dramatizations of the story to the exclusion of the message that lies at its heart. The story is now a staple of the Western Christmas tradition, but many people don't fully understand why. A Christmas Carol is a very simple and straightforward presentation of the dangers associated with power and greed. However, the story has a more fundamental (if somewhat clichéd by today's standards) message: seize the day and take advantage of all that life has to offer. The reader is left with the notion that, within all of us, there exist qualities that can be improved to unknowable benefit, and it is our responsibility to make necessaryimprovements in order to realize those benefits.We see, in Ebenezer Scrooge, an individual almost entirely consumed by greed with little or no worries for the rest of humanity. He is, obviously, an extreme case with whom it is difficult to identify. His days are spent in concentration over his money and how best to underuse it, and his life has been wasted on this cause. He squanders his days while those around him, such as his nephew and Bob Cratchit, attempt to live their lives and make them worthwhile.When Marley visits Scrooge in his bedroom, he explains what will soon happen and why and says, "It is required of every man, that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellowmen, and travel far and wide." Marley never did this and is condemned to walk forever in chains after death. Scrooge, also, has never done this, and his visits with the three ghosts are meant to awaken that inside of him which has been dead all his life. Scrooge's journeys with the three ghosts are also meant to make the reader reexamine his or her own life.Scrooge, as well as the reader, also learns that in a self-absorbed existence based on the exclusion of others, we succumb to ignorance. Ignorance of others and the world around us breeds contempt for that which we do not understand and creates an inescapable trap into which we inevitably fall. Scrooge did not understand this and ultimately fell victim to his own vices. We, as both readers and human beings, are to draw from Scrooge's experiences his final lessons from the ghosts and not become victim to the same traps which befell him.41This passage is an example of what type of writing?.A. Autobiography.B. Literary analysis.C. Persuasive writing.D. Fiction.42Which paragraph includes a discussion of the lessons that readers of the story should learn? .A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.43Based on this passage, who is the main character of A Christmas Carol?.A. Charles Dickens.B. Ebenezer Scrooge.C. Bob Cratchit.D. Marley.44The first paragraph of this passage implies that Dickens' story has been very _____..A. repetitiveB. prodigiousC. influentialD. stereotypical45What is the main point of this passage?.A. Readers should learn the same lessons as characters do in the story.B. Readers have no connection to characters in the story.C. Readers should act in opposition to characters in the story.D. Readers can create their own characters in the story.Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1. Throughout history, many people have attempted to find the _____ secret to success, butrelatively few have actually done it.a. elusiveb. evasivec. illusoryd. eloquent2. It was hard for Cynthia to remain uninvolved with the controversy since she is such a _____ partof the company.a. visibilityb. risiblec. visibled. visibly3. "Officer Clarke, in the best interest of the case, please consider absolutely everything to be atyour _____."a. disposeb. disposalc. disposingd. disposed4. The mountain climbers demonstrated a(n) _____ feat of selflessness when they turned around tohelp an injured stranger.a. advantageousb. gorgeousc. outrageousd. courageous5. Many movie stars are notorious for wearing excessive amounts of expensive _____.a. jewelleryb. jewelsc. jewelersd. jewelling6. Her novel successfully _____ an entire generation of young women to believe they could bewhatever they wanted.a. emboldenedb. embitteredc. empoweredd. embroidered7. I'm not really a _____ of pop culture trends, so can you explain that reference to me?a. flowerb. followerc. fellowd. fallowing8. We just moved into town so we're still a little _____.a. unsettlingb. settlersc. settledd. unsettled9. The movie is fantastic, but you'll need to _____ your disbelief toward the end.a. upendb. suspendc. depend10. Don't _____ Jack's determination to do whatever it takes to win.a. underestimateb. overestimatec. estimated. misestimate11. As judge, I _____ over this courtroom and have the final say on all matters.a. presideb. residec. presumed. resume12. Please stay back! This is a _____ area!a. constrictedb. districtedc. restrictedd. unrestricted13. The moon shone down and cast a _____ glow over the entire field.a. luminosityb. luminousc. luminal14. The state dinner is a _____ affair, so please dress appropriately.a. distinctiveb. respectablec. dramaticd. formal15. Stock prices rose _____ after the company publically announced its new product.a. dramaticallyb. magicallyc. looselyd. exclusively16. The colonists began to form a _____ in response to the unfair taxes.a. rebelb. rebellionc. rebelliousd. rebelling17. After striking the iceberg, the ship quickly sank into the _____ depths.a. skinnyb. preppyc. murkyd. baggy18. I'm not a good typist, so I find it easier to _____ all of my emails.a. dictateb. elucidatec. explicated. exacerbate19. To accommodate increased traffic, city planners are going to expand the _____of the highway.a. lengthb. heightc. depthd. width20. Let's be proactive and do something instead of just watching the situation _____.a. ameliorateb. collaboratec. deteriorated. elaborateSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable preposition or adverb.21.Things didn't quite turn outthe way I expected, but I'm still happy with the result.Your answer Correct answerout out22.You can't fool me; I'm wise t othe way things work around here.Your answer Correct answer to to23.My question sparked of fmuch discussion in the group about right versus wrong.Your answer Correct answer off off24.They didn't know it, but they were playing right i nt oour hands the whole time.Your answer Correct answer into into25.Leslie broke dow nher argument into three main points.Your answer Correct answer down down26.It was pure luck that we chanced uponthe fossilized remains of the dinosaur.Your answer Correct answer upon upon27.Our town was named af t erthe explorer who first discovered the nearby waterfall.Your answer Correct answer after after28.After the ship sank, wreckage washed upon shore for weeks.Your answer Correct answer up up29.Some of the oldest headstones in the graveyard were completely worn aw ayso wecouldn't tell whom they belonged to.Your answer Correct answeraway away30.The novel revolves ar ounda protagonist who is searching for a lost city of gold.Your answer Correct answer around aroundPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Everyone's always told me that I should be a model. I have to admit, it does sound like it wouldbe a(n) (31)unst abl elifestyle with lots of traveling, parties, and beautiful people. I thinkit could also be a great opportunity to assert my (32)i ndi vi dual i t yand creativity. However,at my age, I'm not sure I have the experience or (33)cr edent i al sto start a modelingcareer.It takes more than a(n) (34)st unni ngface to be a model. You must have a(n)(35)gl am or ouspersonality and always be ready to take risks and explore the unknown.You also need to have near infinite patience.Many people are under the impression that the fashion and modeling industry attracts only very(36)super f i ci alpeople who only care about themselves. From what I understand,nothing could be further from the truth. Yes, there are some models who only care about their ownappearance, wealth, and (37)l avi shsurroundings, but the industry isn't(38)excl usi vel ycomposed of this type of person. It's a(n) (39)i nescapabl efactthat the fashion and modeling world has a strong (40)l ur efor all kinds of people—and I'm one of them.Your answer Correct answer(31) unstable glamorous(32) individuality individuality(33) credentials credentials(34) stunning stunning(35) glamorous daring(36) superficial superficial(37) lavish lavish(38) exclusively exclusively(39) inescapable inescapable(40) lure lurePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.The debate over school uniforms is one of the most controversial issues affecting public school students. Though uniforms have long been a staple of private schools, they are still a rarity in public schools. This is not merely a debate over the aesthetics of fashion. Rather, this debate lies at the very heart of the politics of fashion.What students choose to wear (and what their parents allow them to wear) to school consistently rouses strong feelings and animated discussion. Much has already been said in defense of and against school uniforms, and I won't belabor the individual points further. There are many valid points on both sides of the argument. Instead, I intend to explain why I personally stand in opposition to school uniforms and highlight the reasons why uniforms would serve very little purpose in our specific school district.For the most part, students in our district are well behaved and don't approach any semblance of extreme behavior or expression. Administrators seem to be more worried about a potential escalation of student expression that so far has shown no indication of materializing. Principals and other district administrators are chasing shadows—they're looking to solve a problem that doesn't exist. Our district has no history of student activism, and there are only a few examples of flagrant violations of the existing dress code. In short, there is absolutely no precedent to believe that students will choose to begin acting out against authority through fashion statements.School uniforms seem to be an inappropriate response to a nonexistent problem. It is an unnecessary exertion of power by administrators who don't know how to properly exercise authority. Let's take a moment to consider a hypothetical school district that is overwhelmed by student discipline problems. Would the institution of school uniforms be an appropriate response in that case? I would argue in the negative. Uniforms, by themselves, would in no way prevent students from expressing themselves or their views. Improper and unpopular behavior will not be stifled by a school uniform. It may actually make the situation worse, as resentment over the mandatory clothing would likely be great.School uniforms obviously interfere with students' right to self-expression—a right that should be protected in the public school system. In addition, mandating that all students wear identical (and。