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How empathy unfolds同感是怎样表露的1 The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt. And 15-month-old Michael went to get his own teddy bear for his crying friend Paul; when Paul kept crying, Michael retrieved Paul's security blanket for him. Both these small acts of sympathy and caring were observed by mothers trained to record such incidents of empathy in action. The results of the study suggest that the roots of empathy can be traced to infancy. Virtually from the day they are born infants are upset when they hear another infant crying – a response some see as the earliest precursor of empathy.霍普才九个月大，一见到另一个婴儿摔倒，泪水就涌了出来。
她爬到妈妈身边寻求安慰，就好像是她自己摔疼了。
15个月大的迈克尔把自己的玩具熊拿来给正在大哭的朋友保罗；保罗不停地大哭的时候，迈克尔替保罗捡回他的安乐毯。
新标准⼤学英语（第⼆版）综合教程精读2课后参考翻译新标准⼤学英语综合教程2课后参考翻译第⼀单元课后翻译：现在中国⼤学⽣参加志愿活动已成为常态。
他们到社区为⽼年⼈服务，到⼭区助学，举办爱⼼捐赠活动，或到世博会（World Expo）或奥运会等重要国际活动担任志愿者。
参加志愿活动有助于学⽣获取专业技能，丰富社会经验，提⾼道德⽔平。
多数⼤学⽣都认为参与志愿服务是⾃⼰应尽的社会责任和义务，希望能做⼀些有意义的事情来回报社会，积极推动社会和谐发展。
Volunteering has now become the norm for college students in China. The volunteers may provide community services for senior citizens, support students in mountain areas in education, organize fundraising activities to help those in need, or work for major international projects such as the World Expo and the Olympic Games. Doing volunteer work is a useful way for students to enhance their professional skills and social experience as well as promoting their moral development. The majority of college students believe that it is their duty and obligation to participate in volunteer activities. They hope that they can do something meaningful and promote the development of social harmony.第⼆单元课后翻译：“不以物喜，不以⼰悲”出⾃北宋⽂学家范仲淹的名著《岳阳楼记》，意思是凡事都要以⼀颗平常⼼看待，不因外部事物的好坏和⾃⼰的得失⽽或喜或悲。
新标准大学英语综合教程2 unit1~~4课文翻译答案Unit 1 Active reading(1)大学已经不再特别了有这么一种说法：“要是你能记得20世纪60年代的任何事情，你就没有真正经历过那段岁月。
”对于在大麻烟雾中度过大学时光的那些人，这话可能是真的。
但是，20世纪60年代有一件事人人都记得，那就是：上大学是你一生中最激动人心、最刺激的经历。
20世纪60年代，加州的高校把本州变成了世界第七大经济实体。
然而，加州大学的主校园伯克利分校也以学生示威、罢课以及激进的政治氛围而著名。
1966年，罗纳德·里根竞选加州州长，他问加州是否允许“一所伟大的大学被喧闹的、唱反调的少数人征服。
”自由派人士回答说，大学之所以伟大正是因为它们有能力容忍喧闹的、唱反调的少数人。
<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:office:office" />在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情投入到争取自由和正义的事业中去，大规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。
许多抗议是针对越南战争的。
可是在法国，巴黎大学的学生与工会联盟，发动了一场大罢工，最终导致戴高乐总统辞职。
20世纪60年代大学生活的特点并不仅仅是激进的行动。
不论在什么地方，上大学都意味着你初次品尝真正自由的滋味，初次品尝深更半夜在宿舍或学生活动室里讨论人生意义的滋味。
你往往得上了大学才能阅读你的第一本禁书，看你的第一部独立影人电影，或者找到和你一样痴迷吉米·亨德里克斯或兰尼·布鲁斯的志同道合者。
那是一段难以想象的自由时光，你一生中最无拘无束的时光。
可如今那份激情哪儿去了？大学怎么了？现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。
当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。
例如，在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010年让50％的30岁以下的人上大学的目标（即使愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。
新标准大学英语2课文翻译Unit 1 Friendship。
Part I Pre-reading Task。
Friendship is a special kind of relationship that brings joy, comfort, and support to our lives. It is a bond that is built on trust, understanding, and mutual respect. In this unit, we will explore the theme of friendship through various texts and activities.Part II Text A。
The first text of this unit is a short story titled "The Gift of the Magi" by O. Henry. It tells the story of a young couple, Jim and Della, who are deeply in love but facing financial hardship. In order to buy each other Christmas gifts, they make sacrifices that ultimately demonstrate the depth of their love and their willingness to sacrifice for each other.Part III Text B。
The second text, "A Friend in Need is a Friend Indeed", is a proverb that emphasizes the importance of true friendship. It highlights the idea that a true friend is someone who stands by you in times of need, offering support and encouragement. This text will prompt us to reflect on the qualities of a good friend and the value of genuine connections in our lives.Part IV Text C。
War战争1 The passengers had had to stop at a small station in order to continue their journey by the small old-fashioned local train.旅客们不得不在一个小站停留，准备换乘老式小火车继续他们的旅程。
