大学英语综合教程二unit 7 Learning about English

Unit7Done with this task. Your score: 89%Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1.Dogs share many of the same _______ as humans and can easily show emotion.A.attributesB.distributesC.tributesD.reattributespared to my pet frog, that horse seemed like a _______ animal.A.miniatureB.typicalC.giantD.short3.It might be hard to believe but some ants are _______ of carrying more than ten times theirbody weight!A. capableB.capabilityC.ableD.ability4.Over millions of years, animals on Earth _______ and adapted to many different environments.A.grewB.involvedC.developedD.evolved5.Polar bears are able to stay warm in such cold places because they have a thick _______ of fatbeneath their fur.yerB.coatC.sheetD.stack6.Many animals, like chipmunks, live underground in vast networks of _______ that they dig.A.holesB.tunnelsC.openingsD.caves7.Elephants are often called _______ animals because of their size, beauty, and elegance.A.enormousB.magnificentC.interestingpelling8.Scientists have been studying DNA for years but they've only _______ a fraction of theinformation it contains.A.coveredB.recoveredC.discoveredD.uncovered9.Charles Darwin suggested that humans and apes, such as chimpanzees, shared a similar_______ from a common ancestor.A.descentB.ascentC.descendentD. descendant10.There is a famous story about a lion that had a thorn stuck in its _______.A.handB.pawC.hoofD.flipper11.When he wants to go outside, my dog will _______ bark at the front door until someone opens it.A.unreliablyB.previouslyC.distractedlyD.repeatedly12.Penguins may look a little silly walking on land, but they _______ through water beautifully.A.leapB.glideC.squirmD.drape13.When a tiger shows its teeth, that's an _______ that it is about to attack.A.indicateB.indicativeC.indicationD.indicating14.Many fish swim with a gentle side-to-side _______ of the fins and tail.A.motionB.motiveC.motorD.motel15.I could see a subtle _______ of sadness on the face of my cat when I left for work this morning.A.clueB.motionC.hintD.gust16.Parrots have the ability to _______ the sounds they hear around them.A.produceB.reproduceC.pronounceD.mispronounce17.Some species of birds can fly for miles simply by gliding on a _______ of wind.A.breezeB.motionC.gustD.hint18.The sign said that the _______ age of Mildred, the zoo's oldest gorilla, is around 45.A.exactB.exactlyC.approximatelyD.approximate19.She divided the dog food _______ among all the puppies.A.eveningB.eventuallyC.evenD.evenly20. I wore a sweater and a jacket, but the cold wind still managed to _______ to my skin!A.uncoverB.filterC.penetrateD.navigateSection B: Complete each sentence with a suitable word.21.His son decided to go back to school to work onanimal behaviour research.Your answer Correct answer on on22.Our cats are justaboutthe same age.Your answer Correct answer about about23.Polar bears are sometimes forced to go underthe ice to find food.Your answer Correct answer under under24.Her research bringsupmany interesting questions.Your answer Correct answer up up25.Learning about animals alive during the time of the dinosaurs is difficult, but scientists are, bitbybit, making progress.Your answer Correct answerby by26.Many dog owners project all human emotionsto do so.ontotheir pets, even when it's ridiculousYour answer Correct answeronto onto27.upDon't hang the phone. I want to talk to Thomas too.Your answer Correct answerup up28.ofMarilyn has so many pets that I find it hard to keep track them all.Your answer Correct answerof of29.toMy cat has been acting slow and tired, but I put that down the recent heat and humidity.Your answerto30.It's amazing, Patty's dog has begun watchingYour answeroverCorrect answertooverthe baby like it was its own puppy!Correct answeroverPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.burglarMy neighbour, Mrs. Noyes, told me that a(31)tried to break into her house lastrobberyweekend. Can you believe that there was almost a(32)in our neighbourhood? Mrs. Noyes told me that this person approached her back door, broke the glass, and tried to open the door.However, before he could get the door open, he heard a low growl and heavy(33)panting.Apparently, that was all the warning he needed because the person ran away! Mrs. Noyes still calledthe police who came right away to(34)investigate. The police told her that there was noindicationthat the person would return. It was probably a random event. Still, they (35)suggested that she install an alarm system if it would make her feel safer. Old-fashioned door lockslike she has are usuallyunreliableand can break easily.(36)After Mrs. Noyes finished telling me the story of the unwelcomeintrusion, I asked her (37)what it was that scared the man away. She laughed and said it was Charlie, her newpuppy! Just after she said this, a little dog came running out of her house, jumped (38)into my arms with a(39)leap, and began tolickmy face.(40)"This is Charlie," Mrs. Noyes laughed, "Cute little Charlie scared that man away! Isn't that funny?"Your answer Correct answer(31)burglar burglar(32)robbery robbery(33)panting panting(34)investigate investigate(35)indication indication(36)unreliable unreliable(37)intrusion intrusion(38)puppy puppy(39)leap leap(40)lick lickPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.At the beginning of summer, Rebecca was both excited and nervous. She was excited because she was going to spend five weeks helping biologists from the university perform research on animal behaviour. However, she was also nervous because she would travel with the scientists to Central America, and she had never been that far from home before. She knew that this was an amazing opportunity, though, and tried not to let her nervousness take control.Rebecca was chosen from among many students who were all competing for a spot on the research team. Rebecca had the best grades and a reputation for being reliable in her work. She also demonstrated creative thinking and showed the most promise in the field of biology. All in all, she was a very talented young woman. Most of her classmates were jealous, but they all still wished her luck and eagerly anticipated many great stories after she returned home at the end of the summer.The first couple of weeks in the field, Rebecca was limited to assisting the scientists. Most of her time was spent categorizing data. It was not the most glamorous work in the world, but she learned a lot and asked many questions. The rest of the research team realized how valuable Rebecca was, and she started to get her own assignments. Bit by bit, she was assigned more work and, by the end of the summer, she became a full-fledged member of the team!The team was researching the behaviour of Central American mammals, particularly the relationship between predator and prey. Rebecca spent most of her time in the forest observing a family of sloths and trying to stay as quiet as possible. After a few days of this, she discovered that a naturalist's work is often very dirty and involves many long, hot hours where not much happens. It's easy to get very bored when you spend all day watching a sleeping animal.However, Rebecca took very detailed notes and did her best to impress the scientists. At the end of the summer, the entire team had magnificent things to say about Rebecca. They were so happy with her andher work that they asked her to return the following summer! She couldn't wait to tell her friends—they were sure to be even more jealous of her good fortune!41.This style of writing would best be described as _______.A.expositoryB.argumentativeC.narrativeD.descriptive42.Which of the following words best describes Rebecca's character?A.Unreliable.B.Capable.C.Fearless.D.Modest.43.Rebecca _______ received more important responsibilities in order to become a full memberof the research team.A.neverB.slowlyC.quicklyD. immediately44.Which paragraph describes the reality of scientific investigation as experienced by Rebecca?A.Paragraph 1.B.Paragraph 2.C.Paragraph 3.D.Paragraph 4.45.What is meant by the phrase, "Rebecca was limited to assisting the scientists" (Para 3, Line 1)?A.She couldn't do anything except help the scientists.B.She could do anything but help the scientists.C.She could do many things in addition to helping the scientists.D.She couldn't do anything but observe the scientists.。

