模块五专题4的拓展性阅读

专项提升：阅读理解专练AThere are a number of special days of the year that are celebrated in different countries. The origins of most of the days are unknown. They were certainly not created by individual people. Other days, however, especially those celebrated in western countries often owe their origins to a particular person. One of the most popular of these, even though it is fairly recent, is Mother's Day. Mothers have always been highly regarded in all cultures. The ancient Romans had a festival known as Hilaria, during which children took presents to the temple of the“Mother of Gods”. The Christian Church adopted this idea and called it Mothering Sunday. However, over the years this custom was gradually forgotten, and almost disappeared by the end of the 19th century.Born in 1864 in Virginia, USA, Anna Jarvis was a school teacher and believed children should show gratitude to their mothers for all their love and care. Encouraged by a friend, she wrote to thousands of important people—politicians, churchmen, doctors, city officials and asked them to support her idea: a special day of the year for thanking mothers.In 1910 the Governor of West Virginia introduced Mother's Day into the state. The date chosen was May 10—the second Sunday in May, which is still observed in America today. This date was chosen because May 10 was the date on which in 1908 Anna Jarvis's mother died. In 1914 President Woodrow Wilson made May 10 the official date for Mother's Day throughout the United States.Soon there was a Mother's Day International Association and the custom began to be adopted in many countries of the world.Anna Jarvis, a sad and disillusioned woman died in 1948. The custom she had worked so ha rd to establish and which had become almost universal had lost its original purpose. It had been taken over by business. As with Christmas, the giving of presents and the sending of cards had become a multi-million dollar industry.1．The story is about________.A．Mothering Sunday for ChristmasB．The origin of a special day for mothersC．President Wilson and Anna JarvisD．how people celebrate Mother's Day2．Hilaria was a festival in________.A．ancient Rome B．AmericaC．China D．the Christian Church3．Anna Jarvis wanted to________.A．thank her mother for her careB．introduce a celebratio n for mothersC．meet thousands of important peopleD．make her pupils celebrate her on Mother's Day4．May 10 became the date for Mother's Day because______.A．May is in the American springB．it was the second Sunday in May in 1910C．President Wilson liked the dateD．this was the date on which Anna Jarvis's mother died5．Unfortunately, Anna Jarvis was not happy with Mother's Day when she died because________.A．her mother was not there to see itB．she had never been a mother herselfC．people were too interested in making it a businessD．no one gave any presents or cards to their mothersBPumpkin carving is a popular part of modern America's Halloween celebration. In October, pumpkins can be seen everywhere in the country from outdoor steps to dinner tables.People have been making Jack O'Lanterns at Halloween for centuries. The tradition originated from an Irish myth about a man nicknamed “Stingy Jack”．According to the story, Stingy Jack invited the Devil to have a drink with him. True to his name, Stingy Jack didn't want to pay for his drink, so he convinced(使信服) theDevil to turn himself into a coin that Jack could use to buy their drinks. Once the Devil did this, Jack decided to keep the money and put it into his pocket next to a silver cross, which prevented the Devil from changing back into his original form.Jack eventually freed the Devil, under the condition that he would not bother Jack for one year and that if Jack died, he wouldn't claim his soul.The next year, Jack again tricked the Devil into climbing into a tree to pick a piece of fruit. While he was up in the tree, Jack carved a sign of the cross into the tree's bark(树皮), so that the Devil couldn't come down until he promised Jack not to bot her him for ten more years.Soon after this, Jack died. As the legend goes, God would not allow such an unsavory(令人讨厌的) figure into heaven. The Devil, upset by the tricks Jack had played on him, and keeping his words not to claim Jack's soul, wouldn't allow Jack in to hell. He sent Jack off into the dark night with only a piece of burning coal to light his way. Jack put the piece of coal into a carved-out turnip(芜菁) and has been roaming(徘徊) the earth with the “lantern” ev er since. The Irish began to refer to this ghostly figure as “Jack of the Lantern”，and then, simply “Jack O'Lantern”．6．In October, pumpkins can be seen everywhere in the country from outdoor steps to dinner tables because ________.A．people like to eat pumpkinsB．American grow a lot of pumpkinsC．pumpkins are beautiful decorationsD．pumpkins are popular th ings used to celebrate Halloween7．We learn from the passage that Jack was a(n) ______ man.A．clever B．lonelyC．greedy D．honest8．How did Jack play the first trick on the Devil?A．He invited the Devil to have a drink with him.B．He convinced the Devil to turn himself into a coin.C．He didn't want to pay for his drink.D．He freed the Devil at last.9．After Jack die d, ________.A．God didn't allow him into heaven because he was afraid of being tricked B．the Devil didn't allow him into hell because he didn't want to be tricked any more C．he was not admitted either to heaven or hellD．he preferred to roam the earth with a burning coal in a carved-out turnip lantern参考答案1. 答案：B主旨大意题。

