大三下高级英语2期末复习资料unit1-8

高级英语下册Lesson One The Company in Which I work (2)我工作的公司Lesson Two Eveline 伊芙林 (13)Lesson Three What’s Wrong with Our Press (22)我们的报纸问题何在Lesson Four The Tragedy of Old Age in America (32)美国老龄的悲剧Lesson Five Trifles(Part One) 琐事(第一部分) (44)Lesson Six Trifles(Part Two) 琐事(第二部分) (55)Lesson Seven Ace in the Hole 埃斯身陷困境 (68)Lesson Eight Science Has Spoiled My Supper (84)科学毁了我的晚餐Lesson one The Company in Which I Work 我工作的公司In the company in which I work, each of us is afraid of at least one person. The lower your position is, the more people you are afraid of. And all the people are afraid of the twelve men at the top who helped found and build the company and now own and direct it.我工作的公司里，每个人都至少害怕一个人。

职位越低，所惧怕的人越多。

所有的人都害怕那十二位顶层上司，他们帮助创建了这个公司，而且现在仍然大权在握。

All these twelve men are elderly now and drained by time and success of energy and ambition. Many have spent their whole lives here. They seem friendly, slow, and content when I come upon them in the halls and always courteous and mute when they ride with others in the public elevators. They no longer work hard. They hold meetings, make promotions, and allow their names to be used on announcements that are prepared and issued by somebody else. Nobody is sure anymore who really runs the company (not even the people who are credited with running it), but the company does run. (横线句子翻译)所有这十二位都已经上了年纪，而且岁月的沧桑和对成功的执著追求使他们心力交瘁。

