第一讲:数量词
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数词1 数词的定义和种类表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词(numeral)。
数词与不定式代词很相似,其用法相当于名词与形容词。
数词有两种。
表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词(cardinal numeral),如one,ten,fifty-two 等。
表示顺序先后的数词叫做序数词(ordinal numeral),如first,tenth,fiftieth等。
2 基数词1)1-12的基数词是:one 1, two 2, three 3, four 4, five 5, six 6, seven 7, eight 8, nine 9, ten 10, eleven 11, twelve 12.13-19,皆由3-9加后缀-teen构成,即:thirteen 13, fourteen 14, fifteen 15, sixteen 16, seventeen 17, eighteen 18, nineteen 19. (注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen的拼法)20-90等十位数均由2-9加加后缀-ty构成,即:twenty 20, thirty 30, forty 40, fifty 50, sixty 60, seventy 70, eighty 80, ninety 90.21-29由十位数20加个位数1-9构成,中间须有连字符“-”,即:twenty-one 21, twenty-two 22, twenty-three 23, twenty-four 24, twenty-five 25, twenty-six 26, twenty-seven 27, twenty-eight 28, twenty-nine 29.其它的十位数照些类推,如:thirty-one 31, forty- two 42, fifty-three 53, sixty- four 64, seventy-five 75, eighty-six 86,ninety-seven 97.2)百位数由1-9加hundred构成,如包含十位数及个位数,中间用and连接,也可以不用;如只包含个位数,即十位数为零时,则and不可省。
英语语法数词精讲数词:主要分为基数词和序数词两类。
一、数词的分类1. 基数词表示数目,数量的词称为基数词。
其形式如下:A.从1——10one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.B.从11——19eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.这里除eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
C.从21——99整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety 都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。
表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”21 twenty-one76 seventy-sixD.百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and.101 a hundred and one320 three hundred and twenty648 six hundred and forty-eightE.千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。
从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion。
然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。
2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-fourF.基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。
第四章数词一、数词概述1、数词的定义:表示数目多少或顺序先后的词为数词。
2、数词的分类:数词可分为基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量的多少,序数词表示顺序的先后。
二、数词考点纵览三、综合练习( ) 1. Lincoln was born on ________.A. February 12th, 1809B. 1809, February 12thC. 1809, 12th FebruaryD. February 1809,12th( ) 2. A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.A. ten-years-oldB. ten years oldC. ten-year-oldD. ten year old ( ) 3. An hour later, _____ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men.A. twoB. the secondC. the twoD. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _______ President of the United States.A. 16B. the 16C. 16thD. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us ________ ?A. twoB. the twoC. secondD. the second ( ) 6. ---How many students are there in your class?---________.A. Twenty nineB. Thirty and twoC. Forty-fiveD. fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _______.A. NinetyB. NinteenC. NinthD. Nineteenth ( ) 8. The People’s Liberation Army was founded _______.A. on August 1st, 1927B. in 1927, 1 AugustC. on 1st August , 1927D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _______.A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-threeB. four thousand and one hundred twenty-threeC. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-threeD. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _________.A. in his sixtyB. in his sixtiesC. in sixtiesD. in the sixty ( ) 11. This classroom is ________ ours.A. three times big asB. as three times big asC. three times as big asD. as big three times as( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks ________ in the match.A. threeB. thirdC. the threeD. the third( ) 13. Which is the car that he drives? It’s ________.A. fifty twoB. the fifty-two carsC. the car fifty fourD. the fifty-fourth car( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? ________.A. He is a fifteen-year-old boyB. He is at the age of 15C. He is a boy of 15D. He is fifteen year old( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only ________ students.A. nine hundreds ofB. nine hundredC. nine hundredsD. nine hundred of( ) 16. ---How many new words are there in ________ lesson?---There are only _________.A. five; fifthB. fifth; fiveC. the fifth; the fiveD. the fifth; five( ) 17. ________of the students go to school by car.A. Two threeB. Two thirdC. Second thirdsD. Two thirds ( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a ________.A. ten miles walkB. ten-mile walkC. ten mile’s walkD. tenth mile walk( ) 19. Today is the first day and ________.A. Tuesday is fourthB. Thursday is the fourthC. second is TuesdayD. a second is Thursday( ) 20. Which room do you live in? ________.A. 201 RoomB. Room 201C. Room 201stD. 201’s Room( ) 21. How many magazines do you have? I have ________.A. twoB. bothC. twiceD. the second ( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means ________.A. 3,170B. 3,117C. 300,170D. 30,170 ( ) 23. On May ________, ________ people traveled round the country.A. the first, millionsB. the first, millions ofC. first, the millionthD. first, millions( ) 24. ________ of them are dining at school.A. TwelveB. TwelfthC. The twelveD. The 12th ( ) 25. It’s 7:17 is read ________.A. seven and seventeenB. seven sevenC. seven one sevenD. seven seventeen( ) 26. Four ________ two is two.A. plusB. minusC. timesD. divided by ( ) 27. Three ________ five is eight.A. plusB. minusC. timesD. divided by ( ) 28. Three ________ seven is twenty-one.A. plusB. minusC. timesD. divided by ( ) 29. Forty-two ________ seven is six.A. plusB. minusC. timesD. divided by ( ) 30. There are ________ days in a year.A. three hundred sixty and fiveB. three hundred and sixty-fiveC. three hundreds and sixty-fiveD. three hundred sixty-five( ) 31. There are ________ students in that school.A. two thousand eight-sixB. two thousand eighty-sixC. two thousand and eighty-sixD. two thousands and eighty-six( ) 32. It took me ________ to get there.A. two hours and a halfB. two hours and halfC. two hour and a halfD. two hour and half( ) 33. September is _________ month of the year.A. the ninethB. the ninthC. ninethD. ninth ( ) 34. Please pass me _______ book on the left.A. thirdB. threeC. the thirdD. the three ( ) 35. ________ boy is very tall .A. The twelveB. The twelvethC. The twelfethD. The twelfth( ) 36. We have known each other for ________.A. a year and halfB. a year with halfC. a year and a halfD. a year with a half( ) 37. ---What year is it?---It’s ________.A. nineteen hundreds and ninety-sevenB. nineteen and ninety-sevenC. nineteen ninety and sevenD. nineteen ninety-seven( ) 38. ---What’s the date today?---It’s _________.A. TuesdayB. June FourthC. June the fourD. June the fourth ( ) 39. The train from Shanghai will arrive ________.A. in quarter past sixB. in a quarter past sixC. at quarter past sixD. at a quarter past six( ) 40. My friend was born on _________.A. three of July, 1979B. the third of July,1979C. 1979, July the thirdD. 