2021届高考英语语法填空解题技巧(二)
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2021高考英语语法填空解题技巧（二）
一：题型综述
1.考查目的：主要考查在运用英语过程中的词法和句法基本知识，兼顾行文逻辑、习惯用法、固定搭配以及常用句型等。
2.选材趋势：一般选取200词左右的记叙文或说明文，内容广泛。
3.素养考查：旨在考查考生的思维品质、文化意识和学习能力。
4.考点设置：基本上每个空考查一个语法项目，但动词、名词等用法较多，可能从不同角度进行考查。
5.设题要求：一般6－7个空有提示词，以实词为主，所填词的适当形式一般
二：思路指导——两大类型题：
1：提示类填空
动词
A：作谓语；考虑时态；语态；主谓一致；虚拟语气等情况
B：不做谓语；考虑非谓语动词；词性转换等情况
名词
A：要考虑单复数；有时为不规则变化
B：考虑词性转换；通常转换为形容词
形容词
A：考虑形容词的比较级；注意上下文中隐含比较
B：考虑词性转换，一般为名词；副词或者反义词
副词
A：考虑副词的比较级；注意上下文中隐含比较
B：考虑词性转换
2：自由类填空
介词——考虑固定搭配
冠词——名词前；形容词前缺少限定词时考虑
情态动词或助动词——缺少句子成分时考虑
连接词或关系词——从句子结构或者逻辑关系上考虑
三：真题解析
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as
Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence __1.that__ they range all the
way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global
population of polar bears as much of the range has been __2.poorly__(poor)studied；however，biologists calculate that there are about 20,000－25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods __3.of/for__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only
since the mid－1980s，and are expensive __4.to_perform__(perform) consistently over a
large
area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut __5.have_reported__(report) increases in bear
sightings around human settlements，leading to a __6.belief__(believe) that populations are
increasing.Scientists have responded by __7.noting__(note) that hungry bears may be
congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are
__8.higher__(high) than they actually are. Of __9.the__ nineteen recognized polar bear
subpopulations，three are declining，six __10.are__(be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack
enough data.
文章大意：主题：人与自然(自然生态)；话题：北极熊现状。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。
1．解析：考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。
2．解析：考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。
3．解析：考查介词。a method of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。
4．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
5．解析：考查时态。根据句中的时间状语in recent years可判断用现在完成时。
6．解析：考查词性转换(动词变名词)。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief(看法，信念)。
7．解析：考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.通过做某事回应。
8．解析：考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。
9．解析：考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词the。
10．解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代six polar
bear subpopulations，谓语动词应用复数。
三：课后练习
（A）
On our way to the house,it was raining 1 hard that we couldn’t help wondering how
long it would take 2 (get)there.It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3 dogs,seven to be exact.They were
well trained by their masters 4 had great experience with caring for these animals.Our hosts
shared many of their experiences and 5 (recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and
visit.For breakfast,we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the
backyard.
When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let us know of an
interesting 6 (compete)to watch,together with the story behind it.They also shared with us
many 7 (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were 8 (huge)popular with tourists.On the
last day of our week-long stay,we 9 (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on
the North Shore under the stars, 10 (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
参考答案：1.so 2.to get3.of 4.who 5.recommended
petition 7.traditional 8.hugely 9.were invited 10.listening
（A）
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just
under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as
they travelled to and 2 work.It took three years to complete and was built using an
interesting method.This included digging up the road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a
strong roof over 4 top.When all those had been done,the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)unpleasant
for the passengers,with all the smoke and noise.However,the railway quickly proved to be a great
success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day.
Later,engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道),which became known as the Tube.This development was only possible with the 9
(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of the most
10 (success) of these new lines,and was opened in 1900.It had white-painted tunnels and bright
red carriages,and proved extremely popular with the public.
参考答案：1.crowds 2.from ying 4.the 5.were used
6.fairly 7.it 8.managed 9.introduction 10.successful