2 At dawn, a bulky woman in deep mourning was hoisted in – almost like a shapeless bundle. Behind her, puffing and moaning, followed her husband – a tiny man, thin and weakly, looking shy and uneasy.天亮时，一个深陷哀恸的大块头女人被架了进来——差不多像一捆没形的包袱卷。
跟在她身后，喘着粗气呻吟着的，是她的丈夫——一个小个子男人，又瘦又弱，表情羞怯不安。
3 Having at last taken a seat he politely thanked the passengers who had helped his wife and made room for her. The wife pulled up her collar again to her eyes, so as to hide her face.终于落了座，他彬彬有礼地感谢帮助他妻子、给她腾地儿的乘客。
他妻子又扯起衣领，盖上眼睛，把脸遮住。
4 And he felt it his duty to explain to his traveling companions that the war was taking away from her her only son, a boy of 20 to whom both had devoted their entire life, even allowing him to volunteer for war and now, all of a sudden, receiving a wire saying that he was due to leave in three days' time and asking them to go and see him off.他觉得有义务向旅伴们解释：战争就要夺走她的独生子，一个二十岁的小伙子，他们两口子把一辈子的心血都花在他身上，甚至允许他自愿参战；现在突然接到电报，说他三天之后就要开拔，要他们去为他送行。
新标准大学英语综合教程2课文翻译U3R1(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--?Blowing the whistle on soccer揭足球的短1 A French friend of mine got a big laugh at a dinner party recently with his account of the game of baseball: "Seven guys stand around in a field doing nothing while two of their teammates throw the ball back and forth."我的一位法国朋友在最近的一次晚宴上说起棒球时哈哈大笑：“当两个队友在场上来回投球时，另外七个小伙子在边上站着无事可做。
”2 I understand – it's hard to get excited about a foreign sport if you didn't grow up with it. Now I'm colliding with this same cultural barrier. The World Cup soccer tournament begins on June 9 and I will have no clue what's going on out there on the "pitch". It seems a good time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game.我知道，如果一个人不是从小就接触某项外来的运动，他就很难对它感兴趣。
现在我正遭遇同样的文化壁垒。
6月9号世界杯足球赛就要开始了，而我对球员在“球场”上干些什么却一无所知。
Leisure inactivities – or how to relax and do nothing闲暇无为——或如何歇着无所事事1 Centuries ago people didn't have much free time, because everyone was working too hard. In Britain in the 19th century, people had more time off, but the Victorians thought relaxing and doing nothing was a sin. So to avoid temptation, they invented football, rugby and cricket. People took up more gentle leisure activities like bird-watching, gardening and trainspotting, and it was even possible simply to watch a sport and give the impression that you were actually doing something useful.数百年前，人们没有多少空闲时间，因为人人都在辛苦劳作。
在19世纪的英国，人们有了较多闲暇，可是维多利亚时代的人认为歇着无所事事是一种罪过。
于是为了避免诱惑，他们发明了足球、橄榄球和板球。
人们开始从事更温和的休闲活动，如观鸟、园艺、收集火车头号码。
他们甚至可能只是观看一项运动，给人一种有事可做的印象。
2 One instance of this is cricket, which is a peculiar game with weird rules, where nothing happens for five days, at the end of which the players often decide to call it a draw. And everyone, players and spectators, feel perfectly fulfilled by this non-event. It's a good example of what we can now call a leisure inactivity.其中一个例子是板球。
新标准大学英语2课文翻译
在学习英语的过程中，课文翻译是一个非常重要的环节。
通过翻译课文，我们
不仅可以加深对课文内容的理解，还可以提高自己的英语水平。
下面，我们就来一起学习一篇新标准大学英语2课文的翻译。
这篇课文的主要内容是关于一个名叫杰克的学生在大学里的生活。
他在大学里
学习了很多知识，结识了很多朋友，还参加了一些社团活动。
通过这篇课文，我们可以了解到大学生活的丰富多彩，以及在大学里学习和成长的重要性。
首先，杰克在大学里学到了很多知识。
他不仅学习了专业课程，还参加了一些
兴趣班和讲座，拓宽了自己的知识面。
在课文中，我们可以看到，杰克对于大学里的学习生活非常充实，他努力学习，不断进步，这给我们树立了一个学习的榜样。
其次，杰克在大学里结识了很多朋友。
他和同学们一起学习讨论，一起参加各
种活动，建立了深厚的友谊。
通过课文，我们可以感受到大学生活中友情的重要性，也明白了在大学里建立人际关系的重要性。
最后，杰克还参加了一些社团活动，丰富了自己的课余生活。
他参加了篮球队，参加了学生会，还参加了一些志愿者活动。
通过这些社团活动，他不仅锻炼了自己的身体，还提高了自己的组织能力和领导能力。
总的来说，这篇课文通过描述杰克在大学里的学习生活，生动地展现了大学生
活的丰富多彩。
通过翻译这篇课文，我们不仅可以加深对课文内容的理解，还可以提高自己的英语水平。
希望大家能够通过课文翻译，更好地了解大学生活，提高自己的英语水平。
Can bad luck be explained?生活中的倒霉事能解释吗？1 Toast always lands butter side down. It always rains on bank holidays. You never win the lottery, but other people you know seem to ... Do you ever get the impression that you were born unlucky? Even the most rational person can be convinced at times that there is a force out there making mishaps occur at the worst possible time. We all like to believe that Murphy's Law is true ("if it can go wrong, it will").每次吐司掉到地上总是抹了黄油的那一面贴地。
每逢公假日必定下雨。
你买彩票从来没中过大奖,但是你认识的人里似乎有人……你有没有觉得自己生来就是个倒霉蛋？即使是最理智的人有时候也会对此深信不疑，认为冥冥之中有一种力量让他们在最糟糕的时期里灾祸连连。
我们都愿意相信墨菲法则是对的（“该出错的，终将出错”）。