Unit 1 lash A. strike violentlypummel C. hit with repeated blowgruff C. roughelevate B. lift updemolish A. destroyscud A. go straight and fastinterior A. situated insideferocity B. fiercenessshudder D. shakesanctuary B. sheltermaroon D. leave helpless and alone vantage C. advantagedebris D. scattered broken piecesimplore A. request earnestlyskim B. move lightly overrampage C. ragefestoon D. decorateextinguish A. put outdisintegrate B. break up into pieces frustrate A. discourageprop A. supporttilt B. inclineendure C. bearbar A. music notethrust D. driving forcediminish B. reduceperish dielap C. beatviolent windstorm h hurricaneletters; letter writing c correspondencemachine for generating g generatorto put into water; throw water over d douseto rise to higher level of rank, power etc. m mountstate in trouble or difficulty m messto save from loss, fire, wreck etc. s salvageof the mind p psychologicalto strike or fill with respect combined with fear and reverence a awe done, carried out, with order or method m methodicalimpressive or sensational s spectacularsomething owned p possessiondifficult or impossible to understand or comprehend i incomprehensible forceful, often vindictive anger w wrathto lay waste or destroy d devastatea place or structure to which a vessel or aircraft can be moored m mooring to break suddenly with a brisk, sharp, cracking sound s snapto grasp and hold tightly. c clutchto defeat completely and decisively o overwhelmone of the glass-filled divisions of a window or door p panea usually rectangular pad of heavy cloth filled with soft material or an arrangement of coiled springs, used as or on a bed m mattressto strike or affect in a manner similar to lashing w whipto seek advice or information of c consultunwilling; disinclined r reluctanta person who performs or offers to perform a service of his or her own free will v volunteerJohn Koshak Sr. is a businessman, who designs educational toys and supplies. 错Gulfport is a town, where the Koshaks live and which it is said that the hurricane would pummel. 对The old parents have been living with young couple and their children for some years. 错When the water rose above their ankles, they tried to run away, but failed. 对The hurricane seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 250 yards away. 错The stairs were protected by two walls from the direction of the wind. 错Charlie had to some extent taken upon himself the task of looking after theneighbour and her two children. 对Because the two walls of the room where they were seeking shelter were breaking up, John ordered everyone to go into the bedroom. 错The federal government supplied food, mobile homes, classrooms and loans to the stricken area as quickly as the other organizations in the country. 对When they picked up some useful things from the wrecked home, they were depressed. 错Theme of “Face to face with Hurricane Camille”is _____.A. Human being is more important than anything else in the world.How many people are there in the house to fight against the hurricane? D. 15 How many onslaughts did hurricane hit the Koshak’s house? B. four times When the sea water reached the house and destroyed the staircase, the Koshak’s family had to retreat to ______. D. the bedroomThe antagonist in the story is _____. C. the hurricanePut the following words and phrases into the appropriate blanks in the following sentences. (Filling in the grid is optional.)revival vital be strewn grade surviving vivifying blues revived vivid trail away vivisection sprawled survivor revitalize vitamin be bound to1. Some experts believe that low mortgage rates will help to revitalize the economy.2. One of the tests of good writing is whether or not its imagery is vivid.3.The group, which wants to prevent cruelty to animals, is against vivisection in medical labs.4. Surviving a catastrophe often makes one more sensitive to the positive aspects of life.5. He is bound to to go, and nothing will stop him.6. His voice trailed away in confusion.7. The path was strewn with flowers8. These apples have been graded according to size and quality9. The blues has finally gotten me today.10. A vitamin supplement is needed by people who do not consume a proper diet.11.After a day’s work, he was extremely tired. He came home and sprawled on the sofa immediately.12. A vital part of any health program is exercise.13. The revival of the 1960's brought back wild hairstyles and boots with mini-skirts.14. By administering mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, the lifeguard revived the drowned man.15.There was not a single survivor of the recent plane crash near Los Angeles.16. The actress had the gift of vivifying any role with her unique blend of humor and pathos.Unit2chant A. religious songderelict C. abandonedhummock B. a low rounded hillstow D. hide awayfrenzied A. full of uncontrolled excitement fodder C. rough foodclamour B. noisily expressdesolate D. barrenslump B. sink downsquash C. squeezeplight A. conditioninfuriate B. fill with rageinquisitive A. unnecessarily curioussidle D. walk sidewaysnibble C. take small bitsghetto B. areanavvy C. a labourerlucerne A. plantscrap D. a small piecehack B. dig roughlystork C. white birdclump A. walkgarrison C. military camphobble A. walk in difficulty with small steps identify A. equateliterally D. actuallyrag C. a scrap of clothbumpy B. roughacre A. a wide expanse of land witchcraft B. magicJewish quarter of a town, a part of a city in which a group of people live who are poor ghettoof the Middle Ages m medieval back part of an animal including the legs h hindquartershaving difficulty to distinguish u undifferentiatedframework of all bones in a human or animal body s skeletontown, city, district with local self-government m municipality cause to bend, curve, or twist out of shape w warpgroup of trees g grovesoldiers who fight on foot i infantryinjure or make sore by rubbing g gallof, relating to, or belonging to the era before recorded history p prehistorica container made to be carried on the back of a person or an animal p packto shine by reflection with a sparklingluster g glistena feeling of profound awe and respect and often love r reverenceto deceive in fun; fool k kida formation, as of troops or vehicles, in which all elements follow one behind the other columnone that inhabits a place, especially as a permanent resident i inhabitant easily broken or destroyed f frail a crossbar with two U-shaped pieces that encircle the necks of a pair of oxen or other draft animals working together y yokea trench, furrow, or groove c channelto cause to shrivel and dry up m mummifyof or relating to an earliest or original stage or state p primitiveto become reduced in amount or value; dwindle s shrink very good or satisfying; praiseworthy s splendidto inhabit or overrun in numbers large enough to be harmful i infestwail infest with invisible warp wind up wring appeal to lower splendid frenzied1. The child is wailing for the toy.2. We took a long walk and wound up at the edge of town.3. I think what appeals to me about his painting is the colours he uses.4. Nowadays, the streets in some places of the city were infested with drugs.5. The policemen were trying to wring the truth out of the recalcitrant witness.6. The temperature has lowered gradually this month.7. He has made a splendid performance in the examinations.8. The wooden frame warped in the humidity.9. The office was a scene of frenzied activity this morning.10. Air is invisible but we can feel its motion when there is a wind.The method the writer uses in developing his exposition is ________.B. exampleThe thesis of this essay is ____. D. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact.People in Marrakech bury the dead _____. B. in a careless way Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere ______. A. a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.The tone of the author in Para 16 and 17 is _____. C. ironical Every white man has the thought that he won't be able to deceive the blacks any longer in his mind, except a socialist. 错What a white man expect from the Negro soldier is a not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen or not inquisitive look. 错Owing to some kind of accident if one even notices the old woman means when an old woman happens to have an accident, one can see her under the heavy load of sticks. 错The Jewish people don't engage in agriculture while the Arabs do. 对The sentence "Yes mon vieux, they took my job away and gave it to a Jew" means "Yes my friend, those white people took my job away and gave to a Jew. 错The mourners are carrying the dead body through the market where goodsare on sale. 对Gazelle obviously did not like the writer, so he struck him and tried to keep him away from approaching him, so that he could eat the whole bread without giving it to the Arab navvy. 错The people in this colonial country have brown skin. They can not be distinguished from each other. They are as individual as bees and coral insects. 对Hummocky earth refers to a derelict building-lot. 错You hear the usual dark rumours about the Jews means people are spreading rumours that Hitler would come here and kill the Jews. 错Unit 3Inaugural B.formal speech made by a person on taking office Sovereign A. self-governingSubversion C. destroyinginvective D. abusive languageinvoke A. call forthprescribe A. order or directtribulation D. great difficulty or troubleadversary C. an enemycivility B. polite behaviourengulf A. swallow upheed D. pay attention toshield A. person or thing that protects asunder B. apart in direction or position belabour B. set upon with too much talk eradicater D. put an end to; destroy observe A. celebratealmighty B. all-powerfusymbolize C. representundoing D. destructionpermit B. consentcommit A. pledgehost B. multitudealliance D. associationcast C. throwprey A. victimaggression B. invasionoutpace D. surpassanew A. once moretestimony A. evidenceinspection D. examinationthe sense of right and wrong consciencethe largest or greatest number, amount, etc. maximumdrawn up ready for battle embattledto express clearly and exactly formulatethat which has been or may be inherited heritageto take an oath swearthe quality of being generous generosityany public place in which discussions take place forumformal written order in the name of a court of law, government, or other authority, directing a person to do or not to sth. writto do away with completely abolisheither half of the celestial sphere as divided by the ecliptic, the celestial equator, or the horizon. hemispherea group of persons gathered together for a common reason, as for a legislative, religious, educational, or social purpose. assemblyto confer with another or others in order to come to terms or reach an agreement negotiatethe act of suspecting something, especially something wrong, on little evidence or without proof suspicionto keep in perfect or unaltered condition; maintain unchanged. preserveto call together summonfeelings of devoted attachment and affection loyaltybe delighted rejoicea conscientious or concerted effort toward an end; an earnest attempt endeavorardent, often selfless affection and dedication devotionsomething promoting or contributing to happiness, well-being, or prosperity; a boon blessingthe act or an instance of seeking or pursuing something; a search. questto release or loose from or as if from a leash unleashto give warning to alarmfree or almost free from change, variation, or fluctuation; uniform steadyto have meaning or importance signifydeeply earnest, serious, and sober solemna solemn, formal declaration or promise to fulfill a pledge, often calling on God or a sacred object as witness o oatha person from whom one is descended; an ancestor forebearan adversary; an opponent foeKennedy's specific poliscy towards the poor countries is B. to help them help themselves.In what way is the world different according to Kennedy? B. in the way of science and technology.Which statement is not true? D. Bothe are trying to keep this uncertain balance of terrible military power.In his line "Let the word go forth from this time and place", “the word”means. C.what Kennedy saysKennedy's "alliance for progress" is the policy towards. D. the Latin American countries.Unit 4intricate B. complicatedanecdote A. short amusing storyaffirmation C. positive statementchurl D. peasantconvict A. criminalintercept A. stop between starting-point and destinationdenial C. refusing a requestdelve C. search carefully and deeplyimmune A. securefacetious D. not serioussinister B. suggesting evilpejorative C. contemptuousultimatum D. final statement of conditions to be acceptedtussle A. have a hard struggle or fightscamper C. run quickly and playfully、tart B. sarcasticcoin D. inventdominance C. controlling powersalon A .a regular held fashionable gatheringsociable A. gregariousdeserve D. to be worthy ofsparkle D. flowopportunity C. a chance for advancementindulged A. gratifygossip B. rumorprose C. writingpunctuate D. interrupt periodicallyrecess C. secluded placepressing A. urgentedict ： A. orderordinary commonplacejumping from one thing to another d desultorysoldier armed with a musket m musketeervery close friend or associate i intimateflow slowly, turning here and there m meanderusing or