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案综合教程4课后答案 Handouts and Key to book4 unit1-4 Unit 1 Active reading (1) Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Background information About the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published in September 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and in Britain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to university and therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job became harder in 2008–2009 because the economic downturn – then a recession – meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobs and then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. The article addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parents to be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if they need help). The article recommendsfinding work in a bar or supermarket rather than sitting unemployedat home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but also of a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice to parents). Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates? Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% of young adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitive situation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meant that there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be active to seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they won’t find employment by lying on the sofa at home. Culture points honours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours degrees are awarded in different categories: a first classdegree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into two subc ategories, written as IIii and IIii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) and a pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with moregeneral courses of study without these categories. Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations or cohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal names to characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the gr eat increase (the boom) of births after World War II (1946–1960), followed by “Generation X” people (born 1960–1980) who were said to bring new attitudes ofbeing independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to getskills and have a career before t hem. “GenerationY” or the“Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the new millenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by doting parents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. In the passage, this generation is nowbecoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic name referring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work – this may be the only work available to some graduates, who may have totake very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something more suitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig; when people “grunt” they exp ress disgust but do not communicate with words –this may be how the parents of new graduates think their children communicate with them! A comprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which became popular in the1960s. Before that there were academic “grammar schools” and more general “secondary modern” schools for those who did not pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students in asocial philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those students who went to a comprehensiveschool probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backside off) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students were academic –comprehensive students felt they had to struggle to get to university. Chicken suit This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makesthe person look like a giant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a jobadvertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chicken’ in Spanish) – the job meant that he had to walk around the streetslike a chicken to attract customers to come to the restaurant. Language points 1 Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to the odd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1) The parents paid a lot of money for their son’s university fees and living expenses (so that he could eat well) andfor occasional social events – at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgotten because the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesn’t have ajob and doesn’t seem to be actively seeking one. 2 This former scionof Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt. (Para 2) The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents’ generation who worked hard, got jobs, and had good careers andexpected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt –he doesn’t seem to communicate much, lies around and doesn’t get a job (or can only do a low status routing job). 3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being‘too detached’ and talking in language that was ‘tootechnocratic’, which I didn’t think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5) He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but hewas criticized in the selection interviews: They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the languageof a technical expert or high authority). As a new graduate heprobably wanted to show his expertise in his language so he can’t understand this criticism. 4 For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6) The others who do not have aroutine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf)chill out all day (they spend their time casually relaxing – they don’t look for work) and go to pub for a drink in the evening. 5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university …(Para 6) He went to a school for students of allabilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so hehad to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom – the part of your body that you sit on – to work your backside off is informal and it means you work very hard indeed. 6 …but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky to advise him on how to proceed. (Para 7) The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she does not have relevant personal experience. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do). 7 Carry onlife as normal and don’t allow them to abuse your bank account orsap your reserve of emotional energy. (Para 11) The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend the parents’ money unnecessarily,nor let the problem take away all their energy and emotions. Saptheir reserve means use up their store of emotional energy. 8 After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12) Then the parents should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives. Reading and understanding 2 Choose the best answer to the questions. Teachingtips Go over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explain why the other answers are wrong (See below). 1 Why hasn’t Jack Goodwin got a job yet? (a) He doesn’t have a very good degree. (No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree. ) (b) He refuses to apply for jobs with low salaries. (He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.) (c) It isn’t easy to get a job in thecurrent financial climate. (This may be true but the passage does not mention this.) (d) He prefers to stay at home and help his family. (No, he doesn’t seem to be helping his family: he watches TV andtalks to friends.) 2 How does he spend a typical day? (a) Doing a temporary job. (No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he doesn’t want to do this.) (b) Watching television. (He watches TV a lot.) (c) Queuing up in the university careers service. (No, he went there onc e but he didn’t want to queue so he walked away.) (d) Preparing for the next job interview. (No, he doesn’t seem to be preparing for interviews.) 3 How do most of his friends spend the day? (a) They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening. (All except one of them do nothing except chill, then theygo to the pub.) (b) They do outdoor activities such as sailing. (No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.) (c) They are forced to work by their parents. (No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to be like Jack.) (d) They do part-time jobs such asworking in a bar. (No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack’s friends seem to do this work.) 4 How are Jack’s pare nts helping him?(a) By looking for jobs for him. (No, Jack has tried to get a job himself; there’s nothing here about his parents helping him look for a job.) (b) By paying for a trip to South America. (No, although heis going on a three-week trip to South America, the passage does not say that Jack’s parents have paid for this.) (c) By gradually making him more financially aware. (The passage does not say so explicitly, but this is the implication about the cut-off point after the trip when he may be expected to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.) (d) By threatening to throw him out of the house. (No, they haven’t threatened to do this, but they definitely want him to work after he gets back from his trip.) 5 What does Gael Lindenfield say ab out Jack’s parents? (a) They have not really understood Jack’s problems. (No, she doesn’t say this; she says they must balance being positive with not making life too comfortable. This doesn’t mean they haven’t understood Jack’s problems.) (b) They have ma de life too comfortable for Jack. (No, she says they must balance comfort with being positive. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they have already made life too comfortable for Jack.) (c) The approach they have chosen is the right one. (She says they have struck exactly the right note.) (d) They need help from a psychologist. (No, she doesn’t say this.) 6 What do Whoopi Goldberg, Bruce Willis and Brad Pitt have in common? (a) They all did bar work before going to university. (No, we don’t know from the pas sage if any of them did this.) (b) They took part in protests against nuclear power plants. (No, we don’t know is any of them did this) (c) They learnt to act by dressing up as giant chickens. (No, only Brad Pitt did this.) (d) They all did temporary jobs at one stage in their lives. (This is right, although they all had completely different temporary jobs.) Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached) 4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming) 5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump) 6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert) 7 to say whathappened (recount) 4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Manypeople who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, andtend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents. 5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive) 2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial) 4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched) 5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate) 6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, andit still hasn’t got better completely. (healed) 6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve? 3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual? 4 Does a pushy person tryto (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say? 5 If you feel apathy, doyou want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases. 1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something? 2 If you arein the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation? 3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something? 4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b)in a lazy way without making a decision? 5 If you strike the rightnote about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly? 6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your bestto do it, or (b) not care about it? 7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy? 8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject? Reading and interpreting 8 Answer the questions. 1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is askingthis question? What mood does it express? The parents are asking this because the paragraph is addr essed to parents (earlier it says “your graduate son”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that getting a job will take along time. 2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is it a fair desc ription? This is the writer’s description toindicate that this generation is rebelling against parents or society, but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students are trying to find work – it is just tha t they don’t like their parents nagging them. So they are a bit rebellious against their parents, but no more than that. 3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggest about Jack’s character? It sugg ests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting and without trying to ask about jobs or careers. 4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used? Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job. The quotation marks tellus that he wasn’t literally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home. 5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience? In one way he r experience hasn’t affected her attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job (withoutgoing to university) and has been working full-time since then andyet she is sympathetic and takes a soft line. 6 How is Lindenfield’s point of view affected by her own personal experience? Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as an aerial photographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates are good at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experience thus reflects – or perhaps has created – herpoint of view. 7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of view of the students rather than the parents? The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit after their hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, then they can start a serious search for employment after that. Active reading (2) If you ask me Background information This is an informal and personalized account of an economics graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and then has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). She works in a London pub called “The Salisbury” or “The Marquis Salisbury”, namedafter someone who was the British Prime Minister three times between 1885 and 1902 and whose family once owned the pub’s land. The 100 year old pub is in Leadenhall Street, just off the Charing Cross Road and Leicester Square. Daytime customers can get a pub lunch and evening customers include many office workers and theatre goers (the pub is near many West End theatres). The interior of this pub is dazzling, w ith large mirrors, cut glass and a mahogany décor. British pubs are often named after famous people (Robin Hood, The Duke of Wellington) or royalty (The Queen’s Arms, the Prince of Wales) or historical symbols (The Rose and Crown to represent King Edward III, The Royal Oak to represent King Charles II who once hid in a large oak tree). Other names often include colours and animals (The Red Bull, The Black Horse, The Golden Lion, The Swan) or symbols of traditional trades (The Compasses for carpenters, The Three Hammers for blacksmiths, The Three Tuns for winemakers). As the pub is a social place to meet as well as a place to get a drink, people often play games like dominoes or darts or join a quiz or competition. A common expression is to “go down the pub” or “go round to the local” (both meaning to go to the local pub). Culture points pub in London: A pub is a place where people go for a drink and to meet friends and socialize. People can play games – such as darts, cards, dominoes – in a pub and pubs often have quiz nights, with prizes for the winners, and live music (See also Background information) The Salisbury is a well-known pub in central London (See also Background information) London School of Economics is a distinguished university in central London, famous for social sciences. Language points 1 If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. (Para 1) Inmy opinion (If you ask me introduces an opinion), real life is not everything that people say it is. If a thing is cracked up to be, people normally praise it but in the opinion of the speaker they are wrong. 2 … spending money when you don’t have any is dead easy. (Para 7) Dead here means very. For example, we can say dead tired (exhausted), a dead loss (a complete loss or useless), a dead weight (very heavy, difficult to lift). 3 What were the odds on anyone being so nice? (Para 11) What are the chances that someone would be so nice? The writer is emphasizing here that such kindness is very unusual.4 … looking back after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed. (Para 13) A break here means a chance to be successful. A lucky break is an unexpected opportunity. Reading and understanding 2 Choose the best answer to the questions. 1 Whatdid the writer want to do after finishing her degree? (a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics. (b) To earn some money to pay off her loan. (c) To start working as soon as possible. (d) To return home and help her mother. 2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury? (a) She was hungry and thirsty. (b) She thought it would lead to better things. (c) She was a friend of the landlord. (d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working. 3 What did she buywith her first salary? (a) A bunch of flowers. (b) A CD and a plantfor the flat she lived in. (c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer. (d) She didn’t have any money left after paying the bills. 4 Why didTony give her ￡20,000? (a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help. (b) He trusted her and thought it would help her. (c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him. (d) He was secretlyin love with her. 5 What did she do with the money? (a) She used itto pay for her course at the LSE. (b) She lost a lot of it in the2008 stock market crash. (c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors. (d) She used it to start her own business. 6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan? (a) He had had an accident and needed the money for a wheelchair. (b) It meant that he would be able to see her again. (c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her. (d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest. 3 Work inpairs and answer the questions. What do we know about the writer’s:1 family background? Her mother had worked hard for 15 years tosup port her education but couldn’t afford any further support. Her father wasn’t around most of the time. He didn’t have any moneybecause he spent it on gambling on dog racing or drinking in pubs. 2 career as a student? She had a good degree in economics and wanted to study for a masters course at the London School of Economics. 3 ambition? She wanted to get a job in finance or investments in London because then she would be able to use her degree. 4 appreciation of other people? She appreciated Mike’s friend liness with customers and his skill, and she appreciated Tony as a nice person; later she appreciated the trust of Tony and his friends 5 love life? We don’t know much about this, except that she doesn’t like boys to hassle her. She thinks they are immature. 6 financial expertise? It must be quite good: She invested the ￡20,000 and made enough profit to pay the money back with interest and set up her own company. 