Unit7 Learning about EnglishPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.It has borrowed and is still borrowing massively from other languages. Today it has anestimated vocabulary of over one million words.2.They don’t like borrowing fo reign words. They try to ban words from English.3.Old English or Anglo-Saxon English.4.The Germanic tribes brought it to the British Isles in the 5th century.5.They are usually short and direct.6.They use words derived from Old English.7.An English judge in India noticed that several words in Sanskrit closely resembled somewords in Greek and Latin. A systematic study later revealed the Indo-European parent language.8.Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, English, etc.9.There were three languages competing for use in England.10.Words from Greek and Roman classics came into the English language.11.The great principles of freedom and rights of man were born in England, then the Americanscarried them forward.12.No. English is and has always been the tongue of the common people. There should not beany fence around it to protect its so-called purity.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: Massive borrowing from other languages is a major feature of the English language. Part Two: the history of the English language from the Indo-European parent language to modern English.Part Three: Tolerance, love of freedom, and respect for the rights of others---these qualities in the English-speaking people explain the richness of their language.2.Paras. 10-11: Germanic tribes came to settle in Britain and brought Anglo-Saxon words---Old English.Para. 12: The Christian religion enriched English with words from Greek and Latin.Para. 13: the Vikings from Scandinavia came with words from Old Norse.Para. 14: the Norman Conquest---French influence.Para. 15: The European renaissance and the printing pressbrought many new words from Latin and Greek.Para. 16: The American revolution---the emergence of a new variety---Amercan English. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)judge(2)resembled(3)systematic (4)descended(5)lost to us(6)come up with(7)assume(8)established (9)drifted(10)became known asVocabulary I1.1)Strictly speaking2)drifted3)resembles4)invaded5)is conquered6)fascinating 7)snack8)put; into practice9)source10)climate11)surrendered12)were; aroused2.1)an absolute necessity rather than a luxury.2)is a valuable addition to the football team.3)will get out of control, if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutes.4)Alternative but to go via Vancouver to get to Seattle.5)Declared all beef imports will be banned for the next six months as an emergencymeasure to stop the spread of mad disease.3.1)systematic; have invented; to a very real extent; mysteries2)to establish; to be modified/modifying3)tolerance towards; strike out; enrichII.Synonyms1.a)wish b)wish c)want d)want/wish 2.a)skin b)hide/skin c)hide d)skin3.a)raise/rear b)raise c)rear/raise d)raise4.a)royalb)kingly/royal c)sovereignd)royal/kinglyage1.Indeed2.though3.Frankly4.Moreover5.To my knowledge6.however7.nevertheless8.Yet9.instead10.in other wordsComprehensive Exercises I.cloze1.(1)fascinating(2)tolerance(3)invented(4)addition (5)ban(6)corrupt(7)out of control(8)influenced(9)elite(10)came up with(11)establishing(12)Massive(13)sources (14)enrich 2.(1)early(2)similar(3)source(4)observation (5)examine(6)features(7)declared(8)stronger(9)accident(10)sprungII.Translation1.1)Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.2)On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.3)He paused for effect, then said: “We can reach/enter these markets through newchannels.”4)The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents.5)We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereignstate. / We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereignstate.2.Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people, linguists believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language. English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English. In over fifteen centuries of its development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing. As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.。

Unit 7 Letter to a B StudentTeaching Objectives1)To help students to develop a proper attitude towards grades;2)To help students to know American education system;3)To help students to learn to analyze the text;4)To help students to learn the language in this text;5)To help students to develop oral English ability and communicativecompetence.Teaching Procedures1)Lead-in activities2)Cultural Backgrounds3)Text analysis4)Structural analysis5)Language study6)ExercisesLead-in activitiesOpening questions for discussion:1)What grades do you mostly get for the English courses you have been taking? Areyou happy or are you disappointed with the grades you get?2)Imagine yourself to be a teacher and that you are to write a letter to a studentwho is disappointed with the grade he gets. What would you say to him in the letter?Cultural information1. QuoteHistories make men wise; poems witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.— Francis Bacon2. GradesGrades are standardized measurements of varying levels of comprehension within a subject area. Grades can be assigned in letters (for example, A, B, C, D, or F), as a range (for example 4.0 –1.0), as descriptors (excellent, great, satisfactory, needs improvement), in percentages, or, as is common in some post-secondary institutions in some countries, as a Grade Point Average (GPA). The GPA can be used by potential employers or further post-secondary institutions to assess and compare applicants. A Cumulative Grade Point Average is the mean GPA from all academic terms within a given academic year, whereasthe GPA may only refer to one term.3. American Education System vs. Asian Education SystemAmerica is the land of opportunity, which is famous for its democratic society and unique culture. People in America like to be free, to do whatever they want to do without any restrictions. This belief is reflected in the American educational system. In American schools, teachers and students are at the same social level. Students are encouraged to exchange their own opinions with the teacher. From an early age, students in the American educational system have been taught that they have the ability to achieve whatever they want to be, but rarely been told how they can achieve their goal. Because of this belief in natural born ability in the land of opportunity, students receive very little pressure in school, so whatever they do in school is totally based on their personal beliefs. The advantage of this kind of educational system is that, it really develops student’s individual thinking skills, and they are encouraged to try out different options to achieve their goal.Text ILetter to a B StudentRobert OliphantGlobal ReadingI. Text analysis1.What issues does the writer of the letter intend to deal with?How should students regard grades, both good and bad? Are grades as important as they are assumed to be? Do good grades necessarily lead to achievements and bad grades result in failure in a student’s later life?2.What’s the theme of this piece of writing?It is explicitly stated in the first sentence of the third paragraph: to put a B student’s disappointment in perspective by considering exactly what the grade B means and doesn’t mean.II. Structural analysis2. Apart from the first paragraph, the rest of the text falls clearly into three parts, each ofwhich is marked at the beginning by a key word or words. Try to find these key words. Paragraphs 2–5: DisappointmentParagraphs 6-8: The student as performer; the student as human being.Paragraphs 9-10: PerspectiveDetailed ReadingParagraph 1Questions1. What change about grades has the author mentioned briefly?The author has mentioned briefly the change in the way grades are regarded, i.e. the norm has shifted upward.2. What, according to the author, has caused the feeling of disappointment?It has to do with the general social climate where grades determine eligibility for graduate school and special programs. This is why the author says there is nothing he can do to remove the feeling of disappointment.3. Has the author stated his purpose of writing in this paragraph? If yes, what is it? If not, where is it stated in the text?The purpose of writing the letter is not stated in this paragraph. It is not specifically mentioned until the third paragraph.Paragraphs 2-5Questions1. What does the phrase ―put sth. in perspective‖ m ean? (Paragraph 3)It means ―judge the importance of sth. correctly.‖ So what the author wants to do is to show the students how they should regard / view their disappointment correctly.2. How does the author explain the notion of disappointment? (Paragraph 2)Refer to Paragraph 2. Disappointment is a negative feeling. It is the stuff bad dreams are made of. What deserves our attention here is that the author explains disappointment in relation to success.3. How do you interpret the second sentence in Par agraph 2 ―The essence of success is that …‖? (Paragraph 2)There does not exist the situation in which all those who are involved will turn out successful and no one feels disappointed. Wherever there are winners, there are losers.When someone feels happy about his success, someone else may feel disappointed at his failure. In a highly competitive society where the importance of winning is emphasized so much, it is inevitable that those who fail in the competition will feel disappointed.4. Try to find out what a grade means and what it does not mean. (Paragraph 5)It means the successful completion of a specific course at a certain level of proficiency. It is an indication of the student’s performance of some conventional tasks. However, it may not be a truthful indication of the student’s knowledge. It does not represent a judgment of the student’s basic ability or of his character.Paragraphs 6-8QuestionsNow, can you relate the writer’s experience? And discuss the revelation of his story.Paragraphs 9-10Questions1. What is the author’s view concerning social labels? (Paragraph 9)Social labels are on the one hand irrelevant and misleading and on the other hand necessary in a complex society.2. How do you interpret the sentence ―To recognize them i s to recognize that social labelsare basically irrelevant and misleading‖? (Paragraph 9)If we are aware that human beings, despite their apparent differences, are basically identical physically and emotionally, we would think definitely that the social labels used to distinguish them are irrelevant, i.e. meaningless, and misleading, i.e.distorting the fact.3. How does the author relate a student’s academic performance with his future life? (Paragraph 10)While a student’s performance at school may be quite consistent throughout his school years and what he has learned at school may help him after he leaves school, in the long run he will depend much more on himself, i.e. he will have to learn to find his way when traveling in his life path. A grade B student may turn out to be a grade A life achiever.Text IICollege Pressures(Abridged)William ZinsserLead-in QuestionsDo you find college life always exciting? If not, what kind of frustrations do you have?Main IdeaWilliam Zinsser, master of Branford College, points out a widespread phenomenon that students suffer from heavy college pressures due to their fear of failing to achieve any success in the future.Notes1. About the author and the text: William Zinsser was born in 1922 in New York City, and studied at Princeton University. He was a feature writer, film critic, and drama editor for the New York Herald Tribune and later a columnist for Look and Life, and has also written numerous books. In 1971 he took a teaching position in the English department at Yale University. He is the author of the best-selling book On Writing Well: An Informal Guide to Writing Nonfiction (1976).2. They’re trying to find an edge —the intangible something that will lookbetter on paper if two students are about equal.