特种设备无损检测UT专业III级人员考试试卷(2012年闭卷)
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考号:姓名:密封线2012年度特种设备无损检测UT专业Ⅱ级人员考试理论试卷成绩:2012年4月26日8:30—11:00 长沙湖南省特种设备无损检测人员资格考核委员会一.是非题(在括号内,正确的划○,错误的划×。
每题 1.2分,共30分)1、对超声波而言,因C=f ,所以超声波的频率越高,传播速度越快。
(X)2、超声波垂直入射到平界面时,声强反射率与声强透射率之和等于1 。
(O)3、对同一个直探头来说,在钢中的近场长度比在水中的近场长度小。
(O)4、材料的声阻抗越大,超声波传播时衰减越大。
( X )5、超声波的波长越长,声束扩散角就越大,发现小缺陷的能力也就越强。
( X )6、声波源辐射的超声波,总是在声束中心轴线上的声压为最高。
( O )7、轴类工件外圆径向探伤时,曲底面回波声压与同声程理想大平面声压相同。
( O )8、一般不采用从堆焊层一侧探测的方法检测堆焊层缺陷。
( X )9、压电晶片的压电应变常数(d33)大,则说明该晶片接收性能好。
( X )10、利用CSK-IA试块上φ50mm孔与两侧面的距离,能精确测定直探头盲区的数值。
( X )11、用双晶直探头对平面工件探伤时,最好的操作方法是使隔声层垂直于探头扫查方向,( O )12、同一探头在钢中的近场N要比在水中的近场长。
( X )13、焊缝斜角探伤采用液态耦合剂,说明横波可通过液态介质薄层。
( X )14、锻件探伤中,如缺陷引起底波明显下降或消失时,说明锻件中不存在较严重的缺陷。
( X )15、焊缝探伤所用斜探头,当楔块底面前部磨损较大时,其K值将变大。
( X )16、在锻件的超声波检测中,选择探测面的一个很重要的原则是:应从互相垂直的两个方向上作百分之百的扫查。
( O )17、利用工件底波调节探伤灵敏度,当底面粗糙或有附着物时,将使底面反射率降低,底波下降,这样调整的探伤灵敏度将会偏低。
( X )18、小径管通常采用V型坡口,未熔合多出现在坡口面上,一般一次波探伤检出,位置位于探头另一侧。
UT-Ⅲ级方法考试试卷UT method questions for level Ⅲ拟题级别审批阅卷Prepared by Level UT Approved by Corrected by__________姓名成绩Name Mark______________(full point is 1.5% per question)1. A couplant is needed for a test on a hot steel plate (250°F). Which of the following materials can be used?下列那种材料可用作热钢板(120℃)检验的耦合剂?()A.Water水B.Mercury水银C.tractor oil机油D.none of the above以上都不行。
2. A couplant is needed for a test on stainless steel welds. Numerous Couplant are available. Which should be chosen?检验不锈钢焊缝,在下列提供的几种耦合剂中,应选择哪一种?()A. a couplant free of chlorine无氯的耦合剂B.glycerine甘油C.oil油D.water水。
更多资料:无损检测招聘网 中国无损检测论坛 中国焊接论坛 3. A 5MHz, 0.5in. diameter, flat search unit in water has a near field length of approximately.5 MHz, 直径0 .5 吋的直探头,在水中的近场长度大约多长?()A.7 in.(英寸)B. 2 in.(英寸)C.3-1/3in.(英寸)D.5-1/2in.(英寸)4. A concave lens on a transducer will result in the near field in water being换能器前的凹透镜会使声场在水中的近场长度变成()。
考号:姓名:密封线2012年度特种设备无损检测UT专业Ⅱ级人员考试理论试卷成绩:2012年4月26日8:30—11:00 长沙湖南省特种设备无损检测人员资格考核委员会一.是非题(在括号内,正确的划○,错误的划×。
每题 1.2分,共30分)1、对超声波而言,因C=f ,所以超声波的频率越高,传播速度越快。
(X)2、超声波垂直入射到平界面时,声强反射率与声强透射率之和等于1 。
(O)3、对同一个直探头来说,在钢中的近场长度比在水中的近场长度小。
(O)4、材料的声阻抗越大,超声波传播时衰减越大。
( X )5、超声波的波长越长,声束扩散角就越大,发现小缺陷的能力也就越强。
( X )6、声波源辐射的超声波,总是在声束中心轴线上的声压为最高。
( O )7、轴类工件外圆径向探伤时,曲底面回波声压与同声程理想大平面声压相同。
( O )8、一般不采用从堆焊层一侧探测的方法检测堆焊层缺陷。
( X )9、压电晶片的压电应变常数(d33)大,则说明该晶片接收性能好。
( X )10、利用CSK-IA试块上φ50mm孔与两侧面的距离,能精确测定直探头盲区的数值。
( X )11、用双晶直探头对平面工件探伤时,最好的操作方法是使隔声层垂直于探头扫查方向,( O )12、同一探头在钢中的近场N要比在水中的近场长。
( X )13、焊缝斜角探伤采用液态耦合剂,说明横波可通过液态介质薄层。
( X )14、锻件探伤中,如缺陷引起底波明显下降或消失时,说明锻件中不存在较严重的缺陷。
( X )15、焊缝探伤所用斜探头,当楔块底面前部磨损较大时,其K值将变大。
( X )16、在锻件的超声波检测中,选择探测面的一个很重要的原则是:应从互相垂直的两个方向上作百分之百的扫查。
( O )17、利用工件底波调节探伤灵敏度,当底面粗糙或有附着物时,将使底面反射率降低,底波下降,这样调整的探伤灵敏度将会偏低。
( X )18、小径管通常采用V型坡口,未熔合多出现在坡口面上,一般一次波探伤检出,位置位于探头另一侧。