7 sense of responsibility? She has a strong sense of responsibility because she paid back the money to the investors and paid them an annual interest for the loan. 8 philosophy of life? She believes that you should work hard; you may need one or two breaks to succeed but you should know how to use the breaks. You should be honest and responsible with people who trust you. Dealing with unfamiliar words 4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to showthat you understand someone’s problem s (sympathize) 7 needing a lotof time, ability, and energy (demanding) 5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4. Teaching tips When Ss have completed the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate words, ask them to practice reading the dialogue, trying to maketheir reading sound as conversational as possible. Choose a pair to perform their reading to the class. The class listens and gives the performing pair a rating on a scale of 1-10 for fluency and naturalness. A After three years at university, I’m now quiteheavily in debt. B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s liketo have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need totake out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job. A What did you do? B I worked in a restaurant at weekends. A That must have been very (4) demanding. B Yes, it was. Ihad to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime. A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money? B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going. 6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 When I was at college I keptall my personal things in an old cupboard. 2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs. 3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result. 4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job. 5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote. 6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising. 7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds (6) has thrived (7) honesty 7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing? 2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say? 3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed? 4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan? 5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance? 6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often? 7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nicefor them, or (b) behave badly to them? 9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier? Reading and interpreting 8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features. 1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on aboutopportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find? This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案综合教程4课后答案 Handouts and Key to book4 unit1-4 Unit 1 Active reading (1) Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Background information About the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published in September 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and in Britain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to university and therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job became harder in 2008–2009 because the economic downturn – then a recession – meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobs and then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. The article addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parents to be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if they need help). The article recommendsfinding work in a bar or supermarket rather than sitting unemployedat home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but also of a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice to parents). Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates? Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% of young adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitive situation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meant that there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be active to seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they won’t find employment by lying on the sofa at home. Culture points honours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours degrees are awarded in different categories: a first classdegree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into two subc ategories, written as IIii and IIii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) and a pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with moregeneral courses of study without these categories. Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations or cohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal names to characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the gr eat increase (the boom) of births after World War II (1946–1960), followed by “Generation X” people (born 1960–1980) who were said to bring new attitudes ofbeing independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to getskills and have a career before t hem. “GenerationY” or the“Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the new millenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by doting parents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. In the passage, this generation is nowbecoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic name referring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work – this may be the only work available to some graduates, who may have totake very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something more suitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig; when people “grunt” they exp ress disgust but do not communicate with words –this may be how the parents of new graduates think their children communicate with them! A comprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which became popular in the1960s. Before that there were academic “grammar schools” and more general “secondary modern” schools for those who did not pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students in asocial philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those students who went to a comprehensiveschool probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backside off) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students were academic –comprehensive students felt they had to struggle to get to university. Chicken suit This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makesthe person look like a giant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a jobadvertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chicken’ in Spanish) – the job meant that he had to walk around the streetslike a chicken to attract customers to come to the restaurant. Language points 1 Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to the odd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1) The parents paid a lot of money for their son’s university fees and living expenses (so that he could eat well) andfor occasional social events – at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgotten because the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesn’t have ajob and doesn’t seem to be actively seeking one. 2 This former scionof Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt. (Para 2) The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents’ generation who worked hard, got jobs, and had good careers andexpected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt –he doesn’t seem to communicate much, lies around and doesn’t get a job (or can only do a low status routing job). 3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being‘too detached’ and talking in language that was ‘tootechnocratic’, which I didn’t think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5) He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but hewas criticized in the selection interviews: They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the languageof a technical expert or high authority). As a new graduate heprobably wanted to show his expertise in his language so he can’t understand this criticism. 4 For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6) The others who do not have aroutine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf)chill out all day (they spend their time casually relaxing – they don’t look for work) and go to pub for a drink in the evening. 5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university …(Para 6) He went to a school for students of allabilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so hehad to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom – the part of your body that you sit on – to work your backside off is informal and it means you work very hard indeed. 6 …but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky to advise him on how to proceed. (Para 7) The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she does not have relevant personal experience. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do). 7 Carry onlife as normal and don’t allow them to abuse your bank account orsap your reserve of emotional energy. (Para 11) The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend the parents’ money unnecessarily,nor let the problem take away all their energy and emotions. Saptheir reserve means use up their store of emotional energy. 8 After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12) Then the parents should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives. Reading and understanding 2 Choose the best answer to the questions. Teachingtips Go over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explain why the other answers are wrong (See below). 1 Why hasn’t Jack Goodwin got a job yet? (a) He doesn’t have a very good degree. (No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree. ) (b) He refuses to apply for jobs with low salaries. (He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.) (c) It isn’t easy to get a job in thecurrent financial climate. (This may be true but the passage does not mention this.) (d) He prefers to stay at home and help his family. (No, he doesn’t seem to be helping his family: he watches TV andtalks to friends.) 2 How does he spend a typical day? (a) Doing a temporary job. (No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he doesn’t want to do this.) (b) Watching television. (He watches TV a lot.) (c) Queuing up in the university careers service. (No, he went there onc e but he didn’t want to queue so he walked away.) (d) Preparing for the next job interview. (No, he doesn’t seem to be preparing for interviews.) 