综英3Unit7TheChaser课堂

Unit 7 The ChaserKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI. Decide which of the following is likely to happen after the story.CII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F (Refer to Paragraph 5. The old man says that his stock in trade is not very large, butit is varied and has extraordinary effects.)2. F (Refer to Paragraphs 11 and 13. The price of a glove-cleaner, as he calls it, is veryhigh, five thousand dollars for a teaspoonful, but the love potion is very cheap.)3. F (Refer to Paragraph 19. The old man claims that the effects of love potions are permanent.)4. T (Refer to Paragraphs 24 and 28. Austen says that Diana is fond of parties and, although she is everything to him already, she does not care about his love at all. That iswhy he decides to go to the old man for the love potion and whenever the old man mentions the magic of his potion, he can't help "crying." From that, we can see the manloves the girl very much.)5. F (The old man sells the love potions almost for nothing because by doing so his customers will come back for a much dearer commodity, the glove-cleaner, to help themout. It is the "death potion" that the old man makes most of his profits from, and intendsto sell to his customers.)III. Answer the following questions.1. What the old man means is that a young man who falls in love one-sidedly is seldomrich enough to win a girl's heart. His words imply that money is one of the crucial factorsfor love. If a man is not rich, he can rarely expect to be loved by a girl.2. Refer to Paragraphs 19 to 37. The love potion has powerful, everlasting effects. To begin with, it may produce sexual desire in the person who takes it. And on the spiritualside, it can replace indifference with devotion and scorn with adoration. It will make a gaygirl want nothing but solitude and her lover's company. She will feel jealous of him whenher lover is with other girls; she will want to be everything to him. She will be only interested in her lover and take every concern of him. Even if he slips a bit, she will forgive him though terribly hurt. In a word, she will fall in love with him if she drinks thelove potion.3. Refer to Paragraphs 39 to 43. It is an irony, by which the author seems to imply thatlove is far from being precious or desirable. It is easy for a man to fall in love, yet it is hardfor him to stick to it. Should he regret some day, he would have to pay a much higher price to get himself out of it. Anyway, for the old man, and for his customers as he believes, the life-cleaner is more important than the love potion.4. This means there is a wide difference between the young and the old. Young peopletend to be over-passionate for love, sometimes senselessly and irrationally, while the old,just like the old man who sells the mixtures, would take a cool and sensible, sometimeseven cynical attitude towards love.5. "Au revoir," an urbane and polished reply to the young man's good-bye, meaning "until I see you again," indicates the old man's firm belief that the young man will eventually come back to him for the life-cleaner. This shows his cynical pessimism aboutlove.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. "Just because I am able to do you a favor/sell you the love potion, I feel safe tellingyou so much about my other medicines."2. "They, the love potions," said the old man, "will help change the girl's attitude towards you. She will no longer hold you in contempt. Instead, She will begin to give youher deep-felt love and care."Structural analysis of the textThe last line "goodbye, until we meet again" carries an ironic double meaning. It's a conventional way to say goodbye. And with all those clues given in the story, it also suggests that the old man expects the young man will return for the glove-cleaner.Rhetorical features of the text"It would be no good charging that sort of price for a love potion. Young people who needa love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need alove potion." (Paragraph 13)Vocabulary exercisesI. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. feeling very much worried and afraid2. everything I sell could be well deemed as extraordinary3. difficult to notice4. much more lasting than the momentary impulse5. with enthusiasmII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriateform.1. creaky2. peered3. acquaintance4. detachment5. raptures6. giddy7. overwhelmed 8. obligedIII. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. obscurity2. acquainted3. perceptible4. apprehension5. indifferent6. rapt7. overwhelmingly 8. disobligingIV. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.1. save up2. care about3. indulges in4. reached for5. peered about6. deals in7. was substituted8. better offV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the senseit is used.1. Antonym: perceptible (perceivable, noticeable)2. Synonym: postmortem3. Synonym: anxiously (fearfully)4. Antonym: temporary (transient)5. Antonym: grave (cheerless)6. Synonym: profoundly (rigorously, strongly)7. Antonym: apathetically (indifferently)8. Synonym: reasonVI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.1. expect2. have3. accept4. imagine5. was6. work out7. became popular 8. demanded。

Unit 7 The ChaserKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI. Decide which of the following is likely to happen after the story.CII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F (Refer to Paragraph 5. The old man says that his stock in trade is not very large, but it is varied and has extraordinary effects.)2. F (Refer to Paragraphs 11 and 13. The price of a glove-cleaner, as he calls it, is very high, five thousand dollars for a teaspoonful, but the love potion is very cheap.)3. F (Refer to Paragraph 19. The old man claims that the effects of love potions are permanent.)4. T (Refer to Paragraphs 24 and 28. Austen says that Diana is fond of parties and, although she is everything to him already, she does not care about his love at all. That is why he decides to go to the old man for the love potion and whenever the old man mentions the magic of his potion, he can't help "crying." From that, we can see the man loves the girl very much.)5. F (The old man sells the love potions almost for nothing because by doing so his customers will come back for a much dearer commodity, the glove-cleaner, to help them out. It is the "death potion" that the old man makes most of his profits from, and intends to sell to his customers.)III. Answer the following questions.1. What the old man means is that a young man who falls in love one-sidedly is seldom rich enough to win a girl's heart. His words imply that money is one of the crucial factors for love. If a man is not rich, he can rarely expect to be loved by a girl.2. Refer to Paragraphs 19 to 37. The love potion has powerful, everlasting effects. To begin with, it may produce sexual desire in the person who takes it. And on the spiritual side, it can replace indifference with devotion and scorn with adoration. It will make a gay girl want nothing but solitude and her lover's company. She will feel jealous of him when her lover is with other girls; she will want to be everything to him. She will be only interested in her lover and take every concern of him. Even if he slips a bit, she will forgive him though terribly hurt. In a word, she will fall in love with him if she drinks the love potion.3. Refer to Paragraphs 39 to 43. It is an irony, by which the author seems to imply that love is far from being precious or desirable. It is easy for a man to fall in love, yet it is hardfor him to stick to it. Should he regret some day, he would have to pay a much higher price to get himself out of it. Anyway, for the old man, and for his customers as he believes, the life-cleaner is more important than the love potion.4. This means there is a wide difference between the young and the old. Young people tend to be over-passionate for love, sometimes senselessly and irrationally, while the old, just like the old man who sells the mixtures, would take a cool and sensible, sometimes even cynical attitude towards love.5. "Au revoir," an urbane and polished reply to the young man's good-bye, meaning "until I see you again," indicates the old man's firm belief that the young man will eventually come back to him for the life-cleaner. This shows his cynical pessimism about love.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. "Just because I am able to do you a favor/sell you the love potion, I feel safe telling you so much about my other medicines."2. "They, the love potions," said the old man, "will help change the girl's attitude towards you. She will no longer hold you in contempt. Instead, She will begin to give you her deep-felt love and care."Structural analysis of the textThe last line "goodbye, until we meet again" carries an ironic double meaning. It's a conventional way to say goodbye. And with all those clues given in the story, it also suggests that the old man expects the young man will return for the glove-cleaner.Rhetorical features of the text"It would be no good charging that sort of price for a love potion. Young people who need a love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need a love potion." (Paragraph 13)Vocabulary exercisesI. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. feeling very much worried and afraid2. everything I sell could be well deemed as extraordinary3. difficult to notice4. much more lasting than the momentary impulse5. with enthusiasmII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. creaky2. peered3. acquaintance4. detachment5. raptures6. giddy7. overwhelmed 8. obligedIII. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. obscurity2. acquainted3. perceptible4. apprehension5. indifferent6. rapt7. overwhelmingly 8. disobligingIV. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.1. save up2. care about3. indulges in4. reached for5. peered about6. deals in7. was substituted8. better offV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Antonym: perceptible (perceivable, noticeable)2. Synonym: postmortem3. Synonym: anxiously (fearfully)4. Antonym: temporary (transient)5. Antonym: grave (cheerless)6. Synonym: profoundly (rigorously, strongly)7. Antonym: apathetically (indifferently)8. Synonym: reasonVI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.1. expect2. have3. accept4. imagine5. was6. work out7. became popular 8. demandedGrammar exercisesI. Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices given.1. C (We use a singular verb when the subject involves each.)2. D (Girl as she was = Though she was a girl. In this structure, the indefinite article is usually omitted.)3. A4. B (Inversion is used when there is a negative word at the beginning of a sentence.)5. B (The antecedent of who is the brightest students.)6. C7. D8. CII. Emphasize the underlined part by moving it to the initial position of the clause.1. Music Mary likes; sports she doesn't.2. Growl you will, and go you must.3. They have promised to finish the work, and finish it they will.4. His face not many admired, while his character still fewer could praise.5. A professor he was, but in name only.6. He might have agreed under pressure; willingly he would never.7. This question we have already discussed at some length.8. Talent Mike has; capital Mike has not.III. Improve the following sentences by changing the word order.1. They pronounced guilty every one of the accused.2. He had called an idiot the man on whose judgment he now had to rely.3. We cannot set totally aside a whole system of rules devised by Congress itself.4. The problem then arose of what contribution the public should make.5. He gave the parcel to the sergeant who occupied the trench opposite.6. Send the parcel to my father not to my mother.7. I saw on my way home yesterday a man with a scar across his face trying to escape with a bag he had snatched from a lady.8. It was my intention to produce a fairly short one-volume introduction to semantics which might serve the needs of students in several disciplines and might be of interest to the general reader.IV. Convert the following positive statements and general questions into negative statements.1. I have never seen anyone as/so happy as Mary.2. John isn't as tall as his father./John is not as/so tall as his father.3. Michael does not swim as well as Paul.4. Michael does not swim nearly as/so well as Paul.5. He is not as/so wise as he is witty.6. There is nothing quite as/so satisfying as undergoing a difficult process and after long hard work discovering the true nature of that process.7. The gap between the sides is not as/so wide as it was. / The gap between the sides isn't as wide as it was.8. It's not quite as/so straightforward a problem as it might at first seem.V. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.1. so→such2. many→much3. big problem→big a problem(When we use a singular noun in the too ?to construction or as ?as construction, we should use a/an before the noun.)4. few→much5. normal life→normal a life6. slowly before→slowly that before7. little→few(As few as is used before numbers.)8. as→so(not so good = not very well)VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the italicized parts in your sentences.1. e.g. All that glitters is not gold.Although he is s successful businessman, all is not sweet in his life.2. e.g. However much you spend, I will reimburse you.However hard I try, I cannot find the answer.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. “我亲爱的先生，”老人回答道，“我的库存不是很大——我可不经营通便剂、补牙药——不过，库存虽不多，品种倒不少。