involving two languages b bilingualfarmyard birds of any kind, such as hens, ducks, etc. p poultryperson in an unimportant position working for sb. else u underling magical or mysterious power or process of transforming one thing into another a alchemystate, quality of being snobbish s snobberyperson with the legal right to receive a title, property, when the owner dies h heirmocking remark j jeergreatest in power, authority, or rank; paramount or dominant s supremeto object to, especially in a formal statement p ：protest a person, an animal, or a plant whose descent can be traced to a particular individual or group. descendanta force that tends to oppose or retard motion r resistancean enclosure for swine s stythe meat of a calf v veala narrow fissure in rock or a break in friendly relations r riftsomething that separates or holds apart b barrierto attempt to overthrow the authority of the state or rebel r revoltto use wrongly or improperly; misuse a abuse treatment or consideration based on class or category rather than individual merit; partiality or prejudice d discriminationphysical or mental strength, energy, or force v vigorto declare free of blame; absolve. j justify1. He said he loved her in the inner most recesses of his heart.2. They indulged in eating and drinking in the party the other evening.3. One's upbring largely determines success in life.4. in a flash he realized that they were presents from his patients.5. By the time I’ve paid all the bills I owe I shall b on the rocks6. What’s wrong with him? He is in such a bad temper. He must have got out of bed on the wrong side7. I wish my students wouldn’t turn up their noses at doing their schoolwork.8. I wouldn’t be in your shoes for all the wealth in the world.9. We are waiting for confirmation of the news.10. You must bind the gangster to the seat with rope lest he should escape11. He was always trying to get to know members of the nobility out of snobbery12. it was not until he mid-twentieth century that psychology really came into its own13. Because Matt is susceptible to bronchial infections, his mother badgered him to get a flu shot.14. Laura agreed to accept Tom's gift on condition that he allow here to treat him to a movie.15. A perceptive child knows immediately when a parent is distraught or upset.16. Hank has no concept of how difficult it is to operate a farm these days.17. The actress was receptive to the director's suggestions for portraying the role of Lady Macbeth. 18. The performances in this production of Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard are first-rate, with only one exception19. Macbeth's expression was deceptive, for as he smiled, he plotted King Duncan'sdeath.20. This antiballistic missile is designed to locate and intercept enemy ballistic missiles.The real thesis of this piece of exposition is _______ C. Bar conversation has a charm of its ownThis piece of exposition is _____ in style. B. informalOne of the reasons for him to like bar conversation is that ______. D. He was a frequenter of the English pubs“The King’s English ”came into being in ______. A. 16th centuryThe worst conversationalist is the person who ______. C. is trying to talk sense The Norman lords turned up their noses at rabbit, because the rabbit was not changed into lapin. 错A good conversation has no focus at all. 错The rulers of the Angevins and the Plantagenets spoke French. 对The author agrees to what Auden said that all a writer needs is a pen, plenty of paper and “the best dictionaries he can afford.”错Even the most educated and the most literate people do not use the King’s English all the time in conversation. 对The author is in favour of bilingual education. 对There exists in the working people, different from the Saxon peasants, a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class. 错Looking up the dictionary in the middle of a conversation will settle the argumentin the conversation, which will make the conversation goes freely. 错People who ruin the conversation by talking sense are just like chimpanzees, who are not able to have conversation. 对The language of Dr. Caius should be more vigorous, direct and straightforward. ：错Unit5sceptical B. incredulouspedantic D. of a person who emphasizes trivial points of learning proportions D. dimensionsblubber say with sobsmodulate A. make a change in the toneinfamy B. being shamefulcontrite C. penitentwax A. grow bigger or greateracme B. highest pointveer C. change directionsexultant A. triumphantunsightly B. uglytesty C. impatientfracture B. breaktug A. pullcovet D. desiretrauma A. emotional shockgrulling C. tiringdesist B. ceasemince D. euphemizeperspiration C. sudationclap A. strikequalify C. restrictchink D. a narrow openingreel B. lurchshamble A. walk in an awkward waycontrite C. feeling regretdiscerning C. perspicaciouschirp D. a short,high-pitched soundwaif A. homeless childcontradict B. be contrary toimmovable A. permanentpenetrate B. piercespecification a detailed, exact statement of particulars scrap C. small piecetremendous D. enormousposture C. carriagegrasp tightly B. clutchscalpel C. a small, light knifewince B. draw backjuice which comes from meat while it is cooking g gravyto determine the nature of (esp. a disease) from observation of symptoms d diagnoseflat part of either side of the head between the forehead and the ear t temple medicine causing the bowels to empty themselves l laxativeappointment between lovers to meet at a secret place t trystlarge, solid piece c chunkwithout denial a admittedlylose health and strength l languishto become less or weaker w wanenamed group of fixed stars c constellationdeformed and mentally undeveloped person c cretinsmall piece of burning wood or coal in a dying fire e emberto make a loud deep noise like a bull b bellowwidely known esp. for sth. bad n notoriousart of placing or moving fighting forces for or during battle t tacticsone, such as a person or an object, that is bulky, clumsy, or unwieldy h hulk to destine to an unhappy end d dooma bowl-shaped depression at the mouth of a volcano c craterno longer burning or active e extinctshowing initiative and willingness to undertake new projects e enterprising worth being remembered or noted m memorableto set free or keep free from restrictions or bonds u unfettera business enterprise involving some risk in expectation of gain v venture lacking strength or firmness; weak or spiritless l limplacking vigor or energy f flaccidsuitable for a particular person, condition, occasion, or place; fitting. a appropriate a specifically defined division in a system of classification; a class. c categorya branch of knowledge or teaching d disciplinekeenly perceptive or discerning; penetrating: a acutethe extreme limit of understanding or achievenment in a particular area f ___ frontierhaving or showing shrewdness and discernment, especially with respect to one's own concerns. a astutesomething taken to be true for the purpose of argument or investigation; an assumption hypothesisto engage in a formal discussion or argument d debatea massive variety of the mineral uraninite p pitchblendeanger aroused by something unjust, mean, or unworthy. i indignationa shrill, often frantic cry s shrieka surface layer of earth containing a dense growth of grass and its matted roots t turfto make known (something concealed or secret) r revealhaving the flavor or odor of game, especially game that is slightly spoiled g gamyto thrust or throw forcefully into a substance or place p plungethe skin of an animal with the fur or hair still on it p peltto burn with little smoke and no flame s smoldersomething expected; a possibility p prospectgilled with a specified element or elements f fraughta quality, an ability, or an accomplishment that makes a person suitable for a particular position or task q qualificationThe writer wants to show that ______.B. love is an error and it has deceptive quality that does not follow the principles of logicThe narrator claimed that Polly's brain is just like ______. C. a dynamo According to the narrator, he is ______. B. writing an informal essayYou would go far to find another girl so agreeable”means that ______.D. it would be difficult for you to find another girl who was as agreeable as Polly.When he was ultimately rejected by Polly, the law student thought he was ___. A. Frankenstein1.There is a limit for what flesh and blood can bear.[01] synecdoche2.The first man has poisoned the well before anybody could drink from it. Hehas .hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. [02] metaphor3.It was like digging a tunnel.[03] simile4.it is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect.[04] hyperbole5.I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat. allusion metonymy6.“Holy Toledo!”he repeated fifteen or twenty times. [06] hyperbole7.Logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma. [07] metaphor8.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. .Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.[08] extended metaphor9.but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. [09] metonymy10.My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.[10] mixed metaphorUnit 6mutation B. changediscredit A. doubtcorollary D. consequencediversity A. varietyhomogeneous B. uniformasset C. benefitinevitable B. unavoidablecosmopolitan D. internationalrehabilitation A. improvementgenerate D. produceundermine B. weakenmolecule A. particlegalaxy C. starethics D. moralityponderous A. heavysculpture B. statuebulldozer C. a powerful tractoretch C. drawbleary A. blurredimperative B. impossible to deter or evade consistent D. in agreementtransmission A. gearboxequivalent B. equaltrait C. a distinguishing feature universalise D. generalizefantastic B. strangetrusses A. a rigid frameworkunique C. singlecommon B. sudden calamitypermanent A. lastingdecade D. a period of ten yearsreminisce B. recollectreliable B. dependablevault A. compartmentinitially C. at firstinnovation B. the act of introducing something newlinger D. remaintrailer A. a furnished vana following of one thing after another; succession. s sequenceaggressively self-assured a assertiveto remove (recorded material) from a magnetic tape or other storage medium e eraseto change in form or character m modifyto treat with ridicule or contempt m mockexisting or resulting in essence or effect though not in actual fact, form, or name v virtuala narrow opening; a groove or slit: s slot make cloth w weavea closed path followed or capable of being followed by an electric current c circuit an artistic composition of materials and objects pasted over a surface, often with unifying lines and color c collageAn agency by which something is accomplished, conveyed, or transferred: mmediumthat which has mass and occupies space; matter s substantialityto revive with or as if with rest, food, or drink; give new vigor or spirit to r refresh insight, intuition, or knowledge gained by perceiving p perceptionthe physical characteristics, especially the surface features, of an area. g geographyevil intent m malice a business deal t transactionexist in large numbers of amounts a abounda device through which a user can communicate with a computer t terminala dispersion of fine sand, smoke, dust in the air that reduces visibility h haze science of the relations between heat and mechanical work t thermodynamics science dealing with heredity g geneticsdesign or conduct an outline that offers the least resistance in moving through air, water etc. s streamlinethe appreciation of beauty a aesthetic artificial product a artifact contemptuous of irrelevant talk about God and sacred things b blasphemythe act or practice of eating one's own kind c cannibalismthe art of winning by using the rules to one's own advantage with out actually cheating g gamesmanshipthe act of placing, or the state of being placed, side by side j juxtapositiona very high degree of skill in performance or appreciation in one of the arts v virtuosityThe universality of science means more and more people accept the basicconcepts of science. 对Now there still exist two schools of genetics---a western genetics and a Soviet genetics. 错Technology which follows naturally after science also shows the tendency toward universalizin对With the spread of technology and science, people become less and less identical. 错A technical innovation like streamlining may not be accepted by car makers at first. 对Today's automobile has unique feature to show it is produced and made by a certain company or country. 错The Fiesta, the car model, seems to have disappeared completely from the market of the world. 对One can easily see the difference on the various car models that are in the same price range within a distance of 500 paces. 错Special traits in American cars displayed the influence of American history, and these traits are disappearing. 对The idea of streamline was first put forward by Ferdinard Porsche. 错Human being, whichever country he is in, is in the same surroundings and culture, so the modern man no longer has distinct individuality. 对Being a cosmopolitan, he can only find disadvantage, for he loses a home in the traditional sense of the word. 错If there is not a great disaster caused by a nuclear war, the universalizing force of。