3 How do most of his friends spend the day? (a) They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening. (All except one of them do nothing except chill, then theygo to the pub.) (b) They do outdoor activities such as sailing. (No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.) (c) They are forced to work by their parents. (No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to be like Jack.) (d) They do part-time jobs such asworking in a bar. (No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack’s friends seem to do this work.) 4 How are Jack’s pare nts helping him?(a) By looking for jobs for him. (No, Jack has tried to get a job himself; there’s nothing here about his parents helping him look for a job.) (b) By paying for a trip to South America. (No, although heis going on a three-week trip to South America, the passage does not say that Jack’s parents have paid for this.) (c) By gradually making him more financially aware. (The passage does not say so explicitly, but this is the implication about the cut-off point after the trip when he may be expected to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.) (d) By threatening to throw him out of the house. (No, they haven’t threatened to do this, but they definitely want him to work after he gets back from his trip.) 5 What does Gael Lindenfield say ab out Jack’s parents? (a) They have not really understood Jack’s problems. (No, she doesn’t say this; she says they must balance being positive with not making life too comfortable. This doesn’t mean they haven’t understood Jack’s problems.) (b) They have ma de life too comfortable for Jack. (No, she says they must balance comfort with being positive. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they have already made life too comfortable for Jack.) (c) The approach they have chosen is the right one. (She says they have struck exactly the right note.) (d) They need help from a psychologist. (No, she doesn’t say this.) 6 What do Whoopi Goldberg, Bruce Willis and Brad Pitt have in common? (a) They all did bar work before going to university. (No, we don’t know from the pas sage if any of them did this.) (b) They took part in protests against nuclear power plants. (No, we don’t know is any of them did this) (c) They learnt to act by dressing up as giant chickens. (No, only Brad Pitt did this.) (d) They all did temporary jobs at one stage in their lives. (This is right, although they all had completely different temporary jobs.) Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached) 4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming) 5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump) 6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert) 7 to say whathappened (recount) 4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Manypeople who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, andtend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents. 5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive) 2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial) 4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched) 5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate) 6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, andit still hasn’t got better completely. (healed) 6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve? 3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual? 4 Does a pushy person tryto (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say? 5 If you feel apathy, doyou want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases. 1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something? 2 If you arein the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation? 3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something? 4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b)in a lazy way without making a decision? 5 If you strike the rightnote about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly? 6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your bestto do it, or (b) not care about it? 7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy? 8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject? Reading and interpreting 8 Answer the questions. 1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is askingthis question? What mood does it express? The parents are asking this because the paragraph is addr essed to parents (earlier it says “your graduate son”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that getting a job will take along time. 2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is it a fair desc ription? This is the writer’s description toindicate that this generation is rebelling against parents or society, but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students are trying to find work – it is just tha t they don’t like their parents nagging them. So they are a bit rebellious against their parents, but no more than that. 3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggest about Jack’s character? It sugg ests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting and without trying to ask about jobs or careers. 4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used? Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job. The quotation marks tellus that he wasn’t literally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home. 5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience? In one way he r experience hasn’t affected her attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job (withoutgoing to university) and has been working full-time since then andyet she is sympathetic and takes a soft line. 6 How is Lindenfield’s point of view affected by her own personal experience? Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as an aerial photographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates are good at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experience thus reflects – or perhaps has created – herpoint of view. 7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of view of the students rather than the parents? The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit after their hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, then they can start a serious search for employment after that. Active reading (2) If you ask me Background information This is an informal and personalized account of an economics graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and then has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). She works in a London pub called “The Salisbury” or “The Marquis Salisbury”, namedafter someone who was the British Prime Minister three times between 1885 and 1902 and whose family once owned the pub’s land. The 100 year old pub is in Leadenhall Street, just off the Charing Cross Road and Leicester Square. Daytime customers can get a pub lunch and evening customers include many office workers and theatre goers (the pub is near many West End theatres). The interior of this pub is dazzling, w ith large mirrors, cut glass and a mahogany décor. British pubs are often named after famous people (Robin Hood, The Duke of Wellington) or royalty (The Queen’s Arms, the Prince of Wales) or historical symbols (The Rose and Crown to represent King Edward III, The Royal Oak to represent King Charles II who once hid in a large oak tree). Other names often include colours and animals (The Red Bull, The Black Horse, The Golden Lion, The Swan) or symbols of traditional trades (The Compasses for carpenters, The Three Hammers for blacksmiths, The Three Tuns for winemakers). As the pub is a social place to meet as well as a place to get a drink, people often play games like dominoes or darts or join a quiz or competition. A common expression is to “go down the pub” or “go round to the local” (both meaning to go to the local pub). Culture points pub in London: A pub is a place where people go for a drink and to meet friends and socialize. People can play games – such as darts, cards, dominoes – in a pub and pubs often have quiz nights, with prizes for the winners, and live music (See also Background information) The Salisbury is a well-known pub in central London (See also Background information) London School of Economics is a distinguished university in central London, famous for social sciences. Language points 1 If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. (Para 1) Inmy opinion (If you ask me introduces an opinion), real life is not everything that people say it is. If a thing is cracked up to be, people normally praise it but in the opinion of the speaker they are wrong. 2 … spending money when you don’t have any is dead easy. (Para 7) Dead here means very. For example, we can say dead tired (exhausted), a dead loss (a complete loss or useless), a dead weight (very heavy, difficult to lift). 3 What were the odds on anyone being so nice? (Para 11) What are the chances that someone would be so nice? The writer is emphasizing here that such kindness is very unusual.4 … looking back after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed. (Para 13) A break here means a chance to be successful. A lucky break is an unexpected opportunity. Reading and understanding 2 Choose the best answer to the questions. 1 Whatdid the writer want to do after finishing her degree? (a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics. (b) To earn some money to pay off her loan. (c) To start working as soon as possible. (d) To return home and help her mother. 2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury? (a) She was hungry and thirsty. (b) She thought it would lead to better things. (c) She was a friend of the landlord. (d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working. 3 What did she buywith her first salary? (a) A bunch of flowers. (b) A CD and a plantfor the flat she lived in. (c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer. (d) She didn’t have any money left after paying the bills. 4 Why didTony give her ￡20,000? (a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help. (b) He trusted her and thought it would help her. (c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him. (d) He was secretlyin love with her. 5 What did she do with the money? (a) She used itto pay for her course at the LSE. (b) She lost a lot of it in the2008 stock market crash. (c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors. (d) She used it to start her own business. 