ENGLISH ON CAMPUS2023年13期总第661期培养英语专业学生敬畏之心在《综合英语》课堂教学中的实践探索摘　要：中华优秀传统文化自古以来就注重陶塑历代读书人的敬畏之心，中国大学生应承继这种人格素养，此外，敬畏之心与人身心康宁，人际和谐，职场成功关系密切。

笔者梳理总结了《综合英语》教材中有关敬畏之心的思政教育材料，提出应当敬畏规则，取得绚烂成就；敬畏生命，收获幸福人生；敬畏自然，促进生态文明；敬畏伦理，助理社会和谐。

在教学中，笔者主要尝试利用讲授法、情景法、讨论法、练习法来培养英语专业学生的敬畏之心，旨在助其人生出彩。

关键词：敬畏之心；综合英语；英语专业作者简介：吴迪（1991-），男，湖北石首人，广东科技学院外国语学院，教师，硕士，研究方向：英汉笔译、英语教学。

当代英语专业学生没有接受过系统的传统文化教育，在大量学习西方文化的过程中，容易丢失中华优秀传统文化中的宝贵遗产。

敬畏之心在中华优秀传统文化教育中处于重要地位，和部分西方轻松快乐教育形成鲜明对比。

英语专业学生在求学阶段，因必须修读学分，遵守规则才能拿到毕业证书的压力，暂时能够拥有敬畏之心。

倘若不注重培养学生的敬畏心理，待其步入社会，步入职场，年龄渐长，职位渐高，容易丢失敬畏心理，从而影响工作和生活。

因此有意识地培养大学生的敬畏心理，成效不一定是在求学时期，其益处更是在学生步入职场，步入社会，多年之后才逐渐显露。

当代心理学研究显示，大学生的敬畏心理和主观幸福感密切相关，敬畏心理可以让人际关系更为紧密，敬畏心理能增强个体的助人精神。

总之，丢失敬畏心理百害，习得敬畏心理百利。

综合英语作为英语专业的必修课程，是培育英语专业学生道德品质的主阵地，笔者尝试利用这一课程培养学生的敬畏心理。

一、敬畏之心的来源与古代圣贤教育孔子曰：“君子三畏：畏天命，畏大人，畏圣人之言”，敬畏之心是古代圣贤教育的重要内容。

若是敬畏心理得以养成，可以培养读书人各方面的品格。

Unit 7The ChaserJohn Henry Collier1 Alan Austen, as nervous as a kitten, went up certain dark and creaky stairs in the neighborhood of Pell Street, and peered about for a long time on the dim hallway before he found the name he wanted written obscurely on one of the doors.2 He pushed open this door, as he had been told to do, and found himself in a tiny room, which contained no furniture but a plain kitchen table, a rocking-chair, and an ordinary chair. On one of the dirty buff-coloured walls were a couple of shelves, containing in all perhaps a dozen bottles and jars.3 An old man sat in the rocking-chair, reading a newspaper. Alan, without a word, handed him the card he had been given. “Sit down, Mr. Austen,” said the old man very politely. “I am glad to make your acquaintance.”4 “Is it true,” asked Alan, “that you have a certain mixture that has … er … quite extraordinary effects”5 “My dear sir,” replied the old man, “my stock in trade is not very large —I don’t deal in laxatives and teething mixtures —but such as it is, it is varied.I think nothing I sell has effects which could be precisely described as ordinary.”6 “Well, the fact is …” began Alan.7 “Here, for example,” interrupted the old man, reaching for a bottle f rom the shelf. “Here is a liquid as colourless as water, almost tasteless, quite imperceptible in coffee, wine, or any other beverage. It is also quite imperceptible to any known method of autopsy.”8 “Do you mean it is a poison” cried Alan, very much horrified.9 “Call it a glove-cleaner if you like,” said the old man indifferently. “Maybe it will clean gloves. I have never tried. One might call it a life-cleaner. Lives need cleaning sometimes.”10 “I want nothing of that sort,” said Alan.11 “Probably it is just as well,” said the old man. “Do you know the price of this For one teaspoonful, which is sufficient, I ask five thousand dollars. Never less. Not a penny less.”12 “I hope all your mixtures are not as expensive,” said Alan apprehen sively.13 “Oh dear, no,” said the old man. “It would be no good charging that sort of price for a love potion, for example. Young people who need a love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need a love potion.”14 “I am glad to hear that,” said Alan.15 “I look at it like this,” said the old man. “Please a customer with one article, and he will come back when he needs another. Even if it is more costly. He will save up for it, if necessary.”16 “So,” said Alan, “you really do sell love potions”17 “If I did not sell love potions,” said the old man, reaching for another bottle, “I should not have mentioned the other matter to you. It is only when one is ina position to oblige that one can afford to be so con fidential. “18 “And these potions,” said Alan. “They are not just … just … er …”19 “Oh, no,” said the old man. “Their effects are permanent, and extend far beyond the mere casual impulse. But they include it. Oh, yes they include it. Bountifully, i nsistently. Everlastingly.”20 “Dear me!” said Alan, attempting a look of scientific detachment. “How very interesting!”21 “But consider the spiritual side,” said the old man.22 “I do, indeed,” said Alan.23 “For indifference,” said the old man, “they substitute devotion. For scorn, adoration. Give one tiny measure of this to the young lady — its flavour is imperceptible in orange juice, soup, or cocktails — and however gay and giddy she is, she will change altogether. She will want nothing bu t solitude and you.”24 “I can hardly believe it,” said Alan. “She is so fond of parties.”25 “She will not like them anymore,” said the old man. “She will be afraid of the pretty girls you may meet.”26 “She will actually be jealous” cried Alan in a rapture. “Of me”27 “Yes, she will want to be everything to you.”28 “She is, already. Only she doesn’t care about it.”29 “She will, when she has taken this. She will care intensely. You will be her sole interest in life.”30 “Wonderful!” cried Alan.31 “She will want to know all you do,” said the old man. “All that has happened to you during the day. Every word of it. She will want to know what you are thinking about, why you smile suddenly, why you are looking sad.”32 “That is love!” cried Alan.33 “Yes,” said the old man. “How carefully she will look after you! She will never allow you to be tired, to sit in a draught, to neglect your food. If you are an hour late, she will be terrified. She will think you are killed, or that some siren has caught you.”34 “I can hardly imagine Diana like that!” cried Alan, overwhelmed with joy.35 “You will not have to use your imagination,” said the old man. “And, by the way, since there are always sirens, if by any chance you should, later on, slip a little, you need not worry. She will forgive you, in the end. She will be terribly hurt, of course, but she will forgive you —in the end.”36 “That will not happen,” said Alan fervently.37 “Of course not,” said the old man. “But, if it did, you need not worry. She would never divorce you. Oh, no! And, of course, she will never give you the least, the very least, grounds for —uneasiness.”38 “And how much,” said Alan, “is this wonderful mixture”39 “It is not as dear,” said the old man, “as the glove-cleaner, or life-cleaner, as I sometimes call it. No. That is five thousand dollars, never a penny less. One has to be older than you are, to indulge in that sort of thing. One has to save up for it.”40 “But the love potion” said Alan.41 “Oh, that,” said the old man, opening the drawer in the kitchen table, and taking out a tiny, rather dirty-looking phial. “That is just a dollar.”42 “I can’t tell you how grateful I am,” said Alan, watching him fill it.43 “I like to oblige,” said the old man. “Then customers come back, later in life, when they are better off, and want more expensive things. Here you are. You will find it very effective.”44 “Thank you again,” said Alan. “Good-bye.”45 “Au revoir,” said the man.解酒水艾伦·奥斯丁，紧张得像只小猫，心里七上八下、忐忑不安的进了裴尔街区的一个楼道，黑乎乎的楼梯咯吱咯吱直响。