2015年UT3级开卷(部分)工艺分析题综合题一:筒体环缝焊接前,需先把坡口边缘的复合层去除,然后焊接,焊后进行无损检测,合格后再进行补堆焊。
筒体由复合钢板(堆焊层)做的,规格:基板80mm+复合层4mm。
(1)按《TSG R0004-2009 固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程》和JB/T4730.3-2005,写出UT 应采用的检测技术级别和合格级别,确定检测用探头和试块,并画出扫查示意图。
有以下探头2.5Pφ20,2.5Pφ25, 2.5FG4, 2.5FG40,说明所选探头,试块方法和如何调节灵敏度。
复合板:100%UT复合合缝:100%UT+20%RT,B-II级合格。
对复合钢板的UT,采用2.5PFG4探头,从堆焊层侧检测,采用T3b试块。
(2)对该复合板能否按JB/T4730.3-2005 附录F 规定的方法测定声能传输损耗差?如果可以,应如何操作?如果不可以,请说明理由并给出一种可行的方法。
不可以,因为附录F规定的方法是基于同材质进行测定的,而复合板是两种不同声速的材质,在复合界面处声波会产生畸变。
(3)如果检测采用CSK-IIA 试块,请确定其最小所需尺寸,并叙述DAC 曲线的制作方法。
尺寸至少是60X80X200mm,以1/4T和2/1T孔制作DAC曲线,判废线、定量线、评定线分别是:(4)卷成筒体焊接时复合层切开成48°的一个斜面倒角来方便基板的焊接,用k2探头检测时,发现有回波,说明产生原因,该回波应该在示波屏的什么深度位置显示。
复合层异质界面产生的回波,入射到熔合面发生反射、折射和波形转换的假信号,在采用深度2:1定位,约在40mm处显示。
由于粗晶结构对超声波的衰减很大,林状回波的出现也会降低信噪比,当超声波穿过异种金属焊缝界面时所产生的折射会使超声传播路径发生畸变,焊缝的粗大晶粒和各向异性也会使超声传播路径发生畸变,这些因素都会给超声检测和缺陷定位造成困难。
(5)从理论上分析说明该回波的波形有哪些特征。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 特种设备无损检测MT 专业Ⅱ级理论试卷(闭卷) 特种设备无损检测 MT 专业Ⅱ级理论试卷(闭卷)一、是非题( 20 题,每题 2 分,共 40 分。
对画○,错画)得分:阅卷人: 1、如果被磁化的试件表面存在裂纹,使裂纹产生漏磁场的原因是裂纹具有高应力。
() 2、由磁粉探伤理论可知,磁力线在缺陷处会断开,产生磁极并吸咐磁粉。
() 3、使经过磁化的材料的剩余磁场强度降为 0 的磁通密度称为矫顽力。
() 4、在电流不变的情况下,导体直径减为原来的二分之一,其表面磁场强度将增大到原来的 2 倍。
(○ ) 5、为了能得到最好的流动性,磁粉的形状应是长形的,且具有极低的磁导率。
()6、荧光磁粉检测时采用的紫外线波长范围是510~550nm。
() 7、紫外灯前安装的滤光片是用来滤去不需要的紫外线。
(○ ) 8、 A 型试片上的标值 15/50 是指试片厚度为50m,人工缺陷槽深为 15m。
(○ ) 9、采用长度和直径相同的钢棒和铜棒分别对同1/ 9一钢制筒形工件作芯棒法磁化,如果通过的电流相同,则探伤灵敏度相同。
(○ ) 10、一般说来,检测表面光滑的工件,应选用粘度和浓度都小一些的磁悬液,而检测表面粗糙的工件,则应选用粘度和浓度大一些的磁悬液。
() 11、整流电流中包含的交流分量愈大,检测近表面缺陷的能力愈小。
(○ ) 12、剩磁法探伤中,如使用交流电磁化就必须考虑断电相位问题,而使用直流电或半波整流电磁化则不必考虑断电相位问题。
(○ ) 13、为检出高强度钢螺栓螺纹部分的周向缺陷,磁粉检测时一般应选择:线圈法、剩磁法、荧光磁粉、湿法。
(○ ) 14、与剩磁法相比,连续法更适合于对带涂层的工件进行磁粉检测。
特种设备无损检测RTⅢ级人员专业理论考核试卷考核号:姓名:密封线特种设备无损检测RTⅢ级人员专业理论考核试卷(开卷) (参考答案)成绩:题号题型分值扣分阅卷人签章一是非题30 二单项选择题20 三多项选择题15 四工艺题20 五综合题15 总计100 20XX年6月16日北京全国特种设备无损检测人员资格考核委员会一、是非题(在括号内,正确的画○,错误的画×,每题1.5分,共30分)1.JB/T 4730.1-20XX年标准规定:缺陷评定区是在质量分级评定时,为评价缺陷的性质、数量和密集程度而设置的一定尺寸的区域。
(× )2.JB/T 4730.2-20XX年标准规定:对外径DO≥100 mm 的环向对接焊接接头进行100%检测,所需要的最少透照次数与透照方式和透照厚度比有关。
(× )3.JB/T 4730.2-20XX年标准规定:现场进行γ射线检测时,应按GB *****的规定划定控制区和监督区、设置警告标志,检测作业时,应围绕监督区边界测定辐射水平。
(× )4.JB/T 4730.2-20XX年标准规定:筒体纵缝的一次透照长度应按透照厚度比K值进行控制,A级、AB级为K≤1.03,此规定的目的是为了增大透照厚度宽容度。
(× )5.对规格为Φ133×5 mm且焊缝余高为1.5 mm的管子环向对接焊接接头,采用AB级检测技术双壁单影透照方式进行100%射线照相,按JB/T 4730.2-20XX年标准规定,底片上至少应识别的丝号是14(丝径0.160 mm)。
(○ )6.按JB/T 4730.2-20XX年标准规定,由透照次数曲线图确定透照次数时,如交点在两区域的分界线上,则所需的最少透照次数应取较大数值。
(○ )7.JB/T 4730.2-20XX年标准规定:对小径管进行双壁双影透照椭圆成像时,应控制影像的开口宽度(上下焊缝投影最大间距)在1倍焊缝宽度左右,其主要目的是提高横向裂纹的检出率。
2007年度特种设备无损检测UT专业Ⅲ级人员理论模拟卷(闭卷)一. 是非题(在括号内正确的划“O”,错误的划“×”,每题2分,共40分)1. 介质的密度越大,所传播的声压越大。
(×)2. 在常温范围内,水中声速随温度升高而增大。
(O)3. 固体介质中应力增加,声波传播的速度也增大。
(×)4. 聚焦探头的声束只能聚焦于一个区域,不能聚焦于一个点。
(O)5. 锻件超声波探伤时,游动回波随探伤灵敏度而变化。