L 3Pub Talk and the King’s EnglishAbout the Title1) What is King's English?The King’s English---this term is generally regarded by most people as referring to standard /correct English as to grammar and pronunciation. i.e. good English which everyone should try to imitate. When the ruling monarch (['mɔnək]) is a queen, it is called “the Queen’s English”.2) How do you think of the title?The title of this piece is not very aptly chosen. It misleads the readers into thinking that the writer is going to demonstrate some intrinsic (本质的，内在的) or linguistic relationship between pub talk and the kings’English. Whereas the writer, in reality, is just discussing on what makes good conversation. He feels that bar conversation in the pub has a charm of its own.A better title would be “The Art of Good Conversation” or “The Charms of Conversation”.1. Conversation is the most … human activities:More than any other human activities, conversation helps to promote an agreeable, pleasant and informal relationship among people.2. And it is an activity only of humans: And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings. (Animals and birds are not capable of conversation.)3. However i ntricate …name of conversation: No matter how complicated the manner in which animals make known their intentions to each other, they do not go in for any activity which might rightly be called conversation.4. The charm of conversation … or just glow:Conversation does not need a special topic to start a conversation. Anything may start a good conversation. And once started no one knows how or where it will end. That’s why conversation is delightful and charming.(Here a mixed metaphor is used)*meanders or leaps: (like a stream) flow placidly and aimlessly or flow swiftly and joyously onwards*sparkles or just glows: (like fire) to burn steadily without flame or to burn brightly throwing off sparks5. The enemy good conversation… sth to say: Good conversation is generally spoilt by people who think they have a lot of important things to say.6. Conversation is not for making a point: Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our ideas or point of view.7. There is no winning in conversation: In a conversation one doesn’t try to prove oneself right and the others wrong. We may argue but we needn’t try to convince others that they are wrong and we are right.8. In fact, the best conversationalists…to lose:In fact, a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of views.9. They are ready to let it go: They are ready to give up the opportunity to tell one of their best anecdotes because the conversation has moved on to other subjects.10. Per haps it is because … of its own: Perhaps it is because I have spent so much of my time in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a special charm.11. Bar friends are not… other’s lives: People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed in each other’s lives.12.The fact that their marriages… not a concern: It is not a matter of interest or importance if their marriages are breaking up, or their love affairs have been broken or they are just in a bad temper or grouchy (不高兴的) for the day.*on the rock: to be in a condition of ruin [metaphor] comparing a marriage to a ship wretched on the rocks*get up on the wrong side of the bed: (idiomatic expression) be in a bad temper for the day13. They are like musketeers … and feelings:Bar friends, like the three musketeers in Dumas’ novel, do not probe into each other’s lives nor do they try to find out the inmost thoughts and feelings of their drinking companions. *musketeers:[allusion] from Dumas the senior14. the conversation move desultorily… there was a focus: The conversation moved along aimlessly without a focal subject. They talked about the most common things and also made some remarks about the planet Jupiter. Then suddenly a magical transformation took place and there was a focal subject to talk about.15. The glow of the conversation burst into flames: The conversation became spirited (生机勃勃的) and exciting.[metaphor] Conversation is compared to a fire.16. That would settle it:By looking up reference books one could settle the right or wrong of an argument.17. it could still go ignorantly on：The conversation could go on without anyone knowing who was right or wrong.18. It was an Australian who…descendants of convicts:When the speaker explained that the definition was given to her by an Australian, her listeners immediately made some sharp replies, saying it was not surprising to hear Australians talk such nonsense because they were descendents of convicts. (descendents of convicts: implying that the Australians are crude, uneducated people.)19. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia:Though they were in an English pub, they were soon talking about Australia and the Australians. (在五分钟内，大家便像到澳大利亚游览了一趟。