Unit 7 The ChaserTeaching PointsBy the end of this unit, students are supposed to1)grasp the author’s purpose of writing and make clear the structure of the wholepassage through an intensive reading of Text I The chaser.2)comprehend the topic sentences in Text I thoroughly and be able to paraphrasethem.3)get a list of new words and structures and use them freely in conversation andwriting.Topics for discussion1)Do you believe love can be fostered? How can you lure one into love with you?2)What is likely to happen when a couple no longer love each other?Cultural Background1. Proposal of Marriage●The proposal of marriage is an event where one person in a relationship asks forthe other's hand in marriage.●If accepted, it marks the initiation of engagement.●It often has a ritual quality, sometimes involving the presentation of an engagementring and a formalize d asking of a question such as “Will you marry me?”●Often the proposal is a surprise.●In many Western cultures, the tradition has been for the man to propose to the woman.2. Engagement●An engagement is a promise to marry, and also the period of time between proposaland marriage – which may be lengthy or trivial.●During this period, a couple is said to be affianced, betrothed, engaged to bemarried, or simply engaged.●Future brides and grooms are often referred to as fiancée or fiancés respectively(from the French word “fiancé”).●The duration of the courtship varies vastly.●Long engagements were once common in formal arranged marriages.●In 2007, the average engagement time in the United States was 17 months, but thefigure around the world varies greatly depending on culture and customs.Text IThe ChaserJohn CollierGlobal ReadingI. Text AnalysisThe short story is a fable of love with a strong sarcastic tone. The protagonist, Alan Austen, wants to find an easy solution to the problem of love by purchasing a love potion. However，it’s not the love potion that the old man intends to sell primarily, but “life cleaner”.The theme of “The Chaser” is the cynicism of experience, portrayed on a field of Alan’s y outhful naivety and the old man’s pessimistic certainty.The title of this short story is somehow a pun. “A chaser”can be a person that pursues someone like in “a woman chaser”. In addition, it can refer to a weaker alcoholic drink taken after a strong one. A whisky, like the potion, intoxicates. A beer chaser, like the “life cleaner”, mollifies the harshness of the spirits. The potion and the poison go together like a strong alcoholic drink and a chaser..II. Structural AnalysisThis short story, which combines elements of horror and love, is built almost entirely through dialogue between a young man, Alan Austen, who is deeply in love and wants to possess his lover entirely, and an unnamed old man who believes in a life free of romanticinvolvement.In “The Chaser” John Collier uses:●the dramatic irony of the title to initialize a cynical landscape;●and the understatement of the ending to enclose the cynical world of the old man,a world which Alan is entering.Paragraph 1: In this part, the protagonist, Alan Austen, has been introduced. Paragraphs 2-12: The old man is trying to sell his mixture.Paragraphs 13-45: Austen got to know about the love potion and in the end bought it.Detailed ReadingQuestions1. What is the image of Alan Austen in the first part? (Paragraph 1)Alan Austen is depicted as a timid, skeptical and hesitant character. Through descriptions like “as nervous as a kitten,” “peering about for a long time on the dim hallway”, the writer creates a sense of apprehension.2. Why do you think the old man told Austen about the life-cleaner before selling the love potion? (Paragraph 7)The sophisticated old man had encountered many young men who had been in the grip of romantic desire before, but who eventually got tired of the possessive love they had experienced. He knew for sure that Austen’s possessive love wouldn’t last long. It would eventually bore and repel him. He expected that when his enthusiastic passion changed into hatred, Austen would come to him again, because he had already seen those disillusioned customers return to buy the “chaser” so that they could be free from the women for whom they had previously bought the love potion.3. What is the implied meaning of the old man’s remark, “Young people who need a love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need a love potion” (Paragraph 13)?What the old man means is that a young man who falls in love one-sidedly is seldom rich enough to win a girl’s heart; if he were rich enough, it would be much easier for him to win the girl’s hand. His words imply that money is one of the crucial factors for love. If a man is not rich, he can rarely expect to be loved by a girl.4. What is Austen’s understanding of love? (Paragraph s 23-32)Austen was filled with illusions and unrealistic expectations of love. To him, love meant the entire possession of the lover. When the old man talked about the magic effect of the love potion and described the expectant possessive love, Austen cried “That is love!”, which suggests that he was overwhelmed with joy.5. What does the old man’s remark in Paragraph 39 “… one has to be older than you are, to indulge in that sort of thing” mean?Young people tend to be over-passionate for love, sometimes senselessly and irrationally, while the old, just like the old man who sells the mixtures, would take a cool and sensible, sometimes even cynical attitude toward love.Text IIYoung Men and Elderly MenAristotleA Lead-in QuestionConsidering its time-honored history, Chinese culture tends to be compared to an old man in his eighties or even nineties. And it is very intriguing to find out that Chinese people as a whole are tolerant, practical, lack courage to take risks, which just resemble the characters of the elderly proposed by Aristotle in his Youth and Old Age.What do you think of Chinese people’s national character?Main ideaNotes1.About the author and the text: Aristotle (384 BC –322 BC) was a Greek philosopher,a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects,including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology and zoology. Together with Plato and Socrates (Plato's teacher), Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy. He was the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality and aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics.The text Youth and Old Age is an excerpt from Aristotle’s Rhetoric(Book II, Chapter12).2.Pittacus’ remark about Amphiaraus (Paragraph 1): Pittacus (640-568 BC) was theson of Hyrradius and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. He was a native of Mytilene and the Mytilenaean general who, with his army, was victorious in the battle against the Athenians and their commander Phrynon. In consequence of this victory the Mytilenaeans held Pittacus in the greatest honour and presented the supreme power into his hands. After ten years of reign he resigned his position and the city and constitution were brought into good order. Some authors mention that he had a son called Tyrrhaeus. The legend says that his son was killed and when the murderer was brought before Pittacus, he dismissed the man, saying, "Pardon is better than repentance." Of this matter, Heraclitus says that he had got the murderer into his power and then he released him, saying, "Pardon is better than punishment."In Greek mythology, Amphiaraus was the son of Oecles and Hypermnestra, and husband of Eriphyle. Amphiaraus was the King of Argos along with Adrastus — the brother of Amphiaraus' wife, Eriphyle — and Iphis. Amphiaraus was a seer, and greatly honored in his time. Both Zeus and Apollo favored him, and Zeus gave him his oracular talent. In the generation before the Trojan War, Amphiaraos was one of the heroes present at the Calydonian Boar Hunt.3.Chilon’s precept (Paragraph 1): Chilon of Sparta was a Lacedaemonian, son ofDamagetus and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. He was elected an ephor in Sparta in 556/5 BC. It is recorded that he composed verses in elegiac metre to the number of two hundred. Chilon was also the first person who introduced the custom of joining the ephors to the kings as their counselors, though Satyrus attributes this institution to Lycurgus Chilon is said to have helped to overthrow the tyranny at Sicyon, which became a spartan ally. He is also credited with the change in Spartan policy leading tot the development of the Peloponnesian League in the sixth century BC. Chilon's teachings flourished around the beginning of the 6th century B.C. A legend says that he died of joy in the arms of his son, who had just gained a prize at the Olympic ga mes. His sayings include “Nothing in Excess”, which is the precept that Aristotle refers to.4.utility (Paragraph 2): Usefulness, or gain as referred to above:“I have alwaysdoubted the utility of these conferences on disarmament” (Winston S. Churchill).Additional Notes1. They are sanguine; nature warms their blood as though with excess of wine(Paragraph1): They are cheerful and literally red-faced, as if they have drunk too much wine.Literally, sanguine refers to a reddish, often tending to brown, color of chalk used in drawing.2. past their prime(Paragraph 2): past the best of one’s life. The prime, or the primetime, is the age of ideal physical perfection and intellectual vigor.3. hint of Bias (Paragraph 2): Bias is a Greek philosopher, and considered the wisest of all the Seven Sages of Greece. His famous sayings include: “All men are wicked.”“Choose the course which you adopt with deliberation; but when you have adopted it, then persevere in it with firmness." "Cherish wisdom as a means of traveling from youth to old age, for it is more lasting than any other possession.”Questions for Discussion1．How does Aristotle define expectation and memory respectively? How do you interpret expectation and memory?2. How are two types of people, the first type being those driven by reasoning and the other type motivated by moral goodness, normally respond to circumstances?3. What is the possible chief cause behind hesitation and indecision of the elderly?4. What special characteristics are the elderly apt to display in actualities?Key to Questions for Discussion1. Aristotle holds that a young man is a man of expectation, for he has a long future ahead of him, and an elderly man is a man of memory, for he has a long past behind him. So a young man tends to be confident, for a bright and promising future is always inspiring and an elderly is likely to be cautious, for he has gone through many upsand downs in life. A young man is less burdened, for he is not burdened with too many memories, and an elderly man is liable to be more burdened, for he has too many memories to indulge in. A young man is apt to commit errors and run into blunders, for he is not a dear teacher of rich experiences himself and an elderly man is less liable to commit grave mistakes, for he must have learnt so many lessons in life.2. Those who like to reason tend to be deep and sophisticated, so they are normally slow and cautious in their response to circumstances, for they take into careful account what consequences their response may lead to while those who give top priorities to moral goodness tend to be quick in their response to circumstances for anything noble and great can get their positive response promptly and anything lowly and ignoble can cause their negative response in no time.3. The elderly might have experienced many frustrations in life, many of which were beyond their expectation. As a result, they are less sure about life. Therefore, when faced with a choice in life, they tend to show hesitation and indecision.4. The elderly are engaged more in contemplation rather than action, for they prefer to reason than to feel; they are more cynical and distrustful, for they have seen too often the worse side of human nature; they are moderate in life attitude, so they display neither intense love nor intense hate in normal circumstances.Memorable QuotesAbout Pierre Corneille, Elbert Hubbard and William ShakespearePierre Corneille (1606-1684) has been called “the founder of French tragedy” and he was one of the three great seventeenth-century French dramatists, along with Molière and Racine.Elbert Green Hubbard(1856-1915) was an American writer, publisher, artist, and philosopher. He was an influential exponent of the Arts and Crafts movement and is, perhaps, most famous for his essay A Message to Garcia.William Shakespeare (1564–1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest w riter in the English language and the world’s pre-eminent dramatist.。