(Paragraph 2) ―Edge‖ here means an advantage over others, as in the expression ―have the edge on/ over,‖ meaning ―be slightly better than someone or something because you have an advantage they do not have.‖ What the dean means is that they try to f ind an advantage over others, i.e. they try to have higher marks on their transcript, so that they will appear to be academically superior to others. This is especially so when two students are more or less the same. But the dean seems to think that marks are not really very reliable and valid indications of the real quality of the students.3. sampling a wide variety of courses(Paragraph 4) taking numerous courses without necessarily going deep into any of them …4. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. (Paragraph 4) If I were an employer, I would employ those students who take all these courses and thus have a wide range of knowledge and are always curious about what is new and unknown; I would not employ those who only take those courses they can safely pass and score high marks.5. But they are equally battered by inflation. (Paragraph 5) But they (the colleges) are as badly affected by inflation as the parents and the students are.6. We are witnessing in America the creation of a brotherhood of paupers —colleges, parents, and students, joined by the common bond of debts. (Paragraph 5) Here in America we find coming into being a union of colleges, parents, and students; what they have in common is that they are all in debt.7. tenacity (Paragraph 7) determination to continue what one is doing8. They are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt.(Paragraph 12) A web is a complicated pattern of connections or relationships.Both the students and their parents find themselves caught in a web: The parents, out of good intention, want their children to take courses which they think are more profitable; the children are not interested in these courses, but they feel they just have to take them, otherwise they would suffer from a sense of guilt because it is their parents who have paid for their education. Such a web has long been in existence in human history, thus ―one of the oldest webs.‖9. Where’s the payoff on the humanities? (Paragraph 12) What financial benefit can studentsget from courses in humanities? ―Humanities‖ are subjects such as history, philosophy, and literature, which are concerned with human ideas and behavior. Such courses do not usually lead immediately to profitable occupations as courses related to law and medicine do.10. self-induced pressure (Paragraph 13) pressure brought on by the students themselves11. The story is symptomatic of all the pressures put together.(Paragraph 15)The story indicates all the pressures combined.Questions for discussion1. How do you interpret the last sentence of the first paragraph ―There are no villains;only victims‖?2. From Zinsser’s quotation of a certain dean in the 2nd paragraph, what idea do you get of the difference between the students in the late 1960s and students of the time when the article was written (presumably in the 1970s–1980s)?3. Why do students, both of those who want to enter graduate schools and those who just want tograduate and get a job, attach so much importance to grades?4. Zinsser obviously holds a different opinion from many of the parents with regard to the courses the students should take. Describe this difference and voice your own opinion.5. According to the text, what mentality underlies peer pressure and self-induced pressure?6. As a college student do you feel any of the four pressures Zinsser has described in the text? Is there any other pressure you feel? Discuss with your classmates the pressure(s) you feel and try to suggest a way ―to break the circles in which you are trapped.‖Key to questions for discussion1. No one is really to blame for the pressures working on college students, not the colleges, or the professors, or the parents, or the students themselves. In fact, they (the colleges, the professors, the parents, and the students) are all victims.2. The students in the late 1960s seemed to be more concerned with what was happening in the world as a whole, and what they could do to make our world a better place to live in. The college students of the time when the article was written were more concerned about their own future and career; they seemed to be more egoistic.3. To both kinds of students, a good transcript will serve as a passport to security. They want their grades to look better so that they can either be enrolled by a graduate school or find a good job.4. Most parents want their sons and daughters to take courses that would lead them to occupationswith a good payoff such as law and medicine. But Zinsser would rather that they took a wide range of courses in the humanities, such as philosophy, history, music, and religion, so that they would become liberally well-educated men and women.5. The mentality that underlies peer pressure and self-induced pressure is the fear ofbeing outshone by one’s fellow students, the fear of appearing inferior.6. Open to discussion.Memorable QuotesWhat do you think are the aims of education? Read the following quotes and find out whether your opinions echo the speakers’.Guidance: The aim of education, as Newman said, is to nurture a person, a good citizen rather than a hero. Education could be a philosophical problem with its social responsibility and responsibility for personal growth.1. Nothing in education is so astonishing as the amount of ignorance it accumulates in theform of inert facts.—Henry AdamsHenry Adams (1838–1918) was an American educator, journalist, historian, and novelist.Paraphrase:It is astonishing that education would only increase a lack of knowledge about the world, if it is about the factual information such as theories, concept and facts regardless of the real application.2. The purpose of education is to replace an empty mind with an open one.—Malcolm ForbesMalcolm Stevenson Forbes (1919–1990) was the publisher of Forbes magazine, today run by his son.Paraphrase: The aim of education is to help one who knows little become receptive to new ideas and more possibilities.。

大学体验英语二综合教程Unit 7 Family TiesListen and TalkLead inA family begins with two people. Love deepens and grows between a couple and soon a wedding 1____, the beginnings of a family. Children are born, growing and 2___with every passing year. When grown up, they, too, fall in love and marry. The 3___of creating a family begins again, adding generations to the family.A day in the life of a family is 4___work and school, errands and chores. At the end of a busy day we can find children 5____sharing the events of their day with Mom and Dad. It is a time 6__- working together and playing together. Reading to the children, 7____songs, doing homework together, and playing games are some 8____that take place during family time. A television 9 ___may be what each family member needs to 10____and enjoy some quiet time together. Strong family relationships are developed by spending quality time together.Key: 1. takes place 2. maturing 3. process 4. excitedly 5. filled with7. singing 8. activities 9. show 10 relax Passage A: Things I Learned From Dadthe following questions with the information from the passage.kind of disease did Lobo’s mother suffer from Did she survive itShe suffered from breast cancer, but she survived it.did Lobo feel at homeShe felt loved and secure.Branson’s father a successful lawyer Explain.No, he wasn’t. The word "struggling" implies "working hard to survive". did Branson’s father teach him about human relationshipsThe way you treat others is the way you will be treated.has your father taught youAnswer: Open.3. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.1. Anyone who reads the stories about the three fathers will agree that ________.A fathers play an important role in the lives of their childrenB fathers like to design their children's future for themC fathers are much tougher than mothers to their childrenD fathers are usually the breadwinners in a family2. By describing her father as "a pillar of strength", Lobo tells us that ________.A her father is very important to the whole familyB her father loves her mother very muchC her father is very tall and strongD her father is very supportive of her3. What does Branson's father mean by saying "If you pour water on flowers, they flourish"A Flowers depend on water to blossom.B One gets fresh flowers if he waters them.C Praising a child helps to bring out the best in him.D Criticizing a child helps him to make progress.4. From the passage, we can conclude that ________.A Branson's father has been a successful lawyerB Branson's father encouraged him to quit schoolC Branson's father was confident of his successD Branson's father has been understanding and supportive5. Lewis tells us that ________.A he enjoyed farm work very much when he was youngB he grew up in an environment with very serious racial discriminationC his father taught them how to protect themselves in a hostile environmentD his father was happy to hear that he had been elected to Congress Anwser: , , , ,4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1. You have to be a born ___ to be able to do this hard job and not despair.2. Economic ___ in the country must begin with the recovering ofagricultural production.3. Her speech failed to ___ her colleagues into supporting the plan.4. Jack never allowed himself to be bullied into doing anything that went against his ___ .5. I felt disgusted and wandered how I could have ever been so ____ .6. The director insisted that the conditions of the contract must be ___ exactly.7. Local government ____ will take place in May next year.8. The doctor who performed the ____ gave Aikman an 85% chance of full recovery by September.9. Mother was a ___ of strength to us when our situation seemed hopeless.10. The students complained about the ____ rules and regulations at the school.Anwser: 1. optimist 2. reconstruction 3. sway 4. principles 5. gross6. fulfilled7. elections8. surgery9. pillar 10. rigid 5. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.1. The family crisis really ____ ; she was a competent mother and a successful career woman at the same time.2. The interesting thing about him is that he is one of those who always ___ to be lucky no matter what they do.3. If the traffic plan ____ , it will be applied to other cities too.4. ____ ; the police will soon come to rescue us.5. It's not like Catherine to be rude; she's polite ____ .Anwser:1. brought out her best 2. turn out out 4. Hang in there 5. by nature 6. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.have the ____ duty of telling Mrs. Jones that her son has been killed. delightful/hatefulreport strongly ____ the police for filing to deal with the problem. criticize/praiseCapitol at Washington is where ____ meets. Conference/Congressis the ____ of modern society. cancer/cancelJim In order to pay his debts, he’s been working ____ hard. tremendously/greatlyAnwser:1. hateful 2. criticizes 4. cancer 5. tremendously the following sentences into English.1. 他并不后悔说过的话,只是觉得他完全可以不用这种方式表达;could have doneHe did not regret what he had said but felt that he could have expressed it differently.2.我们最好等到12月14日;那时大卫已考完试,就能和我们一起去度假了;will have doneWe’d better wait till 14 December. David will have had his exam by then,so he’ll be able to go on holiday with us.3. 他正在做一个新项目,年底前必须完成;work onHe’s working on a new project which has to be finished by the end of the year.4.他们让我们使用他们的实验室,作为回报,我们则让他们分享研究成果;in returnThey are letting us use their lab, and in return, we are sharing with them the results of our research.5.诸如打电话,听电话一类的事情占用了这位秘书的大部分时间;take upSuch things as making and answering telephone calls take up most of the secretary’s time.8. Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to their italicized parts and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.his worry, Dad was a pillar of strength for us and especially for her. Despite his advanced age, Grandpa was a pillar of strength for our family and especially for Grandma.尽管他有病在身,他却是我们公司尤其是销售部的顶梁柱;knew that no matter what, Dad and his love would be there.He promised me that no matter what, he and his support would be there. 她从不惧怕困难,因为她知道不管发生什么事,父母的关爱总会和她在一起;decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision, as any goodfather would. I decided to settle down in the countryside, and Mother tried to sway me from my idea, as any good mother would.汤姆决定辍学;像任何有责任心的老师那样,威尔逊先生极力劝阻他改变主意;it turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national magazine for young people in the UK.As it turned out, Mary went on to get the first place in the speech contest, a great success for the school she represented.结果,中国女子排球队接着获得了一枚又一枚金牌,成为整个国家的一个令人激动的事件;in there and things will improve.Hang in there and you will take the company out of the red.只要坚持下去,你的目标就一定能实现;1 Despite his illness, he is a pillar of strength for our company and especially for the sales department.2 She never feared difficulties, because she knew that no matter what, her parents’ concern and love would be there.3 Tom decided to drop out of school, and Mr. Wilson tried to sway him from his decision, as any responsible teacher would.4 As it turned out, the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team went on to win one gold medal after another, an exciting event for the whole country.5 Hang in there and your goal will certainly be achieved.Passage B: Love Works A Miraclethe following questions with the information from the passage.1. What was Cruiser doing when Cindy came outHe was trying to save Kyla by grabbing her clothes with his teeth.was special about CindyShe was disabled, paralyzed from the chest down.she call for help when she found her daughter in great danger Explain. No. She didn’t, because she had no time. Besides, there was nobody nearby to help.did Cindy feel when Kyla finally started cryingShe felt extremely excited.does the story tell usAnswer: Open.whether each of the following statements is true or false based on the information in the reading passage. Write "T" for true or "F" for false in the space provided.1. Cruiser, the family dog, liked to chase Cindy's little daughter Kyla for fun.2. Cindy knew that something was wrong when she didn't hear anything after the splash.3. Cindy swam regularly in the family swimming pool to keep fit.4. Cindy was not able to lift Kyla with one arm because the little girl was limp and heavy.5. Cindy brought Kyla back to life by puffing breaths into her mouth. Anwser: , , , ,the following questions with the information you obtain from the passage.1. What was Cruiser doing when Cindy came out2. What was special about Cindy3. Did she call for help when she found her daughter in great danger Explain.4. How did Cindy feel when Kyla finally started crying5. What does the story tell usReference Key:1. He was trying to save Kyla by grabbing her clothes with his teeth.2. She was disabled, paralyzed from the chest down.3. No. She didn't, because she had no time. Besides, there was nobody nearby to help.4. She felt extremely excited.5. Open14. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1. It was raining but they played the game ____ .2. He took one sip of the wine and ____ it out, for it tasted a bit sour.3. to the tropical heat was more difficult than they had expected.4. As he is out of work these days, we should certainly visit him ____ to cheer him up.5. Their relationship was decidedly ____ after the argument.6. If you do not go to school ____ , you will not learn your lessons properly.7. Anne felt helpless, only able to wipe her mother's face and ____ her hands, praying for some relief for her.8. We both kept ____ ourselves to prove that it wasn't all a dream.9. He ____ his car when he drove through the narrow gate.10. Don't you worry if your baby seems a little reluctant to ____ or walk. Sooner or later, she'll pick it up.Anwser: 1. anyway 2. spat 3. Adjusting 4. frequently 5. chilly6. regularly7. grip8. pinching9. scraped 10. crawlthe following sentences into English.1.他们把房子卖了后就到加拿大和女儿住在一起; go offI’m not supposed to let anyone in without an ID card, but I’ll make an exception in your case.2. ——你下星期这个时候会在干什么——还是像平常一样干活;will be doingHe has learned his lesson from the failure and won’t repeat the mistake.3.他既聪明又勤奋,不久就接管了杂志的编辑工作editing;before longI have great faith in your ability —I’m sure you’ll succeed.4.你话还没说完别人就挂断电话,难道你不恼火吗hang upEven though it was raining, we still went on with our match.5.让他们感到惊恐的是,他们的房顶着火了;to one's horrorI woke up to find myself lying on a hospital bed.。