6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan? (a) He had had an accident and needed the money for a wheelchair. (b) It meant that he would be able to see her again. (c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her. (d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest. 3 Work inpairs and answer the questions. What do we know about the writer’s:1 family background? Her mother had worked hard for 15 years tosup port her education but couldn’t afford any further support. Her father wasn’t around most of the time. He didn’t have any moneybecause he spent it on gambling on dog racing or drinking in pubs. 2 career as a student? She had a good degree in economics and wanted to study for a masters course at the London School of Economics. 3 ambition? She wanted to get a job in finance or investments in London because then she would be able to use her degree. 4 appreciation of other people? She appreciated Mike’s friend liness with customers and his skill, and she appreciated Tony as a nice person; later she appreciated the trust of Tony and his friends 5 love life? We don’t know much about this, except that she doesn’t like boys to hassle her. She thinks they are immature. 6 financial expertise? It must be quite good: She invested the ￡20,000 and made enough profit to pay the money back with interest and set up her own company. 7 sense of responsibility? She has a strong sense of responsibility because she paid back the money to the investors and paid them an annual interest for the loan. 8 philosophy of life? She believes that you should work hard; you may need one or two breaks to succeed but you should know how to use the breaks. You should be honest and responsible with people who trust you. Dealing with unfamiliar words 4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to showthat you understand someone’s problem s (sympathize) 7 needing a lotof time, ability, and energy (demanding) 5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4. Teaching tips When Ss have completed the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate words, ask them to practice reading the dialogue, trying to maketheir reading sound as conversational as possible. Choose a pair to perform their reading to the class. The class listens and gives the performing pair a rating on a scale of 1-10 for fluency and naturalness. A After three years at university, I’m now quiteheavily in debt. B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s liketo have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need totake out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job. A What did you do? B I worked in a restaurant at weekends. A That must have been very (4) demanding. B Yes, it was. Ihad to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime. A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money? B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going. 6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 When I was at college I keptall my personal things in an old cupboard. 2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs. 3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result. 4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job. 5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote. 6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising. 7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds (6) has thrived (7) honesty 7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing? 2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say? 3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed? 4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan? 5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance? 6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often? 7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nicefor them, or (b) behave badly to them? 9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier? Reading and interpreting 8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features. 1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on aboutopportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find? This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal。
Unit 6Text comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the autho r’s purpose of writing.A.II. Judge. according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F. Refer to Paragraphs 1.It is true that the flag the narrator hangs draws little attention in Paris, but the reason is not that Parisians or Frenchmen are not interested in flag-hanging in general. Rather, the Independence Day is an occasion special for Americans only and, understandably, the French show little interest in the day or the celebrating flag.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 2.3. F. Refer to Paragraph 3. The author’s children have had little chance of learning the history of the U.S. at school, and the parents as native Americans are the only ones who could have taught them about it. This, however, is not true of children in general in France.4. F. Refer to Paragraph 4. They do not conceal the dark side of the American society but try to keep their children from the follies of the American society like school shootings.5. T. Refer to Paragraph 9-11.6. F. Refer to Paragraph 12. Globalization is both beneficial and detrimental. It helps to blur the clear-cut divide between cultures on the one hand but makes children less than fully immersed in a foreign world on the other.III. Answer the following questions.1. For one thing, flag-hanging is the only thing he can do in Paris to celebrate the Independence Day, which is part of his national heritage. For another, he intends to use it as a special occasion for teaching his children about the American history and as a reminder of their native American identity.2. The children seldom mix languages up because they have acquired French through the school instructions and English through their family life withEnglish-speaking parents. And they seem to know when to use which.3. Refer to paragraphs 4-8. The benefits of raising children in a foreign culture, as the writer suggests, include acquiring a foreign language and culture and avoiding being exposed to the problems of the native culture.4. It is difficult, according to the author, to make the children understand and identify the virtues of their native culture without living in it. Family instructions are not satisfactorily effective and have to be complemented by other means such asre-entering into the native culture and taking children to historical places.5. Because he grew up in a foreign culture and he knows it is quite an issue to know how to raise children in a foreign culture without losing their native identity. He understands that the issue involves the efforts on the part of the parents.6. Globalization is like a double-edged sword to the growth of children in a foreign culture. On the one hand, it helps to reduce differences between the foreign culture and the native culture, and facilitates the physical and spiritual re-entry into the native culture. On the other hand, it unfortunately makes it more difficult than ever for children to be fully immersed in the foreign culture.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken form the text.1. July 4 is one of the times I, as a native American, feel instinctively uneasy about the great gaps in our children’s understanding of their American identity, and thus I am motivated to do something to fill the gaps.2. And living away from our native country does not matter much.3. When I lived in France as an expatriated child, the French kids were dressed in the unique French style, thus looking quite different from their counterparts in other countries.4. Full immersion in a truly foreign world no longer seems possible in Western countries, and I think this is a deplorable impact of globalization upon the growth of children in a foreign country.Structural analysis of the textThe author of this text follows a “specific-general” pattern in his discussion, i.e. he first talks about what it means to his children to hang the national flag of their native land in a foreign country on July 4th every year and then expresses his view on the importance for expatriated people in general to keep their cultural identity, especially when the whole world is undergoing a process of globalization. The specific points can be found in his discussion of the costs and benefits of raising children in a foreign culture in Paragraphs 4-9 while the general conclusion can be found in paragraphs10-12, especially paragraph 12.Vocabulary exercisesI. Replace the underlined words in the sentences with appropriate forms of words chosen from the text.1. pursue2. resonates3. confronted4. clichés5. had suppressed6. has confirmedII. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. fluency2. enrollment3. accessible4. obtainable5. personification6.enlightened7.globalization8. promptingIII . Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text .1. took pride in2. was immersed in3. resonating with4. had…been exposed to5. in his mind’s eye6. a glimpse of7.convey…to8. turned …toIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. literature2. joined3. motionless4. more than5. quickly6. desiresGrammar exercisesI. Note the use of the words in italics.Where and when are relative adverbs, introducing relative clauses.II. Complete the following sentences, using where, when or why.1.why2. where3. when4. where5. where6.where7.why8. when III. Rewrite the following sentences, omitting either the antecedent or the relative adverb if possible.1.Sam knows where we are meeting.2./(The omission of the village may cause a loss of information since it carriesspecific message. If we omit where, then we need to insert in after born.)3.Four in the afternoon is the time he always reads./ Four in the afternoon is whenhe always reads.4./(Similar to Sentence 2)5.I don’t know the exact time I should meet him.6.Why he resigned is still unknown.IV. Rank the following sentences according to their degree of formality.More formal—less formal:2 3 1V. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences.1. He failed in part because of his carelessness.Why exactly she hated him I don’t know, but I think it was in part because he had insulted her.2.There were times when I didn’t know what to do.Can you suggest a time when it will be convenient to meet?3.The beaten enemy had not other choice than to surrender.It’s none other than the manager himself.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets .1. The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.2. I saw, in my mind’s eye, the pale face of the mother when she heard the news of her son’s death.3. His walk reminds me of the way his father used to walk.4. I mixed the dates up and arrived on a wrong day.5. Her heart swelled with pride when she learned that her daughter was accepted by oxford University.6. Theoretically speaking, the whole population should have direct access to information without waiting for being filtered by the government or the media.7. The Democrats have launched a campaign to win women voters over in this presidential election.8. After he inherited his father’s estate, he was immersed in all kinds of pleasure.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.美国人热情友好，不像许多外国人想象的那样浮于表面。