1979, the third of July( ) 41. ________ is less than ________.A. One third; two thirdsB. One third; two thirdC. First three; first threesD. One third; one three( ) 42. Which lesson did you learn yesterday? ________.A. Lesson SevenB. Lesson seventhC. The seven LessonD. Lesson seven( ) 43. “What’s the date today?” “It’s _______.”A. fourth MayB. the fourth MayC. May fourD. May the fourth ( ) 44. 334 is read ________.A. three hundreds and thirty fourB. three hundreds thirty fourC. three hundred and thirty fourthD. three hundred and thirty-four( ) 45. In February, there are only _________ days.A. twenty nineB. twenty-ninethC. twenty-nineD. twenty eight ( ) 46. There will be a comedy on TV at ________ this evening.A. seven past thirtyB. half past sevenC. seven the thirtyD. thirty to seven ( ) 47. It took me ________ to find out the key to the drawer.A. one and half hoursB. one and a half hoursC. one and a half hourD. one and half hour( ) 48. I’m so tired after ________ walk.A. three hoursB. three hours’C. three hour’sD. three hour ( ) 49. There are ________ stars in the sky.A. million ofB. millions ofC. the millionD. a million of ( ) 50. The street is ________ wide.A. two metersB. two meterC. the two meterD. a two meter参考答案1.A2. C3. B4. D5. A6. C7. B8. A9. A 10. B 11.C 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. D 18. B 19. B20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D38. D 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. C 46. B47. B 48. B 49. B 50. A文档说明(Word文档可以删除编辑)专注于精品文档:中考、高考、数学语文英语试卷、高中复习题目、小学试卷教案合同协议施工组织设计、期中、期末等测试,本文档目的是为了节省读者的工作时间,提高读者的工作效率,读者可以放心下载文档进行编辑使用.文档来源网络改编,审核有可能疏忽,如果有错误或侵权,请联系本店马上删除。
基础知识(一):词【词的定义】是语言里最小的、可以自由运用的单位。
例:山、水、走、兴奋、玻璃、坦克、中国、人民、奥林匹克、中华人民共和国……【词的分类】1、实词:意义较实在,能独立充当句子成分;加上一定的语气语调,一般可独立成句。
包括:名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词。
2、虚词:不能独立充当句子成分;除了叹词和个别副词,一般不能独立成句。
包括:副词、介词、连词、助词、拟声词、叹词。
第一讲:实词一、名词:表示人或事物名称。
1、表示人的名称:鲁迅、老师、朋友、同志、作家、学生2、具体事物:桌子、操场、书本、飞机、风、水、油3、抽象事物:道德、思想、走势、情绪、文化、政治、欲望、苦头4、时间名词:昨天、下午、春天、早晨、明年、现在5、处所名称:北京、中国、亚洲、里屋6、方位名词:中间、周围、前、后、左、右、之上、以下、东边7、专有名词:黄河、泰山、四川、联合国二、动词:表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动、判断等。
1、动作行为:走、观察、学习、听、看、批评、宣传2、存在变化消失:增加、消失、在、有、发生、演变、发展、生长、死亡3、心里活动:想念、厌恶、爱、怕、恨、喜欢、羡慕、希望、讨厌4、能愿动词:能够、愿意、敢、会、应该、要5、趋向动词(移动趋向):来、去、上、下、进、出、回、开、过、起、上来、下去、起来6、判断动词:是(文言文中,一般情况下,“是”是代词。
)三、形容词:表示事物的形状、性质、状态等。
1、表示形状:长、短、粗、高大2、表示性质:高尚、乐观、懦弱、软、硬、甜、苦、好、坏、远、近、斜、直、伟大、勇敢、优秀、聪明、大方3、表示状态:迅速、朦胧、遥远、雪白、笔直、绿油油、水灵灵、安静注意:①绝大部分的名词前面可用数量词来修饰。
②绝大部分的动词前面可用否定副词“不”或“没(没有)”来修饰。
③绝大部分的形容词前面可用程度副词“很”来修饰。
④一般地,形容词修饰名词和动词,副词可修饰形容词和动词,但不能修饰名词。
⼩升初英语培优第1讲:名词讲解(学⽣版)第⼀讲:名词⼀、【考点解读】名词是⼈类认识事物所使⽤的基本词汇,是⽤来表⽰⼈、事物、地⽅、现象或抽象概念的名称的词。
在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、称呼语等。
⼩升初的考点主要集中在名词的分类判断和名词的修饰成分上⾯。
⼆、【知识讲解】知识点1——名词的分类和可数名词的单复数⼀、名词的种类名词是⽤来表⽰⼈名、地名、事物名称及其抽象概念的词类。
名词普通名词可数名词具体名词抽象名词不可数名词例:book, student 例:colour, message 具体名词抽象名词例:rice, sugar 例:work, advice(⼆)国⼈变复数的规则如下表:知识点2——常见的不可数名词以及修饰名词的数量词⼀常见的不可数名词如下表⼆修饰名词的数量词如下表知识点3——名词的句法作⽤名词在句⼦中可以⽤作如下成分:1. 名词作主语The boy opened the door. 那个男孩把门打开了。
2. 名词作宾语I saw the boy .我看到那个男孩。
(boy 作动词saw的宾语)Give the money to your brother. 把这些钱给你兄弟。
(brother 作介词to的宾语)3.名词作表语He is a clever boy. 他是个聪明的孩⼦。
4.名词宾语补⾜语He was called a fool.(当含有宾语补⾜语的句⼦变为被动语态的时候,原来的宾语变成了主语,那么原来的宾语补⾜语就变成了主语补⾜语。