全新版⼤学英语第⼆册教案Unit7LearningaboutEnglish Unit 7 Learning about EnglishⅠ. Teaching planobjectives1. grasp the main idea (because of its tolerance for outside influences, English has become agreat language) and structure of the text;2. understand some idiomatic English usages mentioned in the unit;3. master key language points and structures in the text;4. conduct a series of reading, listening ,speaking and writing activities related to the theme ofthe unit.Time allotment1st period: pre-reading; while-reading(title)2nd period: while-reading( title, language points)3rd period: while-reading( language points); post-reading(drawing a picture)4th period: post-reading; check on students’ home reading (text B)5th period: theme-related language learning tasksPre-reading tasks1. T asks Ss the following questions on the recorded passage:(23 minutes)----what is the passage about? (English is a great language, but it is also a crazy language.)----Can you give one or two examples to illustrate the messiness of the English language?( see transcript of the recorded passage for the many examples it mentions)----Are you sure of all the idiomatic usages mentioned in the recorded passage?[ some if the moreconfusing usages are explained here:1)ship by truck / send cargo by ship: ship can be either a verb or a nounThe first “ship” means “send”, the second one “a large boat”.2) noses that run / feet that smells: this refers to what people usually say “ have a runningnose”, “ have a smelly feet”.3) a slim / fat chance: a remote possibility4) a wise guy: a person who pretends to be much wiser than he / she really is; a derogatoryterma wise man: a really wise person; a commendatory term5) overlook: fail to see or notice, pay no attention tooversee: control (work, workmen)6) hot / cold as hell: extremely hot/ cold7) burn up: catch fire and flare upburn down: be destroyed by fire8) fill in a form/ fill out a form: synonymous9) go off: start an action, usually accompanied by a great noisego on: continue doing something10) race can be any of several divisions of mankind (种族,民族) or any of the main divisionsof living creatures .( 任何⽣物的种属, e.g. human race)11) when stars are out: when stars appear in the skywhen lights are out: when lights are turned off12) wind up a watch: tightening the spring of a watchwind up a speech: end a speech2. T may lead in to Text A by saying: As we discover from the previous exercise, an Englishmay have multiple meanings. Likewise, several different words may be pronounced in the same way. For example; I knew a student who ,upon hear ing the title of Helen Keller’s famous essay Three Days to See, translated it into <海边三⽇>. Considered in this perspective, English is really messy. However, according to Text A, this is also a major merit of English. ( 2 minutes)While-reading tasks1.interpretation of the title (10 minutes)1)Ss look at the title. T introduces the concept of an oxymoron (⽭盾修饰法, see TextAnalysis )2)Ss scan the first three paragraphs to find out the definition for “ glorious messiness” (inPara3)2.Text Organization (15 minutes)1)T draws Ss’ attention to Text Organization Exercise 1, leads them through the dire ctions,then dictates to them the main ideas of each part.2)Ss scan the first sentence of each paragraph in Text A to find out where the present tense isswitched to the past tense (Para4) and where the present tense is resumed (Para 17)3)Ss compare their findings with Text Organization Exercise 1, and they will see the division ofparts coincides with tense changes.3.T explains language points and gives Ss practice ( see Language Study). When going through the text, T may also point out the various rhetorical devices that appear in it (see Text Analysis) (60 minutes)Post-reading tasks1.D rawing a picture (35 minutes)1)T draws Ss’ attention to a quotation from Ralph Waldo Emerson in the quotation section---“The English language is the sea which receives tributaries from every region under heaven.”2)Ss try to draw a picture of the development of the English language. The body of English isthe sea, while the major influences are the tributaries that flow into it. At each point wherea river merges into the sea, note down the time. Along each river, note down the name ofthe language from which English has borrowed. (refer to Text Organization Exercise 2)3)Some Ss draw their pictures on the blackboard. Then T gives some comments.4)Ss re-read PartⅡto find out how the author organizes the phases of English languagedevelopment into a coherent piece. (by transitional devices at paragraph heads. Pay special attention to the underlined parts below:---how did the language of a small island--- become the language of the planet?---new words came with the Germanic tribes---in the 5th century.---the next big influence on English was------then into this relatively peaceful land came the Vikings------another flood of new vocabulary occurred in 1066------around 1476 William Caxon set up a printing press in England------as settlers landed in North America---2.T guides Ss through some after-text exercises .( 30 minutes)3.T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B).(3 minutes)4.S s do part Ⅳ: Theme-related language learning tasks.(1 period)5.T asks Ss to prepare the next unit: (2 minutes)1)do the pre-reading tasks;2)preview Text A.Ⅱ.Text AnalysisAn expert on English language is supposed to know well about rhetorical devices in English. Robert MacNeil, the author of Text A ,does not disappoint us.The title, The Glorious Messiness of English, offers a good example of oxymoron. An oxymoron puts two contradictory terms together to puzzle the reader, luring him /her to pause and explore why. “glorious” is a commendatory term ,while “messiness” is derogatory. Why do they stand next to each other? Then ,as the reader reads on, he/ she will find out that the title is actually a thesis statement: yes, English is messy, but the messiness reflects some commendable qualities of English, such as t olerance, the love of freedom, and the respect for others’ rights. At this point the reader cannot but admire the author’s ingunuity.Robert MacNeil employs many metaphors , such as core of English ,a common parent language, another flood of new vocabulary, the special preserve of grammarians . In Para 18 there is an instance of sustained metaphor: the cultural soil, the first shoots sprang up,---grew stronger, build fences around their language. In this case the English language is compared to plants, and the various cultures influencing it are compared to the soil, while users of English are compared to gardeners.We can also find parallelism in the quote from Winston Churchill: “We shall fight on the beaches ,we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields ad in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender.”There is personification in the sentence “ Translations of Greek and Roman classics were poured onto the printed page---”There is metonymy in the sent ence “The country now had three languages: French for the nobles, Latin for the churches and English for the common people.” Here the word “churched” stands for religious institutions and those who are involved in religious practices.Ⅲ. Cultural Notes1.History of English:The roots of English: English began as a west Germanic language which was brought to England by the Saxons around 400 A.D. Old English was the spoken and written language of England between 400 and 1100 A.D. Many words used today come from Old English, including man, woman, king, mother, etc. But Old English was very different from modern Englishand only a few words can be easily recognized. In the 9th and 10th centuries, when Vikings invaded England, Old Norse words, eg, sky, take and get and many place names , entered the language.From the Norman Conquest (1066) until the late 12th century English was replaced as the official language by Norman French, though English was still used by the lower classes. Englishfrom about 1300 to 1500 is known as Middle English. It was influenced by French and also Latin in vocabulary and pronunciation. French brought many words connected with government, e.g. sovereign, royal, court, legal and government itself. Latin was the language of religion and learning and gave to English words such as minister, angel, master, school and grammar. Literature began again to be written in English during this period. One of the most famous Middle English works is Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales.The development of Modern English: Modern English developed from the Middle English dialect of the East Midlands and was influenced by the English used in London, where a printing press was set up by William Caxon in 1476. English changed a great deal from this time until the end of 18th century. During the Renaissance, many words were introduced from Greek and Latin to express new ideas, especially in science, medicine and philosophy. They included physics, species, architecture, encyclopedia and hypothesis. In the 16th century several versions of the Bible helped bring written English to ordinary people. The Elizabethan period is also famous for its drama and Shakespeare’s plays were seen by many people. The development of printing helped established standards of spelling and grammar, but there remained a lot of variation. Samuel Johnson’s A Dictionary of the English Languages (1755) was the first authoritative of English. It defined about40,000 words and gave examples of their use.By the 18th century American English was established and developing independently from British English . After colonists arrived in the US new words began to be added from Native American languages, and from French and Spanish. In 1783, soon after Johnson’s dictionary was publ ished, Noah Webster’s The Elementary Spelling Book was published in the US. At first it used Johnson’s spellings, but later editions contained many of what have come to be known as American spellings, e.g. harbor and favorite.2oth century English: during the 19th and early 20th centuries many dictionaries and books about language were published. New words are still being added to English from other languages, including Chinese (feng shui) and Japanese (karaoke). Existing words gain new senses, and new expressions spread quickly through television and the Internet.English is now an international language and is used as a means of communication between people from many countries. As a result the influences on the English language are wider than ever and it is possible that World English will move away from using a British or American standard and establish its own international identity.2.Winston Churchill( 1874-1965) : a politician who is remembered as one of Britain’s greatest statesmen. He was the son of the Conservative politician Lord Randolph Churchill and his American wife Jennie. As a young man