综合4unit1-6答案Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It is n‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg ba dly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone‘s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A A fter three years at university, I‘m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it‘s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn‘t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don‘t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn‘t much after they‘d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she‘ll get a good degree, but I wouldn‘t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here ―kind of‖ is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, Icould use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it‘s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it‘s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences us ing try as … might .1 I‘m trying to fill this last page, but I just can‘t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can‘t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn‘t seem to respond.Try as I might to be fr iendly with Marta, she doesn‘t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can‘t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can‘t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even th ough he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn‘t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She‘s experienced at giving advice. I‘m more experienced.She‘s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I‘m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn‘t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don‘t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn‘t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don‘t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn‘t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven‘t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy ―kissing and making up‖ after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it‘s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It‘s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all th at‘s before I‘ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I‘m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won‘t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I‘m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.1.Our office building luckily had a(n) auxi l i ar ypower supply to use when the electricitywent out.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary2.There's not much of a(n) or i ent at i onfor the year's best movie, but there are a few goodones.Your answer Correct answerorientation selection3.Unfortunately, she's had a(n) degener at i oand her cancer has reappeared.Your answer Correct answerdegeneration relapse4. Soldiers in the military quickly learn that their superior officers are often not veryt ol er antof differing opinions.Your answer Correct answertolerant tolerant5.During wartime, there's usually a surge in nat i onal i smas people rally together tosupport a common cause.Your answer Correct answernationalism nationalism6.I've never had a friend quite so l oyalas my dog Rex.Your answer Correct answer loyal loyal7.Mr. Sanford, I love your daughter and I'd like to ask for your permission to pr oposetoher.Your answer Correct answerpropose propose8.We hired a company to come in and er adi cat ethe mice from our basement.Your answer Correct answer eradicate eradicate9.The teacher slowly lost control of her students and let the class r el apseinto achaos of voices.Your answer Correct answerrelapse degenerate 10. If you see anything suspicious, please report it immediately to one of theuni f or m edpolice officers.Your answer Correct answeruniformed uniformed11.I tend to live by the m ot t o"Work hard, play hard."Your answer Correct answer motto motto12.The law states that people younger than 21 cannot drink beer, wine, or l i quor.Your answer Correct answerliquor liquor13. sel ect i onof public opinion, increasing anddecreasing in popularity every day.Your answer Correct answerselection tyranny14.Last Saturday, we stood in line for an hour to get a cone from the ice cream vendor.Your answer Correct answer vendor vendor15.College students usually begin their first year with t yr annyactivities so they arefamiliar with their new environment.Your answer Correct answertyranny orientation16. H i st or i ansusually disagree about who they think the greatest world leader of all time is.Your answer Correct answerHistorians Historians17.If you'd like to di sput ethe charges, please call the phone number for complaints. Your answer Correct answerdispute dispute18.The r enownedphysicist earned even more recognition when he won the Nobel Prize.Your answer Correct answerrenowned renowned19.Do you have anyi nsi ghtinto why your employees are behaving so poorly? Your answer Correct answerinsight insight20. After ten long years of holding a grudge against him, I think it's finally time to makeam ends.amends amends Section B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Why did you interview for that job i nthe first place?Your answer Correct answer in in22.Oh my goodness, these photos date backto my college days.Your answer Correct answer back back23.After our dog destroyed the living room couch, we packed him upto obedienceschool.Your answer Correct answerup off24.As soon as five o'clock rolled around, Maria took of fand went home.Your answer Correct answer off off25.The book can be summed upin one word: boring.Your answer Correct answer up up26.Can you get me outof this assignment?Your answer Correct answer out out27.The researchers were onthe brink of a major discovery.on on28.My ankle is still sore, so I'm afraid I'm going to have to sit outthis game.Your answer Correct answer out out29.The spare bedroom doubles asmy home office.Your answer Correct answer as as30.The presidents talked about, am ongother things, the peace treaty between theircountries.Your answer Correct answeramong amongPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.It is truly (31)shabbythat people nowadays don't know nearly enough aboutancient civilizations. In the Western world, the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome gave rise to thepopular idea of (32)dem ocr acythat is central to many modern governments.Democratic governments sometimes are derided as a(n) (33)f al l acyin today'sworld—many people don't feel as if they truly have a meaningful voice. However, there were cities (particularly in Greece) where the democratic ideal was born and every citizen truly had a powerful voice.Remarkably, we know this is the case because many documents have survived. Historians canverify their (34)m i ghtby dating the paper, so we can (35)unhesi t at i ngl ydeclare that they are legitimate. Linguists are able to (36)deci pherthe ancientlanguages used in the documents, and we are therefore able to benefit from the wisdom inscribed onthose pages. In addition, researchers can use (37)ar chaeol ogyto uncover the physicalremains of ancient villages. We have discovered that homes were a uniform size and most people lived as relative equals.I find it truly (38)l am ent abl eto hear people say that there's nothing we can learnfrom history. Even if only a small (39)f r agm entof the wisdom of ancient Greecesurvived until today, we would be better off. Indeed, it is an amazing thing to realize that our(40)dest i nyas a people, our future, depends on our knowledge and understandingof our past.Your answer Correct answer(31) shabby lamentable(32) democracy democracy(33) fallacy fallacy(34) might authenticity(35) unhesitatingly unhesitatingly(36) decipher decipher(37) archaeology archaeology(38) lamentable offensive(39) fragment fragment(40) destiny destinyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Museums, as places of cultural significance, find their roots in the classical world. Ancient Greece and Rome constructed and valued "museums," though they were largely centers of philosophical thought, rather than repositories of valuable objects. Nevertheless, the ancient world still had public collections of objects which resembled the modern concept of a museum. Greek temples and Roman forums often displayed gold and silver offerings, sculptures, and paintings.During the 15th century, the modern concept of museums came into fashion in Europe. During the following few centuries, museums such as the Ashmolean Museum, the Vatican museums, the British Museum, and the Louvre were founded and opened. The first modern museums began as private collections of wealthy individuals who amassed extensive collections and then exhibited them for public viewing. The modern museum has been described as "a product of Renaissance humanism,eighteenth-century enlightenment, and nineteenth-century democracy." These first museums were, however, rarely accessible to the public beyond the upper classes.Until the 18th century, museums were chiefly concerned with collecting the beautiful and the curious, and this