(O)6. 当波从波疏介质垂直入射到波密介质,又从波密介质返回到波疏介质时,在界面反射处产生波节。
(×)7. 增大探伤仪发射强度,可使脉冲变窄,因此可提高分辨力和灵敏度。
(×)8. 小径管对接焊缝超声波探伤,常用一、三次波探测焊缝下部和根部。
二次波探测焊缝上半部。
(O)9. 不带中心切槽的半圆试块,其反射波的特点是多次回波总是等距离出现。
(×)10. 如果两个探头除频率不同外,其余性能均相同,则频率高的探头灵敏度高。
(O)11. 圆盘形晶片发出的声波,在发射声场的未扩散区内,声束轴线上的声压可以看作是不变的。
(×)12. 晶片的厚度和探伤频率有关,晶片厚度越薄,频率越高。
(O)13. 爬波和表面波均是纵波和横波的合成。
(O)14. 斜探头探伤是在斜楔与耦合层界面上产生的横波。
(×)15. 串列式探伤时,在探测面处,存在一个探不到缺陷的死区,与探头长度成正比,与探头K值成反比。
(×)16. 焊缝探伤用6dB法对缺陷测长时,对同一缺陷,分别用一次波和二次波测量,所得的指示长度应是一致的。
(×)17. 铸件探伤时出现的干扰杂波主要来自粗晶,组织不均匀和形状复杂回波。
(O)18. 当缺陷反射面直径大于3倍波长时,缺陷反射波具有较好的反射指向性。
(O)19. 径向机电耦合系数Kp越大,探测灵敏度越高。
(×)20. 用一次波在翼板外侧探测T型焊缝时,既可检测纵向缺陷,又可检测横向缺陷。
特种设备无损检测U TⅢ级专业理论模拟题闭卷 Revised by BETTY on December 25,20202014年度特种设备无损检测UTⅢ级专业理论模拟题(闭卷)一是非题(正确划“O”,错误划“×”,每题2分,共40分)1.两列频率相同,振动方向相反,位相差恒定或位相相同的波相遇时,在介质中会产生干涉现象。
(×)2.当超声波传播的固体介质中拉伸应力增大时,声速随应力增大而减小。
(O)3.声压的幅值与介质的密度、波速和频率的乘积成正比。
(O)4.对奥氏体不锈钢对接焊缝根部未熔合采用K1斜探头检测最合适。
(×)5.当缺陷声程X=N/2(N为探头晶片近场长度)时,由于此时主声束处声压为零,故无法检测。
(×)6.聚焦探头的焦点是一个聚焦区,焦柱长度与焦柱直径之比为常数,等于焦距与声源直径之比的4倍。
(O)越小,则脉冲宽度越小,分辨率就越高。
7.机械品质因子Qm(O)8.双晶直探头的探测区为表面下的菱形区,菱形区的中心离表面距离随入射角增大而增大。
(×)9.现有甲、乙两台超声波探伤仪,某一探头与甲组合灵敏度余量为52dB,与乙组合后的灵敏度余量为48dB,则甲探伤仪与该探头组合灵敏度比乙探伤仪与该探头组合灵敏度高。
(×)10.当耦合层厚度为耦合剂波长的四分之一时,透声效果差,耦合效果不好,反射波低。
(×)11.当被检测工件材质晶粒尺寸>1/10波长时,由于超声散射会影响超声检测试验效果。
(O)12.钢焊缝中存在直径为φ3mm的两个缺陷,一个为气孔,一个为夹渣,用横波斜探头检测,则该两缺陷的反射指向性基本相同。
(O)13.缺陷波总是位于底波之前。
(×)14.由于窄脉冲探头的脉冲宽度小,故纵向分辨率高。
(O)15.在固体材料中纵波速度大于横波速度,横波速度大于表面波速度。
(×)16.对管节点焊缝进行超声波探伤时,只要选择合适的探头K值,对该类焊缝各部位的缺陷均可检测出。
某年特种设备无损检测UTⅢ级专业应用知识模拟题2. What are the different levels of UT certification, and what are the requirements for UT Level III certification?3. Describe the process of calibrating an ultrasonic testing instrument.4. What are the different types of probes used in ultrasonic testing, and how are they selected for a specific inspection?5. Explain the concept of sound velocity and its importance in UT inspections.6. How is the size and location of defects determined using UT techniques?7. What are the advantages and limitations of ultrasonic testing compared to other NDT methods, such as radiographic testing or eddy current testing?8. Describe the steps for conducting a UT inspection on a specific type of special equipment(e.g. pressure vessels, pipelines, etc.).9. What are the safety precautions and best practices to be followed during an ultrasonic testing procedure?10. How is the data collected during a UT inspection analyzed and interpreted to determine the integrity of the special equipment?Ultrasonic testing (UT) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) method used to detect internal and surface defects in special equipment such as pressure vessels, pipelines, and structural components. UT employs high-frequency sound waves to penetrate the material