he served as a soldier in India and Egypt, and as ajournalist in South Africa, before entering politics. Churchill became Prime Minister and Minister of Defence in 1940. His radio speeches during World WarⅡgave the British people a strong determination to win the war, especially at times of great crisis. Examples of Churchill’s phrases will often quoted today are “ I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat ”, and “This was their finest hour”. The Conservative Party led by Churchill lost the election of 1945, but he became Prime Minister again from 1951 to 1955 when he retired, aged 80. When he died in Jan 1965 he was given a state funeral.3.Julius Caesar (100-44BC): the best-known of all the ancient Roman leaders, and the first onw to land in Britain with an army. He did this twice, in 55 and 54 BC, although Britain did not become part of the Roman Empire until nearly a hundred years later.4.Viking: a member of a people from Scandinavia who attacked parts of northern and western Europe, including Britain and Ireland , in the 8th to 11th centuries. In Britain they were also known as Norsemen. They settled on the Scottish islands and in areas of eastern England, and the Danish King Canute ruled England from 1016. The Vikings were feared as violent and cruel, but they were also noted for their skill in building ships and as sailors. They had an important influence on English culture and the English language.5.Norman: any of the people from Normandy in northern France who settled in England after their leader William defeated the English king at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. The Normans took control of the country, a process known as the Norman Conquest. They used many of the existing Anglo-Saxon methods of government of the state and the church, but added important aspects of their own and made government much more effective. The language of government became first Latin, and then Norman French, and this caused many new words to be added to the existing English language.Ⅳ. Language Study1.massive: large in scale, amount, or degreeeg. The ancient temple’s massive stone pillars had begun to crumble.The scale of the problem is so massive that it will require all our resources to deal with it.2.snack: a small mealeg. I usually have a snack of a hamburger and a glass of coke at lunchtime.The children in the kindergarten have a midmorning snack of milk and biscuits.3.corrupt: 1)cause errors to appear ineg. The Academy ruled that such foreign expressions were not permitted, as they corruptedthe language.2)cause to act dishonestly in return for personal gainseg. To our great surprise, the former mayor turned out to have been corrupted by the desire for money and power.4.ban : forbid sth officially (used in the pattern: ban sb from sth./ doing sth.)eg. The local government will ban smoking in all offices later this year.Tom was banned from driving for six months after being caught speeding again.n. ban (followed by on)eg. The government is considering a total ban on cigarette advertising.5. invent: 1)invent:1)make or design （sth. tat has not existed before）; create (sth.)Examples: James Watt invented the steam engine.⼀Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.2)give (a name, reason, etc. that doesn't exist or is not true)Examples: All the characters in the novel are invented.Standing still in the teacher’s office, the boy tried to invent a plausible excuse for his absence from class.Cf:: invent, discoverIf somebody invents something, they are the first person to think of it or make it.Example: Walter Hunt and Elias Hone invented the sewing machine.If somebody discovers something, they find out about something which exists but which was not previously known. Example: The planet Pluto was discovered in 1930.6.fascinating: of great interest or attractionExamples: The story of his adventures in the Arctic was fascinating to listen to.I found the discussion about cloning absolutely fascinating.It is fascinating to imagine what might have happened if the US had not declared war against Japan in World War II.7.strictly speaking: if one uses words, applies rules, etc. in their exact senseExample: He's not strictly speaking m artist; he is more of a performer.Strictly speaking she was not qualified for the job-But we employed her because of her honesty.-8.tolerance: 1) the quality of allowing other people to say and do as they like, even if you don'tagree or approve of it (followed by 4扮r)Examples: School teachers have to have a great deal of tolerance in order to deal with difficult children.I think tolerance between students is extremely necessary since they live and study together.2) the ability to bear sth. painful or unpleasant (followed by of/ for)Examples: Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.The patient had no tolerance for pan. Whenever he was injected he would cry.9.to a (very real, certain, etc.)extent: to the degree specifiedExamples: I agree with him to some extent but there are sti11some areas of sharp disagreement between us.To some extent the water pollution has affected local residents.To a certain extent the failure of the restaurant was due to bad management.10.The history of English is present in the first words a child learns about identity-··:The history ofEnglish is revealed in the first words a child learns about identity.11.necessity: 1) sth. you must have in order to live properly or do sth.Examples: Water is a basic necessity of life.A lot of people would consider a TV as more of a necessity than a luxury item.The workers’ wages were so low that they hardly had eno ugh money to buy the bare necessities of life.2)circumstances that force one to do st11.;the state of being necessary; the need for sth.(followed by off/ for)There is absolutely no necessity for you to be involved in the project.They reached m agreement on the necessity of educational reform12. rouse: provoke (a particular feeling or attitude)Examples: These educational toys give children a feeling of self-worth by arousing their interest in challenging tasks. The man's strange behavior aroused the policeman suspicions.13.surrender:give in (followed by ω)Examples: After several weeks of severe attacks, Afghanistan's Taliban forces surrendered to the Northern Alliance: After the bombs fell on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Japanese surrendered.We’ll never surrender to terrorism despite the terrorist attacks.14.virtually: for the most part, almostExamples: It's virtually impossible to tell the imitation from the mal thing.It has been raining virtually non-stop for the past several days.15.invade:enter with armed forcesExamples: In July1937 the Japanese army invaded China.The Germans invaded Poland in 1939,1eading to the start of World War II.16.mystery:stI1·that people can't, or have not been able to understand or explainExamples: The politician's sudden death remains a mystery to us all.How Egyptian pyramids were built still remains a mystery.No one has ever been able to exp1出n the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle.17.resemble:be like or similar toExamples: I’d say he resembles his mother more than his father-,In his childhood, Stevie Wonder loved music and would pound spoons or forks on any surface that resembled a drum.18.systematic:done according to a systemExamples: Our professor not only imparts lq10Wledge to us, but also teaches us how to read books in a systematic way. The staff made a systematic check to make sure that no name had been omitted from the register.19.descend:come down (from a source),go down (followed by from)Examples: These ideas descend from those of the ancient philosophers.The Japanese are thought to be descended from tribes from the north of China.20.establish:1)cause to be, set upExamples: The school was established in 1905by an Italian professor.The bank helps people wanting to establish their business.2)place or settle sb /oneself in a position, an office, etc.(used in the pattern: establishsb/oneself as)Examples: They are rapidly establishing themselves as the market leaders.She established her fame as m actress.21.drin:move or go somewhere in a slow casua lwayExamples: Jimmy spent the year drifting around Europe.As rural factories shed labor, people drift towards the cities.The football match was over, and the crowds drifted away from the stadium.22.climate:(an area or a region with)a regular pattern of weather conditionsExamples: Brought up in the south of China, she wouldn't enjoy living in such a cold climate.Due to the greenhouse effect, changes in the earth's climate have taken place-23.pass (sth.)on to (sb.):hand or give (st11.)to (sb.)Examples: When you have finished reading the novel, please pass it on to Laura.The King passed on much of his fortune to the princess.24.addition:a person or thing added (followed by to)Examples: The baby is a welcome addition to the Smith family.The young professor will be a most valuable addition to our board.25.conquer:take possession and control of (a country, city,etc.)by force; defeatExamples: Afghanistan's Northern Alliance conquered Kabul a month ago.She has conquered the hearts of many men.The Spanish once conquered most of South America.26.royal:of a king or queen, or other members of their family, and things relating to themExamples; The newborn baby was welcomed not only by the Japanese royal family but by the country at large.The royal wedding drew large crowds from across the country.27.alternative:one of two or mom possibilities (followed by to)Examples: Check out the alternatives before deciding