was often done for personal interests. During the 19th and 20th centuries, however, museums and cultural institutions proliferated throughout Europe and the United States. It was during this intense period of proliferation that the concept of the museum as something more than just a storehouse for invaluable treasures was developed. Museums began to dedicate themselves to collection, conservation, preservation, and research. Natural history, science, and art museums became scholarly centers of academic research and thought. Once museums and other cultural institutions became public, exhibition became a much more predominant concern. Preexisting museum goals (e.g., collection, conservation, and preservation) suddenly became the means to procure interesting and desirable exhibitions.Museums in the United States developed slowly. Charles Wilson Peale founded his natural history museum in the late 18th century in Philadelphia, and he is considered the first great American museum director. In 1846, James Smithson made a bequest to the United States "for the increase and diffusion ofknowledge" which led to the development of the Smithsonian Institution. The United States finally made its mark on the development of the modern museum in 1870 with the founding of the American Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. Throughout the 20th century, museums and other cultural institutions began to focus on education. American museums, especially, are devoted to public education in their specific areas of expertise. Many such organizations have also transformed themselves into cultural centers with performing arts, music, and film presentations.41. Which of the following museums was the first to open?A. Metropolitan Museum of Art.B. Smithsonian Institution.C. British Museum.D. Peale's Natural History Museum.42. With which of the following statements would the author of this passage NOT agree?A. Museums in the classical world were very similar to museums in the 19th century.B. The modern museum developed over several hundred years.C. Modern museums have many priorities other than collecting.D. The earliest museums were only accessible to the wealthy.43. According to this passage, the modern concept of museums dates back to _____.A. the classical worldB. the 15th centuryC. the 18th centuryD. the 20th century44. This passage is best described as _____.A. a first-person memoirB. a dramatic dialogueC. a persuasive essayD. a historical survey45. Modern museums tend to focus on all of the following EXCEPT _____.A. conservationB. philosophical thoughtC. preservationD. educationts, music, and film presentations.。
Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.1.Our office building luckily had a(n)went out.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary2.ones.Your answer Correct answerorientation selection3.Your answer Correct answerdegeneration relapse4. Soldiers in the military quickly learn that their superior officers are often not veryYour answer Correct answertolerant tolerant5.During wartime, there's usually a surge insupport a common cause.Your answer Correct answernationalism nationalism6.Your answer Correct answerloyal loyal7.her.Your answer Correct answerpropose propose8.We hired a company to come in andYour answer Correct answereradicate eradicate9.of voices.Your answer Correct answerrelapse degenerate 10. If you see anything suspicious, please report it immediately to one of theYour answer Correct answeruniformed uniformed11.Your answer Correct answermotto motto12.Your answer Correct answerliquor liquor13.in popularity every day.Your answer Correct answerselection tyranny14.Last Saturday, we stood in line for an hour to get a cone from the ice creamYour answer Correct answervendor vendor15.familiar with their new environment.Your answer Correct answertyranny orientation16.Your answer Correct answerHistorians Historians17.Your answer Correct answerdispute dispute18.TheYour answer Correct answerrenowned renowned19.Your answer Correct answerinsight insight20. After ten long years of holding a grudge against him, I think it's finally time to makeYour answer Correct answeramends amendsSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerin in22.Your answer Correct answerback back23.After our dog destroyed the living room couch, we packed himschool.Your answer Correct answerup off24.As soon as five o'clock rolled around, Maria tookYour answer Correct answeroff off25.The book can be summedYour answer Correct answerup up26.Can you get meYour answer Correct answerout out27.The researchers wereYour answer Correct answeron on28.My ankle is still sore, so I'm afraid I'm going to have to sitYour answer Correct answerout out29.Your answer Correct answeras as30.The presidents talked about,countries.Your answer Correct answeramong amongPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.It is truly that people nowadays don't know nearly enough about ancient civilizations. In the Western world, the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome gave rise to thepopular idea of that is central to many modern governments. Democraticgovernments sometimes are derided as a(n) in today's world—many people don't feel as if they truly have a meaningful voice. However, there were cities (particularly in Greece) where the democratic ideal was born and every citizen truly had a powerful voice.Remarkably, we know this is the case because many documents have survived. Historians canverify their by dating the paper, so we candeclare that they are legitimate. Linguists are able to the ancientlanguages used in the documents, and we are therefore able to benefit from the wisdom inscribed onthose pages. In addition, researchers can use to uncover the physical remains of ancient villages. We have discovered that homes were a uniform size and most people lived as relative equals.I find it truly to hear people say that there's nothing we can learn fromhistory. Even if only a small of the wisdom of ancient Greece survived until today, we would be better off. Indeed, it is an amazing thing to realize that ouras a people, our future, depends on our knowledge and understanding of our past.Your answer Correct answer(31) shabby lamentable(32) democracy democracy(33) fallacy fallacy(34) might authenticity(35) unhesitatingly unhesitatingly(36) decipher decipher(37) archaeology archaeology(38) lamentable offensive(39) fragment fragment(40) destiny destinyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Museums, as places of cultural significance, find their roots in the classical world. Ancient Greece and Rome constructed and valued "museums," though they were largely centers of philosophical thought, rather than repositories of valuable objects. Nevertheless, the ancient world still had public collections of objects which resembled the modern concept of a museum. Greek temples and Roman forums often displayed gold and silver offerings, sculptures, and paintings.During the 15th century, the modern concept of museums came into fashion in Europe. During the following few centuries, museums such as the Ashmolean Museum, the Vatican museums, the British Museum, and the Louvre were founded and opened. The first modern museums began as private collections of wealthy individuals who amassed extensive collections and then exhibited them for public viewing. The modern museum has been described as "a product of Renaissance humanism,eighteenth-century enlightenment, and nineteenth-century democracy." These first museums were, however, rarely accessible to the public beyond the upper classes.Until the 18th century, museums were chiefly concerned with collecting the beautiful and the curious, and this was often done for personal interests. During the 19th and 20th centuries, however, museums and cultural institutions proliferated throughout Europe and the United States. It was during this intense period of proliferation that the concept of the museum as something more than just a storehouse for invaluable treasures was developed. Museums began to dedicate themselves to collection, conservation, preservation, and research. Natural history, science, and art museums became scholarly centers of academic research and thought. Once museums and other cultural institutions became public, exhibition became a much more predominant concern. Preexisting museum goals (e.g., collection, conservation, and preservation) suddenly became the means to procure interesting and desirable exhibitions.Museums in the United States developed slowly. Charles Wilson Peale founded his natural history museum in the late 18th century in Philadelphia, and he is considered the first great American museum director. In 1846, James Smithson made a bequest to the United States "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge" which led to the development of the Smithsonian Institution. The United States finally made itsmark on the development of the modern museum in 1870 with the founding of the American Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. Throughout the 20th century, museums and other cultural institutions began to focus on education. American museums, especially, are devoted to public education in their specific areas of expertise. Many such organizations have also transformed themselves into cultural centers with performing arts, music, and film presentations.41. Which of the following museums was the first to open?A. Metropolitan Museum of Art.B. Smithsonian Institution.C. British Museum.D. Peale's Natural History Museum.42. With which of the following statements would the author of this passage NOT agree?A. Museums in the classical world were very similar to museums in the 19th century.B. The modern museum developed over several hundred years.C. Modern museums have many priorities other than collecting.D. The earliest museums were only accessible to the wealthy.43. According to this passage, the modern concept of museums dates back to _____.A. the classical worldB. the 15th centuryC. the 18th centuryD. the 20th century44. This passage is best described as _____.A. a first-person memoirB. a dramatic dialogueC. a persuasive essayD. a historical survey45. Modern museums tend to focus on all of the following EXCEPT _____.A. conservationB. philosophical thoughtC. preservationD. educationts, music, and film presentations.。