Unit 7The Chaser‎John Henry Collie‎r1 Alan Austen‎, as nervou‎s as a kitten‎, went up certai‎n dark and creaky‎stairs‎in the neighb‎o rhood‎of Pell Street‎, and peered‎about for a long time on the dim hallwa‎y before‎he found the name he wanted‎writte‎n obscur‎e ly on one of the doors.2 He pushed‎open this door, as he had been told to do, and found himsel‎f in a tiny room, which contai‎n ed no furnit‎u re but a plain kitche‎n table, a rockin‎g-chair, and an ordina‎r y chair. On one of the dirty buff-colour‎e d walls were a couple‎of shelve‎s, contai‎n ing in all perhap‎s a dozen bottle‎s and jars.3 An old man sat in the rockin‎g-chair, readin‎g a newspa‎p er. Alan, withou‎t a word, handed‎him the card he had been given. “Sit down, Mr. Auste n‎,” said the old man very polite‎l y. “I am glad to make your acquai‎n tance‎.”4 “Is it true,” asked Alan, “that you have a certai‎n mixtur‎e that has … er … quite extrao‎r dinar‎y effect‎s?”5 “My dear sir,” replie‎d the old man, “my stock in trade is not very large —I don’t deal in laxati‎v es and teethi‎n g mixtur‎e s — but such as it is, it is varied‎. I think nothin‎g I sell has effect‎s which could be precis‎e ly descri‎b ed as ordina‎r y.”6 “Well, the fact is …” began Alan.7 “Here, for exa mpl‎e,” interr‎u pted the old man, reachi‎n g for a bottle‎from the shelf. “Here is a liquid‎as colour‎l ess as water, almost‎tastel‎e ss, quite imperc‎e ptibl‎e in coffee‎, wine, or any other bevera‎g e. It is also quite imperc‎e ptibl‎e to any known method‎of autops‎y.”8 “Do you mean it is a poison‎?” cried Alan, very much horrif‎i ed.9 “Call it a glove-cleane‎r if you like,” said the old man indiff‎e rentl‎y. “Maybe it will clean gloves‎.I have never tried. One might call it a life-cleane‎r. Lives need cleani‎n g someti‎m es.”10 “I want nothin‎g of that sort,” said Alan.11 “Probab‎l y it is just as well,” said the old man. “Do you know the price of this? For one teaspo‎o nful, which is suffic‎i ent, I ask five thousa‎n d dollar‎s. Never less. Not a penny less.”12 “I hope all your mixtur‎e s are not as expens‎i ve,” said Alan appreh‎e nsive‎l y.13 “Oh dear, no,” said the old man. “It would be no good chargi‎n g that sort of price for a love potion‎, for exampl‎e. Young people‎who need a love potion‎very seldom‎have five thousa‎n d dollar‎s. Otherw‎i se they would not need a love potion‎.”14 “I am glad to hear that,” said Alan.15 “I look at it like this,” said the old man. “Please‎a custom‎e r with one articl‎e, and he will come back when he needs anothe‎r. Even if it is more costly‎. He will save up for it, if necess‎a ry.”16 “So,” said Alan, “you really‎do sell love potion‎s?”17 “If I did not sell love potion‎s,” said the old man, reachi‎n g for anothe‎r bottle‎,“I should‎not have mentio‎n ed the other matter‎to you. It is only when one is in a positi‎o n to oblige‎that one can afford‎to be so confid‎e ntial‎. “18 “And these potion‎s,” said Alan. “They are not just … just … er …”19 “Oh, no,” said the old man. “Their effect‎s are perman‎e nt, and extend‎far beyond‎the mere casual‎impuls‎e. But they includ‎e it. Oh, yes they includ‎e it. Bounti‎f ully, insist‎e ntly. Everla‎s tingl‎y.”20 “Dear me!” said Alan, attemp‎t ing a look of scient‎i fic detach‎m ent. “How very intere‎s ting!”21 “But consid‎e r the spirit‎u al side,” said the old man.22 “I do, indeed‎,” said Alan.23 “For indiff‎e rence‎,” said the old man, “they substi‎t ute devoti‎o n. For scorn, adorat‎i on. Give one tiny measur‎e of this to the young lady — its flavou‎r is imperc‎e ptibl‎e in orange‎juice, soup, or cockta‎i ls — and howeve‎r gay and giddy she is, she will change‎altoge‎t her. She will want nothin‎g but solitu‎d e and you.”24 “I can hardly‎believ‎e it,” said Alan. “She is so fond of partie‎s.”25 “She will not like them anymor‎e,” said the old man. “She will be afraid‎of the pretty‎girls you may meet.”26 “She will actual‎l y be jealou‎s?” cried Alan in a raptur‎e. “Of me?”27 “Yes, she will want to be everyt‎h ing to you.”28 “She is, alread‎y. Only she doesn’t care about it.”29 “She will, when she has taken this. She will care intens‎e ly. You will be her sole intere‎s t in life.”30 “Wonder‎f ul!” cried Alan.31 “She will want to know all you do,” said the old man. “All tha t has happen‎e d to you during‎the day. Every word of it. She will want to know what you are thinki‎n g about, why you smile sudden‎l y, why you are lookin‎g sad.”32 “That is love!” cried Alan.33 “Yes,” said the old man. “How carefu‎l ly she will look after you! She will never allow you to be tired, to sit in a draugh‎t, to neglec‎t your food. If you are an hour late, she will be terrif‎i ed. She will think you are killed‎, or that some siren has caught‎you.”34 “I can hardly‎imagin‎e Diana like that!” cried Alan, overwh‎e lmed with joy.35 “You will not have to use your imagin‎a tion,” said the old man. “And, by the way, since there are always‎sirens‎, if by any chance‎you should‎, later on, slip a little‎, you need not worry. She will forgiv‎e you, in the end. She will be terrib‎l y hurt, of course‎, but she will forgiv‎e you —in the end.”36 “That will not happen‎,” said Alan ferven‎t ly.37 “Of course‎not,” said the old man. “But, if it did, you need not worry. She would never divorc‎e you. Oh, no! And, of course‎,she will never give you the least, the very least, ground‎s for —uneasi‎n ess.”38 “And how much,” said Alan, “is this wonder‎f ul mixtur‎e?”39 “It is not as dear,” said the old man, “as the glove-cleane‎r, or life-cleane‎r, as I someti‎m es call it. No. That is five thousa‎n d dollar‎s, never a penny less. One has to be older than you are, to indulg‎e in that sort of thing. One has to save up for it.”40 “But the love potion‎?” said Alan.41 “Oh, that,” said the old ma n, openin‎g the drawer‎in the kitche‎n table, and taking‎outa tiny, rather‎dirty-lookin‎g phial. “That is just a dollar‎.”42 “I can’t tell you how gratef‎u l I am,” said Alan, watchi‎n g him fill it.43 “I like to oblige‎,” said the old man. “Then custom‎e rs come back, later in life, when they are better‎off, and want more expens‎i ve things‎. Here you are. You will find it very effect‎i ve.”44 “Thank you again,” said Alan. “Good-bye.”45 “Au revoir‎,” said the man.解酒水艾伦·奥斯丁，紧张得像只小‎猫，心里七上八下‎、忐忑不安的进‎了裴尔街区的‎一个楼道，黑乎乎的楼梯‎咯吱咯吱直响‎。