高级英语（二）期末考试复习资料Unit 1 Pub Talk and the King's EnglishParaphrase1.And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings.2.Con versa tion is not for persuad ing ot hers to accep t our idea or point of vi ew.3.In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.4.People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other's lives.5.The conversation could go on wi thout any body knowing who was right or wrong.6.These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields; but when we sit down at the table to eat, we cal 1 their meat beef.7.The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficuIt for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the^ rulers.8.The Engl ish language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more.9.The phrase, the King" s English, has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes. The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people.10.There still exists in the working people, as in the early Saxon peasants， a spirit of opposition to the cultureil authority of the ruling class.11.There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent. For example, the word "dog” is a symbol representing a kind of animal. We mustn" t regard th e word “dog” as being the animal itself.II • Translation1.动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也是称不上交谈的。

UNIT 11.交叉着双臂Fold one’s arms2.折叠好信Fold the letter3.获得知识Acquire knowledge4.产生理想Generate ideas5.创造职业/工作机会generate jobs6.发电generate power7.引发兴趣generate interest8.雇用工人employ workers9.利用时间use/employ time10.养育子女rear/raise one’s children11.养羊rear sheep12.养家糊口rear one’s family13.提高嗓门raise one’s voice14.增加税收raise tax15.提出问题raise the question16.保持联系maintain contact17.维持法律和秩序maintain law and18.维持和平maintain peaceUNIT 21.清洗餐具do/wash the dish2.皱着眉头pinch one’s brows together3.重复某人的话repeat one’s words4.紧闭双唇press one’s lips tight5.挤压水果squeeze fruits6.漂洗衣服rinse clothes7.喷洒凉水spray cool water8.用通情达理的语气说话take a reasonable tone9.深呼吸take a deep breath10.赢得比赛win a game11.在辩论中获胜win the argument12.表示出冷漠demonstrate one’s indifferent13.伤某人的感情hurt sb’s feelings14.擦洗水槽台面wipe the counter15.拖地板mop the floor16.呼唤某人的名字call sb’s nameUNIT 31.为这个行动找理由justify the action2.为走这一步找理由justify the move3.为自己找理由justify oneself4.当真；不开玩笑mean business5.提高质量improve the quality6.改良土壤improve the soil7.提高生活水平improve the living standard8.毁灭这个星球ruin the planet9.毁了健康ruin one’s health10.葬送了机会ruin one’s chances11.毁了前途ruin their future12.毁了庄稼ruin the crops13.勒死/绞死strangle a person14.使噎住choke a person15.吊死/执行死刑hang a person16.培育植物cultivate plants17.重燃希望revive hope18.重振精神revive one’s spirits19.重新激发兴趣revive the interest20.培养品德/锻炼性格build one’s characterUNIT 41.空难和其他灾难air crashes/air collision and other disasters2.人的品性human nature and character3.喷气式飞机机尾the tail section of a jet plane4.巨大的冰块huge chunks of a ice5.救生圈 a floatation ring6.寄上安全带fasten the seat belt7.文化冲突cultural conflict/crash8.911航班Flight 9119.机械故障mechanical failure10.人类悲剧human tragedy11.刺耳的话harsh remarks12.区别善恶make a distinction between good and evil13.总统纪念碑presidential monuments14.典型的情况typical/classic circumstance15.普遍性的特点universal impact16.公众心中的英雄 a public hero17.感情上的震撼emotional impact18.交通高峰时期 a moment of high traffic19.不朽的奇迹enduring wonder20.国会预算局Congressional Budget Office21.大量人员伤亡mass casualtiesUNIT 51.方便食品fast food2.畅销书best seller3.自制面包home-made bread4.音乐选段musical excepts5.(邮件)特快专递express mail6.生活方式life style7.私人关系personal relational8.群众运动 a mass movement9.细微的变化subtle changes10.田园风光pastoral scenery11.后视镜a rear-view mirror12.出口标志an exit sign13.内战战场 a Civil War battlefield14.马车horse carriages15.古董车antique cars16.工厂门市部factory outlets17.优质时间/宝贵时光quality time18.日后的满足(先苦后甜) deferred gratification19.信用卡 a credit card20.成衣ready-made clothes21.便利店an Automatic Teller Machine22.时事 a convenience store23.新闻简要current affairs24.《第五交响曲》the Fifth Sympathy25.古典/经典小说classic novelsUNIT 61.探索大自然的秘密to explore the secrets of nature2.赢得每个人的赞扬to earn everybody’s praise3.忍受痛苦和折磨to bear pain and sufferings4.引进这种羊to introduce this breed of sheep5.要求公开道歉to demand an open apology6.包围敌人to surround the enemy7.放弃希望to abandon/give up hope8.积累经验to accumulate experience9.形成强有力的班子to form a powerful team10.设计这座城堡to design this castle1.非常值得的/收获很大的经历 a rewarding experience2.似乎不同的seemingly different3.行动笨拙的人 a clumsy person4.带刺铁丝的篱笆 a barbed-wire fence5.人间天堂 a paradise on the earth6.密度很大的人口dense population7.稀有物种 a rare species8.高倍双筒望远镜powerful binoculars9.退休工人retired workers10.潜在的灾难 a potential disasterUNIT 81.输入/投入和输出/产出input and output2.一个社会的弃儿 a social outcast3.战争的爆发the outbreak of the war4.一场倾盆大雨 a heavy downpour5.一次严重的经济衰退 a serious economic downturn6.他力图对他的错误轻描淡写。