whether to go to a nearby college.What was the alternative to going home?28.modify:change slightlyExamples: The school authorities plan to modify the sc11001regulations.The computer programmers tried to modify the design of the software to make it suitable for commercial production.29.enrich: 1)make rich or richerExamples: That once poor coastal village has been enriched by the profits from tourism.The development of oil fields enriched many Arabian countries.2)improveExamples: It is important to enrich the soil prior to planting.Travel enriches people's lives.30.classic:awork of art recognized as having lasting valueExamples: Both Tom and Jones and Wuthering Heights are classics.His manual on botany has become a classic among scientists.31.source: a place from which /doc/d1*******.htmles or is obtainedExamples: Tourism, which is a major source of income for the city, has been seriously affected by the terrorist attacks. The source of the anthrax outbreak in the USA remained a mystery.32.out of control: no longer able to be controlledExamples: The f11·e was out of control by the time the second fire engine arrived.There was nothing they could do about it. The situation was out of control.33.fortunately: by good luckExamples: :Fortunately, my friend survived the car accident.Fortunately a life guard noticed that the woman was drowning and she was rescued.I had forgotten my key, but fortunately the door wasn't locked.34.put into practice:Examples: Having delayed several times, we must put this plan into practice now.They weren't allowed to put into practice in their dai1y lives the teachings they received.35.strike out: start being independent; start doing what on￠wants to do in lifeExample: After working for his father for about ten years, he decided to strike out on his own.。

英语综合教程2unit7Unit 7: The EnvironmentIn Unit 7 of our English Integrated Coursebook 2, we delve into the theme of the environment. This unit focuses on raising awareness about environmental issues and exploring ways in which individuals can make a positive impact on the world around them. In this unit, we will cover the importance of sustainability, the impact of pollution on the environment, and the significance of wildlife conservation.The first section of this unit tackles the concept of sustainability. It emphasizes the need for individuals to adopt sustainable practices in order to preserve the Earth for future generations. The reading passages introduce us to various sustainable actions, including reducing waste, recycling, using renewable energy sources, and supporting eco-friendly products. By highlighting these practices, the unit encourages students to reflect on their own behaviors and make conscious efforts to reduce their ecological footprint.The second part of Unit 7 focuses on pollution and its detrimental effects on the environment. The readings shed light on different types of pollution, such as air, water, and soil pollution, and the ways in which they harm ecosystems and human health. The unit also explores the causes of pollution, including industrialization, deforestation, and the excessive use of fossil fuels. Through these readings, students gain a deeper understanding of the scope and consequences of pollution, inspiring them to become advocates for environmental protection.The final section of this unit delves into wildlife conservation. It highlights the importance of preserving biodiversity and protecting endangered species. Students learn about the threats facing wildlife, such as habitat loss, illegal hunting, and climate change. The unit raises awareness about the role individuals can play in wildlife conservation, such as participating in community projects, supporting conservation organizations, and promoting sustainable tourism.To reinforce the knowledge acquired throughout this unit, students engage in various activities, including group discussions, presentations, and research projects. These activities enable students to delve deeper into the topics and develop critical thinking skills. Additionally, the unit includes vocabulary and grammar exercises that further reinforce students' language proficiency.In conclusion, Unit 7 of our English Integrated Coursebook 2 provides comprehensive coverage of the environment and its related issues. By delving into sustainability, pollution, and wildlife conservation, this unit fosters a deeper understanding of the importance of protecting our planet. Through engaging readings, activities, and exercises, students are equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary to become active participants in environmental protection.。

课后练习答案（全新版大学英语综合教程第二版）第2册UNIT 1I. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases…1) insert 2) on occasion 3) investigate 4) In retrospect 5) initial 6) phenomena 7) attached 8) make up for 9) is awaiting 10) not in the least 11) promote 12) emerged2. Rewrite each sentence…1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south2) is said to be superior to synthetic fiber3) as a financial center has evolved slowly4) is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer5) by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.3. Complete the sentences1) be picked up, can’t accomplish, am exaggerating2) somewhat, the performance, have neglected, they apply to3) assist, On the other hand, are valid, a superiorII. Confusable Words1.1) continual 2) continuous 3) continual 4) continuous2.1) principal; 2) principal; 3)principle 4) principles 5) principalIII. Usage1. themselves2. himself/herself3. herself/by herself/on her own4. itself5. ourselves6. yourself/by yourself/on your ownComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) contrast 2) exaggerating 3) priority 4) on the other hand 5) promoting 6) pick up7) assist 8) accomplish 9) on occasion 10) neglecting 11). worthwhile 12)superior2. Theme-related1. end2. perform3. facing4. competent5. equipped6. designed7. approach8. rest 9. definitely 10. qualityII. Translation1. Translate the Sentences1) It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.2) Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.3) Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.4) Assuming (t hat) this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it?5) If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.2. Translate the passageTo improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-known essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.课后练习答案（全新版大学英语综合教程第二版第2册UNIT2）Text AA Life Full of RichesI. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases…1) abrupt 2) emotional 3) bless 4) wear and tear5) dated 6) consequences 7) seemingly 8) in contrast to9) Curiosity 10) genuine 11) primarily 12) sentiments2. Rewrite each sentence…1) confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first2) vital to the existence of all forms of life3) some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subject4) nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy5) tickled him to think that she’d come to ask his advice3. Complete the sentences1) a lingering, fabricating, sentiments2) fill out, every item, vital, consequences3) be denied, tangible, cherish, attainII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2. She arrived early and took a front row seat.3. Don’t take me for a fool.4. It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5. My uncle will take me (alone on his trip) to the Arctic this summer.6. He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7. Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8. If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it.III. Usage1. hanging2. to give3. to return4. being praised5. not having6. to say7. to open8. being helpedComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) well-off/affluent 2) dated 3) falling into 4) bracket 5) deny 6) tangible7) pursuit 8) cherishes 9) out of place 10) abrupt 11) focus 12) donations2. Theme-related1) consume 2) fueled 3) annual 4) plain 5) physically6) security 7) indicates 8) equally 9) traditional 10) followsII. Translation1. Translate the Sentences1) The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2) Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4) Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5) In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.2. Translate the passageWith more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year. We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.Unit 3 The Generation GapText A Father Knows BetterI. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases…1) typical 2) dumb 3) junior 4) glorious 5) welfare 6) came over 7) interference8) fading 9) narrowed down 10) frank 11) schemes 12) at any rate2. Rewrite each sentence…1) consists of five generals and four police officers.2) will be in a location overlooking the lake.3) was humiliated by her comments about my family background in front of so many people.4) have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer?5) was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3. Complete the sentences1) hysterical, was handed down by, should have known better than2) twisted, over and over, talented son,3) patience, not to keep him in suspense, assured…repeatedlyII. Collocation1. adequate2. anxious3. certain4. content5. crazy6. likely7. fortunate8. keenIII. Usage1. be admitted2. live3. be postponed4. buy5. be banned6. beComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) typical 2) welfare 3) constant 4) frank 5) talent 6) dumb 7) know better than that8) repeatedly 9) dread 10) interference 11)bet 12)assure2. Theme-related1. despite2. really3. same4. contact5. admitted6. attempt7. not8. tend 9. different 10. mannerII. Translation1. Translate the Sentences1) Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?2) The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.3) Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.4) A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.5) Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.2. Translate the passageGeorge, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CDs for computer games sof tware from his classmates.Unit 4Text A A Virtual LifeI. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases…1) conversely 2) but then 3) symptom 4)spitting 5) abusing6) tone 7) took (her) in 8) editing 9)have arranged 10) in sight11) stretched 12) data2. Rewrite each sentence…1) smoking cigarettes jars on me.2) find themselves getting sucked in3) has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.4) fled their country to avoid military service/ fled to other countries to avoid military service.5) restore people's confidence in it.3. Complete the sentences1) the virtual/ on line/ via2) nightmare/ routine/ any appointment/ arrange for3) cue/ remarks/ his tuneII. Collocation1. We came here all the way on foot.2. Private cars are not allowed on campus.3. They are on vacation in Florida.4. Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5. Don't worry, Lucy is always on time.6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.III. Usagel. hard 2. difficult3. impossible4. tough5. hard6. easyComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) Internet 2) click3) virtual 4) routines5) arrange 6) nightmare7) annoying 8) connection9) crawls 10) take in11) spit 12) data13) sucked into 14) At times15) flee 16) on line2. Theme-related1) companion 2) deliver3) access 4) enables5) customers 6) delights7) provides 8) small9) remote 10) informationII. Translation1. Translate the Sentences1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4) In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.2. Translate the passagePerhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit 5 Overcoming ObstaclesText A True HeightVocabularyI. 1.1) startled 2) mere3) motion 4) sweating5) stretched out 6) vain7)On one occasion 8) anxiety9) emotions 10) ashamed of11) In my mind's eye12) recurring2.1) Mrs. White's birthday coincides with her husband's.2) They make big profits on the stuff they sell by creating an artificial shortage, which sends the prices soaring / results in the soaring of prices.3) It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.4) Politics and philosophy have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5) Tension came over her, as she waited for her first TV interview.3.1) media; dedication to; grace.2) his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3) emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII. Collocation1) Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community.2) In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her educa?tion to acquire still another degree.3) There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safe?guard the welfare of animals.4) Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5) Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6) Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III. Words with Multiple Meanings1.1 work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4. The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6. To my disappointment, the manager's plan of promoting the new products doesn't work at all.7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don't know how to learn.8. The medicine began to work one hour after the child took it..Comprehensive txercisesI. Cloze(A) Text-related1. In my mind's eye2. groan3. competitor4. intensity5. anxiety6. tense7. sweat8. tension9. soaring10. recurring11. brought me back to earth12. fantasy13. sweat14. congratulate15.numerous16. media(B)Theme-related1. engineer2. forget3. convinced4. how5. build6. accident7. thought8. only9. sharp10. touched11. instructions12. finallyII. Translation1.1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don’t want to see me beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t / don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of / Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blowmade her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and help me survive the crisis.”Unit 6 Women, Half the skyText A A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man CanI. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases…1) cultural/culture 2)indication 3) miniature 4) ironic 5) stumbled into 6) decent7)buzzing 8) abnormal 9) mechanical 10) shuddering 11) implied 12)leap2. Rewrite each sentence…1) Convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office2) Didn’t know the first thing about cooking as she looked puzzled as to how to cook rice with the rice cooker3) Their faulty equipment the team had accomplished some very useful work.4) Allowing me to work flexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day5) Couldn’t help thinking the book must be quite fasci nating.3. Complete the sentences1) will not panic/ feel panic, will be at a disadvantage2) hybrid, transmission3) carve, one indication, to distinguishII. Collocation1. also2. as well/too3. too4. too5. as well/too6. too 7 also 8. alsoIII. Usage1. I’ve had enough2.when I was old enough to work and earn money3. can’t get enough sleep at night4. had so far collected enough of them5.have strong enough arms6. have just enough money to live onComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) stumbled into 2) not know the first thing about 3) mechanical 4) when it comes to5) hybrid 6) gritted her teeth 7) premise 8) at a disadvantage 9) panic10) cultural 11)flexible 12)imply2. Theme-related1. chair2. force3. secrets4. painstaking5. recognized6. steered7. essentially8.obsevation 9. women 10. tutor 11.inspired 12.unlessII. Translation1. Translate the Sentences1) He is a man of few words, but it comes to playing computer games, he is too clever for his classmates.2) Children who d on’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them.3) There is no way to obtain a loan, so as to buy the new equipment, I’ll just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.4) The hunter would not have fired the shots if he had not seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite.5) I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory --- he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particular those of his own doing.2. Translate the passage:Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT. She craves knowledge and works hard. However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus. Men and women professors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective. It is ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institutions of higher education. When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight. So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President. The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equity advocate.Unit 7 Learning about EnglishText A The Glorious Messiness of EnglishI. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phra ses…1) Strictly speaking 2) drifted 3) resembles 4) invaded5) is conquered 6) fascinating 7) snack 8) put into practice9) source 10) climate 11) surrendered 12) were aroused2. Rewrite each sentence…1) an absolute necessity rather than a luxury2) is a valuable addition to the football team.3) will get out of control, if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutest4) alternative but to go via Vancouver to get to Seattle.5) declared all beef imports will be banned for the next six months as an emergence measure to stop the spread of mad cow disease3. Complete the sentences1) systematic, have invented, to a very real extent, mysteries2) to establish, to be modified/ modifying3) tolerance towards, strike out, enrichII. Synonyms1. wish, wish, want, want/wish2. skin, hide/skin, hide, skin3. raise/rear, raise, rear/raise, raise4. royal, kingly/royal, sovereign, royal/ kinglyIII. Usage1. Indeed2. though3. Frankly4. Moreover5. To my knowledge6. however7. nevertheless8. Yet9. instead 10. in other wordsComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) fascinating 2) tolerance 3) invented 4) addition 5) ban6) corrupt 7) out of control 8) influenced 9) elite 10) came up with11) establishing 12) Massive 13) sources 14) enrich2. Theme-related1) early 2) similar 3) source 4) observation 5) examine6) features 7) declared 8) stronger 9) accident 10) sprungII. Translation1. Translate the Sentences1) Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.2) On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.3) He paused for effect, then said:” We can reach/ enter these markets through new channels.4) The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents5) We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereign state./ We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state.2. Translate the passageThough how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people, linguists believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language. English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English. In over fifteen centuries of its development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing. As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.。