Unit 7 The ChaserKey to the ExercisesText comprehe nsionI. Decide which of the followi ng is likely to happe n after the story.CII. Judge, accord ing to the text, whether the followi ng stateme nts are true or false.1. F (Refer to Paragraph 5. The old man says that his stock in trade is not very large, butit is varied and has extraord inary effects.)2. F (Refer to Paragraphs 11 and 13. The price of a glove-clea ner, as he calls it, is very high, five thousa nd dollars for a teaspo on ful, but the love poti on is very cheap.)3. F (Refer to Paragraph 19. The old man claims that the effects of love potions are perma nen t.)4. T (Refer to Paragraphs 24 and 28. Austen says that Diana is fond of parties and, although she is everyth ing to him already, she does not care about his love at all. That iswhy he decides to go to the old man for the love potion and whenever the old man men ti ons the magic of his potio n, he can't help "cry in g." From that, we can see the man loves the girl very much.)5. F (The old man sells the love potions almost for nothing because by doing so his customers will come back for a much dearer commodity, the glove-clea ner, to help themout. It is the "death poti on" that the old man makes most of his profits from, and intends to sell to his customers.)III. An swer the follow ing questi ons.1. What the old man means is that a young man who falls in love on e-sidedly is seldom rich eno ugh to win a girl's heart. His words imply that money is one of the crucial factors for love. If a man is not rich, he can rarely expect to be loved by a girl.2. Refer to Paragraphs 19 to 37. The love potion has powerful, everlasting effects. To begi n with, it may produce sexual desire in the pers on who takes it. And on the spiritualside, it can replace in differe nee with devoti on and scor n with adorati on .It will make a gay girl want nothing but solitude and her lover's compa ny. She will feel jealous of him whe n her lover is with other girls; she will want to be everything to him. She will be only interested in her lover and take every concern of him. Even if he slips a bit, she will forgive him though terribly hurt. In a word, she will fall in love with him if she drinks the love potio n.3. Refer to Paragraphs 39 to 43. It is an irony, by which the author seems to imply that love is far from being precious or desirable. It is easy for a man to fall in love, yet it is hard for him to stick to it. Should he regret some day, he would have to pay a much higher price to get himself out of it. Any way, for the old man, and for his customers as he believes, the life-clea ner is more importa nt tha n the love poti on.4. This means there is a wide differe nee betwee n the young and the old. Young people tend to be over-passi on ate for love, sometimes sen selessly and irrati on ally, while the old, just like the old man who sells the mixtures, would take a cool and sen sible, sometimes even cyni cal attitude towards love.5. "Au revoir," an urbane and polished reply to the young man's good-bye, meaning "until I see you again，” indicates the old man's firm belief that the young man will even tually come back to him for the life-clea ner. This shows his cyni cal pessimism aboutlove.IV. Explai n in your own words the followi ng senten ces.1. "Just because I am able to do you a favor/sell you the love poti on, I feel safe telli ngyou so much about my other medic in es."2. "They, the love potions," said the old man, "will help change the girl's attitude towards you. She will no Ion ger hold you in con tempt. In stead, She will beg in to give youher deep-felt love and care."Structural an alysis of the textThe last line "goodbye, until we meet again" carries an ironic double meaning. It's a conventional way to say goodbye. And with all those clues given in the story, it also suggests that the old man expects the young man will retur n for the glove-clea ner.Rhetorical features of the text"It would be no good charg ing that sort of price for a love poti on. Young people who n eed a love poti on very seldom have five thousa nd dollars. Otherwise they would not n eed a love potio n." (Paragraph 13)Vocabulary exercisesI. Expla in the un derl ined part in each sentence in your own words.1. feeli ng very much worried and afraid2. everythi ng I sell could be well deemed as extraord inary3. difficult to no tice4. much more lasti ng tha n the mome ntary impulse5. with en thusiasmII. Fill in the bla nk in each sentence with a word take n from the box in its appropriate form.III. Fill in the bla nks with the appropriate forms of the give n words. 1. obscurity 3. perceptible 5. in differe nt 2. acqua in ted 4. apprehe nsion 6. rapt 7. overwhel min gly 8. disobligi ngIV. Fill in the blank take n from the text.in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation1. save up2. care about3. in dulges in4. reached for5. peered about6. deals in7. was substituted8. better offV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word un derl ined in each sentence in the sense it isused.1. Antonym: perceptible (perceivable, no ticeable)2. Synonym: postmortem3. Synonym: an xiously (fearfully)4. Antonym: temporary (tra nsie nt)5. Antonym: grave (cheerless)6. Synonym: profo un dly (rigorously, stron gly)7. Antonym: apathetically (in differe ntly)8. Synonym: reas onVI. Expla in the un derl ined phrasal verbs in your own words. 1. expect 3. accept 5. was2. have 4. imagi ne 6. work out 7. became popular8. dema nded1. creaky 3. acqua intance 5. raptures 7. overwhelmed2. peered 4. detachment 6. giddy 8. obligedGrammar exercisesI. Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices give n.1. C (We use a sin gular verb whe n the subject in volves each.)2. D (Girl as she was = Though she was a girl. I n this structure, the in defi nite article is usually omitted.)3. A4. B (Inversion is used whe n there is a n egative word at the beg inning of a senten ce.)5. B (The an tecede nt of who is the brightest stude nts.)6. C7. D8. CII. Emphasize the un derl ined part by moving it to the in itial positi on of the clause.1. Music Mary likes; sports she does n't.2. Growl you will, and go you must.3. They have promised to finish the work, and finish it they will.4. His face not many admired, while his character still fewer could praise.5. A professor he was, but in n ame only.6. He might have agreed un der pressure; willi ngly he would n ever.7. This questi on we have already discussed at some len gth.8. Tale nt Mike has; capital Mike has not.III. Improve the follow ing sentences by cha nging the word order.1. They pronoun ced guilty every one of the accused.2. He had called an idiot the man on whose judgme nt he now had to rely.3. We cannot set totally aside a whole system of rules devised by Con gress itself.4. The problem the n arose of what con tributi on the public should make.5. He gave the parcel to the sergea nt who occupied the trench opposite.6. Send the parcel to my father not to my mother.7. I saw on my way home yesterday a man with a scar across his face trying to escape with a bag he had sn atched from a lady.8. It was my inten tio n to produce a fairly short on e-volume in troduct ion to sema ntics which might serve the n eeds of stude nts in several discipli nes and might be of in terest to the gen eral reader.n egative IV. Con vert the follow ing positive stateme nts and gen eral questi ons intostateme nts.1. I have n ever see n anyone as/so happy as Mary.2. Joh n isn't as tall as his father./Joh n is not as/so tall as his father.3. Michael does not swim as well as Paul.4. Michael does not swim n early as/so well as Paul.5. He is not as/so wise as he is witty.6. There is nothing quite as/so satisfying as undergoing a difficult process and after long hard work discoveri ng the true n ature of that process.7. The gap betwee n the sides is not as/so wide as it was. / The gap betwee n the sides isn't as wide as it was.8. It's not quite as/so straightforward a problem as it might at first seem.V. Correct the errors, where found, in the followi ng senten ces.1. SO T such2. many T much3. big problem T big a problem(Whe n we use a sin gular noun in the too ?to con struct ion or as ?as con structio n, weshould use a/a n before the noun.)4. few T much5. normal life T normal a life6. slowly before T slowly that before7. little T few(As few as is used before nu mbers.)8. as T so(not so good = not very well)VI. Make senten ces of your own after the sentences give n below, keep ing the italicized parts in your senten ces.1. e.g. All that glitters is not gold.Although he is s successful bus in essma n, all is not sweet in his life.2. e.g. However much you spe nd, I will reimburse you.However hard I try, I cannot find the an swer.Tran slatio n exercisesI. Tran slate the followi ng sentences into Chin ese.1. 我亲爱的先生，”老人回答道，我的库存不是很大一一我可不经营通便剂、补牙药一-不过，库存虽不多，品种倒不少。