)5.名词作定语Is it a colour film? 是彩⾊影⽚吗?6.名词作同位语This is my friend John.知识点4——名词修饰成分的排列顺序下⾯所列的修饰语的顺序就是名词前修饰成分的常见顺序:1.限定词包括冠词(a ,an ,the )、指⽰代词(this, that ,these ,those )、所有格和形容词性物主代词,他们不能同时出现。
量词一年级须知量词是汉语中一个重要的部分,它用来表示数量或度量。
在一年级,学生们开始学习使用量词,这是他们语言能力发展的一个重要阶段。
以下是一些一年级学生需要知道的量词知识。
一、常见的量词在一年级,学生们需要掌握一些常见的量词,如“个”、“只”、“颗”、“条”、“块”等。
这些量词可以用来表示人、动物、植物、物品等不同的事物。
例如,“一个苹果”、“三只小猫”、“四颗珠子”、“一条鱼”、“一块饼干”。
二、量词的用法量词通常放在被计量的事物前面,用来表示数量或度量。
例如,“一个苹果”表示一个苹果,“两只鸭子”表示两只鸭子。
同时,不同的量词也可以用来表达相同的事物,例如,“一只小猫”和“一只小狗”都可以用“只”来表示。
三、量词的搭配在一年级,学生们还需要学习如何正确地使用量词来搭配不同的名词。
例如,“一个男孩”、“一本书”、“一只笔”、“一块橡皮擦”、“一颗星星”等等。
这些搭配可以帮助学生们更好地理解和使用量词。
四、注意问题在学习量词时,学生们需要注意一些问题。
要避免使用错误的量词。
例如,“一只猫”不能说成“一头猫”,“一条鱼”不能说成“一只鱼”等。
要注意不同的事物可能需要使用不同的量词。
例如,“一只鸟”可以用“只”,“一条鱼”则要用“条”。
要注意量词的使用要符合语法规则和语言习惯。
学习量词是一年级学生语言能力发展的重要内容之一。
通过掌握常见的量词、理解量词的用法和搭配规则以及注意常见问题,学生们可以更好地理解和使用量词,提高他们的语言表达能力。
一个月亮、一个月饼、一个月牙。
二、有关“日”的量词一弯新月、一钩残月、一叶扁舟、一缕轻云、一朵白云、一轮明月。
三、有关“花”的量词一朵花、一株花、一簇花、一束花、一篮花、一捆花。
四、有关“云”的量词一片云、一朵云、一团云、一朵朵洁白的云。
五、有关“雨”的量词一滴雨、一场雨、一个雨点。
六、有关“风”的量词一阵风、一股风。
七、有关“水”的量词一滴水、一捧水。
八、有关“鸟”的量词一只鸟、一对小鸟。
讲义3:数词一数词的分类(数词分基数词和序数词)基数词是表示自然数列的词, 例如; one, two, three, four…..序数词是表示先后顺序的词, 例如: first, seco nd, third, fourth…二基数词和序数词的表示法1.基数词单词的拼写:1~12为单词,13~19都以后缀-teen结尾,20至90这样的整十数都以后缀-ty结尾,其他基数词中间加连字符号“-”再按照上述的变化进行。
例:21→twenty-one 56-- fifty-six 85→eigh ty-five三位数的构成为:几+百+and+末两位(或末一位)数例:132→one hundred and thirty-two205→two hundred and five千以上的数字的读法:从后面往前,每三位数作为一个单位,分别为thousand, million.32, 548, 652, 读作:thirty two million, five hundred and forty eight thousand, six hundred and fifty two2. 序数词=基数词+th (1、2、3为first, second, third)。
但以下几种情况要注意:1) fifth (第五),eighth (第八),ninth (第九),twelfth (第十二)2) 以ty结尾的基数词变词尾为tieth例:twenty→twentieth, ninety→ninetieth3)复合序数词只需要将相应基数词中最后一位变成序数词,其余不变。
例:第二十一→twenty-first第二百四十五→two hundred and forty-fifth三.基数词的用法:1、表示计量:表示事物的计量,即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度,应采用基数词。
如:It is 50 metres/kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high).它有50米/千米/英里长(宽、深、高)。
《数量词》教学设计教学设计:《数量词》一、教学目标:1. 知识目标:学生能够正确理解和使用基本数量词。
2. 技能目标:学生能够在口语和书面表达中准确运用数量词。
3. 情感目标:培养学生爱护环境的意识和合作意识。
二、教学重点与难点:1. 重点:掌握基本数量词的用法。
2. 难点:理解部分抽象概念和数量词的转换运用。
三、教学准备:1. 教材:学生课本、练习册。
2. 教具:图片、单词卡片、挂图、CD。
四、教学过程:步骤一:导入新课1. 创设情境:用图片展示一张盛满水果的桌子,并向学生描述一下桌子上有多少种水果,多少个水果。
2. 引出新课:通过引导学生进行交流,引出“数量词”这个话题。
步骤二:新课讲解与练习1. 向学生展示一些常用的数量词卡片,例如:one, two, three, four, five。
板书相应的数字。
2. 告诉学生数量词是用来表示数量的词语,可以用来描述人或物的个数、数量等。
3. 通过师生互动,比如:Drawing time! One apple, two apples, three apples... 老师拿出一个苹果模型,学生根据老师的示范,一起数苹果个数。
4. 分发练习册,让学生练习在图片上或空格中填写正确的数量词。
步骤三:巩固与拓展1. 进行听力练习,播放CD上的录音,让学生听录音并勾画相应图片上的数量词。
2. 设计小组活动,让学生分组进行合作,用所学的数量词来描述图片,然后进行展示。
3. 通过讨论,引导学生发现不同场景和物品使用不同的数量词,引导学生灵活运用数量词。
4. 结合实际生活,利用教室中的物品或班级中的同学进行数量词的练习,例如:How many chairs are there in the classroom? How many students are there in our class?步骤四:达标检测1. 将学生分成两组,进行小组竞赛。
出示一些图片,学生轮流快速说出正确的数量词并击打答案卡。
第一讲:数量词一:如何表达“多少”许多很少,几乎没有(否定意义)有一些,少量(肯定意义)修饰可数名词复数many few a few=not many修饰不可数名词much little a little=not much1. a lot of 许多,很多=lots of,既可修饰可数名词复数,又可以修饰不可数名词。
eg: I'd like a lot of(lots of) beef/books.A.too many/too much 太多too little/too few 太少eg: You ate too many bananas.She had too little food for lunch.二:如何表达“没有”含义用法no 没有,无放在表示人或物的名词前,用作定语none 没有一个单独使用eg: There is no eggs in the basket.I wanted to buy some paper, but there was none at the shop.三:如何询问“数量”含义用法回答how many 多少用于询问可数名词的数根据需要,可用alot,a little,few,none等回答how much 用于询问不可数名词的量注意:how much 还可用于表示“多少钱”,用来询问价钱。