迎战卡蜜儿号飓风1，为了找到应付这场灾难的最佳对策。

Trying to reason out the best course of action.2,约翰的全部产业都在自己家里（他开办的马格纳制造公司是设计、研制各种教育玩具和教育用品的。

公司的一切往来函件、产品设计图纸和工艺模具全都放在一楼）。

37岁的他对飓风的威力深有体会。

John ,37---whose business was right there in his home(he designed and developed educational toys and supplies, and all of Magna Products’ correspondence, engineering drawings and art work were there on the first floor)---was familiar with the power of a hurricane.3, 我们现在住的这幢房子（比海平面）高了23英尺，”他对父亲说，“而且距离海边足有250码远。

这幢房子是1915年建造的，至今还从未受到过飓风的袭击。

我们呆在这儿恐怕是再安全不过了。

”We’re elevated 23 feet, he told his father, and we’re a good 250 yards from the sea. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. We’ll probably be as safe here as anyplace else.4,我们是可以严阵以待，共度难关的。

We can batten down and ride it out.5,还不到七点钟，天就黑了。

狂风暴雨拍打着屋子。

It grew dark before seven o’clock. Wind and rain now whipped the house. 6,风开始怒吼咆哮起来，屋子开始漏雨了---雨水好像能穿透墙壁，往屋里直灌。