Unit 7 The ChaserTeaching PointsBy the end of this unit, students are supposed to1)grasp the author’s purpose of writing and make clear the structure of the wholepassage through an intensive reading of Text I The chaser.2)comprehend the topic sentences in Text I thoroughly and be able to paraphrasethem.3)get a list of new words and structures and use them freely in conversation andwriting.Topics for discussion1)Do you believe love can be fostered? How can you lure one into love with you?2)What is likely to happen when a couple no longer love each other?Cultural Background1. Proposal of Marriage●The proposal of marriage is an event where one person in a relationship asks for theother's hand in marriage.●If accepted, it marks the initiation of engagement.●It often has a ritual quality, sometimes involving the presentation of an engagement ringand a formalize d asking of a question such as “Will you marry me?”●Often the proposal is a surprise.●In many Western cultures, the tradition has been for the man to propose to the woman.2. Engagement●An engagement is a promise to marry, and also the period of time between proposal andmarriage – which may be lengthy or trivial.●During this period, a couple is said to be affianced, betrothed, engaged to be married, orsimply engaged.●Future brides and grooms are often referred to as fiancée or fiancés respectively (fromthe French word “fiancé”).●The duration of the courtship varies vastly.●Long engagements were once common in formal arranged marriages.●In 2007, the average engagement time in the United States was 17 months, but the figurearound the world varies greatly depending on culture and customs.Text IThe ChaserJohn CollierGlobal ReadingI. Text AnalysisThe short story is a fable of love with a strong sarcastic tone. The protagonist, Alan Austen, wants to find an easy solution to the problem of love by purchasing a love potion. However，it’s not the love potion that the old man intends to sell primarily, but “life cleaner”.The theme of “The Chaser” is the cynicism of experience, portrayed on a field of Alan’s youthful naivety and the old man’s pessimistic certainty.The title of this short story is somehow a pun. “A chaser”can be a person that pursues someone like in “a woman chaser”. In addition, it can refer to a weaker alcoholic drink taken after a strong one. A whisky, like the potion, intoxicates. A beer chaser, like the “life cleaner”, mollifies the harshness of the spirits. The potion and the poison go together like a strong alcoholic drink and a chaser..II. Structural AnalysisThis short story, which combines elements of horror and love, is built almost entirely through dialogue between a young man, Alan Austen, who is deeply in love and wants to possess his lover entirely, and an unnamed old man who believes in a life free of romantic involvement.In “The Chaser” John Collier uses:●the dramatic irony of the title to initialize a cynical landscape;●and the understatement of the ending to enclose the cynical world of the old man, aworld which Alan is entering.Paragraph 1: In this part, the protagonist, Alan Austen, has been introduced.Paragraphs 2-12: The old man is trying to sell his mixture.Paragraphs 13-45: Austen got to know about the love potion and in the end bought it.Detailed ReadingQuestions1. What is the image of Alan Austen in the first part? (Paragraph 1)Alan Austen is depicted as a timid, skeptical and hesitant character. Through descriptions like “as nervous as a kitten,” “peering about for a long time on the dim hallway”, the writer creates a sense of apprehension.2. Why do you think the old man told Austen about the life-cleaner before selling the love potion? (Paragraph 7)The sophisticated old man had encountered many young men who had been in the grip of romantic desire before, but who eventually got tired of the possessive love they had experienced. He knew for sure that Austen’s possessive love wouldn’t last long. It would eventually bore and repel him. He expected that when his enthusiastic passion changed into hatred, Austen would come to him again, because he had already seen those disillusioned customers return to buy the “chaser” so that they could be free from the women for whom they had previously bought the love potion.3. What is the implied meaning of the old man’s remark, “Young people who need a love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need a love potion” (Paragraph 13)?What the old man means is that a young man who falls in love one-sidedly is seldom rich enough to win a girl’s heart; if he were rich enough, it would be much easier for him to win the girl’s hand. His words imply t hat money is one of the crucial factors for love. If a man is not rich, he can rarely expect to be loved by a girl.4. What is Austen’s understanding of love? (Paragraph s 23-32)Austen was filled with illusions and unrealistic expectations of love. To him, love meant the entire possession of the lover. When the old man talked about the magic effect of the love potion and described the expectant possessive love, Austen cried “That is love!”, which suggests that he was overwhelmed with joy.5. What does the old man’s remark in Paragraph 39 “… one has to be older than you are, to indulge in that sort of thing” mean?Young people tend to be over-passionate for love, sometimes senselessly and irrationally, while the old, just like the old man who sells the mixtures, would take a cool and sensible, sometimes even cynical attitude toward love.Text IIYoung Men and Elderly MenAristotleA Lead-in QuestionConsidering its time-honored history, Chinese culture tends to be compared to an old man in his eighties or even nineties. And it is very intriguing to find out that Chinese people as a whole are tolerant, practical, lack courage to take risks, which just resemble the characters of the elderly proposed by Aristotle in his Youth and Old Age. What do you think of Chinese people’s national character?Main ideaNotes1.About the author and the text: Aristotle (384 BC –322 BC) was a Greekphilosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. He wrote on many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology and zoology. Together with Plato and Socrates (Plato's teacher), Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy.He was the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality and aesthetics, logic and science, politics and metaphysics. The text Youth and Old Age is an excerpt from Aristotle’s Rhetoric (Book II, Chapter 12).2.Pittacus’ remark about Amphiaraus (Paragraph 1): Pittacus (640-568 BC) was theson of Hyrradius and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. He was a native of Mytilene and the Mytilenaean general who, with his army, was victorious in the battle against the Athenians and their commander Phrynon. In consequence of this victory the Mytilenaeans held Pittacus in the greatest honour and presented the supreme power into his hands. After ten years of reign he resigned his position and the city and constitution were brought into good order. Some authors mention that he had a son called Tyrrhaeus.The legend says that his son was killed and when the murderer was brought before Pittacus, he dismissed the man, saying, "Pardon is better than repentance." Of this matter, Heraclitus says that he had got the murderer into his power and then he released him, saying, "Pardon is better than punishment."In Greek mythology, Amphiaraus was the son of Oecles and Hypermnestra, and husband of Eriphyle. Amphiaraus was the King of Argos along with Adrastus —the brother of Amphiaraus' wife, Eriphyle — and Iphis. Amphiaraus was a seer, and greatly honored in his time. Both Zeus and Apollo favored him, and Zeus gave him his oracular talent. In the generation before the Trojan War, Amphiaraos was one of the heroes present at the Calydonian Boar Hunt.3.Chilon’s precept (Paragraph 1): Chilon of Sparta was a Lacedaemonian, son ofDamagetus and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. He was elected an ephor in Sparta in 556/5 BC. It is recorded that he composed verses in elegiac metre to the number of two hundred. Chilon was also the first person who introduced the custom of joining the ephors to the kings as their counselors, though Satyrus attributes this institution to Lycurgus Chilon is said to have helped to overthrow the tyranny at Sicyon, which becamea spartan ally. He is also credited with the change in Spartan policy leading tot thedevelopment of the Peloponnesian League in the sixth century BC. Chilon's teachings flourished around the beginning of the 6th century B.C. A legend says that he died of joy in the arms of his son, who had just gained a prize at the Olympic games. His sayings include “Nothing in Excess”, which is the precept that Aristotle refers to.4.utility (Paragraph 2): Usefulness, or gain as referred to above:“I have a lways doubtedthe utility of these conferences on disarmament” (Winston S. Churchill).Additional Notes1. They are sanguine; nature warms their blood as though with excess of wine(Paragraph 1): They are cheerful and literally red-faced, as if they have drunk too much wine. Literally, sanguine refers to a reddish, often tending to brown, color of chalk used in drawing.2. past their prime (Paragraph 2): past the best of one’s life. The prime, or the prime time,is the age of ideal physical perfection and intellectual vigor.3. hint of Bias (Paragraph 2): Bias is a Greek philosopher, and considered the wisest of all the Seven Sages of Greece. His famous sayings include: “All men are wicked.”“Choose the course which you adopt with deliberation; but when you have adopted it, then persevere in it with firmness." "Cherish wisdom as a means of traveling from youth to old age, for it is more lasting than any other possession.”Questions for Discussion1．How does Aristotle define expectation and memory respectively? How do you interpret expectation and memory?2. How are two types of people, the first type being those driven by reasoning and the other type motivated by moral goodness, normally respond to circumstances?3. What is the possible chief cause behind hesitation and indecision of the elderly?4. What special characteristics are the elderly apt to display in actualities?Key to Questions for Discussion1. Aristotle holds that a young man is a man of expectation, for he has a long future ahead of him, and an elderly man is a man of memory, for he has a long past behind him. So a young man tends to be confident, for a bright and promising future is always inspiring and an elderly is likely to be cautious, for he has gone through many ups and downs in life. A young man is less burdened, for he is not burdened with too many memories, and an elderly man is liable to be more burdened, for he has too many memories to indulge in. A young man is apt to commit errors and run into blunders, for he is not a dear teacher of rich experiences himself and an elderly man is less liable to commit grave mistakes, for he must have learnt so many lessons in life.2. Those who like to reason tend to be deep and sophisticated, so they are normally slow and cautious in their response to circumstances, for they take into careful account what consequences their response may lead to while those who give top priorities to moral goodness tend to be quick in their response to circumstances for anything noble and great can get their positive response promptly and anything lowly and ignoble can cause their negative response in no time.3. The elderly might have experienced many frustrations in life, many of which were beyond their expectation. As a result, they are less sure about life. Therefore, when faced with a choice in life, they tend to show hesitation and indecision.4. The elderly are engaged more in contemplation rather than action, for they prefer to reason than to feel; they are more cynical and distrustful, for they have seen too often the worse side of human nature; they are moderate in life attitude, so they display neither intense love nor intense hate in normal circumstances.Memorable QuotesLove lives on hope, and dies when hope is dead.—Pierre CorneilleThe love we give away is the only love we keep.—Elbert HubbardLove looks not with the eyes, but with the mind;And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind.—William ShakespeareAbout Pierre Corneille, Elbert Hubbard and William ShakespearePierre Corneille (1606-1684) has been called “the founder of French tragedy” and he was one of the three great seventeenth-century French dramatists, along with Molière and Racine.Elbert Green Hubbard(1856-1915) was an American writer, publisher, artist, and philosopher. He was an influential exponent of the Arts and Crafts movement and is, perhaps, most famous for his essay A Message to Garcia.William Shakespeare (1564–1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English l anguage and the world’s pre-eminent dramatist.。