2 Part of the explanation for bad luck is mathematical, but part is psychological. Indeed there is a very close connection between people's perception of bad luck and interesting coincidences.人之所以走背运，部分是概率的问题, 部分是心理上的问题。
新标准大学英语综合教程第二册重点文章及翻译Unit 1 FriendshipArticle 1: The Importance of FriendshipFriendship is a vital aspect of human life. It plays a significant role in shaping our emotional well-being and overall happiness. Throughout history, great philosophers and scholars have emphasized the value of friendship, acknowledging its ability to enhance our lives in numerous ways.Friendship provides us with a sense of belonging and support. True friends are those who stand by us during both good times and bad, offering a listening ear, encouragement, and advice when needed. This level of trust and understanding creates a strong foundation for relationships, fostering personal growth and development.Additionally, friendships contribute to our mental and physical health. Research has shown that individuals with robust social connections tend to have lower levels of stress, depression, and anxiety. The emotional support we receive from friends can act as a buffer against the challenges we face in life. Moreover, engaging in activities with friends, such as exercising or participating in hobbies, promotes physical well-being.The significance of friendship extends beyond our personal lives. It also plays a crucial role in professional settings. Building a network of professional relationships not only enhances career opportunities but alsofacilitates personal growth through the exchange of knowledge and experiences.In conclusion, friendship is a fundamental aspect of human existence. It brings us joy, support, and a sense of belonging. Investing time and effort into nurturing and maintaining our friendships is essential for our well-being, both individually and collectively.翻译：单元一友谊文章一：友谊的重要性友谊是人生中至关重要的一部分，对于我们的情感幸福感和整体快乐起着重要作用。
Reading across cultures学生的权利1意大利的博洛尼亚大学创办于12世纪，是欧洲最古老的大学。
在13世纪早期，大学的管理权都掌握在学生手里。
这种权力是基于他们对教师的经济控制。
那时候，大多数大学教师的教学收入都依赖从学生那里收取的学费。
教师每堂课必需吸引至少五名学生来听讲。
如果做不到，学校就会宣布他旷课，并处以一定的罚款。
2为了保证良好的教学质量，每个学年之初，教师都要在为学生服务的市内银行预存一笔钱。
如果教师没有达到大学章程规定的标准，学生法庭就会判决从这笔存款中扣除罚款。
教师不得不同意这样的处理，因为不交罚款的教师不允许收学费，这就中断了他的收入来源。
3教师会因各种各样的缘故而受到惩罚。
如果晚一分钟上课，或者拖堂，他就会被罚款。
如果他不能按时下课，学生按照章程必须立刻离开教室。
如果教师不能按照既定的进度讲完教学大纲规定的内容，他也要被罚款。
每年开学的时候，学生和教师共同决定教材的内容和教学的时间。
跳过难点或没有逐一重点讲解难课的教师会被罚款。
4学生的控制权不仅仅限于课堂，还延伸到教师的私生活。
例如，假如一位教师希望在学期中间离开博洛尼亚几天，他就得事先征得学生官员的许可。
如果不按时返回，他就得缴纳罚款。
5学校鼓励所有的学生告发不请假就缺课或以其他任何方式违规的教师。
此外，还有一个有组织的秘密告发系统。
有四名学生被秘密选举出来监视教师。
他们有义务报告诸如教学技巧拙劣、未完成教学大纲规定的教学内容或不请假就缺课之类的违规行为。
如果有两个以上的学生告发，教师就会受到惩罚。
6从13世纪早期至14世纪中期，学生的权力在博洛尼亚持续了一百余年。
与它的起始一样，它的终结也直接与学费有关。
到了1350年，几乎所有教师都是由当地的市政厅聘用和发薪。
随着教师薪酬支付方式的改变，学生实际上就失支了对大学的控制。
Reading across cultures保持微笑1两个月以前，我在一份科普杂志上读到一篇有趣的文章，文章是关于不同文化背景下的人们是如何通过面部表情流露情感的。
新标准⼤学英语综合教程2_课⽂翻译Unit 14 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 On university campuses in Europe, mass socialist or communist movements gave rise to increasingly violent clashes between the establishment and the college students, with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice.在欧洲的⼤学校园⾥，⼤学⽣以新的姿态和激情地投⼊到⾃由和正义的事业中去，⼤规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间⽇益升级的暴⼒冲突。
2 These days political, social and creative awakening seems to happen not because of college, but in spiteof it. Of course, it’s true that higher education is still important. For example, in the UK, Prime MinisterBlair was close to achieving his aim of getting 50 per cent of all under thirties into college by 2010 (eventhough a cynic would say that this was to keep them off the unemployment statistics).现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借⼤学的助⼒，⽽是冲破其阻⼒才发⽣的。
新标准大学英语综合教程2翻译Unit 55 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 It was a horrible joke, but Doc Daneeka didn’t laugh until Yossarian came to him one mission later and pleaded again, without any real expectation of success, to be grounded. Doc Daneeka snickered once and was soon immersed in problems of his own, which included Chief White Halfoat, who had been challenging him all that morning to Indian wrestle, and Yossarian, who decided right then and there to go crazy.那是个粗鲁的玩笑，可是达尼卡大夫并没有笑，直到约萨里安又执行了一次任务之后，再次来求他要求停飞——尽管这没有任何指望。
