高三英语语法填空专题复习课件
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英语专题复习语法填空准备好:做好学案,积累本,词典双色笔,Learning Aims:1. T o master the methods and techniques to fill in the blanks・2. T o improve the ability of analyzing the sentence structure ・3. To apply the grammar to practice freely4. T0 enjoy the pleasure of learning English一、高考大纲要求语法填空题考纲要求:共10小题,每小题1・5分。
在一篇约200词左 右的语言材料中留出10个空白,部分空白的 后面给出单词下文填写空白处所需的内容(木多于三个单 词)或所提供单词的正确形衣本部分所需时 间约为10分钟。
亠 i_i | rm 口 j r m=r (不多于二个单 或所提供单词的正确形衣本部分所需时【语法填空命题特点】1.语法和词汇(考试重点);上下文连贯性(语境)0语法填空题的出题特点:提示性填空题和自由填空两大类O提填空主要考察动词(包括时态、语态和非谓语动词)、形容副词(包括形容词和副词之间词性转换和词形转化以及比较级和最高级的变化)以及名词(比较少,但是曾有词性转换方面的题出现)。
而自由填空主要集中在冠词(和名词相生相依)、代词、介词、连词。
2.语法填空涉及到的语法项目:1名词2代词3数词4介词和介词短语5形容词6副词7冠词8. 动词(时态、语态、非谓语动词)9构词法10主谓一致11连词(并列句、主从句、并列复合句)12句子成分13. 句子种类14省略15倒装16.强调17.虚拟语气18.特殊句式19情态动词【语法填空解题方法】(-)有提示词填空的做题方法1■动词•) 如果所给词是动词,首先判断该动词在句中允当谓语还是I 非谓语。
空格前如果是比较复杂动名词、不定式或者主语从句 ,要注意主谓一致,此外要根据上下文判断句子的时态和语态① China has over thepast years .®As the program shows forking with the family gather thanbypassing the parents , IS (be )the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life .©Cupboards in her kitchen didn't need at all .spent (S pend )a lot of money on such research were filled (fill )with things that she(use )the same set of character 5but even the same characters can havedifferent pronunciations .©The Chinese language ,as a whole , uses(2)如果句子不缺谓语,转换题的话,那么这个空一定是非谓语动词。
舉清处的知道非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和 过去分词以及他们的被动式和完成式等。
同时要记住动词不定式 在句子中可以充当除了谓语之外的所有句子成分,多数情况下, 动词不定式表示动作还未发生;动名词可以在句子中做主语、宾 语、表语和定语;现在分词和过去分词做定语、状语、补语和表 语。
同时,现在分词通常表示动作正在进行,和逻辑主语是主谓 关系,而过去分词表示动作已完成或者和逻辑主语是动宾关系。
① There are manypositive developments associated而所给词又是动词,如果能排除是词形 (associate )with the internet (fill )with toys into the ④ Campbellhalf of the dfiagainst river blindness, as well as showing powerful effect against other diseases.:3)基本知识掌握后,还要关注上下文中提供的关键词来判断是哪种非谓语动词形式,比如watch, see, notice, hear等词,那么有doing 和do两种情况,现在分词和过去分词的判定比不定式和动名词要难,但是,只要记住固定句式结构之外就是要找准动词和逻辑主语之间的关系,尤其是主句之前或者之后出现了逗号这种情况,尤其要引起注意。
如①She let me choose my sleep medicine , making (make )sure that Iwas okay.②As we started to go out, I turned around and saw them all watchingfwatch ) us .©Another tradition is to have their photographs )・taken(4)词性及词形变化The cards often included an (takeinvitatiop nv j te阻the ceremony .2.形容词和副词第一,要确切的知道,形容词在句子中充当的句子成分和所处位置。
a.形容词M以放在名词前面做定语;b.形容词可以在系动词后面作表语;c.形容词可以放在宾语后做宾语补足语。
副词在句子中所充当的句子成分和所处的位置。
a.副词放在动词的前后做动词状语;b.副词放在形容词前做形容词的状语;c.副词放在副词前面做状语。
① His teacher took a deep drink, smiled warmlywarm), andthanked his student very much for the sweet water.②The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou also discoveredartemisinin (青蒿素)druq sharnbjharp)reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria (疟疾)・第二,要明确形容词和副词之间的词性和词形转换。
I根据前文,学生能够判断句子却的是形容词还是副词之后,根据上下文逻辑结构 -和句子意思,通过加减前后缀的办法把题目做正确。
_ ■①H is teacher took a deep drink, smiled warmly (warm), thanked his student very much for the sweet water.②W e drank together and talked merrilyfmerry) till far into the night.③There was so much Warmth (warm ) in each hug ・©She said to the reporters that the idea of helpingsomebody's child go to college gave her much pleasure(piease).®A government study has found that South Korea children are the least happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries .Many South Koreas owe thisunh旦p惟泌邮py )to theeducational pressure .(necessary⑥ Do not carry too much money ord怕@曲加ry第三,注意形容词和副词的比较级别,同级比较用 as...as …和not so …as …,其中宴加形容词副词的原级O 用形容词和副词取决于前面的动词是系动词还是 实意动词;比较级有比较连词than 或者根据上下文 判断有隐性的比较;最高级前面有标志性的词the 或 者修饰比较级常用词much/even /far/ by far /a bit /a little /a lot/a great deal / no/或序数词①A government study has found that South Koreachildren in 29 other developeicountries . ② People inNorthernEuropqfare Jjnuch luck).children are the|ea§t (little )happy compared to③Cook is a Io easier (easv )for us than most of us think3•名词名词在语法填空中岀现的几率比较低,但是名词 却是做自由填空的一个非常重要的参照物。
名词击 提示性填空部分,最可能出现的题就是动词转化成 名词这种形去。
但必须明确名词的特点。
单数可数 名词前面必炭有三类修饰限定词:a 必须有a/an , the ; b •必须有形容词性的物主代词;c •必须有指示 代词this 或者that 以及不定代词。
三者是必有其一, 互不兼容。
不可数名词最显著的特点就是不能与 a/anS 用,但是英语中要注意一词多义的情况。
①These two fjjgcoverie 幻iscover) provide humankind 曲fFiWTi 臥Pvay to fight these disease that affect hundreds of millions of people annually旬PB%itment (appoint) was at five and I stillhadlnvitati °[?nvite )to the The cards often included an cer③My twenty minutes ・® DorTt wait for mnapologyJ(aooloaize V(二)无提示词填空题的做题方法1.介词介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on, in, at, with, by, through 等。