Expanding Your WorldⅠ. 单句语法填空1.It was Chaucer who really turned English into a literary （literature）language.2.The announcement had a dramatic （drama）effect on house prices.3.They are each recognized specialists in their respective （respectively）fields.4.He claims he has evidence which could prove his innocence （innocent）.5.People all over the world have been fighting against racial （race）discrimination.6.As a matter of fact, the problem is not as complicated （complicate）as you imagine.7.The survey found a wide variation （vary）in the prices charged for canteen food.Ⅱ. 同义替换be made up of; have an influence on; come across; quite a few; in spite of1.Our regional measures have had an impact on unemployment. had an influence on2. Despite all our efforts to save the school, the authorities decided to close it. In spite of3.The team was composed of leading scientists from around the world. was made up of4.Guess who I ran into in town today! came across5.A number of towns are now banning cars from their shopping centers. Quitea fewⅢ. 完成句子1.比尔很喜欢足球，然而他弟弟却对此一无所知。

模块综合测试卷(二)(用时150分钟，满分150分)一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

人们的生活处于不停的变动之中，文化也随之而不断变化和发展。

不同文化的交流与碰撞带来文化的融合与冲突，历史学家汤因比发现这是人类文明兴衰的一个重要机制。

这一过程的结果是，文化自信随着社会生活的变迁而变化。

在生产力发展的驱动下，现代资本主义生产方式深刻改变了西方世界的经济社会结构，进而引发了文化的剧烈变革。

资本主义国家由于不断扩大市场的内在需求而推动了全球化进程，带来不同文化之间的激烈碰撞。

马克思、恩格斯观察到：“资产阶级，由于一切生产工具的迅速改进，由于交通的极其便利，把一切民族甚至最野蛮的民族都卷到文明中来了。

它的商品的低廉价格，是它用来摧毁一切万里长城、征服野蛮人最顽强的仇外心理的重炮。

它迫使一切民族在自己那里推行所谓的文明，即变成资产者。

”这种社会生产方式的变革推动了世界各国的文化震荡，引发了普遍的文化危机，人们在新的世界格局下重建自己的文化自信成为普遍问题。

文化认同危机冲击、瓦解了传统的文化自信，引发了人们对既有文化的反省性认识，在文化批判中形成了文化自信的发展机制。

一方面，作为社会意识的文化弥散于人们的日常生活和社会心理中，具有天然的传承性和保守性，由此也形成了走向僵化的可能性。

另一方面，文化也具有一种自我发展的潜能，作为一种能动的因素，它通过新思想的引入而吹响变革的号角，从而成为克服僵化机制进而维系社会系统活力的积极力量。

文化批判意味着以批判性的立场认识和对待自己，不是盲目地肯定或否定，而是在理性地反思与省察之上客观地予以认识和对待，它的对立面不是对象本身而是拒绝理性的思想方法，克服这种思想方法正是启蒙理性的要求。

康德将启蒙理解为脱离人加之于自己的“不成熟状态”。

所以，批判精神乃是实现精神成长的真实表现。

对于一个民族而言，这意味着文化的成熟，表现出该文化的理性自觉和现代意蕴。

Unit4 Reading 题型拓展拔高训练一、完形填空I was a paperboy --- well actually, the first papergirl in Seattle. When I was 12，I talked my way into a job delivering The Seattle Times. I remember the boss looking this 1 girl over and telling me I had a week to 2 I could do it.So after school, I would 3 over lo the hut down the street, pick up my bundles （捆）, lift them onto the back of my 4 and ride my route. Sunday morning papers were too 5 for me to carry. I tried, and it took me three hours to 6 them as 1 had lo keep coming back to reload. So, my mother volunteered to get up at 5:30 am and drive me around. She 7 herself to my employment.What I learned as a 8 was to find out where each of my customers wanted their papers. I didn’t just throw them on their 9. If they wanted them on their porch, or mailbox or inside the gate, that was 10 they got them. When a customer went out of town，he would tell me and I would make sure that the papers didn’t 11 up to attract thieves. In return, I got big 12.Somewhere the paperboys are 13 by modern services. We put our orders into online forms that then tell a service that 14 a guy in a truck to throw the paper onto the lawn.The people that run and own newspapers have the 15 to deliver news to us in a large number of forms, and we should be able to get it any way we want. We should be able to 16 for the form we want it 17, including how it is distributed. I would 18 pay to have a papergirl or boy deliver the 19 on the right day in the right way, and I would tip for that privilege.Let’s bring back the paperboy and with it 20 employment for our children.1. A. strong B. delighted C. stubborn D. thin2. A. prove B. confirm C. inform D. admit3. A. which B. head C. take D. turn4. A. car B. cart C. bike D. truck5. A. heavy B. dirty C. thorough D. rough6. A. read B. copy C. pack D. deliver7. A. enjoyed B. devoted C. forced D. engaged8. A. student B. daughter C. papergirl D. reader9. A. lawn C. floor B. house D. roof10. A. why B. how C. when D. where11. A. take B. pile C. give D. break12. A. smiles B. candies C. tips D. praise13. A. replaced B. controlled C. guided D. defeated14. A. invites B. begs C. threatens D. sends15. A. right B. opportunity C. duty D. demand16. A. look B. desire C. pay D. hope17. A. at B. with C. on D. in18. A. gladly B. deliberately C. particularly D. totally19. A. bread B. paper C. milk D. speech20. A. fortunate B. positive C. useless D. meaningful二、阅读理解。