being inspected and provide valuable information about its integrity. This method is widely used in the industrial sector to ensure the safety and reliability of critical equipment.One of the primary purposes of ultrasonic testing in NDT is to identify and evaluate discontinuities such as cracks, voids, inclusions, and other flaws that may compromise the structural integrity of the equipment. By analyzing the ultrasonic wave reflections, technicians can accurately measure the size and location of defects, assess the material thickness, and identify any potential issues that might lead to structural failure.In the field of ultrasonic testing, there are different certification levels that technicians can achieve: Level I, Level II, and Level III. Each level comes with specific requirements related to training, experience, and knowledge of ultrasonic testing principles and procedures.UT Level III certification is the highest level attainable and requires a deep understanding of ultrasonic testing techniques, equipment, and procedures. To become certified at this level, candidates typically need to have several years of experience in the field, completion of advanced training courses, and a comprehensive understanding of relevant codes, standards, and regulations.The process of calibrating an ultrasonic testing instrument is crucial to ensuring the accuracy and reliability of test results. Calibration involves adjusting the instrument settings to match the properties of the test material and the specific inspection requirements. This can include setting the sound velocity, establishing appropriate gain levels, and verifying the functionality of the transducer and other components.There are various probes used in ultrasonic testing, each designed for specific applications and materials. Probes can differ in frequency, size, shape, and focal length, and they are selected based on the specific requirements of the inspection. For example, high-frequency probes are suitable for inspecting thin materials, while low-frequency probes are ideal for thicker sections or for detecting coarse-grained materials.Sound velocity is a critical concept in UT inspections, as it directly affects the accuracy of depth measurements and flaw detection. The speed at which sound waves travel through a material is influenced by its density, elasticity, and other physical properties. Technicians must carefully consider the sound velocity of the test material and make appropriate adjustments to ensure accurate measurements and flaw sizing.The determination of defect size and location in ultrasonic testing involves analyzing the characteristics of the reflected sound waves and