达尼卡大夫窃笑了一下，很快又沉浸到他自己的麻烦中去了，这包括怀特·哈夫特指挥官那天早上一直在向他挑战，要和他比印度式摔跤，而约萨里安则恰恰在彼时彼地决定要发疯。
2 There was only one catch and that was catch-22, which specified that a concern for one’s own safety in the face of dangers that were real and immediate was the process of a rational mind. Orr was crazy and could be grounded. All he had to do was ask; and as soon as he did, he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions.只有一个卡子，那就是第二十二条军规，它规定：在面对真正的、紧迫的危险时考虑到自身安全是理智的思维过程。
My dream comes true梦想成真1 The rain had started to fall gently through the evening air as darkness descended over Sydney. Hundreds of lights illuminated Stadium Australia, and the noise was deafening. As I walked towards the track I glanced around me at the sea of faces in the stands, but my mind was focused. The Olympic gold medal was just minutes away, hanging tantalisingly in the distance.当夜幕降临悉尼时，雨也开始悄悄地从夜空中飘落。
几百盏灯把澳大利亚体育场照得灯火通明，场内的声音震耳欲聋。
走向跑道时我看了一眼四周看台上无数的脸，但我的注意力还是很集中。
再过几分钟奥运金牌的归属就要见分晓了，它悬挂在远处，很诱人。
2 My heart was beating loudly, my mouth was dry and the adrenaline was pumping. I was so close to the realisation of my childhood dream and the feeling was fantastic; it was completely exhilarating, but also terrifying. I knew I would have to push myself beyond my known limits to ensure that my dream came true.我的心在剧烈地跳动，口干舌燥，肾上腺素猛增。
新标准大学英语综合教程2课文翻译Unit 1 Friendship。
Part I Pre-reading Task。
Friendship is an important part of our lives. It brings us joy, support, and a sense of belonging. In this unit, we will explore the theme of friendship and reflect on what it means to be a good friend.Part II Text A。
Friendship—A Priceless Gift。
Friendship is a priceless gift that cannot be bought or sold, but its value is far greater than a mountain of gold. For gold is cold and lifeless, it can neither see nor hear, and in the time of trouble, it is powerless to cheer. It has no ears to listen, no heart to understand, it cannot bring you comfort or reach out a helping hand. So when you ask God for a gift, be thankful if He sends not diamonds, pearls, or riches, but the love of real true friends.Part III Text B。
The Glory of Friendship。
The glory of friendship is not the outstretched hand, nor the kindly smile, nor the joy of companionship; it is the spiritual inspiration that comes to one when you discover that someone else believes in you and is willing to trust you with a friendship.Part IV Text C。
Unit 1Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes. The Opposition formed an alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike, which ultimately brought about the downfall of the government.Nowadays, the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking and students are becoming more and more practical. Gone are the days when the university was an ivory tower in which scholars pursued knowledge as an end rather than a means to an end.I never hoped to learn the subject well by attending those lectures. But I did go to lectures, for it was the place where I could get the important points of the course and learn how to organize materials and how to reason.Although I have been trying every means to solve the problem, I cannot work out a satisfactory solution. But when I went to the kitchen to get a drink, something clicked and made me realize that the solution might be quite simple.Unit 3These are important documents, the content of which should be kept strictly confidential. If you need to dispose of them, you must shred them or tear them up instead of throwing them out with the trash.Nowadays, white-collar crimes such as forging checks, ID cards and credit cards have become very common. Though we have learnt much about how to prevent ourselves from being cheated, it seems that we could be its victims at any time.It has been several months since the earthquake. Life has returned to normal, and people are busy going about their business. But there is