The British Museum is the biggest museumin the world. Inside, you feel smaller than usual. There are many thingsto see.The story of the British Museum goes back three hundred years to one unusual man, Sir Hans Sloane, a doctor to King GeorgeⅡ. The doctor collected books, drawings, clothes, money, animals, flowers, things from all over the world. The doctor wanted everything to stay together when he died, so that people could come and have a look. The British Museum began. King GeorgeⅡgave his library, and the museum started to grow.The British Museum opened in 1759, six years after Sir Hans Sloane died. At first the museum was only open three days a week and only ten peop le could enter in an hour. There wasn’t much time to see thi ngs. Visitors had to run through the rooms.By about 1800, things began to get better. Wonderful statues, three thousand years old, arrived from Egypt. King George Ⅳsold all his books to the museum secretly. A hundred years ago not only oldbooks but also new ones arrived at the museum, and m ore p eo ple came to read them. Since then man y famous men have written and studied there. And the library is growing faster and faster. There are four kilometres of new shelves every year an d there are about two million visitors every year.。

拓展作业[学生用书P143(单独成册)]一、基础考查阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

在北欧，尤其是奥斯陆的大街上，你会感到城市有一种非常舒服的整体性。

它没有历史与现代的断裂与分离，而是和谐地________。

他们已经成功地将自己即北欧传统审美的简朴转化为现代审美的简约。

而在中国，自汉唐以来，中原汉文化的审美似乎一贯而下。

特别是明代的审美________、敦厚沉静，从中可以清晰地看到汉之博大与唐之沉雄。

然而到了清代，()。

特别是乾隆盛世，审美的繁缛与炫富感走到极致，完全脱离了传统审美的厚重与含蓄。

可是到清代中期之后，国力的衰败便使这种奢华的追求________而日渐粗鄙，审美能力和审美标准遭到破坏。

此后则是外来文化的冲击，以及在“不爱红装爱武装”时代，国民的美育和审美品格已不被提倡。

当整个社会由传统的农耕社会转向现代的工业社会时，我们已经无所依据和无所凭借。

社会审美像没头苍蝇乱撞。

或是呆头呆脑地仿古，或是跟着洋人________地做“现代秀”。

如果现代文化建立不起来，留下的空白一定会被商业文化所侵占，就像当前充斥于我们社会的粗鄙又浮躁的“暴发户审美”。

1．依次填入文中横线上的成语，全都恰当的一项是()A．浑然天成雍容大气相形见绌亦步亦趋B．浑然天成雍容华贵无法企及邯郸学步C．浑然一体雍容华贵相形见绌邯郸学步D．浑然一体雍容大气无法企及亦步亦趋解析：选D。

浑然天成：形容诗文结构严密自然，用词运典毫无斧凿痕迹，亦形容人的才德完美自然。

浑然一体：融和成一个整体，形容完整不可分割。

因前文有“整体性”一词，应选“浑然一体”。

雍容大气：文雅大方，从容不迫，有大气魄。

雍容华贵：形容人仪态高雅从容，庄重大方，也形容服饰华丽锦绣。

文中修饰对象为“明代审美”，应选“雍容大气”。

无法企及：尽最大的努力也无法达到的意思。

相形见绌：跟另一人或事物比较之后，显出了不足。

句中强调“不能达到”之意，应选“无法企及”。

亦步亦趋：比喻自己没有主张，或为了讨好，每件事都效仿或依从别人，跟着人家行事。