Unit 7The ChaserJohn Henry Collier1 Alan Austen, as nervous as a kitten, went up certain dark and creaky stairs in the neighborhood of Pell Street, and peered about for a long time on the dim hallway before he found the name he wanted written obscurely on one of the doors.2 He pushed open this door, as he had been told to do, and found himself in a tiny room, which contained no furniture but a plain kitchen table, a rocking-chair, and an ordinary chair. On one of the dirty buff-coloured walls were a couple of shelves, containing in all perhaps a dozen bottles and jars.3 An old man sat in the rocking-chair, reading a newspaper. Alan, without a word, handed him the card he had been given. “Sit down, Mr. Austen,” said the old man very politely. “I am glad to make your acquaintance.”4 “Is it true,” asked Alan, “that you have a certain mixture that has … er … quite extraordinary effects?”5 “My dear sir,” replied the old man, “my stock in trade is not very large —I don’t deal in laxatives and teething mixtures — but such as it is, it is varied. I think nothing I sell has effects which could be precisely described as ordinary.”6 “Well, the fact is …” began Alan.7 “Here, for example,” interrupted the old man, reaching for a bottle from the shelf. “Here is a liquid as colourless as water, almost tasteless, quite imperceptible in coffee, wine, or any other beverage. It is also quite imperceptible to any known method of autopsy.”8 “Do you mean it is a poison?” cried Alan, very muc h horrified.9 “Call it a glove-cleaner if you like,” said the old man indifferently. “Maybe it will clean gloves. I have never tried. One might call it a life-cleaner. Lives need cleaning sometimes.”10 “I want nothing of that sort,” said Alan.11 “Probably it is just as well,” said the old man. “Do you know the price of this? For one teaspoonful, which is sufficient, I ask five thousand dollars. Never less. Not a penny less.”12 “I hope all your mixtures are not as expensive,” said Alan appre hensively.13 “Oh dear, no,” said the old man. “It would be no good charging that sort of price fora love potion, for example. Young people who need a love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need a love potion.”14 “I am glad to hear that,” said Alan.15 “I look at it like this,” said the old man. “Please a customer with one article, and he will come back when he needs another. Even if it is more costly. He will save up for it, if necessary.”16 “So,” said Alan, “you really do sell love potions?”17 “If I did not sell love potions,” said the old man, reaching for another bottle, “I should not have mentioned the other matter to you. It is only when one is in a position to oblige that one can afford to be so confidential. “18 “And these potions,” said Alan. “They are not just … just … er …”19 “Oh, no,” said the old man. “Their effects are permanent, and extend far beyond the mere casual impulse. But they include it. Oh, yes they include it. Bountifully, insistently. Everlastingly.”20 “Dear me!” said Alan, attempting a look of scientific detachment. “How very interesting!”21 “But consider the spiritual side,” said the old man.22 “I do, indeed,” said Alan.23 “For indifference,” said the old man, “they substitute devotion. For scorn, adoration. Give one tiny measure of this to the young lady — its flavour is imperceptible in orange juice, soup, or cocktails — and however gay and giddy she is, she will change altogether. She will want nothin g but solitude and you.”24 “I can hardly believe it,” said Alan. “She is so fond of parties.”25 “She will not like them anymore,” said the old man. “She will be afraid of the pretty girls you may meet.”26 “She will actually be jealous?” cried Alan in a rapture. “Of me?”27 “Yes, she will want to be everything to you.”28 “She is, already. Only she doesn’t care about it.”29 “She will, when she has taken this. She will care intensely. You will be her sole interest in life.”30 “Wonderful!” cried Alan.31 “She will want to know all you do,” said the old man. “All that has happened to you during the day. Every word of it. She will want to know what you are thinking about, why you smile suddenly, why you are looking sad.”32 “That is love!” cried Alan.33 “Yes,” said the old man. “How carefully she will look after you! She will never allow you to be tired, to sit in a draught, to neglect your food. If you are an hour late, she will be terrified. She will think you are killed, or that some siren has caught you.”34 “I can hardly imagine Diana like that!” cried Alan, overwhelmed with joy.35 “You will not have to use your imagination,” said the old man. “And, by the way, since there are always sirens, if by any chance you should, later on, slip a little, you need not worry. She will forgive you, in the end. She will be terribly hurt, of course, but she will forgive you —in the end.”36 “That will not happen,” said Alan fervently.37 “Of course not,” said the old man. “Bu t, if it did, you need not worry. She would never divorce you. Oh, no! And, of course, she will never give you the least, the very least, grounds for —uneasiness.”38 “And how much,” said Alan, “is this wonderful mixture?”39 “It is not as dear,” said the old man, “as the glove-cleaner, or life-cleaner, as I sometimes call it. No. That is five thousand dollars, never a penny less. One has to be older than you are, to indulge in that sort of thing. One has to save up for it.”40 “But the love potion?” said Alan.41 “Oh, that,” said the old man, opening the drawer in the kitchen table, and taking outa tiny, rather dirty-looking phial. “That is just a dollar.”42 “I can’t tell you how grateful I am,” said Alan, watching him fill it.43 “I like to oblige,” said the old man. “Then customers come back, later in life, when they are better off, and want more expensive things. Here you are. You will find it very effective.”44 “Thank you again,” said Alan. “Good-bye.”45 “Au revoir,” said the man.解酒水艾伦·奥斯丁，紧张得像只小猫，心里七上八下、忐忑不安的进了裴尔街区的一个楼道，黑乎乎的楼梯咯吱咯吱直响。