《全新版大学英语阅读教程》(通用本课后练习答案)第二册UNIT ONEThe Pleasure of LearningKey to the ExercisesI. 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6.DII. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T. 5. F. 6. TIII. 1.对于太多的人来说,学习似乎是自己的意愿屈服于外界的指引,是一种奴役.2.然而,只要幸运,有决心,指导得法,人的精神不仅经得起贫穷而且经得起富裕的考验.3.对一个人来说,形成完整和协调的人格与保持自身的卫生,健康以及经济上的自立是同样必要的,那些从来没有认识到这一点的人已经吃尽苦头.IV.1. First of all , the writer points out that there is a mistake about learning. Some young people dislike learning simply because they are educated in the wrong way. Learning is a natural pleasure that should be enjoyed. Then he develops this idea by examples to illustrate the different aspects: learning from books, by travel and trough practice. Learning can expand one’s knowledge over a period of time.2. The chief danger of learning is laziness, sloth, routine, stupidity. It sneaks into people’s mind like wind through the shutters, causing people to slowly give up learning. We should realize that learning is a life-long endeavor, and only by continuous learning can one gain a meaningful and rewarding life.Key to the reading—skill Exercises1. Students have improved SAT scores.2. Teenagers planned patrols3. TV programs are less thorough than newspapers.4. Welcome to Our City is about the South and its people5. Some films show little children fascinated at the world.6. One can communicate with the writer as one reads a book.2.Coping with Santa ClausKey to the ExercisesI . 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. BII. . 1. 朱莉让我们如此为难,我的确感到生气.难道圣诞老人不存在的事实不是从同学那里得知的吗2.我给她讲述了事情的经过,尽量使它听起来滑稽有趣,希望她不要注意到我和杰里在处理我开始认为的"圣诞老人问题"上是如此拙劣.3.我可以看出,他正努力在想一种办法,用来解释我们的行为,使其听起来不太像事实那样具有欺骗性,那样错误和愚蠢.4.事情就这样结束了.对圣诞老人不存在的事实悲伤了片刻只后,生活又恢复了正常.III.1. Santa Claus is an imaginary old man with a long white beard and a red coat. Traditionally,young children in many countries are told that he brings them Christmas presents. Some legend goes like this: Santa lives in northern Europe. There are various versions of the story, and some wonderful movies, too.2. (Answers may vary, depending on your understanding.)3. On the shoulders of a heroKey to the ExercisesI . 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. DII. 1.他一去世,我自以为会长生不老的幻觉立刻就破灭了.2.以后的岁月中,每当我默默期盼父亲的信任支持时,总会不出预料遇到一副怀疑的表情.3.现在回想起来,他是故意不让我们知道,免得扫了大家的兴.4.铃起沉重的盒子,我猛然醒悟到,不管父亲说的话听上去多么消极泄气,也抹杀不了他在我离开后用一张张剪报填满盒子的实际行动.III (omitted)UNIT TWO4. Not poor , just brokeKey to the ExercisesI . 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. CII.1. collect herself ---If you collect yourself or your thought , you make an effort to calm yourself or prepare yourself mentally . 镇定下来collect--- get control of one’s feelings and thoughts, especially after shock, surprise or laughter.2. Flash that big smile ---If you flash a look or a smile at someone, you suddenly look at them or smile at them . (脸上)露出笑容flash---show something for a short time3. Make deals with the rats 与老鼠做交易(即故意留东西给老鼠吃) make deal with: reach an agreement for mutual benefit4. Stand for welfare cheaters 容忍骗取福利的人stand for – endure or tolerate5. Rest her mind 感到宽慰rest: relax6. Poke around the house – if you poke around for something, you search for it, usually by moving lots of objects around. 四处搜索poke: search for something.III. 1. 贫穷是人们无法摆脱的一种心境,而没钱只是一种暂时的状况.2.她教导我们说,人们有两种摆脱生活困境的办法―笑或者哭. 笑带来更多的希望.3.我们会站在后门廊里分发食物给邻居,仿佛我们在负责救济穷苦人,然后我们也会收下他们带来作为交换的食物.4.当时的情景仍历历在目,那个社会福利工作者在屋子里四处搜索,冰冷的亚麻油毡地毯上的煤灰使她不由得皱起鼻子,而看到小虫在洗涤槽的脏盘子里爬来爬去的时候她就禁不住摇了摇头.IV. (Omitted)Key to the Reading-Skill Exercises1. The view of New York from the bridge was beautiful.2. When I was an adolescent, I never had the best jobs; neither did I have the worst jobs.3. Marijuana use is associated with abnormal behavior.5. Blacks return to Africa but us is homeI. 1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. BII.1. They are mostly educated, skilled and middle-class, such as doctors teachers, diplomats, businessmen, journalists, technical experts, etc.2. Africans think the black Americans are Americans first, blacks second.3. he told them to be well prepared to face problems in Africa. They must be determined to help the black people in Africa.4. he says that the decaying cities like Kinshasa and Dares Salaam seem to be future cities of Africa，while the developed cities like Johannesburg and Salisbury are becoming the past. He believes that the newly independent African countries will be the future of Africa.5. she recalled her experiences growing up in a black, middle-class community in WashingtonD.C., how she was discriminated , and how she excelled over white students at school.6. it means that the black Americans who did go to Africa understood that they should have a correct attitude in helping their black brothers in Africa.III (Omitted)6. Raymond Carver, MentorI. 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. BII1. 或许自多纳·巴特米在20世纪60年代开始发表作品以来，还没有哪位作家在文学界引起过这么多议论。