no escaping the fact that the mental trauma the earthquake brought to people will never be wiped out.Why does it matter that a library has many new books and electronic resources readily available to the readers? This is because if so, the scholars know the latest development in their own fields and know whether their research is valuable.Unit 4So sudden, so striking was the news that I sat motionless on sofa for a few minutes. My first instinct was to call our leaders to tell them what had happened and see what we could do for those colleagues who died or got injured in this traffic accident.Paper books for children have an enormous advantage over e-books. For children, a beautifully printed paper book is not only a book but also a toy they can play with. Reading a paper book is rather different from reading a book on the screen.In recent years, traditional media are in the tendency of decline and new media are developing rapidly. However, this does not necessarily mean that trational media have lost the market. When it comes to reading things like news, people are still used to such traditional media as newspaper.With the explosion of the financial crisis, many enterprises find themselves in difficulties. For those who have no circulating fund to invest in new production and would not let the vicious circle continue, the only thing they can do is to turn to government for help.Unit 6He cried his heart out when he heard that he was not in the list of the school team. After all, he had gone through months of hard training and gruelling competition, and had learned how to shoot with great skill and accuracy.The coach, who was known for his strictness, had meant from the very start for all the players to shut out all the distracting thoughts and push themselves beyond their limits to ensure that they win a medal at the 29th Olympic Games held in Beijing.Since after he took over the team, the new coach has always borne in mind his mission and finally made it to the championship of the league matches. When interviewed, the coach was at a loss for words because of excitement.Football is an amazing sport. Despite the fact that most finals are 0—0, 1—0 or 2—1, people keep flocking to see football games. For me, it remains a mystery what is so attracting about football.Unit 7The burglars were throwing the stolen items to the pickup and were just about to drive away when the guards watching over the living quarters found them and called the police.The three soldiers had walked with difficulty through the woods for a whole day, trying to navigate to the east bank of the river, only to find that they had been circling in the woods and were still dozens of miles short of their destination.It seems to me that the scholar who talked about animal intelligence this morning has obviously overestimated the animal intelligence. She went so far as to suggest that chimpanzees can communicate with humans through computers.As volunteers, what we need to do is not just limited to smiling to those who come to us for information and help. We must also learn skills for cross-cultural communication, without which our performance cannot be satisfactory.Unit 8It's no use burying yourselves in books all day. You'd better take up some hobbies and take part in sports or extracurricular activities at intervals. A healthy study habit is to keep a balance between work and rest.If your job is rightly chosen, it will not only give you a means of sustenance, but also help you escape from the boredom and banish from your mind the worry about leading a meaningless life after so many years of higher education.When he had nothing to do at hand, he used to volunteer to do something for his community. It may well be that under his influence more and more people in the community joined in to become volunteers.I used to watch TV series late into the night, which took up too much time and risked my health and shape. To avoid temptation, I removed the TV set from my room and took up other leisure activities such as reading and playing piano.。