eg: How much are this shoes?归纳:询问多少意思修饰可数名词复数修饰不可数名词多↓少很多 a lot of/lots of/plenty of很多many mucha number of an amount of 一些some/any很少 a few a little少到机会没有few little没有no谈论足够与否意思修饰可数名词复数修饰不可数名词太多too many too much足够enough不足not enough太少too few too little第一讲课堂作业单词第一次1.balloon___________2. chair________3. fan________4. light ________5. classroom________6.bag___________7.pencil_________8.pencil case_______9.ruler________10.rubber___________ 11.point________12. board________13. window________ 14.look at________ 15.sit down________ 16.stand up________17. open________18.close________ 19. children________ 20.mouth________ 21.nose________ 22.eye________23. ear________ 24.finger________ 25. draw________根据中文翻译填空。
1 今年树上的苹果不多。
There are not __________ ____________ on the tree this year.2 我在学校没有什么朋友。
I have__________ ____________ at school.3我箱子里还有些地方,我可以买些礼物。
There is __________ __________ space in my suitcase, I can buy ____ _______ presents.用how many与how much填空。
1._________________ tomatoes do you need?2._________________ bread can you eat?根据句意,选择词或短语填空。
1.There aren't ____________(many/much) hotels in this town.2.----Did you take any photos there?----Yes, I took_____________(a little/a few).3.There is_____________(few/little) food. Let's go to buy some.4.Don't drink too____________(many/much) tea before sleep.5.I can't decide now. I need ____________(a little/little) time to think about it.6.There were__________(a few/few) people on the bus. It was nearly empty.7.----How______________(many/much) CDs have you got?----I've got___________(a lot/a little)单项选择题()1. There is only________ water in the glass. Can you get me some more?A. a fewB. a littleC. a lotD. lots of( ) 2. It was raining, but__________ people were walking in the street.A. muchB. a fewC. a littleD. a lot( ) 3. It is very hot, so there are__________ swimmers in the pool.A. noB. a littleC. manyD. a lot( ) 4. How_______ juice is there in the fridge?A. fewB. muchC. littleD. many( ) 5. How________ sheep are there on the farm?A. fewB. muchC. littleD. many( ) 6. The river is too dirty, so ________ of us wants to swim in it.A. noneB. a fewC. a littleD. a lot( ) 7. Sorry, I'm hungry. I had_________ food for breakfast.A. littleB. muchC. a lotD. a few( ) 8. There is________ water to drink on Earth. We must save it.A. too fewB. too manyC. too muchD. too little( ) 9. The boy always eats______ candies though he has a few bad teeth.A. too fewB. too manyC. too muchD. too little第一讲课后作业改写同义句.1.We have a little water to drink at home.We________ have___________ water to drink at home.2.There are not many people in the library.There are_______ _______ people in the library.3.She doesn't have enough money.She has_______ _______ money.4.They have too few workers in the factory.They_______ have________ workers in the factory.5.We all remember to take books.________ of _________ forgets to take books.根据汉语意思和英文提示,完成句子。
1.你需要多少牛奶和多少苹果?How_____________ milk and how_________ apples do you need?2.因为几个月没有下过雨了,很多人家几乎没有水了。
___________ families have_________ water at home because it hasn't rained for _________ ___________ months.3.很多外国人想来深圳旅游,但会讲中文的人不多。
_______ ________ _______ foreigners want to travel to Shenzhen, but ______ ______ can speak Chinese.4.地球没有足够的水让我们浪费。
There is ________ _________ water on Earth for us to waste.5.这个男孩总是吃太多肉,他吃的蔬菜太少。
The boy always eats______ ________ meat but ________ _________ vegetables.。