Lesson Four Inaugural Address1. John F. Kennedy: (1917-1963) 35th president of the United States.*Inauguration: January 20th of every Four years after the Presidential election 2. We observe today not a victory of … as well as change: It is not simply a victory of the Democratic Party over the Republican Party. It celebrates the freedom of people to elect freely their own head of the states. It symbolizes the end of one presidential term and the beginning of a new term.(The opening sentence is a well-thought-out balanced sentence. Pay attention to the repetition of the phrase “as well as”.)[antithesis] end -- the end of Eisenhower's presidential term; beginning -- the beginning of Kennedy’s presidential term; renewal ---- the continuation of presidency and office of president; change -- the change from Eisenhower to Kennedy3. For I have sworn…and three quarters ago:For I have just sworn to become the new president*solemn oath: the presidential oath, is prescribed in article II, section I of the Constitution of the United States. ( I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will do the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.)Para1: (opening paragraph) importance / significance of his election as president of the US4. For man holds in his...human life: Man has made great progress in science and technology so he has the power to abolish poverty, but he also has the power to destroy human life.5. And yet the same revolutionary…hand of God: Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable ([ʌn'eiliənəbəl] 不可剥夺的) rights which no state or ruler could take away from then. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world.6. We dare not forget… first revolution: We dare not forget that we are the descendents of those who fought the first revolutionary war--- the War of Independence. (Hence we must always bear in mind the beliefs our ancestor fought and died for.)7. Let the word go forth… and foe alike: Here and now, I would like to tell my friends and my enemies….8. torch: a figurative use, meaning inspirations and ideals9. tempered by war: The Americans of the 20th fought two world wars, so they are well tempered.10. hard and bitter peace: peace but cold war, hence “hard and bitter”11. to witness or permit the slow undoing:to see or allow the gradual abolishing of12. This much we pledge---- and more: We promise to do this much and we promise to do more. ( a one sentence paragraph that functions as a transition from the general to the specific. In the following paras he will be addressing different specific groups of nations)13. United, there is little…co-operative ventures:If we are united andworking together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number o joint undertaking.14.powerful challenge: perhaps Kennedy here is referring to what he thinks to be a strong threat posed by the socialist camp.15. at odds and split asunder: if we are in disagreement and disunited * split asunder: disunited, split apart16. To those new states … iron tyranny: Kennedy promise to help the newly independent countries so that they can remain free and independent.* ranks (队列) of the free: the community of free and independent nations *a far more iron tyranny: a Communist dictatorship (专政)17. those who foolishly … ended up inside: Those countries which foolishly seek the help of socialist countries will end up by losing their independence as many other countries did in the past. [metaphor] comparing “seeking the aid of socialist countries” to “riding the back of a tiger”18. those peoples in… mass misery: referring to the poor and backward people in Africa and Asia struggling to free themselves from poverty and suffering*half the globe: referring to the continents of Africa and Asia because they constitute almost one half of the land surface of the earth19. help them help themselves: help them only if they also do their bit (In other words they must cooperate with us, do what we ask them to do.)20. If a free society … who are rich: If the poor are continuously exploited and oppressed, they will rise up some day and overthrow the ruler. (In a sense Kennedy is right.)21. in a new alliance for progress: to work together once again as allies ([ə'lai] （二战时的）同盟国) to promote progress22. But this peaceful …of hostile powers:We will not allow any enemy country to subvert (颠覆) this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.23. And let every … its own house: And let every country know the nations of this hemisphere will not tolerate any interference in their affairs by countries outside this hemisphere. [metaphor] comparing the Americans to a house 24. to prevent it from …for invective: to prevent the United Nations form becoming an assembly where people just criticize and abuse each other25. the new and the weak: the newly independent and the weak nations26. We dare not tempt them with weakness: We dare not be weak because it might tempt the enemy to take rash actions. So we must arm ourselves.27. two great and powerful groups of nations: One group headed by Soviet Union and the other group headed by the U.S.28. both sides overburdened … the deadly atom: Both sides are feeling the great financial burden of the arms race and both sides are alarmed by the growing of atomic weapons.*deadly atom: the terrible atomic weapons or bombs29. yet both racing to alter…mankind’s final war: yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankind’s final war.*balance of terror: a balance of military power---the power to destroy each other and mankind*stays the hand: [synecdoche提喻/metonymy] (a part for the whole) restrains people or nations*mankind’s final war:A third world war would be mankind’s last war because it will destroy mankind.30. sincerity is always subject to proof:one’s sincerity must be proved by facts.*be subject to: 常遭受…；从属于be subjected to:受到…；经受…31. Let both sides explore … divide us: Let us try to find out where we agree and where we can cooperate instead of wasting our time quarreling over things we disagree on.32. Let both sides seek to invoke … its terrors: Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do. / Let both sides try to use science to produce good and beneficial things for man instead of employing it to bring frightful destruction.33. tap the ocean depths: to make use of the wealth that lies deep in the oceans34. if a beachhead of… the jungle of suspicion: if a little bit of cooperation can lessen the deep suspicion that exists on both sides[metaphor] a small beginning of cooperation compared to a beachhead and deep suspicion to a jungle.35. a new endeavor: a new earnest effort36. the strong are just: the strong nations do not bully the weak.37. each generation of Americans…national loyalty:Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country.38. the graves of young Americans…the globe: There are graves of young Americans on all parts of the world. They fought and died for country when they were called upon to do so.39. Now the trumpet summons us again: Now our country is calling on us once more (to fight and die for it).40. twilight struggle: an unclear struggle but which might become dangerous with the passage of time 艰苦的斗争* twilight: faint half-light before sunrise or after sunset (日出前或日落后的) 微明，薄暮；(adj) 昏暗的，微明的；暮年的41. rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation:to be happy when things look bright and hopeful, to be patient in distress (This phrase is quoted from the Bible. That’s why they are in quotation marks.)42. Can we forge … East and West: Can we (together with the nations of the world) form an alliance in every part of the world to fight against tyranny, poverty, disease and war?43. a more fruitful life: a more productive and prosperous life44. The energy, the faith…who serve it:The energy, the faith and the devotion that the Americans bring to this task will inspire not only the United States and her people but also the whole world. (我们从事这一事业的那种精力、信念和献身精神将照耀我们的国际和一切为此出力的人们。

高英第二册复习资料（修辞、句子解释、句子翻译、课文翻译）（2.3.6.9课）I rhetoric devicesLesson2 Marrakech1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. -----simile2. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration押头韵3. ... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. ----simile4. And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper. ----- simile5. The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.--—elliptical sentence6. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—-hyperbole7. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette. -----transferred epithet8. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)9. As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—---onomatopoetic wordssymbolism10. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. —--elliptical sentence11. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. —-synecdoche提喻Lesson3 inaugural address1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)4. All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进5. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环6 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism7. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration8. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----–parallelism; alliteration9. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句10. To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe… ------11. …struggling to break the bonds of mass misery…----12. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. -----antithesis13. … to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition14. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…-----metaphor15. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. -----antithesis16.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. -----metaphor17. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor18. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak… ----metaphorWith a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds… -----parallelismLesson6 loving and hating New York1 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.—paregmenon2The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves,tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche,metaphorLesson9 The loonsSimileGrandmother MacLeod, her delicately featured face as rigid as a cameo麦克里奥祖母那清秀的脸上此时显得像玉石雕像般的冷峻(Page194 Para12)At night the lake was like black glass with a streak of amber which was the path of the moon.夜间的湖面看起来像一块黑色玻璃，只有一线水面因映照着月光才呈现出琥珀色(Page198 Para39)The jukebox was booming like tuneful thunder电唱机播放出雷声般的音乐(Page199 Para48) MetaphorThrough the filigree of the spruce trees 透过一层云杉树叶织成的丝帘(page195 Para17)It seemed to me …daughter of the forest,a kind of junior prophetess of the wilds 在我看来，皮格特一定可以算是森林的女儿，是蛮荒世界的小预言家。