interpreting the resulting signals. By measuring the time it takes for the ultrasonic waves to travel through the material and return to the transducer, technicians can accurately assess the depth and size of defects. Additionally, the amplitude and shape of the reflected signals provide valuable information about the nature and severity of the flaws.Ultrasonic testing offers several advantages compared to other NDT methods. It is capable of inspecting a wide range of materials, provides real-time results, and does not require the use of ionizing radiation, making it a safer option for personnel and the environment. However, UT also has limitations, such as the need for direct surface contact, the influence of material texture and grain structure on results, and the requirement for skilled technicians to perform accurate inspections.Conducting an ultrasonic testing inspection on specific types of special equipment, such as pressure vessels or pipelines, involves several key steps. This includes selecting the appropriate testing method (e.g., through-transmission, pulse-echo, or phased array), preparing the surfaces for inspection, setting up the equipment and probes, conducting the inspection according to established procedures, and documenting the results for analysis. Safety precautions are paramount in ultrasonic testing procedures to protect personnel, equipment, and the surrounding environment. This includes ensuring proper handling and storage of test equipment, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), following established safety procedures, and conducting regular equipment maintenance to prevent accidents and injuries.Once the data is collected during a UT inspection, it needs to be carefully analyzed and interpreted to determine the integrity of the special equipment. This involves examining theultrasonic waveforms, assessing the amplitude and timing of reflected signals, and applying appropriate sizing techniques to identify and characterize any detected defects. The results of the inspection are then compared against relevant codes, standards, and acceptance criteria to make informed decisions about the equipment's fitness for service.In conclusion, ultrasonic testing is a valuable non-destructive testing method that plays a critical role in ensuring the safety and reliability of special equipment. By understanding the principles of UT, adhering to certification requirements, maintaining proper calibration and safety measures, and applying the appropriate techniques for specific inspections, technicians can effectively identify and assess defects, contributing to the overall integrity and longevity of industrial equipment.。