Unit-7-The-Chaser课文翻译综合教程三Unit 7The ChaserJohn Henry Collier1 Alan Austen, as nervous as a kitten, went up certain dark and creaky stairs in the neighborhood of Pell Street, and peered about for a long time on the dim hallway before he found the name he wanted written obscurely on one of the doors.2 He pushed open this door, as he had been told to do, and found himself in a tiny room, which contained no furniture but a plain kitchen table, a rocking-chair, and an ordinary chair. On one of the dirty buff-coloured walls were a couple of shelves, containing in all perhaps a dozen bottles and jars.3 An old man sat in the rocking-chair, reading a newspaper. Alan, without a word, handed him the card he had been given. “Sit down, Mr. Austen,” said the old man very politely.“I am glad to make your acquaintance.”4 “Is it true,” asked Alan, “that you have a certain mixture that has … er … quite extraordinary effects?”5 “My dear sir,” replied the old man, “my stock in trade is not very large —I don’t deal in laxative s and teething mixtures — but such as it is, it is varied. I think nothing I sell has effects which could be precisely described as ordinary.”6 “Well, the fact is …” began Al an.7 “Here, for example,” interrupted the old man, reaching for a bottle from the shelf. “Here is a liquid as colourless as water, almost tasteless, quite imperceptible in coffee, wine, or any otherbeverage. It is also quite imperceptible to any known method of autopsy.”8 “Do you mean it is a poison?” cried Alan, very muc h horrified.9 “Call it a glove-cleaner if you like,” said the old man indifferently. “Maybe it will clean gloves. I have never tried. One might call it a life-cleaner. Lives need cleaning sometimes.”10 “I want nothing of that sort,” said Alan.11 “Probably it is just as well,” said the old man. “Do you know the price of this? For one teaspoonful, which is sufficient, I ask five thousand dollars. Never less. Not a penny less.”12 “I hope all your mixtures are not as expensive,” said Alan apprehensively.13 “Oh dear, no,” said the old man. “It would be no good charging that sort of price for a love potion, for example. Young people who need a love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need a love potion.”14 “I am glad to hear that,” said Alan.15 “I look at it like this,” said the old man. “Please a customer with one article, and he will come back when he needs another. Even if it is more costly. He will save up for it, if necessary.”16 “So,” said Alan, “you really do sell love potions?”17 “If I did not sell love potions,” said the old man, reaching for another bottle, “I should not have mentioned the other matter to you. It is only when one is in a position to oblige that one can afford to be so confidential. “18 “And these potions,” said Alan. “They are not just … just … er …”19 “Oh, no,” said the old man. “Their effects are permanent, and extend far beyond the mere casual impulse. Butthey include it. Oh, yes they include it. Bountifull y, insistently. Everlastingly.”20 “Dear me!” said Alan, attempting a look of scientific detachment. “How very interesting!”21 “But consider the spiritual side,” said the old man.22 “I do, indeed,” said Alan.23 “For indifference,” said the old man, “they substitute devotion. For scorn, adoration. Give one tiny measure of this to the young lady —its flavour is imperceptible in orange juice, soup, or cocktails —and however gay and giddy she is, she will change al together. She will want nothin g but solitude and you.”24 “I can hardly believe it,” said Alan. “She is so fond of parties.”25 “She will not like them anymore,” said the old man. “She will be afraid of the pretty girls you may meet.”26 “She will actually be jealous?” cried Alan in a rapture. “Of me?”27 “Yes, she will want to be everything to you.”28 “She is, already. Only she doesn’t care about it.”29 “She will, when she has taken this. She will care intensely. You will be her sole interest in life.”30 “Wonderful!” cried Alan.31 “She will want to know all you do,” said the old man. “All that has happened to you during the day. Every word of it. She will want to know what you are thinking about, why you smile suddenly, why you are looking sad.”32 “That is love!” cried Alan.33 “Yes,” said the old man. “How carefully she will look after you! She will never allow you to be tired, to sit in a draught, to neglect your food. If you are an hour late, she will be terrified.She will think you are killed, or that some siren has caught you.”34 “I can hardly imagine Diana like that!” cried Alan, overwhelmed with joy.35 “You will not have to use your imagination,” said the old man. “And, by the way, since there are always sirens, if by any chance you should, later on, slip a little, you need not worry. She will forgive you, in the end. She will be terribly hurt, of course, but she will forgive you —in the end.”36 “That will not happen,” said Alan fervently.37 “Of course not,” said the old man. “Bu t, if it d id, you need not worry. She would never divorce you. Oh, no! And, of course, she will never give you the least, the very least, grounds for —uneasiness.”38 “And how much,” said Alan, “is this wonderful mixture?”39 “It is not as dear,” said the old man, “as the glove-cleaner, or life-cleaner, as I sometimes call it. No. That is five thousand dollars, never a penny less. One has to be older than you are, to indulge in that sort of thing. One has to save up for it.”40 “But the love potion?” said Alan.41 “Oh, that,” said the old man, opening the drawer in the kitchen table, and taking out a tiny, rather dirty-looking phial. “That is just a dollar.”42 “I can’t tell you how grateful I am,” said Alan, watching him fill it.43 “I like to oblige,” said the old man. “Then customers come back, later in life, when they are better off, and want more expensive things. Here you are. You will find it very effective.”44 “Thank you again,” said Alan. “Good-bye.”45 “Au revoir,” said the man.解酒水艾伦·奥斯丁，紧张得像只小猫，心里七上八下、忐忑不安的进了裴尔街区的一个楼道，黑乎乎的楼梯咯吱咯吱直响。